JPH05305052A - Endoscope - Google Patents

Endoscope

Info

Publication number
JPH05305052A
JPH05305052A JP4111006A JP11100692A JPH05305052A JP H05305052 A JPH05305052 A JP H05305052A JP 4111006 A JP4111006 A JP 4111006A JP 11100692 A JP11100692 A JP 11100692A JP H05305052 A JPH05305052 A JP H05305052A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
spiral
endoscope
bending
scope
wire
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP4111006A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Hisaaki Tamura
久明 田村
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toshiba Corp
Original Assignee
Toshiba Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toshiba Corp filed Critical Toshiba Corp
Priority to JP4111006A priority Critical patent/JPH05305052A/en
Publication of JPH05305052A publication Critical patent/JPH05305052A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Landscapes

  • Instruments For Viewing The Inside Of Hollow Bodies (AREA)
  • Endoscopes (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an endoscope allowing a smooth bending action, capable of simplifying the angle operation technique, and allowing a scope to be safely inserted into a body cavity for a diagnosis and the like. CONSTITUTION:In an endoscope provided with curve sections 5a, 5b on the tip side of a scope and performing the bending action of the curve sections 5a, 5b via a wire action, the curve sections 5a, 5b are constituted with the spiral pipe which is provided with spiral notches (spiral interval S) with the constant width on a flexible tube made of resin such as plastic and gradially increases the belt width (W) of the spiral winding belt from its tip.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、患者の体腔内にスコ
ープを挿入し、病気の診断、治療に用いられている内視
鏡、特に消化管や気管支中をスムーズに移動できるよう
にした内視鏡に関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention allows a scope to be inserted into a body cavity of a patient so that the scope can be smoothly moved through an endoscope used for diagnosing and treating diseases, particularly in the digestive tract and bronchi. Regarding the endoscope.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】内視鏡には、ファイバースコープ式、電
子内視鏡等があるが、これら内視鏡のスコープの先端側
には体腔内をスムーズに移動させるために円筒状の湾曲
部が設けられている。この湾曲部の内壁は、その周縁部
を略4等分する位置にワイヤを挿入する案内孔がそれぞ
れに設けられており、これら案内孔に挿通させたワイヤ
を手操作することにより、内視鏡のアングル操作が自由
にできるようになっている。これら内視鏡において、ス
コープ先端側の湾曲部の構造としては、複数の一定幅の
環節をピンで連結したり、特公平3−8436号公報に
開示されているように、プラスチックの押し出し等によ
り一体成形した円筒管の側壁に一様なパターンで切欠き
を設けたものが知られている。
2. Description of the Related Art Endoscopes include fiberscope type and electronic endoscopes, but a cylindrical curved portion is provided on the distal end side of the scope of these endoscopes in order to smoothly move in the body cavity. It is provided. The inner wall of the curved portion is provided with a guide hole for inserting a wire at a position that divides the peripheral portion into approximately four equal parts, and by manually operating the wire inserted through these guide holes, the endoscope is You can freely operate the angle of. In these endoscopes, as the structure of the curved portion on the distal end side of the scope, a plurality of ring segments having a constant width are connected by a pin, or as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-8436, by extruding plastic or the like. It is known that a side wall of an integrally molded cylindrical tube is provided with notches in a uniform pattern.

【0003】[0003]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、上記内
視鏡のスコープ先端側の湾曲部では、環節の幅が一定で
あったり、切欠き等が一様なパターンで設けられている
ので、内視鏡の湾曲動作を間欠的にする場合がある。
又、各内視鏡によって湾曲動作に癖が生じ、同じワイヤ
操作によって湾曲する部位が変る場合がある。従って、
目的の病巣をモニタに表示させるためのアングル操作に
は、相当の熟練を要し、内視鏡の操作ミスによって胃壁
等を損傷させたり、患者に大きな苦痛を与える等の問題
があった。
However, in the curved portion on the distal end side of the scope of the endoscope, the width of the nodules is constant and the notches and the like are provided in a uniform pattern. The bending operation of the mirror may be intermittent.
In addition, there is a case in which the bending operation is caused by each endoscope, and the bending portion may be changed by the same wire operation. Therefore,
The angle operation for displaying the target lesion on the monitor requires a considerable amount of skill, and there are problems such as damage to the stomach wall and the like due to operation mistakes of the endoscope, and great pain to the patient.

【0004】この発明は、これらの問題を解決するため
になされたもので、スムーズな屈曲動作ができ、アング
ル操作技術を簡易化でき、スコープを体腔内に安全に挿
入して診断等ができる内視鏡を提供することを目的とす
る。
The present invention has been made in order to solve these problems. It enables a smooth bending operation, simplifies the angle operation technique, and allows a scope to be safely inserted into a body cavity for diagnosis. The purpose is to provide an endoscope.

【0005】[0005]

【課題を解決するための手段】この発明による内視鏡
は、ワイヤの案内孔を内在する環節を複数連設した湾曲
部をスコープの先端側に備え、各環節の案内孔にワイヤ
を挿通し、この湾曲部の湾曲動作をワイヤ操作により行
う内視鏡において、前記湾曲部は、先端側から各環節の
幅を漸増させて形成し、等角螺線の曲率によって湾曲動
作することを特徴とする。
An endoscope according to the present invention is provided with a bending portion on the distal end side of a scope in which a plurality of ring segments having wire guide holes are continuously provided, and a wire is inserted into the guide holes of each ring segment. In the endoscope in which the bending operation of the bending portion is performed by a wire operation, the bending portion is formed by gradually increasing the width of each nodule from the distal end side, and the bending operation is performed by the curvature of the equiangular spiral. To do.

【0006】又、スコープの先端側に湾曲部を設け、こ
の湾曲部の湾曲動作をワイヤ操作により行う内視鏡にお
いて、前記湾曲部は、可撓管に一定幅の螺旋状の切欠き
を設けて、螺旋状の巻帯の帯幅が漸増する螺旋管で構成
し、等角螺線の曲率によって湾曲動作することを特徴と
する。
Further, in an endoscope in which a bending portion is provided on the distal end side of the scope and the bending operation of the bending portion is performed by a wire operation, the bending portion is provided with a spiral notch having a constant width in the flexible tube. It is characterized in that it is constituted by a spiral tube in which the band width of the spiral winding band gradually increases, and the bending operation is performed by the curvature of the equiangular spiral.

【0007】[0007]

【作用】上記手段の内視鏡は、体腔内に挿入するスコー
プの先端側が等角螺線に湾曲する湾曲部によって構成さ
れているので、角度が180度対向する湾曲部の屈曲線
は互いに平行となる。これにより内視鏡を構成する湾曲
部の伸縮力が力学的に安定するので、内視鏡の先端を湾
曲させた状態のまま消化管等にスムーズに挿入すること
ができる。又、内視鏡の湾曲部は、一定の等角螺線状に
湾曲状態を保持できるので、勘に頼らず、確実にアング
ル操作ができる。更に、螺旋状の切欠きを有する湾曲部
では、連結ピン等を用いていないので、湾曲が間欠的に
ならず、視野を飛び飛びにする原因を阻止することがで
きる。
In the endoscope of the above-mentioned means, since the distal end side of the scope to be inserted into the body cavity is composed of the curved portion which is curved into an equiangular spiral, the bending lines of the curved portions which face each other by 180 degrees are parallel to each other. Becomes As a result, the expansion and contraction force of the bending portion that constitutes the endoscope is mechanically stabilized, so that the endoscope can be smoothly inserted into the digestive tract or the like with the distal end thereof being curved. Further, since the curved portion of the endoscope can maintain the curved state in a constant equiangular spiral shape, the angle operation can be reliably performed without relying on intuition. Further, since the connecting portion or the like is not used in the bending portion having the spiral cutout, the bending does not become intermittent, and the cause of skipping the visual field can be prevented.

【0008】[0008]

【実施例】以下、図面を使用してこの発明の内視鏡の一
実施例を説明する。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the endoscope of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

【0009】図1は、この実施例の内視鏡を示す全体図
である。
FIG. 1 is an overall view showing the endoscope of this embodiment.

【0010】この内視鏡は、内視鏡画像を表示するモニ
タ1、及び操作スイッチ等を備えた本体2と、患者の体
腔内に挿入して用いるスコープ3とを有する。
This endoscope has a monitor 1 for displaying an endoscopic image, a main body 2 provided with operation switches and the like, and a scope 3 used by being inserted into a body cavity of a patient.

【0011】スコープ3の軟性部4の先端側には、体腔
内の患部にスコープ自体を導くための湾曲部5が設けら
れ、この湾曲部5の先端には、ビデオカメラ、鉗子、洗
浄用ノズル等を装備する硬性部6が設けられている。他
方、軟性部4の後端側にはスコープ3のアングル操作等
を行う操作部7と、本体2にビデオカメラ信号を伝送す
るユニバーサルコード8とが設けられている。そして、
軟性部4の内側には、図を省略したが、導光ファイバ、
送気チューブ、送水チューブ、導線等が組み込まれてい
る。
A bending portion 5 for guiding the scope itself to the affected portion in the body cavity is provided on the tip side of the flexible portion 4 of the scope 3, and a video camera, forceps, and a cleaning nozzle are provided at the tip of the bending portion 5. A rigid part 6 is provided for equipping. On the other hand, on the rear end side of the flexible portion 4, an operating portion 7 for performing an angle operation of the scope 3 and a universal cord 8 for transmitting a video camera signal to the main body 2 are provided. And
Inside the flexible portion 4, although not shown, a light guide fiber,
The air supply tube, the water supply tube, the lead wire, etc. are incorporated.

【0012】図2及び図3に示すように、スコープ先端
側の湾曲部5は、プラスチック等の樹脂で形成した可撓
管に一定幅の螺旋状の切欠き(螺旋間隔S)を設けて、
その先端から螺旋状の巻帯の帯幅(W)が漸増する螺旋
管5aによって構成されており、図を省略したが、この
螺線管5aにはゴムチューブ等が被覆され、防水が施さ
れる。
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the bending portion 5 on the distal end side of the scope is formed by providing a flexible tube made of resin such as plastic with a spiral notch (helix interval S) having a constant width.
Although not shown, the spiral tube 5a is covered with a rubber tube or the like to be waterproofed, although the spiral tube 5a is configured so that the width (W) of the spiral winding band gradually increases from its tip. It

【0013】湾曲部5の螺線管5aの内壁部には、周縁
部を略4等分する位置にワイヤを挿入する案内孔5bが
それぞれに設けられ、各案内孔5bに挿通させた4本の
ワイヤa、b、c、dをアングル操作部7において手操
作すると、湾曲部5は等角螺線の曲率によって同時に湾
曲動作し、内視鏡のアングルが上下左右自在に操作でき
るようになっている。
On the inner wall of the spiral tube 5a of the curved portion 5, guide holes 5b for inserting wires are provided at positions where the peripheral portion is divided into four equal parts, and four guide holes 5b are inserted into the guide holes 5b. When the wires a, b, c, and d are manually operated by the angle operation section 7, the bending section 5 simultaneously bends due to the curvature of the equiangular spiral wire, and the angle of the endoscope can be operated vertically and horizontally. ing.

【0014】尚、図2に示す湾曲状態は、ワイヤaを矢
印方向に送り出し、ワイヤdを矢印方向に引っ張って操
作することにより実現される。
The curved state shown in FIG. 2 is realized by feeding the wire a in the direction of the arrow and pulling the wire d in the direction of the arrow to operate.

【0015】次に図4を用いて、スコープ3の湾曲部5
を構成する螺線管の巻帯の帯幅(W)、螺旋間隔(S)
について説明する。
Next, referring to FIG. 4, the bending portion 5 of the scope 3
(W), spiral spacing (S)
Will be described.

【0016】管径(D)が9φmm(内径8φmm)の可撓
管を基にする場合では、 W=2e (θ/10) mm (e:自然常数、θ:ラジアン)・・・(1) S=9φ×π/8 mm・・・・(2) 式(1)及び式(2)に従う螺旋管で湾曲部を構成す
る。
When a flexible tube having a tube diameter (D) of 9 φ mm (inner diameter 8 φ mm) is used as a base, W = 2e (θ / 10) mm (e: natural constant, θ: radian) ... -(1) S = 9 ( phi ) * (pi) / 8 mm ... (2) A curved part is comprised with the spiral tube according to Formula (1) and Formula (2).

【0017】尚、θをπ/8ごとに計算した結果は、表
1に示すようになり、この計算結果を基に作図すると図
4に示す湾曲部となる。
The result of calculating θ for each π / 8 is as shown in Table 1. When drawing is performed based on this calculation result, the curved portion shown in FIG. 4 is obtained.

【0018】[0018]

【表1】 これにより、スコープ3の湾曲部5は、アングル操作部
7のワイヤー操作によって湾曲動作する。尚、湾曲動作
はワイヤー引張り側では先端側より螺旋間隔(S)がゼ
ロに詰められて行き、伸長側ではその分だけ開離するこ
とになる。そして、この動作の継続により湾曲部5の屈
曲が進むことになる。
[Table 1] As a result, the bending section 5 of the scope 3 is bent by the wire operation of the angle operation section 7. In the bending operation, the spiral distance (S) is reduced to zero from the tip end side on the wire pulling side, and the extension side is separated by that amount. Then, by continuing this operation, the bending of the bending portion 5 advances.

【0019】螺旋状の巻帯の帯幅Wは(1)式により自
然対数の関数によって形成されているので、その和も自
然常数の関数であるから湾曲部5の屈曲により形成され
る曲線も自然常数の関数となる。即ち、極座標で示すと
式(4)で表せる。
Since the band width W of the spiral winding band is formed by the function of natural logarithm according to the equation (1), the sum thereof is also a function of natural constants, and therefore the curve formed by bending the bending portion 5 is also formed. It becomes a function of natural constants. That is, when expressed in polar coordinates, it can be expressed by equation (4).

【0020】R=R0 kθ ・・・・・(4) 但し、R:湾曲部の曲げ半径、R0 :最小半径、k:定
数 式(4)は、等角(対数)螺線で式(1)に基づいて誘
導曲線の相似性の原理(伸開線もまた等角螺旋であると
いう原理)により成立する。
R = R 0 e (4) where R is the bending radius of the curved portion, R 0 is the minimum radius, and k is a constant. Equation (4) is an equiangular (logarithmic) spiral line. Based on (1), the principle of similarity of the guiding curve (the principle that the stretched line is also an equiangular spiral) is established.

【0021】即ち、k=1/10 ・・・・(5) R0 は5mmと設定すれば、 R=5e (θ/10) ・・・・・(6) 但し、θはRが曲率中心を含む基線となす角と式(6)
で表すことができる。
That is, k = 1/10 ... (5) If R 0 is set to 5 mm, R = 5e (θ / 10) (6) where θ is the center of curvature Angle with the base line including
Can be expressed as

【0022】上記実施例の内視鏡では、そのスコープ3
の湾曲部5を螺旋管で構成し、等角螺線に屈曲するよう
にしたが、これに限定せず、図5に示すように可撓材1
0を軸として環形状の環節11を連設させて湾曲部5を
形成しても良い。かかる場合も各環節11の幅をスコー
プ3の先端側から漸増させて形成する。
In the endoscope of the above embodiment, the scope 3
Although the curved portion 5 of the above is configured by a spiral tube and is bent into an equiangular spiral line, the present invention is not limited to this, and the flexible member 1 as shown in FIG.
The curved portion 5 may be formed by continuously connecting ring-shaped ring joints 11 with 0 as an axis. Also in such a case, the width of each ring segment 11 is formed by gradually increasing it from the distal end side of the scope 3.

【0023】[0023]

【発明の効果】この発明の内視鏡では、アングル操作に
よって、スコープの先端側の湾曲部が等角螺線の曲率に
よって確実に湾曲動作する。このため、内視鏡のアング
ル操作が術者の思い通りに容易にできるとともに、内視
鏡のスコープを体腔内の目的部位にスムーズに挿入する
ことができるので、内視鏡の操作ミスが減少し、胃壁等
を損傷させるような事故を阻止できる。又、螺旋状の切
欠きを有する湾曲部にした場合では、連結ピン等を用い
ていないので、湾曲が間欠的にならず、視野を飛び飛び
にする原因を阻止し、結果的に内視鏡の視野を広げるこ
とができる。
According to the endoscope of the present invention, the bending operation of the distal end side of the scope is surely performed by the curvature of the equiangular spiral by the angle operation. For this reason, the angle operation of the endoscope can be easily performed as the operator desires, and the scope of the endoscope can be smoothly inserted into the target portion in the body cavity, so that the operation mistake of the endoscope is reduced. It is possible to prevent accidents that damage the stomach wall or the like. Further, in the case of the curved portion having the spiral cutout, since the connecting pin or the like is not used, the curvature is not intermittent, and the cause of skipping the visual field is prevented, and as a result, the endoscope The field of view can be expanded.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図1】この発明の内視鏡の一実施例の全体構成を示す
図である。
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of an embodiment of an endoscope of the present invention.

【図2】同実施例のスコープの湾曲部の湾曲状態を示す
図である。
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a bending state of a bending portion of the scope of the embodiment.

【図3】同実施例の湾曲部を構成する螺旋管を示す図で
ある。
FIG. 3 is a view showing a spiral tube which constitutes a bending portion of the embodiment.

【図4】同実施例の螺線管の構造を説明する図である。FIG. 4 is a view for explaining the structure of the spiral tube of the same embodiment.

【図5】この発明の別例のスコープの湾曲分を示す図で
ある。
FIG. 5 is a view showing a curved portion of a scope of another example of the present invention.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

3 スコープ 4 軟性部 5 湾曲部 5a 螺旋管 5b 案内孔 6 硬性部 7 操作部 a、b、c、d ワイヤ 3 Scope 4 Soft part 5 Bending part 5a Spiral tube 5b Guide hole 6 Hard part 7 Operation part a, b, c, d Wire

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 ワイヤの案内孔を内在する環節を複数連
設した湾曲部をスコープの先端側に備え、各環節の案内
孔にワイヤを挿通し、この湾曲部の湾曲動作をワイヤ操
作により行う内視鏡において、 前記湾曲部は、先端側から各環節の幅を漸増させて形成
し、等角螺線の曲率によって湾曲動作することを特徴と
する内視鏡。
1. A bending portion, in which a plurality of ring segments having wire guide holes therein are continuously provided, is provided on a distal end side of a scope, a wire is inserted through the guide holes of each ring segment, and the bending operation of the bending portion is performed by a wire operation. In the endoscope, the bending portion is formed by gradually increasing the width of each nodule from the distal end side, and bends by the curvature of the equiangular spiral.
【請求項2】 スコープの先端側に湾曲部を設け、この
湾曲部の湾曲動作をワイヤ操作により行う内視鏡におい
て、 前記湾曲部は、可撓管に一定幅の螺旋状の切欠きを設け
て、螺旋状の巻帯の帯幅が漸増する螺旋管で構成し、等
角螺線の曲率によって湾曲動作することを特徴とする内
視鏡。
2. An endoscope in which a bending portion is provided on a distal end side of a scope, and the bending operation of the bending portion is performed by a wire operation. In the bending portion, a flexible tube is provided with a spiral notch having a constant width. An endoscope characterized by being constituted by a spiral tube in which the width of a spiral winding band is gradually increased, and performing a bending operation by the curvature of an equiangular spiral.
JP4111006A 1992-04-30 1992-04-30 Endoscope Pending JPH05305052A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP4111006A JPH05305052A (en) 1992-04-30 1992-04-30 Endoscope

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP4111006A JPH05305052A (en) 1992-04-30 1992-04-30 Endoscope

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH05305052A true JPH05305052A (en) 1993-11-19

Family

ID=14550020

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP4111006A Pending JPH05305052A (en) 1992-04-30 1992-04-30 Endoscope

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH05305052A (en)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009508630A (en) * 2005-09-22 2009-03-05 ボストン サイエンティフィック リミテッド Intravascular ultrasound catheter
JP2009066145A (en) * 2007-09-12 2009-04-02 Olympus Medical Systems Corp Endoscope
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US8911428B2 (en) 2001-06-29 2014-12-16 Intuitive Surgical Operations, Inc. Apparatus for pitch and yaw rotation
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US11051794B2 (en) 2001-06-29 2021-07-06 Intuitive Surgical Operations, Inc. Apparatus for pitch and yaw rotation
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US9730572B2 (en) 2001-06-29 2017-08-15 Intuitive Surgical Operations, Inc. Articulate and swappable endoscope for a surgical robot
US9717486B2 (en) 2001-06-29 2017-08-01 Intuitive Surgical Operations, Inc. Apparatus for pitch and yaw rotation
US9005112B2 (en) 2001-06-29 2015-04-14 Intuitive Surgical Operations, Inc. Articulate and swapable endoscope for a surgical robot
US9095317B2 (en) 2002-12-06 2015-08-04 Intuitive Surgical Operations, Inc. Flexible wrist for surgical tool
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US10524868B2 (en) 2002-12-06 2020-01-07 Intuitive Surgical Operations, Inc. Flexible wrist for surgical tool
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