KR100290315B1 - Composition for current collector friction plate and method of manufacturing friction plate using same - Google Patents
Composition for current collector friction plate and method of manufacturing friction plate using same Download PDFInfo
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- KR100290315B1 KR100290315B1 KR1019980046819A KR19980046819A KR100290315B1 KR 100290315 B1 KR100290315 B1 KR 100290315B1 KR 1019980046819 A KR1019980046819 A KR 1019980046819A KR 19980046819 A KR19980046819 A KR 19980046819A KR 100290315 B1 KR100290315 B1 KR 100290315B1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/02—Alloys based on copper with tin as the next major constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F3/26—Impregnating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
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- Current-Collector Devices For Electrically Propelled Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
본 발명은 전차나 전기기관차의 옥상에 설치되는 집전기(pantograph)의 마찰판 제조에 관한 것이며; 그 목적은 집전 마찰판의 수명이 연장되고 내아크성, 내우성(耐雨性), 윤활성 및 전기전도도가 우수한 집전기 마찰판용 조성물 및 이를 이용한 마찰판을 제공함에 있다.The present invention relates to the manufacture of a friction plate of a pantograph installed on the roof of a tram or an electric locomotive; An object of the present invention is to provide a composition for a current collector friction plate, and a friction plate using the same, which has an extended lifespan of the current collector friction plate and is excellent in arc resistance, rain resistance, lubricity, and electrical conductivity.
본 발명은 82~88중량%의 구리, 8~12중량%의 주석, 및 0.5~3중량%의 흑연에 내마모성 경금속이 4~7중량% 포함되어 구성되는 집전기 마찰판용 조성물과 이렇게 조성되는 혼합물을 가압성형한 후 650~850℃의 온도에서 소결한 다음, 이 소결체를 전도성 기계유에 함침시킴을 포함하여 구성되는 집전 마찰판의 제조방법에 관한 것을 그 기술적 요지로 한다.The present invention is a composition for a current collector friction plate comprising a mixture of 82 to 88% by weight of copper, 8 to 12% by weight of tin, and 4 to 7% by weight of wear-resistant light metal in 0.5 to 3% by weight of graphite. After the pressing molding and sintering at a temperature of 650 ~ 850 ° C, the technical gist of the present invention relates to a method for producing a current collector friction plate comprising the impregnated in the conductive machine oil.
Description
본 발명은 전차나 전기기관차의 옥상에 설치되는 집전기(pantograph)의 마찰판 제조에 관한 것으로서, 보다 상세하게는 집전 마찰판의 수명이 연장되고 내아크성, 내우성(耐雨性), 윤활성 및 전기전도도가 우수한 집전기 마찰판용 조성물 및 이를 이용한 마찰판의 제조방법에 관한 것이다.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the manufacture of a friction plate of a pantograph installed on a roof of a train or an electric locomotive. More particularly, the life of the current collector friction plate is extended and arc resistance, rain resistance, lubricity, and electrical conductivity The present invention relates to an excellent current collector friction plate composition and a method of manufacturing the friction plate using the same.
통상 전동차의 집전기(pantograph)는 전차나 전기기관차의 옥상에 설치되어 가선(trolly wire)과 접촉하면서 전기를 집전하는 설비로서, 가선과 계속적으로 접하는 부분에는 집전 마찰판이 마련되어 있다. 이 집전 마찰판은 전기전도도, 내아크성, 내우성 및 윤활성이 우수해야 하며 무엇보다도 가선과의 마찰에 오랫동안 유지될 수 있도록 우수한 내마모성이 요구된다.In general, a pantograph of an electric vehicle is installed on a roof of a train or an electric locomotive and collects electricity while contacting a wire. A current collector friction plate is provided at a portion continuously contacting the wire. This current collector friction plate must have excellent electrical conductivity, arc resistance, rain resistance and lubricity, and above all, excellent wear resistance so that it can be maintained for a long time against friction with wires.
상기 집전 마찰판은 종래에는 주로 동, 주석, 흑연분말을 주재료로 하여 소결한 다음, 전도성 기계유를 함침시켜 제조되었다. 그러나, 종래 집전 마찰판에 전도성 기계유를 함침하여 윤활성을 증대시키더라도 사용된 주원료의 특성으로 인하여 어느 한계이상의 내마모성의 증대를 기대하기가 어려웠다.The current collector friction plate is conventionally manufactured by sintering mainly copper, tin, and graphite powders, and then impregnating conductive machine oil. However, even if the current collector friction plate is impregnated with conductive machine oil to increase the lubricity, it is difficult to expect to increase the wear resistance beyond a certain limit due to the characteristics of the main raw materials used.
따라서, 본 발명은 종래의 집전 마찰판에 적절한 크기의 경금속물질을 첨가하므로써 기존의 집전 마찰판에 비하여 제특성이 열화되지 않으면서도 내마모성이 크게 향상되어 집전 마찰판의 수명을 증대시킬 수 있는 집전 마찰판용 조성물을 제공함에 그 목적이 있다.Accordingly, the present invention provides a composition for a current collector friction plate that can increase the life of the current collector friction plate by greatly improving wear resistance without deteriorating characteristics compared to conventional current collector friction plates by adding a light metal material having an appropriate size to a conventional current collector friction plate. The purpose is to provide.
본 발명의 다른 목적은 그러한 집전 마찰판의 제조방법을 제공하고자 함에 있다.Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing such a current collector friction plate.
상기 목적달성을 위한 본 발명은 82~88중량%의 구리, 8~12중량%의 주석, 및 0.5~3중량%의 흑연에 내마모성 경금속이 4~7중량% 포함되어 구성되는 집전기 마찰판용 조성물에 관한 것이다.The present invention for achieving the above object is 82 to 88% by weight of copper, 8 to 12% by weight of tin, and 0.5 to 3% by weight of graphite wear composition comprising a 4 to 7% by weight of the wear-resistant light metal composition. It is about.
또한, 본 발명은 82~88중량%의 구리, 8~12중량%의 주석, 및 0.5~3중량%의 흑연에 내마모성 경금속을 4~7중량% 첨가하여 혼합하고, 이 혼합물을 가압성형한 후 650~850℃의 온도에서 소결한 다음, 이 소결체를 전도성 기계유에 함침시킴을 포함하여 구성되는 집전 마찰판의 제조방법에 관한 것이다.In addition, the present invention is mixed with 82 to 88% by weight of copper, 8 to 12% by weight of tin, and 0.5 to 3% by weight of 4 to 7% by weight of the wear-resistant light metal, and the mixture is press-molded After sintering at a temperature of 650 ~ 850 ℃, the present invention relates to a method for producing a current collector friction plate comprising the impregnated in the conductive machine oil.
이하, 본 발명을 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
우선, 본 발명에 함유되는 구리는 마찰판을 이루는 주성분으로서, 구리분말의 함유량이 82중량%(이하, 단지 `%')이하인 경우에는 지나친 전도성의 하락으로 집전능력이 저하되며, 88%이상인 경우에는 전기전도도는 양호하나 내마모성 경금속이 첨가되어 있을 때에는 마찰특성을 유지하기 어렵고 상대물인 가선(trolley wire)의 마모를 증가시킬 우려가 있어 바람직하지 않다.First, the copper contained in the present invention is a main component of the friction plate. When the copper powder content is 82% by weight (hereinafter, only '%') or less, the current collecting ability is lowered due to excessive drop in conductivity, and in the case of 88% or more, The electrical conductivity is good, but when the wear-resistant light metal is added, it is difficult to maintain the friction characteristics, and it is not preferable because there is a fear of increasing the wear of the counter-trolley wire.
주석은 구리의 내마모성 및 강도가 낮은 기계적 성질을 향상시키는데 결정적인 역할을 한다. 상기 주석의 함량이 8%이하이면 마찰판의 기계적 특성을 향상시키는 효과가 거의 없고 12%이상이면 내마모성 경금속이 함유되더라도 저융점 금속인 주석의 과다분포로 내아크성 및 내열성이 현저히 감소되고 도전성도 떨어져 바람직하지 않다.Tin plays a critical role in improving the wear resistance and low strength mechanical properties of copper. When the tin content is less than 8%, there is little effect of improving the mechanical properties of the friction plate, and if it is more than 12%, even if the wear-resistant light metal is contained, the excessive distribution of tin, which is a low melting point metal, significantly reduces the arc resistance and heat resistance, and lowers the conductivity. Not desirable
상기 흑연은 내아크성과 윤활을 부여하는 작용을 하는데, 0.5%이하인 경우에는 그 효과가 거의 없고 3%이상인 경우에는 성형과 소결성이 떨어져 마찰판의 기계적인 강도를 현저하게 낮추므로 바람직하지 않다.The graphite has the effect of imparting arc resistance and lubrication, but less than 0.5% of the effect is not effective, and more than 3% of the graphite is not preferable because it significantly lowers the mechanical strength of the friction plate.
본 발명의 마찰판 조성물에 함유되는 내마모성 경금속은 크롬, 몰리브덴, 텅스텐과 크롬철 합금, 텅스텐-철 합금, 몰리브덴-철 합금 등의 합금류 및 공구강 등에 사용되는 고합금강 분말 중에서 선택된 적어도 1종이상을 들 수 있다. 이들 내마모성 경금속은 4~7%의 범위로 첨가됨이 바람직한데, 만일 4%이하로 첨가되면 마찰판의 전면에 걸쳐 균일한 분포가 어렵고 편석이 발생되기 쉬워 마찰판에서 불균일한 마모를 유발시킬 우려가 있으며, 7%이상 첨가되면 마찰판의 기계적 강도가 매우 높아지지만 가선과의 마모가 급격히 증대하므로 좋지 않다.The wear-resistant light metal contained in the friction plate composition of the present invention includes at least one selected from alloys such as chromium, molybdenum, tungsten and chromium iron alloys, tungsten-iron alloys, molybdenum-iron alloys, and high alloy steel powders used for tool steels. Can be. These wear-resistant light metals are preferably added in the range of 4 to 7%. If the amount is less than 4%, uniform distribution is difficult over the entire surface of the friction plate and segregation may occur, causing uneven wear in the friction plate. In case of adding more than 7%, the mechanical strength of the friction plate is very high, but it is not good because the wear of the friction plate increases rapidly.
또한, 본 발명에 부합되는 내마모성 경금속분말은 약 45㎛~1000㎛의 범위를 갖는 입자를 사용함이 적당하다. 상기 내마모성 경금속분말의 크기가 45㎛이하인 경우에는 오히려 습동마찰시 쉽게 분리되어 내마모성 증대 효과가 떨어지며, 1000㎛이상인 경우에는 균일한 혼합을 이루기 어려워 편석이 발생되기 쉽고 가선과의 습동마찰면이 커져 가선의 마모를 촉진시키는 한편 편석으로 인한 국부적인 마모 증대를 초래하게 되어 바람직하지 않다.In addition, the wear-resistant light metal powder according to the present invention is suitable to use particles having a range of about 45㎛ 1000㎛. When the size of the wear-resistant light metal powder is 45㎛ or less, it is rather easily separated during sliding friction, and the effect of increasing wear resistance is inferior.If it is more than 1000㎛, it is difficult to form a uniform mixture and segregation is easily generated, and the sliding friction surface with the wire becomes larger. It is not desirable to promote the wear of the metal and to cause local wear increase due to segregation.
이하, 상기와 같이 조성되는 본 발명의 집전 마찰판용 조성물을 이용한 마찰판의 제조방법에 대하여 상세하게 설명한다.Hereinafter, the manufacturing method of the friction plate using the composition for electrical power collector friction plates of this invention comprised as mentioned above is demonstrated in detail.
우선, 본 발명의 집전기 마찰판을 제조하기 위해서는 82~88%의 구리, 8~12%의 주석, 및 0.5~3%의 흑연에 내마모성 경금속을 4~7% 첨가하여 혼합하고, 이 혼합물을 가압성형한다. 이때, 성형은 통상의 가압조건, 바람직하게는 약 2.5~3.5 kgf/㎠의 압력으로 함이 좋다.First, in order to manufacture the current collector friction plate of the present invention, 4 to 7% of an abrasion resistant light metal is added to 82 to 88% of copper, 8 to 12% of tin, and 0.5 to 3% of graphite and mixed, and the mixture is pressurized. Mold. At this time, the molding may be a normal pressurized condition, preferably about 2.5 ~ 3.5 kgf / ㎠ pressure.
그 다음, 성형된 마찰판은 소결하게 되는데, 보통 고융점의 내마모성 경금속이 첨가된 경우 종래에 비해 소결온도가 높게 된다. 본 발명의 경우 약 650~850℃의 온도에서 소결함이 바람직하다. 소결온도가 650℃이하가 되면 소결이 미흡하여 마모량이 증대될 뿐만아니라 인장강도도 저하된다. 또한, 경금속의 경우 융점이 주성분인 구리보다 매우 높아 850℃이상에서 소결된 마찰판의 경우 드래깅(dragging) 현상이 생겨 바람직하지 않다.Then, the molded friction plate is sintered, and when the high melting point wear-resistant light metal is added, the sintering temperature is higher than in the prior art. In the case of the present invention, it is preferable to sinter at a temperature of about 650 ~ 850 ℃. When the sintering temperature is less than 650 ℃ sintering is not enough to increase the amount of wear as well as decrease the tensile strength. In addition, in the case of light metals, the melting point is much higher than that of copper, which is a main component, and thus, in the case of the friction plate sintered at 850 ° C. or more, dragging occurs, which is not preferable.
이렇게 얻어진 소결체는 최종적으로 전도성 기계유에 함침시키면 종래에 비하여 거의 동등한 기계적 특성을 유지하면서도 특히 내마모성이 극히 적은 마찰판을 얻을 수 있다. 구체적으로 본 발명에 의해 제조된 마찰판은 비중 7.3~7.7, 고유저항 30μΩ·cm이하, 인장강도 1500kgf/㎠ 이상, 경도(HB10/500) 40~65의 물성을 갖는다.When the sintered body thus obtained is finally impregnated with the conductive machine oil, it is possible to obtain a friction plate having particularly low wear resistance while maintaining almost the same mechanical properties as in the prior art. Specifically, the friction plate produced according to the present invention has a specific gravity of 7.3 to 7.7, a specific resistance of 30 µΩ · cm or less, a tensile strength of 1500 kgf / cm 2 or more, and a hardness (HB10 / 500) of 40 to 65.
이하, 본 발명을 실시예를 통하여 구체적으로 설명한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail through examples.
[실시예1]Example 1
표1과 같은 조성을 갖도록 각 원료들을 혼합하고, 혼합물을 약 2.5~3.5톤/㎠의 압력으로 성형한 다음, 성형물을 약 750℃에서 2시간 동안 소결하였다. 이후, 소결체의 기공에 도전성 기계유를 함침시켜 집전기용 마찰판을 제조하고, 제조된 각 마찰판에 대하여 비중, 고유저항, 인장강도, 경도 및 마모성 등의 물성을 측정하여 표1에 그 결과를 나타내었다. 이때, 마모성 시험은 접촉압력을 10kg/㎠, 전류 200A, 속도 500m/min의 조건으로 행하였다. 또, 표1에서 크롬의 평균입자크기는 약 125㎛인 것을 사용하였다.Each raw material was mixed to have a composition as shown in Table 1, and the mixture was molded at a pressure of about 2.5 to 3.5 tons / cm 2, and the molded product was sintered at about 750 ° C. for 2 hours. Thereafter, the pores of the sintered body were impregnated with conductive machine oil to prepare a current collector friction plate, and the physical properties such as specific gravity, specific resistance, tensile strength, hardness, and wearability of the friction plates were measured, and the results are shown in Table 1. At this time, the abrasion test was performed under conditions of a contact pressure of 10 kg / cm 2, a current of 200 A, and a speed of 500 m / min. In Table 1, an average particle size of chromium was used.
표1에 나타난 바와 같이, 발명예(1,2)는 종래예(1,2)에 비하여 인장강도나 경도가 낮음에도 불구하고, 크롬이 첨가되므로써 마찰판의 마모가 약 40%로 줄어든다는 것을 알 수 있다.As shown in Table 1, the inventive examples (1, 2) show that the wear of the friction plate is reduced to about 40% by the addition of chromium, although the tensile strength and hardness are lower than those of the prior art (1,2). Can be.
[실시예2]Example 2
표2와 같이, 크롬을 몰리브덴과 텅스텐을 각각 대체 첨가한 것을 제외하고는 실시예1과 동일한 조건으로 마찰판을 제조하고, 각 마찰판에 대하여 물성을 측정하여 그 결과를 표2에 나타내었다.As shown in Table 2, except that chromium was replaced by molybdenum and tungsten, friction plates were prepared under the same conditions as in Example 1, and physical properties of the friction plates were measured, and the results are shown in Table 2.
표2에 나타난 바와 같이, 크롬 대신 몰리브덴이나 텅스텐을 첨가한 발명예(3~6)의 경우 크롬을 첨가했을 때와 마찬가지로 마찰판의 마모가 약 40%로 줄어든다는 동일한 효과를 보임을 알 수 있다.As shown in Table 2, the invention examples (3-6) in which molybdenum or tungsten was added instead of chromium showed the same effect that the wear of the friction plate was reduced to about 40% as in the case of adding chromium.
[실시예3]Example 3
크롬의 입자크기를 약 40~1500㎛의 범위로 변화시킨 것을 제외하고는 실시예1과 동일한 조건으로 마찰판을 제조하고, 각 마찰판에 대하여 물성을 측정하여 그 결과를 표3에 나타내었다.Except for changing the particle size of the chromium in the range of about 40 ~ 1500㎛ a friction plate was prepared under the same conditions as in Example 1, and the physical properties for each friction plate was measured and the results are shown in Table 3.
표3에 나타난 바와 같이, 내마모성 경금속의 입자가 본 발명의 조건범위를 벗어나는 경우 비교예(1,2)와 같이, 내마모성 경금속이 첨가되더라도 오히려 인장강도가 저하되고, 마모량이 크게 증가함을 알 수 있다.As shown in Table 3, when the particles of the wear-resistant light metal are out of the condition range of the present invention, as shown in Comparative Examples (1, 2), even if the wear-resistant light metal is added, the tensile strength is lowered, and the wear amount is greatly increased. have.
[실시예4]Example 4
소결온도를 약 600~900℃의 범위로 변화시킨 것을 제외하고는 실시예1과 동일한 조건으로 마찰판을 제조하고, 각 마찰판에 대하여 물성을 측정하여 그 결과를 표4에 나타내었다.Except for changing the sintering temperature in the range of about 600 ~ 900 ℃ to produce a friction plate under the same conditions as in Example 1, measured the physical properties for each friction plate and the results are shown in Table 4.
표4에 나타난 바와 같이, 본 발명에 부합되는 적정 온도범위를 벗어난 상태에서 소결된 마찰판인 비교예(3,4)의 경우 발명예(1)에 비하여 인장강도가 저하되고, 마모량이 크게 증가함을 알 수 있다.As shown in Table 4, in the case of Comparative Examples (3,4), which are friction plates sintered out of an appropriate temperature range in accordance with the present invention, tensile strength is lowered and wear is greatly increased as compared with Inventive Example (1). It can be seen.
상술한 바와 같이, 본 발명에 의해 제공된 집전 마찰판용 조성물을 이용하면 기존의 집전 마찰판에 비하여 제특성이 열화되지 않으면서도 내마모성이 크게 향상되어 집전 마찰판의 수명을 증대시킬 수 있는 효과가 있다.As described above, when the composition for the current collector friction plate provided by the present invention is used, wear resistance is greatly improved without deterioration in characteristics compared to the existing current collector friction plate, thereby increasing the life of the current collector friction plate.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1019980046819A KR100290315B1 (en) | 1998-11-02 | 1998-11-02 | Composition for current collector friction plate and method of manufacturing friction plate using same |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1019980046819A KR100290315B1 (en) | 1998-11-02 | 1998-11-02 | Composition for current collector friction plate and method of manufacturing friction plate using same |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| KR20000031027A KR20000031027A (en) | 2000-06-05 |
| KR100290315B1 true KR100290315B1 (en) | 2001-06-01 |
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| KR1019980046819A KR100290315B1 (en) | 1998-11-02 | 1998-11-02 | Composition for current collector friction plate and method of manufacturing friction plate using same |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100442125B1 (en) * | 2001-12-10 | 2004-07-30 | 한국전기연구원 | A composition for Current Collector material |
| KR100442693B1 (en) * | 2001-12-10 | 2004-08-02 | 주식회사 피스코 | A composition of Current Collector material without Pb |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100733069B1 (en) * | 2005-05-30 | 2007-06-27 | 서울메트로 | A friction plate in pantograph for electric rail car and its manufacturing mathod |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS55119144A (en) * | 1979-03-09 | 1980-09-12 | Mitsubishi Metal Corp | Porous cu-sn base sintered composite material containing solid lubricating agent |
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1998
- 1998-11-02 KR KR1019980046819A patent/KR100290315B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS55119144A (en) * | 1979-03-09 | 1980-09-12 | Mitsubishi Metal Corp | Porous cu-sn base sintered composite material containing solid lubricating agent |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100442125B1 (en) * | 2001-12-10 | 2004-07-30 | 한국전기연구원 | A composition for Current Collector material |
| KR100442693B1 (en) * | 2001-12-10 | 2004-08-02 | 주식회사 피스코 | A composition of Current Collector material without Pb |
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| KR20000031027A (en) | 2000-06-05 |
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