JPH0530768A - Control amount limiter for motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simplify a control amount limiter for a motor to so control as not to operate the motor over a range of a predetermined rotating angle without providing a resistor, etc., for absorbing a counterelectromotive force of the motor which has been heretofore necessary. CONSTITUTION:Switch means 41A, 41B are so composed as to be tuned OFF when a rotating angle of a motor 31 reaches a predetermined rotary angle. In such a circuit, when Tr2, Tr4 are tuned ON and the means 41B is, for example, turned OFF during energization of the motor 31, the motor 31 is short- circuited through a ground and a capacitor C4, and immediately stopped. If the Tr2, the Tr4 are turned OFF and Tr1, Tr3 are turned ON from this state, a current flowing to the motor flows to the ground side through the switch means which was turned OFF, and the motor is started to be reversely rotated.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a motor control amount limiting device, and more particularly to a motor control amount limiting device for controlling a motor so that it does not operate beyond a predetermined rotation angle range.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Some continuously variable transmissions applied to motorcycles, automobiles, etc. determine a gear ratio by controlling a gear ratio adjusting device using a DC motor. In this case, the motor has an upper limit and a lower limit (that is, top and low) of the adjustment range so that the motor does not operate beyond the transmission ratio adjustment range by the transmission ratio adjusting device.
It must be configured to stop spinning as soon as it reaches. Such a gear ratio adjusting device is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 51-47182.

By the way, the gear ratio adjusting device is provided with switch means for switching the contacts when the gear ratio becomes top and low, and the power supply circuit of the motor is cut off by using the switch means. A motor control amount limiting device has also been proposed.

FIG. 14 is a circuit diagram of an example of a conventional motor control amount limiting device. In the figure, the switching element T
r1 to Tr4 form a bridge circuit to drive the motor M, and are connected between the battery and the ground.
At the middle point, switch means (micro switch)
The motor M is connected via SW1 and SW2.
The switch means SW1 and SW2 are configured to be turned off when the gear ratio controlled by the motor M becomes low and top, respectively. Also, the resistance R1
Are connected in parallel with the motor M.

In this circuit, for example, the switching element T
When r1 and the switching element Tr3 are turned on and current flows in the direction of arrow A, the motor M rotates in a predetermined direction. Then, when the gear ratio reaches the top, for example, and the switch means SW2 is turned off, the counter electromotive force generated in the motor M is consumed by the resistor R1, and the motor M is rapidly stopped.

In this state, the switching element Tr1
When the switching element Tr2 and the switching element Tr4 are turned on after turning off the switching element Tr3 and the switching element Tr3, a current flows in the direction of the arrow B through the diode D2, the motor M and the switching means SW1, and the motor M reverses and the switch The means SW2 is turned on again. Then, when the gear ratio becomes low and the switch means SW1 is turned off this time, the counter electromotive force generated in the motor M is consumed by the resistor R1 and the motor M is rapidly stopped, as described above.

In this state, the switching element Tr2
When the switching element Tr1 and the switching element Tr3 are turned on again after turning off the switching element Tr4 and the switching element Tr4, a current flows in the direction of arrow A through the diode D1, the motor M and the switch means SW2. Then, after the rotation of the motor M is started, the switch means SW1 is turned on.

By the way, in this circuit, the resistor R1 for absorbing the back electromotive force of the motor M is connected in parallel with the motor M, so that the current always flows through the resistor R1 as a result, and as a result, the motor control amount limiting device of the present invention is operated. High power consumption.

The circuit shown in FIG. 15 solves this drawback. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those in FIG.
Represents the same or equivalent part. As shown, in this circuit, there are two resistors (R1 and R2), and each of them is connected in parallel to the motor M only when the switch means SW1 and the switch means SW2 are turned off.

[0010]

In the circuit shown in FIG. 15, in order to absorb the counter electromotive force of the motor M, two resistors for high power are required, and the switch means SW1 and S1.
Since two diodes for energizing the motor (diodes for high power) must be used immediately after W2 is turned off, the configuration of the motor control amount limiting device becomes large,
And it gets complicated. Further, as described above, the circuit shown in FIG. 14 requires only one resistor, but consumes a large amount of power.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object thereof is to provide a motor control amount limiting device which is small in size and simple in structure without increasing power consumption. is there.

[0012]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a switch means (position detecting means) configured to be turned off when a rotation angle of a motor reaches a predetermined rotation angle.
Are arranged between the motor and the bridge circuit, and the switching means connects the motor to the ground side from the bridge circuit, and further, to the switching element arranged on the ground side of the bridge circuit. The feature is that capacitors are connected in parallel.

Another feature is that instead of the capacitor, a diode is connected in the direction opposite to the current passing direction of the switching element.

[0014]

When the predetermined two switching elements of the bridge circuit are turned on and the motor is rotated in the predetermined direction (see FIG. 9 (A)), when the rotation angle of the motor reaches the predetermined rotation angle ( (B) in the figure), a closed circuit can be formed by the switch means such as motor → switch means turned off → ground → capacitor (or diode) → switch means in on state → motor, and the motor is completely short-circuited. To be done. As a result, the counter electromotive force generated by the motor is absorbed, and the rotation of the motor is immediately stopped.

From this state, the other two circuits of the bridge circuit are
When two switching elements are turned on, the current flowing into the motor passes through the switch means turned off as described above to flow to the ground side, and the motor rotates in the opposite direction ((C) in the figure). )reference).

When the switch means which has been turned off is turned on by the reverse rotation of the motor, the current flows through the two switching elements which are turned on (see FIG. 10 (A)).

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings by applying the present invention to a transmission of a motorcycle.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a power unit 1 of a motorcycle to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied, FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. Is V- in FIG.
It is a V sectional view.

First, the power unit 1 is pivotally supported on a vehicle body of a motorcycle so as to be vertically swingable via a pivot (not shown), and a rear wheel 6 serving as a drive wheel disposed at a rear end of the power unit 1 has an output shaft. Connected to 5. The power unit 1 includes an engine 2, and a belt type continuously variable transmission 3 and a gear reducer 4 that reduce the output of the engine 2 and transmit the output to the output shaft 5. Reference numerals 8 and 9 are an intake pipe and a reed valve, respectively.

The piston 11 of the engine 2 is connected to the crankshaft 13 via the connecting rod 12. The crankshaft 13 is rotatably supported by the bearing 50, and the oil seal 51 seals the engine compartment. A drive pulley of the belt type continuously variable transmission 3 is attached to the tip of the crankshaft 13. This drive pulley is a fixed pulley half 1 attached to a crankshaft 13 as an input shaft.
4 and a movable pulley half body 15 that is spline-coupled to the crankshaft 13 and is axially movable and relatively non-rotatable. The V groove formed between the pulley half bodies 14 and 15 includes: The endless belt 16 is wound. The endless belt 16 is further wound around a V groove formed between a movable pulley half 17 and a fixed pulley half 18 (see FIG. 2) that form a driven pulley.

A starter motor (not shown) is arranged near the crankshaft 13. This starter motor is provided with a well-known jump-in type starter pinion, and the starter ring gear 14 is provided on the outer circumference of the stationary pulley half body 14 so as to be positioned on the moving path of the starter pinion.
A is formed. As a result, when the starter motor is activated, the jump-in type starter pinion projects and meshes with the starter ring gear 14A, whereby the stationary pulley half body 14 is rotated and the engine 2 is started.

A drive helical gear 22 is fixed to a kick shaft 21 connected to the kick pedal 7 (FIG. 2). The drive helical gear 22 meshes with a driven helical gear 24 formed on a starter shaft 23 that is supported on the axial extension of the crankshaft 13 so as to be movable in the axial direction. The ratchet wheel 25 provided on the side surface of the driven helical gear 24 faces the ratchet teeth 14B formed on the side surface of the stationary pulley half body 14 so that the ratchet teeth 14B can mesh with each other. Therefore, when the starter motor is not used, the kick pedal 2 (FIG. 2) is used to move the kick shaft 2
When 1 is rotated, the driven helical gear 24 is rotated to move in the direction of the crankshaft 13 due to the rotation of the driving helical gear 22, whereby the ratchet wheel 25 and the ratchet teeth 14B are meshed and rotated. As a result, the engine 2 is started.

Next, the structure of the belt type continuously variable transmission 3 will be described in detail. First, the base 40 is arranged so as to be orthogonal to the crankshaft 13. This base 40 has a mounting hole 10
After inserting the rubber bush (not shown) into 2 (Fig. 4),
It is floatingly supported by being attached to the vehicle body of the motorcycle using bolts. This base 4
At 0, a tubular mount 36 is fixed so as to surround the crankshaft 13. A bearing 37 is interposed between the tubular frame 36 and the crankshaft 13, and fast screw teeth 36B are formed on the outer periphery of the cylindrical frame 36.

The fast collar 36B has a movable collar 35.
The fast screw teeth 35B formed on the inner peripheral portion of are meshed with each other,
By the rotation of the movable collar 35, the movable collar 35 can move in the axial direction of the crankshaft 13. Since the movable collar 35 is attached to the movable pulley half body 15 via the bearing 38, when the movable collar 35 moves in the axial direction of the crankshaft 13, the movable pulley half body 15 also moves along with the movement. Moving.

A motor 31 is attached to the base 40 in parallel with the base 40, and the motor 31 is attached.
The gear 32 attached to the output shaft of the gear meshes with the gear 33A. A worm gear 33B is attached to the rotary shaft of the gear 33A, and the center axis of the gear 33B meshes with a worm wheel 34 arranged parallel to the crankshaft 13. This worm wheel 3
Further, 4 is meshed with a helical gear 35A formed on the outer periphery of the movable collar 35. Therefore, the rotation of the motor 31 moves the movable pulley half body 15 in the axial direction, and the groove width between the movable pulley half body 15 and the fixed pulley half body 14 changes. This changes the gear ratio.

Cam-shaped projections 35C and 35D are formed on both side surfaces of the helical gear 35A formed on the movable collar 35.
Are formed. Further, a pair of first arm 42A and second arm 42B, which are arranged so that their tip ends face both side surfaces of the helical gear 35A, are fixed to the connecting shaft 43. The first arm 42A and the second arm 4
2B, and first switch means (micro switch) 4
1A and second switch means (micro switch) 41B
6A is an enlarged view of FIG. 6A, and the enlarged view is shown in FIG.
A view from the side is shown in FIG. Note that in FIG. 3B, the first switch means 41A and the second switch means 41
Illustration of B, and the mounting member 103 and the like for sandwiching and holding them is omitted.

As is apparent from FIG. 6, the connecting shaft 43
Is always held in the neutral position as shown in FIG. 4 by the spring 44, and in this state the first arm 42
The rear end portions of A and the second arm 42B have a first contact 52 of each of the first switch means 41A and the second switch means 41B.
Each switch 41A without contacting A and the second contact 52B
And 41B remain on. However, the movable collar 3
When 5 reaches the position (low) indicated by the solid line in FIG. 3, the helical gear 35 is rotated as shown in FIG.
The cam-like protrusion 35C formed on the side surface of A contacts the tip of the first arm 42A and rotates the arm (direction of arrow L in the figure). As a result, the rear end of the first arm 42A presses the first contact 52A of the first switch means 41A, which turns off the switch 41A.

Similarly, when the movable collar 35 rotates in the direction opposite to the above direction and reaches the position (top) shown by the chain double-dashed line in FIG. 3, as shown in FIG. The cam-shaped projection 35D formed on the side surface contacts the tip of the second arm 42B and rotates the arm (direction of arrow T in the figure). As a result, the rear end of the second arm 42B presses the second contact 52B of the second switch means 41B, which turns off the switch 41B.

The cover 39 includes a helical gear 35A, a gear device (reference numeral 32, 33A, 33B, 34, etc.) that is a drive mechanism for the helical gear 35A, the first arm 42A and the second arm 42B, and the first switch means. 41A and the second switch means 41B and so on,
It is attached to the base 40 using screws 101. Reference numeral 52 is a sealing device arranged between the cover 39 and the movable collar 35.

The lead wire 45A connected to the first switch means 41A and the second switch means 41B is pulled out from the inside of the cover 39 to the motor 31 side via the grommet 46. Further, on the upper surface of the motor 31, a board 47 having a motor control amount limiting circuit as described later with reference to FIG. 1 is attached. And this substrate 47
The lead wire 45A, the lead wire 45B drawn from the motor 31, and the lead wire 45C are connected to the. The lead wire 45C is further connected to an electronic control device that controls the motorcycle and a battery (neither is shown). After such wiring is performed, the lead wire 45C is pulled out of the motor case 48, and then the motor case 48 is attached to the cover 39 using the screw 49 to cover the motor 31.

As described above, in this example, using the cover 39, the helical gear 35A, the gear device that is the drive mechanism of the helical gear 35A, the first arm 42A and the second arm 42B, and the first switch means 41A and Since the second switch means 41B and the like are covered, these parts are protected from lubricating oil, dust and the like. Motor 31
Also, since it is covered with the motor case 48, it is similarly protected from lubricating oil, dust and the like.

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
14, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 14 and 15 represent the same or equivalent portions. Further, the first switch means 41A and the second switch means 41B are respectively shown in FIG.
And the switch means SW1 and S described above with reference to FIG.
It has the same function as W2.

In FIG. 1, switching elements Tr1 to Tr1
Tr4 constitutes a bridge circuit as shown in the drawing, and is connected between a battery (not shown) and the ground. And the motor 31 is connected to the midpoint through the first switch means 41A and the second switch means 41B. As described above, the first switch means 41A and the second switch means 41B are configured to be turned off when the gear ratio controlled by the motor 31 becomes low and top, respectively. The first switch means 41A and the second switch means 41B respectively connect the motor 31 to the bridge circuit when in the on state, and ground the motor 31 when in the off state.

The switching elements Tr3 and Tr4 have capacitors C3 and C4, respectively.
Are connected in parallel.

The operation of one embodiment of the present invention having the above configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10. First, FIG.
As shown in (A), when both the first switch means 41A and the second switch means 41B are on, when Tr2 and Tr4 are turned on, a current flows in the direction of the arrow and the motor 31 rotates in the predetermined direction. To do. As a result, the gear ratio is controlled to the top side.

When the gear ratio becomes the minimum (ie, the top), the second switch means 41 as shown in FIG.
B is turned off. As a result, it is detected that the rotation angle of the motor 31 has reached the predetermined rotation angle, and the power supply to the motor 31 is released. Also, the motor 31 and the second switch means 4
1B, ground, capacitor C4 and first switch means 41
Since A constitutes a closed circuit, the motor 31 is completely short-circuited and the counter electromotive force generated by the motor 31 is absorbed. As a result, a braking force is applied to the motor 31 and its rotation is rapidly stopped.

Thereafter, Tr2 and Tr4 are turned off, and T
When r1 and Tr3 are turned on, the current passing through Tr1 is applied to the first switch means 4 as shown in FIG.
It flows to the ground side through 1A, the motor 31, and the second switch means 41B. As a result, the motor 31 rotates in the direction opposite to the above direction, and the gear ratio is controlled to the low side. After that, as shown in FIG. 10A, the second switch means 41B is turned on, and the current flowing through the motor 31 passes through Tr3.

When the gear ratio becomes maximum (low), the first switch means 41A is turned off as shown in FIG. As a result, it is detected that the rotation angle of the motor 31 has reached the predetermined rotation angle, and the power supply to the motor 31 is released. Further, the motor 31, the first switch means 41A,
Since the ground, the capacitor C3 and the second switch means 41B form a closed circuit, the counter electromotive force generated by the motor 31 is absorbed. As a result, a braking force is applied to the motor 31 and its rotation is rapidly stopped.

Thereafter, Tr1 and Tr3 are turned off, and T
When r2 and Tr4 are turned on, the current passing through Tr2 flows to the ground side via the second switch means 41B, the motor 31, and the first switch means 41A. As a result, the motor 31 rotates in the reverse direction again, and the gear ratio is controlled to the top side.

The motor control amount limiting device as shown in FIG. 1 is applied to a gear ratio control circuit of a motorcycle as shown in FIG. 11, for example. 11, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 represent the same or equivalent portions.

In FIG. 11, the vehicle speed detecting means 81A detects the vehicle speed V of the motorcycle, in other words, the rotational speed of the front wheels (driven wheels) by a known method, and this is converted into a voltage value by the F / V converter 81B. To be done. The potentiometer 82B is connected to the throttle grip 82A and outputs a voltage according to the opening of the throttle grip 82A (hereinafter, referred to as "throttle opening"). FIG. 12 shows an example of the output characteristic of the potentiometer 82B.

The subtracting means 83 is a potentiometer 82B.
And the output voltage of the F / V converter 81B are calculated and output to the comparison means 84.

On the other hand, the engine speed detecting means 87A is
The engine speed Ne is detected by a known method, and this is converted into a voltage value by the F / V converter 87B.

The comparison means 84 compares the output signal of the subtraction means 83 and the output signal of the F / V converter 87B, and the energization control means 85 responds to the comparison result as shown in FIG. The switching elements Tr1 to Tr4 of the motor control amount limiting device 86 are controlled. Therefore, the motor 31
Is controlled according to the comparison result.

Now, for example, as shown in FIG. 12, the current throttle opening is θ1 (the output voltage of the potentiometer 82B is V1), and the output voltage of the F / V converter 87B is the output voltage of the subtraction means 83. It is assumed that the comparison means 84 does not output the control signal and the motor 31 is stopped. That is, at present, the gear ratio of the belt type continuously variable transmission 3 is set to an appropriate value, and the vehicle is operated at a predetermined vehicle speed V and at an engine speed corresponding to the rotation angle (throttle opening) of the throttle grip 82A. Suppose that is done.

From this state, the throttle grip 82A
If the throttle opening degree is changed from θ1 to θ2 by loosening, the output voltage of the potentiometer 82B becomes V2, so that the subtracting means 83 outputs a predetermined voltage value with a predetermined polarity. As a result, the comparison means 84 also outputs a predetermined voltage value with a predetermined polarity. As a result, the energization control means 85
Controls the motor control amount limiting device 86 according to the output signal of the comparison means 84 to adjust the gear ratio of the belt type continuously variable transmission 3.

With the adjustment of the gear ratio, the engine speed Ne
Since the vehicle speed V and the vehicle speed V change, the output signals of the subtracting means 83 and the F / V converter 87B also gradually change, and when the engine speed Ne reaches a value corresponding to the current throttle opening degree, the comparing means 84 outputs The output disappears and the motor 31 stops.

As described above, in the gear ratio control circuit as shown in FIG. 11, the gear ratio of the belt type continuously variable transmission 3 is determined so that the engine speed corresponding to the throttle opening is maintained. .

In the above description, the motor control amount limiting device of the present invention is described as being applied to the belt type continuously variable transmission of a motorcycle, but various vehicles other than motorcycles and industrial machines. As a matter of course, the invention may be applied to various continuously variable transmissions other than the belt type continuously variable transmission as long as the gear ratio is controlled by using a motor.

The first switch means 41A and the second switch means 41B for limiting the rotation of the motor, and the first arm 42A and the second arm 42 for controlling the switches.
Obviously, the configuration of B is not limited to the one shown in each of the above figures.

Further, in FIG. 1, the switching elements Tr1 to Tr1 constituting the bridge circuit for controlling the motor 31 are arranged.
Although the switching element Tr4 is drawn as a transistor, it may be any switching element other than a transistor.

Further, instead of providing the capacitors C3 and C4, the diodes D3 and D are provided in parallel with the Tr3 and Tr4 in the direction opposite to the current passing direction of the Tr3 and Tr4.
4 may be provided (see FIG. 13). In this case,
Also, as compared with FIG. 15, since a resistor for high power is not required, the structure is also simplified.

[0053]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the motor control amount limiting device of the first aspect, when the rotation angle of the motor reaches the predetermined rotation angle, the motor is a bridge circuit. To the ground side from the switch means (position detecting means), and the capacitor connected in parallel to the switching element arranged on the ground side of the bridge circuit, the motor control amount limiting device is configured. Since it is possible to configure the motor control amount limiting device without the need for a high power resistor or diode which has been conventionally required, the configuration is simplified and the motor control amount limiting device is Be miniaturized.

Further, since the motor is completely short-circuited, the motor stop time is shorter than that of the conventional type in which the counter electromotive force of the motor is consumed by using a resistor.

Further, since the resistor is not connected in parallel with the motor, it is possible to prevent the power consumption from increasing.

(2) Also in the motor control amount limiting device according to claim 2, since the motor control amount limiting device can be configured without requiring a large power resistor which has been conventionally required, the configuration is the same. Is simplified, and the motor control amount limiting device is downsized.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a power unit 1 of a motorcycle to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG.

5 is a sectional view taken along line VV of FIG.

FIG. 6 shows a first arm 42A and a second arm 42B, and a first switch means 41A and a second switch means 41.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of B and a view of the enlarged view from the piston 11 side.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing how the first switch means 41A operates.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing how the second switch means 41B operates.

FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a functional block diagram of a gear ratio control circuit of a motorcycle to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 12 is a graph showing an example of output characteristics of the potentiometer 82B.

FIG. 13 is a circuit diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a circuit diagram of an example of a conventional motor control amount limiting device.

FIG. 15 is a circuit diagram of another example of a conventional motor control amount limiting device.

[Explanation of symbols]

C3, C4 ... Capacitor, D3, D4 ... Diode, T
r1-Tr4 ... Switching element, 1 ... Power unit, 2 ... Engine, 3 ... Belt type continuously variable transmission, 4 ... Gear reduction gear, 6 ... Rear wheel, 31 ... Motor, 41A ... First switch means, 41B ... Second Switch means, 42A ... first arm, 42B ... second arm, 86 ... motor control amount limiting device

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A bridge circuit including a switching element for controlling a motor, and the motor and the bridge circuit, which are connected between the motor and the bridge circuit when the rotation angle of the motor reaches a predetermined rotation angle. A motor control amount comprising: position detecting means configured to connect from the bridge circuit to a ground side; and a capacitor connected in parallel to a switching element arranged on the ground side of the bridge circuit. Restriction device. 2. A bridge circuit comprising a switching element for controlling the motor, and the motor and the bridge circuit, which are connected between the motor and the bridge circuit when the rotation angle of the motor reaches a predetermined rotation angle. Position detecting means configured to connect from the bridge circuit to the ground side, and a diode connected in parallel to a switching element arranged on the ground side of the bridge circuit in a direction opposite to a current passing direction of the switching element. And a motor control amount limiting device.