JPH05309290A - Explosionproof type crushing machine and structure for combining crushing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the crushing machine which can surely prevent the explosion accident by firing of combustible gases. CONSTITUTION:A gas supply passage 30 to which steam is supplied is provided in a main spindle 18 connected with hammers 24, 25 for crushing and plural gas ejection ports 33 are provided on the surface of the main spindle 18. The combustible gases and oxygen are expelled from near the hammers 24, 25 for executing the crushing and the main spindle 18 by blowing the steam from the main spindle 18, by which the firing of the combustible gases is prohibited.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a crusher having an explosion-proof structure and a combined structure of the crusher for explosion-proof using the crusher.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When gas cylinders, petroleum cans, etc. are mixed in the coarse refuse to be crushed, combustible gas leaked from the gas cylinders etc. in the crushing work of the crusher fills the crushing chamber and fills the gas. An explosion accident may occur due to ignition of sparks caused by collision between a crushing hammer and iron.

In order to deal with such an explosion accident, Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-13220 discloses a suction device in which a noren and a non-oxygen gas curtain are provided at the entrance and the exit of the crusher, and an exhaust fan is connected to the outside of the noren. A crusher has been proposed that has a mouth and expels flammable gas from the inside of the crusher by using non-oxygen gas to prevent explosion.

[0004]

However, in the crusher proposed above, non-oxygen gas is blown from the inlet and the outlet of the crusher far from the processing position of the crushing hammer to fill the inside of the crusher with combustible gas. Since it is a method of expelling flammable gas, flammable gas may remain in the vicinity of the hammer and its main shaft, which have the highest risk of explosion. Therefore, when a gas cylinder or the like is crushed by a hammer and a spark is generated, the remaining combustible gas is ignited, which may cause an explosion.

Further, in the structure in which the non-oxygen gas is exhausted through the suction port provided outside the crusher, the flow of the non-oxygen gas is short-circuited to the suction port, and the inside of the crusher is sufficiently filled with the non-oxygen gas. It may not be done.

Therefore, a first object of the present invention is to provide a crusher which can expel combustible gas from the vicinity of a hammer or a main shaft for crushing and reliably prevent an explosion accident.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a structure capable of more reliably preventing an explosion-proof accident by combining a plurality of crushers.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above first object, the crusher of the present invention has a passage connected to a supply source of non-oxygen gas or water vapor inside a main shaft to which a crushing hammer is connected. The structure is provided such that a gas injection port communicating with the supply passage is formed on the surface of the main shaft.

In the above structure, it is preferable to provide an exhaust port connected to an air suction device at the inlet and outlet of the crushing chamber equipped with the main shaft.

Further, in order to achieve the second object, according to the present invention, a coarse crusher having a main shaft rotating at a low speed is connected to a crusher having the above-mentioned structure via a conveyor, and the crusher of the coarse crusher is crushed. A water injector for injecting water is provided in the chamber, and the object to be crushed is roughly crushed by the coarse crusher and then supplied to the above crusher for crushing.

[0011]

In the above crusher, non-oxygen gas or water vapor is ejected from the surface of the main shaft rotating at high speed, and expells the combustible gas and oxygen from the main shaft and the vicinity of the hammer. Is prevented.

Further, if exhaust ports are provided at the entrance and the exit of the crushing chamber, the combustible gas expelled from the vicinity of the main shaft is discharged through the exhaust port, and the residual of the combustible gas inside the crushing chamber is surely eliminated. You can

On the other hand, in the combined structure of the crusher, in the coarse crusher, the main shaft (hammer) is rotated at a low speed so as not to generate sparks to roughly crush the gas cylinder or the like and release the flammable gas inside the gas cylinder. This released gas is
While transporting the crushed material on the transport conveyor, it is scattered outside,
The crusher is supplied with a crushed material containing almost no combustible gas, and the main crushing is performed.

[0014]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 shows a crushing structure in which two crushers are combined for explosion protection. In the figure, 1 is a coarse crusher, 2 is a main crusher, and both crushers 1, 2 are connected by a conveyor 3.

The coarse crusher 1 is provided with a casing 5 forming a crushing chamber 4, and inside the crushing chamber 4, a pair of crushing rotors 6 and 7 are vertically arranged. The crushing rotors 6 and 7 are driven to rotate in opposite directions at a low speed, and the object A to be crushed from the inlet 8 of the crushing chamber 4 is roughly crushed between the crushing rotors 6 and 7. , And is discharged from the outlet 9 onto the conveyor 3.

A water injection port 10 for injecting water is formed in the upper part of the crushing chamber 4 in front of each crushing rotor 6, 7.
An exhaust port 12 connected to an air suction device 11 is formed behind each of the crushing rotors 6 and 7. Reference numeral 13 is a discharge gate for discharging the crushable material A when the supply amount of the crushable material A exceeds the crushing capacity of the crushing rotors 6 and 7.

On the other hand, the present crusher 2 is provided with a casing 15 forming a crushing chamber 14, a pair of feed rolls 17, 17 is provided inside a supply duct 16 provided on the front side of the casing 15, and a conveyor 3 is provided. The material A to be crushed is supplied to the inside of the crushing chamber 14 in sequence.

Inside the crushing chamber 14 is shown in FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 1, the main shaft 18 is rotatably supported via bearings 19, 19, and the joint 2 is attached to one end of the main shaft 18.
The drive shaft 21 of the prime mover is connected via 0. A plurality of spacer rings 22 and collar rings 23 are alternately attached to the outer peripheral surface of the main shaft 18 in the longitudinal direction of the main shaft 18, and a bell-shaped impact hammer 24 and ring hammer 25 are provided on the outer periphery of the spacer ring 22. Installed.

The hammers 24 and 25 are provided with a plurality of connecting shafts 26 at predetermined intervals on the outer circumference of the spacer ring 22, and the connecting shafts 26 are attached to the central holes 2 of the hammers 24 and 25.
6 and 27 are attached so as to be swingable, and when rotated at a high speed together with the main shaft 18, the object A to be crushed is broken or sheared between it and a lower grade 29 provided in the lower portion of the crushing chamber 14. The object A to be crushed is crushed to a predetermined size.

A gas supply passage 30 is formed inside the main shaft 18 along the central axis thereof, and one end of the gas supply passage 30 is provided with a rotary joint 31 attached to an end of the main shaft 18. It is connected to a steam supply device (not shown). Further, a plurality of ejection passages 32 extending in the radial direction from the gas supply passage 30 are formed inside the main shaft 18 and the collar ring 23, and a gas ejection port 33 communicating with each ejection passage 32 is formed on the surface of the collar ring 23. Are formed.

Further, the supply duct 1 of the casing 15
Exhaust ports 34 and 35 connected to the air suction device 11 are formed on the rear surface of the crushing chamber 6 and the crushing chamber 14, respectively.

Further, a discharge port 36 opening downward is formed in the lower portion of the crushing chamber 14, and below the discharge port 36,
A vibration conveyor 37 and a discharge conveyor 38 are arranged.

2 and 3, 39 is an upper grade for discharging the crushed material A wound by the hammers 24 and 25, and 40 is a discharge gate for discharging an excessive crushed material.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of TV cameras 41 are provided on the front side of the coarse crusher 1 and above the conveyor 3.
Has been installed to monitor dangerous substances mixed in the crushed material.

This embodiment has the above-mentioned structure, and its operation will be described below. The material A to be crushed is first put into the coarse crusher 1 and roughly crushed. In this case, the crushing rotors 6 and 7 of the coarse crusher 1 are rotationally driven at a low speed that does not generate sparks due to collision with the object to be crushed, and a cooling action by water injection is added to this to cause ignition. The crushed material A is roughly crushed at such a low temperature. As a result, gas mash, petroleum can, or the like mixed in the crushed material A has a hole formed on the surface without causing an explosion phenomenon, and the flammable gas inside is released to the outside.

The released combustible gas is used for the coarse crusher 1.
It is discharged from the exhaust port 12 provided at the same time and is scattered to the outside while being transported on the transport conveyor 3 toward the main crusher 2. In order to sufficiently obtain such a flammable gas scattering action, it is preferable to provide a distance of 10 m or more between the coarse crusher 1 and the main crusher 2.

On the other hand, in the crusher 2, the main shaft 18 rotates at high speed, and water vapor is jetted from the surface of the main shaft 18. The ejected water vapor is blown toward the hammers 24 and 25 and the outside thereof by the centrifugal fan effect of the spacer ring 22 and the hammers 24 and 25 which rotate at high speed, and the combustible gas in the vicinity of the hammers 24 and 25 and the main shaft 18 is discharged. Drive out oxygen. Then, the expelled combustible gas and oxygen are discharged to the outside through the inlet of the crushing chamber 14 and the exhaust ports 34 and 35 provided at the rear part, and the inside of the crushing chamber 14 is filled with water vapor and becomes anoxic. ..

When the object A to be crushed is introduced into the main crusher 2 from which the combustible gas has been discharged in this manner, the object A to be crushed is inserted between the hammers 24 and 25 rotating at high speed and the lower grade 29.
Is finely crushed and sent to the next work process via the vibration conveyor 37 and the like.

On the other hand, if a gas cylinder or the like that has not been roughly crushed is mixed in the crushed object A to be charged, the hammers 24 and 25 for crushing and the vicinity of the main shaft 18 are oxygen-free by the steam injected from the main shaft. Since it is in the state, the flammable gas released from the gas cylinder etc. does not ignite, and an explosion accident is prevented. Further, the combustible gas released from the inside of the gas cylinder or the like is instantaneously driven out of the crushing position by the steam blown from the main shaft 18, so that the gas does not ignite and the explosion is surely prevented.

As described above, in the crushing system of the embodiment,
The object to be crushed is roughly crushed to release combustible gas such as a gas cylinder, and the object to be crushed is put into the crusher with the content of the combustible gas being reduced. Since the crushing is performed in the oxygen state, it is possible to reliably prevent an explosion accident and perform a safe crushing work.

In the above embodiment, the coarse crusher 1
Is omitted and the object A to be crushed is directly charged into the crusher 2,
Since the oxygen causing the flammable action of the gas is completely driven out by the water vapor filling the inside of the shredder 2, the explosion phenomenon can be reliably prevented.

Further, in the above example, the steam is jetted from the main shaft 18, but even if a non-oxygen gas such as nitrogen gas or carbon dioxide gas is jetted from the main shaft, the same explosion-proof effect as described above can be obtained. it can.

[0033]

As described above, in the crusher of the present invention, non-oxygen gas or water vapor is blown from the main shaft to which the hammer is connected, so that flammable gas and oxygen can be expelled from the vicinity of the hammer and main shaft for crushing. , It is possible to reliably prevent an explosion accident.

Further, in the crusher combination structure of the present invention, the crushed object is roughly crushed to release the combustible gas such as a gas cylinder, and the main crushing is performed in a state where the content of the combustible gas is reduced, so that an explosion occurs. Accidents can be more reliably prevented, and safe crushing work can be performed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional front view showing a crushing system in which crushers of Examples are combined.

FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional front view showing an enlarged view of the above crusher.

[Fig. 3] Partial longitudinal side view of the same crusher as above.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 coarse crusher 2 crusher 3 transport conveyor 4 crushing chamber 6, 7 crushing rotor 10 water injection port 14 crushing chamber 18 main shaft 24, 25 hammer 30 gas supply passage 33 gas injection port 34, 35 exhaust port A crushed object

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An explosion-proof structure in which a passage connected to a supply source of non-oxygen gas or water vapor is provided inside a main shaft to which a crushing hammer is connected, and a gas injection port communicating with the supply passage is formed on the surface of the main shaft. Shape crusher. 2. The explosion-proof crusher according to claim 1, wherein an exhaust port connected to an air suction device is provided at an inlet and an outlet of the crushing chamber having the main shaft. 3. The crusher according to claim 1 or 2,
A coarse crusher whose main shaft rotates at a low speed is connected via a conveyor, and a water injector for injecting water is provided in the crushing chamber of this coarse crusher. A combination structure of explosion-proof crushers configured to be supplied to the machine and crushed.