JPH05316896A - Milking system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a milking system capable of avoiding malsqueezed modes while automatically stopping milking for milking means. CONSTITUTION:The objective system is provided with (A) plural milking stopping means 20 to actuate so as to stop milking separately for respective plural milking means 1 and (B) plural detective means 17,18,19 to detect milking levels per unit time for the respective means 1. Besides, a control means 21 is provided to actuate the means 20 so as to stop milking for the means 1 corresponding to the detective means 17,18,19 detected the milking levels per unit time below a set value, based on the information from such detective means 17,18,19. Furthermore, an alarm means 22 is provided to make an alarm actuation on stopping the whole milking operation for the means 1.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a milking apparatus provided with a plurality of milking means for individually milking a plurality of udders of a dairy cow.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in such a milking apparatus, when the milking of the milking means is stopped, the operator observes the flow rate of milk to be milked by each of the plurality of milking means while When observing that the flow rate of milk to be milked by any one of the milking means has decreased, the operator manually stops all milking of the plurality of milking means.

[0003]

However, the above-mentioned conventional milking apparatus has a problem that the work of the operator for stopping the milking of the milking means is very complicated.

Further, the amount of milk that can be milked from each of a plurality of udders of a dairy cow by one milking operation is different for each udder. However, conventionally, among the plurality of milking means, when the flow rate of the milk to be milked by one of the milking means becomes small, the milking of all the milking means is stopped,
Among the plurality of breasts, the breasts other than the one in which the milk flow volume that has been milked by the milking means has decreased become milking stopped even though the milk still remains, so the milk is left unpressed, and If a person delays the discovery of a decrease in milk flow for some reason or delays the stoppage of milking, the milking will continue even though there is no milk in the breast, resulting in an empty milking state. There was a problem that the state of being left behind or being squeezed contributes to mastitis.

Incidentally, it is conceivable that a milking means is provided and a timer means is arranged to operate so as to stop the milking of all of the plurality of milking means when the set milking time has elapsed. Although it can automatically stop milking, it cannot avoid leaving unmilked or empty milk.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a milking apparatus capable of automatically stopping the milking of the milking means and avoiding the unmilking state or the empty milking state. There is a point to do.

[0007]

A first characteristic configuration of a milking apparatus according to the present invention is a plurality of milking stopping means which operates so as to stop milking each of the plurality of milking means, and the plurality of milking means. A plurality of detecting means for detecting the milking amount per unit time in each are provided, and based on the detection information of the plurality of detecting means, the detecting means that detects the milking amount per unit time of a set value or less is supported. There is provided a control means for operating the milking stopping means so as to stop the milking of the milking means. A second characteristic configuration is that an alarm means is provided that activates an alarm when milking of all of the plurality of milking means is stopped.

[0008]

According to the first characteristic configuration, each of the plurality of detecting means detects the milking amount per unit time in each of the plurality of milking means, and based on the detection information of the plurality of detecting means, the control means , A milking means corresponding to the detecting means detecting the milking amount per unit time below the set value, that is, the detecting means detecting that the amount of milk remaining in the breast has decreased and the milking should be stopped Stop milking.
That is, milking can be automatically stopped sequentially from the milking means corresponding to the breast that has reached a state where milking should be stopped.

According to the second characteristic constitution, it is possible to know from the alarm that the milking of all of the plurality of milking means has stopped.

[0010]

According to the first characteristic configuration, the milking means corresponding to the breast that has reached the state where the milking should be stopped, in order,
Milking can be automatically stopped, and as a result, it is possible to provide a milking apparatus that can automatically stop milking of the milking means while avoiding the unmilking state or the empty milking state.

According to the second characteristic constitution, the milking means can be detached from the udder of the dairy cow and attached to the udder of the next dairy cow in good timing, and the working efficiency of the milking work is improved. I got it.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First, the overall configuration of the milking apparatus will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.

Reference numeral 1 in the drawing denotes a teat cup as a milking means which is mounted on the udder 2 of a dairy cow to express milk, and four teat cups are provided so as to separately milk from each of the four udders 2 of the dairy cow. It is equipped with 1. As shown in FIG. 3, the teat cup 1 includes an outer tubular body 1A made of a hard material, an inner tubular body 1B made of a soft material such as rubber, and an inner tubular body 1B at one end side thereof. Is inserted into the one end side opening of the outer tubular body 1A and the inserted part is in an airtight state, and the other end side opening of the inner tubular body 1B and the other end side opening of the outer tubular body 1A. The interior is installed in a state where the parts are connected in an airtight state.

Then, as shown in FIG. 3, the inner cylindrical body 1
Mounting hole 1C of the teat cup 1 formed by the opening of B
Is attached to the teat 2A of the breast 2 and is connected to the milk short tube 3 in a state of communicating with the inner chamber 1a formed by the teat 2A and the inner tubular body 1B, and the outer tubular body 1A. The short pipe 4 for air is connected in a state of communicating with the outer chamber 1b formed between the inner cylindrical body 1B and the inner cylindrical body 1B.

Claws 5 allow four teat cups 1
Each of the four short milk tubes 3 from each of them is connected in communication with one long long tube 6 of milk, and the four short tubes 4 of air from each of the four teat cups 1 are one air. It is in a state of being connected for communication with the long pipe 7.

The long milk pipe 6 is connected to a milk pipeline 8, and the milk pipeline 8 includes a milk receiving container 9, a sanitary trap 10, a pressure regulator 11 and a vacuum tank 1.
It is connected to the vacuum pump 13 via each of the two. still,
The milk receiving container 9 stores the milk expressed by the teat cup 1, and the sanitary trap 10 collects the milk.
It is provided to prevent the flow from the pressure regulator 11 to the pressure regulator 11.

The long pipe 7 for air is connected to an air pipeline 15 via an electromagnetic pulsator 14, and the air pipeline 15 has a sanitary trap 10, a pressure regulator 11, and A vacuum pump 13 is connected to each of the vacuum tanks 12. The electromagnetic pulsator 14 is connected to both sides of the long air pipe 7 connected to the pulsator 14 by an electric signal for control from the outside, and the air length connected to the pulsator 14 is connected. The tube 7 is operated so as to be periodically switched to an atmosphere open state in which the claw 5 side portion of the tube 7 is opened to the atmosphere. That is,
By operating the pulsator 14 in the connected state, the outer chamber 1b of the teat cup 1 is connected to the vacuum pump 13 to be in a vacuum state, and by operating the pulsator 14 in the atmosphere open state, the outer chamber 1b of the teat cup 1 is It is opened to the atmosphere and becomes atmospheric pressure. Reference numeral 16 denotes a milk pump for discharging the milk in the milk receiving container 9 to the outside.

A plurality of milking units U composed of the teat cup 1, the milk short tube 3, the air short tube 4, the claw 5, the milk long tube 6, the air long tube 7 and the pulsator 14 are provided. , Is connected to the milk pipeline 8 and the air pipeline 15 so that milk can be milked simultaneously from a plurality of cows.

Next, based on FIG. 3, the teat cup 1
A method of milking the milk from the udder 2 of the dairy cow will be described below.

Each of the inner chambers 1a of the four teat cups 1 has a short milk tube 3, a claw 5, a long milk tube 6, a milk pipeline 8, a milk receiving container 9, a sanitary trap 10,
Each of the outer chambers 1b of the four teat cups 1 is connected to a vacuum pump 13 via a pressure regulator 11 and a vacuum tank 12, and each of the four teat cups 1 has an air short pipe 4, a claw 5, and an air long pipe 7, Pulsator 14, pipeline 15 for air, sanitary trap 10, pressure regulator 11, and vacuum tank 12
The vacuum pump 13 is connected via each of them.

Therefore, with the mounting opening 1C of the teat cup 1 mounted on the teat 2A of the breast 2, the teat cup 1
A vacuum state is always introduced to the inner chamber 1a of the inner chamber 1a, while the outer chamber 1b of the teat cup 1 is periodically switched by the pulsator 14 between a vacuum state having substantially the same degree of vacuum as the inner chamber 1a and an atmospheric pressure state. Is done. That is, when the outer chamber 1b is in a vacuum state, the inner chamber 1a and the outer chamber 1b have almost the same pressure, and as shown in FIG. Therefore, the vacuum of the inner chamber 1a acts on the teat 2A to suck the milk, while the outer chamber 1a
When b is in the atmospheric pressure state, the pressure in the outer chamber 1b becomes higher than that in the inner chamber 1a, and the inner cylindrical body 1B is crushed as shown in FIG. Nipple 2
The inner tubular body 1B is pressed against the teat 2A and the teat 2A is pressed without acting on A and sucking out milk. Therefore, the milk is sucked out of the nipple 2A intermittently and the milk is sucked intermittently from the udder 2 by periodically repeating the state of sucking the milk from the nipple 2A and the state of pressing the nipple 2A.

As described above, the milk expressed by each of the four teat cups 1 flows through each of the four milk short tubes 3 and flows into the milk long tube 6 while gathering at one place in the claw 5. Then, it flows through the milk long pipe 6 and flows into the milk pipeline 8, and then flows through the milk pipeline 8 and flows into the milk receiving container 9.

Next, a structure for stopping milking of the teat cup 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

Reference numeral 17 in the drawing denotes a light emitting portion 17A and a light receiving portion 17
B is a light sensor provided with B, and 18 is an optical fiber light emitter that guides the light from the light emitting portion 17A of the light sensor 17 and projects the light into the milk short tube 3 while traversing the inside of the milk short tube 3. Reference numeral 19 denotes a light guide for light, which is an optical fiber light guide for receiving the light projected from the light guide 18 and guiding it to the light receiving portion 17B of the optical sensor 17. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the end surface 18 of the light projecting light guide 18 is
One end of the light projecting light guide 18 is inserted into the tube wall of the milk short tube 3 with a facing the inside of the milk short tube 3, while the end face 19a of the light receiving light guide 19 is One end of the light receiving light guide 19 is inserted in the tube wall of the milk short tube 3 while facing the inside of the milk short tube 3 and facing the end surface 18a of the light projecting light guide 18.

That is, as the flow rate of milk flowing through the milk short tube 3 (that is, the amount of milk expressed in the teat cup 1 per unit time) changes, the light is projected from the end surface 18a of the light projecting light guide 18. Since the amount of transmitted light of the received light changes, the amount of light guided to the light receiving light guide 19 and received by the light receiving unit 17B changes, and the amount of light received from the light receiving unit 17B changes.
That is, the output signal according to the change in the milking amount per unit time in the teat cup 1 is output. That is, the change in the milking amount per unit time in the teat cup 1,
The detection is performed based on the change in the amount of light received by the light receiving unit 17B. That is, the optical sensor 17, the light projecting light guide 18, and the light receiving light guide 19 are configured to function as detection means for detecting the amount of milk expressed in the teat cup 1 per unit time. Then, the detecting means configured as described above is provided with four teat cups 1.
It is provided for each.

An electromagnetic valve 20 is provided in each of the short pipes 4 for air. The electromagnetic short pipes 4 are connected to the solenoid valves 20 by an electric control signal from the outside. Are operated in a contradictory manner such that both side portions are connected to each other and the teat cup 1 side portion of the short air pipe 4 connected to the solenoid valve 20 is open to the atmosphere. That is,
By operating the solenoid valve 20 in the connected state, the outer chamber 1b of the teat cup 1 is in a state of being connected to the pulsator 14, that is, a state of milking the teat cup 1 while the solenoid valve 20 is open to the atmosphere. By operating the teat cup 1 in the state, the outer chamber 1b of the teat cup 1 is disconnected from the pulsator 14 and is always in the atmospheric pressure state, that is, the teat cup 1 is always in the state shown in FIG. As a result, milking of the teat cup 1 is stopped. That is, the solenoid valve 20 functions as a milking stop means that operates to stop milking the teat cup 1.

Reference numeral 21 operates the pulsator 14 so as to periodically switch between the connected state and the atmosphere open state as described above, and based on the detection information of the four detecting means, a unit time equal to or less than the set value. The control device is a control unit that operates the electromagnetic valve 20 to stop the milking of the teat cup 1 corresponding to the detecting unit that has detected the amount of milking per hit. Hereinafter, control by the control device 21 will be described.

That is, the control device 21 controls the four solenoid valves 20.
Each of them is operated in the connected state, and at a predetermined cycle, the pulsator 14 is operated so as to switch between the connected state and the atmosphere open state. That is, milk is separately milked from each of the four breasts of the dairy cow and each of the four teat cups.
In this case, as described above, the milk is sucked out from the nipple 2A and the state in which the nipple 2A is pressed are repeated at the above-mentioned predetermined cycle, whereby milk is intermittently milked from the breast 2. Each of the tubes 3 is in a state in which milk flows and a state in which milk does not flow in the predetermined cycle.

Then, the controller 21 controls the pulsator 14
The output signals from each of the four light receiving units 17B are compared with a predetermined set value in synchronization with a period in which is operated in a connected state (that is, a period in which milk flows in the milk short tube 3). , The solenoid valve 20 corresponding to the teat cup 1 so as to stop the milking of the teat cup 1 corresponding to the light receiving portion 17B in which the output signal becomes equal to or less than the predetermined set value.
Is switched from the connected state to the atmosphere open state and operated. In other words, from the breast 2 in which the amount of milk per unit time detected by the detecting means becomes equal to or less than the predetermined set value, the amount of milk remaining in the breast becomes small, and the milking should be stopped. The milking of the teat cup 1 to be milked is stopped.

Then, the controller 21 controls the four solenoid valves 2
A lamp 2 as an alarming means for alarming when all 0s are switched from the connected state to the atmosphere open state to stop milking of all four teat cups 1
Turn on 2.

[Other Embodiments] Next, other embodiments will be listed.

As a configuration for detecting that the milking amount per unit time is equal to or less than a predetermined set value, in the above-described embodiment, the period during which the pulsator 14 is operated in the connected state (that is, milk is short for milk) is used. (Period flowing through pipe 3)
In synchronism with the above, the output signal from the light receiving unit 17B is compared with the predetermined set value, and based on the output signal being equal to or less than the predetermined set value, the milking amount per unit time is set to the predetermined value. Although the case where it is configured to detect that it becomes less than or equal to the set value of is exemplified, instead of this, the light receiving unit 1
From the time when the output signal from 7B becomes more than or equal to the predetermined set value to less than the predetermined set value, a predetermined time (for example, pulsator 14
Based on the fact that the output signal from the light receiving unit 17B does not exceed the predetermined set value even after the elapse of a time period corresponding to the switching period between the connection state and the atmosphere open state
It may be configured to detect that the milking amount per unit time is equal to or less than the predetermined set value.

The alarm means 22 may not be provided.

In the above embodiment, the case where the lamp is applied as the alarm means 22 has been illustrated, but in addition to this, various kinds of application as the alarm means 22 are possible, for example, a buzzer may be used. In the above-mentioned embodiment, the light from the light emitting portion 17A is guided by the light projecting light guide 18 to be projected into the milk short tube 3 while traversing the inside of the milk short tube 3, and from the light projecting light guide 18. The projected light is received by the light receiving light guide 19 and the optical sensor 1
However, instead of this, the light emitting portion 17A of the optical sensor 17 is replaced by the light emitting portion 17A.
Is inserted into the tube wall of the milk short tube 3 so as to project into the milk short tube 3 in such a manner as to traverse the milk short tube 3 inside, and , The light receiving part 1 of the optical sensor 17
7B may be inserted in the tube wall of the short milk tube 3 so as to receive the light from the light emitting section 17A so as to face the inside of the short milk tube 3 and face the light emitting section 17A. .

It should be noted that reference numerals are added to the claims for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the structures of the accompanying drawings by the entry.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of essential parts of a milking apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the mounting structure of the detecting means in the milking apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view for explaining a milking action in the milking device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an overall configuration diagram of a milking device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Milking Means 17, 18, 19 Detecting Means 20 Milking Stopping Means 21 Control Means 22 Alarm Means

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A milking device provided with a plurality of milking means (1) for separately milking milk from each of a plurality of udders of a dairy cow, wherein milking is stopped individually for each of the plurality of milking means (1). A plurality of milking stopping means (20) that operate in this manner, and a plurality of detecting means (17), (18), (1) that detect the milking amount per unit time in each of the plurality of milking means (1).
9) and a plurality of detection means (17),
Based on the detection information of (18) and (19), the detection means (1) that detects the milking amount per unit time that is less than or equal to a set value
7), (18), (19) corresponding to the milking stopping means (2) for stopping the milking of the milking means (1)
0) a milking device provided with a control means (21) for operating. 2. An alarm means (22) for alarming when milking of all of the plurality of milking means (1) is stopped.
The milking device according to claim 1, wherein the milking device is provided.