JPH05302355A - Building structure and building method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make it possible to reduce work period, eliminate a special need for skilled workers, such as carpenters and provide extremely high insulation and air tight properties. CONSTITUTION:A core 2 which comprises a skeleton having a rigid steel-frame construction is formed on a foundation 1. Wooden posts 6 are vertically installed to a foundation 5 laid out around the core 2 while the posts 6 and the core 2 are connected to each other with wooden beams 7, thereby forming a building skeleton. Highly insulated walls, floors 40 and roofing bed 50 or the like are formed by installing long insulation panel materials between the posts and on the beams.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a building mainly composed of a wooden structure which can be completed in an extremely short time and has a high heat insulating property, a high airtight property, and a sound insulating property, and a construction method thereof. It is a thing.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Japanese traditional wooden construction is constructed through advanced timbering techniques and complicated processes, so the construction period will be long, the number of engineers will decrease year by year, and it will respond to changes in the four seasons. Therefore, due to its relatively open structure, it lacks heat insulation, sound insulation, airtightness, etc. and cannot cope with the deterioration of the urban environment due to noise, exhaust gas, etc. There are drawbacks such as large loss.

Prefabricated buildings manufactured by factories are used to solve such drawbacks. However, since the structure is mainly composed of a metal frame and a panel-shaped wall is attached to the frame, it is possible to improve the heat conductivity. There is a considerable amount of heat that escapes outside the building through the skeleton and is not necessarily satisfactory.

[0004]

It is an object of the present invention to construct a new building mainly made of wood, which has a short construction period, does not require a skilled engineer such as a carpenter, and has extremely high heat insulation and airtightness, and a method for constructing the same. Is intended to be disclosed.

[0005]

The first gist of the present invention is to provide a core made of a rectangular (including cubic) frame having a steel frame structure constructed inside the outer wall surface, and a core standing around the core. A building structure is characterized by having a building frame composed of installed wooden columns and wooden beams connecting between the columns and the core and between the columns.

A second gist of the present invention is that, in the above-mentioned building, the pillar and the beam are each made of laminated wood,
A building characterized in that at least an outer wall, a roof substrate, and a floor are composed of a long heat insulating panel material formed by adhering a plate-shaped molded product of a plastic foam between sandwiches in a sandwich shape between the wooden plates. It is in.

A third aspect of the present invention is to form a core made of a frame having a steel frame structure on a foundation, and to erect wooden pillars on the foundation arranged around the core.
One or more of a wall, a floor, and a roof underlayment by connecting the pillar and the core with a wooden beam to form a skeleton of a building, and installing a heat insulating panel material between the pillar and on the beam. A method of constructing a building characterized by forming a building.

A fourth gist of the present invention is that in the above construction method, the pillars and beams are made of laminated wood, and as the heat insulating panel material, a flame-retardant foamed plastic plate-shaped molded article or the like is used between the wooden boards. A construction method is characterized in that a long heat insulating panel in which heat insulating materials are bonded and integrated in a sandwich is used.

A fifth aspect of the present invention is a construction method characterized in that, in the construction method, the following wooden beam joining metal fittings are used when joining the wooden beams. That is, it consists of a combination of shaft fittings and bearing fittings,
The shaft fitting is provided by integrally fixing the fixing plate that can be fixed to the wood mouth surface of one of the wooden beams and the lower end of the fixation plate or the vicinity thereof toward the wood mouth surface direction toward the wood mouth surface, A support edge that abuts the lower surface of the one wooden beam or can be fitted into an engagement groove formed in the wood mouth surface, and a support shaft that projects from the fixing plate in the opposite direction to the support edge. The bearing fitting is provided with a fixing piece that can be fixed by abutting from one side to the other wooden beam to be joined to the one wooden beam, and the bearing piece can stand on the fixing piece integrally with the fixing piece. A wooden beam joint, comprising: a bearing piece that is provided and has a bearing portion that rotatably supports the support shaft; and a notch portion for introducing the support shaft that extends from the peripheral edge of the bearing piece to the bearing portion. Is it a construction method of joining beams using metal fittings,

Alternatively, it is provided by integrally fixing the fixing plate which can be fixed to the wood mouth surface of one of the wooden beams and the lower end of the fixation plate or the vicinity thereof toward the wood mouth surface in the direction of the wood mouth surface. , An engaging bearing edge that abuts the lower surface of the one wooden beam or can be fitted into an engaging groove formed in the wood mouth surface, and the engaging bearing edge from the upper end of the fixing plate or in the vicinity thereof In the direction of the direction, the fixing plate is provided integrally with the other wooden beam to be joined to the one wooden beam. There is a construction method in which beams are joined together using a metal fitting for joining wooden beams, or a construction method in which both of these fittings are used. Hereinafter, a detailed description will be given based on an embodiment.

[0011]

[Example] The construction method of the present invention is as follows.
Independent bases 1 formed by arranging rectangular concrete castings 1a, 1a, ... In which anchor bolts 1b, 1b, .. Base plates 2b, 2 in which the columns 2a, 2a, ... Made of square pipes are integrally provided on the base of the column 2a.
, and the anchor bolt 1b are joined together to be erected.

2c, 2c, ... are beam steel members made of H-shaped steel that connect the columns 2a, ..., and are rigidly joined to the columns 2a by standing on the independent foundations 1, 1 ,. .. are connected to each other to form a rectangular core 2 having a steel frame structure. However, as an actual core construction method, referring to FIG.
From the bolt joints 2d, ... of the above, a pre-construction in a state of being divided into left and right is made in a factory, transported to a construction site, and erected on the independent foundation 1, and then the bolt joints. It is efficient to bolt 2d through a joining plate.

In the core 2 thus formed, the reinforcing bars are arranged in a cage around the four beam steel members 2c, ... Which connect the bases of the four columns 2a ,. After the so-called underground beam reinforcement 2f is applied, concrete is poured to such an extent that the vicinity of the base of the pillar 2a is buried, and the bottom four steel beam members 2c, ... Are also buried. It is desirable to strengthen its bearing capacity by building it. At this time, the independent foundation 5 for fixing and holding the anchor plate 4 is also embedded in the solid foundation 3 in accordance with the position of the pillar made of laminated wood standing upright around the core 2. The anchor plate 4 is formed by welding a perforated plate 4b to a base plate 4a so as to form an inverted T-shaped cross section. The perforated plate 4b is fitted into the groove 6a provided at the base of the pillar 6, and bolts are inserted through bolt holes. By connecting, the base of the pillar 6 is fixed. 5a is an anchor bolt for fixing the anchor plate 4 to the base 5.

Thus, the pillars 6, 5, ... Are erected on the foundations 5, 5, ... For the pillars, and the beams between the pillars and between the core and the pillars 6 are made of laminated wood. Connect with 7, 7, ... First, in FIG. 1, the core 2 and the beam 7 are connected to each other at a position where the pillar 2a or the beam steel material 2c is connected to the beam 7.
The connecting plate 8 having the bolt holes 8a, 8a is integrally formed by welding in advance so as to be projected, and the split groove 7a provided at the mouth of the beam 7 is fitted therein as shown in FIG. A bolt hole (not shown) formed so as to be orthogonal to the split groove,
Align the bolt holes 8a of the connecting plate 8 with the bolts 9a, 9
Fix with a, .... The beam 7 and the column 6 are connected by sewing the cross-joint portion between them with bolts 9b, 9b, ... And tightening the nuts.

As shown in FIG. 6, when the ends of the two beams 7, 7 are abutted at a right angle at the corner of the building and joined to the pillar 6, for example, the bolt hole 10a. The joining metal fitting 10 is used in which the lower end of the L-shaped piece 10b having 10a, ... Is connected by the bottom piece 10c. In this case, one of the beams is bolted to the other side of the L-shaped piece while sandwiching one side of the L-shaped piece together with the pillar, and the other beam is bolted to the other side of the L-shaped piece.

On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, when joining horizontal wooden beams, the wooden beam joining metal fitting 100 is used as shown in FIG. This is because the fixing plate 102 to be fixed to the ostium surface 132 of one of the wooden beams 130 to be joined and the fixing plate 102 from the lower end 102b of the fixing plate at right angles to the fixing plate in the direction of the ostium surface 132 Engagement support edge 104 provided by extending the same
And an abutting fixing edge 103 provided by integrally extending the fixing plate at a right angle from the upper end 102a of the fixing plate 102 in a direction opposite to the engaging support edge 104.

The fixing plate 102 has a plurality of screw holes 105,
.. are bored, and the screw holes 105 ,.
As shown in FIG. 9, the fixing screws 112, 112, ... Can be inserted and firmly fixed to the ostium surface 132 of the one beam 130. Further, the contact fixing edge 103 is provided with a long hole 106 extending substantially in the same direction as the longitudinal direction of the one beam 130 to which the fixing plate 102 should be fixed, and an appropriate number of holes are provided around the long hole 106. Fixing nail holes 107, 107, ...
Is formed by drilling.

In the joining metal fitting 100 as described above, an engaging groove 133 into which the engaging support edge 104 is to be fitted is provided in advance in the mouth 132 of one beam 130, and the engaging support edge is fitted therein. The fixing plate 102 is brought into contact with the mouth end surface 132, and the joining metal fitting 100 is fixed to the mouth end surface 132 by the screw holes 105, ... And the fixing screws 112. If the beam 130 is a girder and the other beam 135 to be joined is a girder, the beam 130 is prepared with the joining metal fitting 100 fixed as described above and then raised. When
It is joined to the crossbeam.

In joining the two, the beam 130 is attached to the upper surface 136 of the beam 135 at the joining position of the other beam 135.
Abutment fixing edge 103 of the joining metal fitting 100 fixed to the
Is placed and positioned, and a guide hole for the lag screw bolt 115 is drilled downward through the elongated hole 106 of the contact fixing edge 103 by a drill. By inserting and tightening the lag screw bolt along this guide hole, the beam 131 is moved in the longitudinal direction of the long hole 1
It is temporarily positioned by the length allowed by 06, leaving the freedom of movement. When the positions of the beams 131 are finally determined by adjusting the relative positions of the columns, beams, etc., the nails are driven into the beams 135 through the nail holes 107, 107, ... Joining is completed.

In the above-mentioned joining, the wood mouth surface 132 is removed by the length L corresponding to the thickness of the fixing plate 102 from the upper end to the engaging groove 133, and the fixing plate 102 is screwed.
It is fixed by 2 but this is just beam 13
Butt portion 137 of the side surface of 6 and the lower surface 131 of the beam 130.
However, when it is vacant, it is considered that it will damage the aesthetics when looking up from below, and for joining the two,
The process of deleting the mouth end surface 132 is not essential.

The above-described joining metal fittings have a natural work posture and are inexperienced, since all the work performed when joining beams to each other is only work performed by an operator from above to the top face of the beam. Even an operator can perform it sufficiently accurately, and even if there are many operations that can be performed in a high place, fatigue is much less than in the conventional case, and workability is excellent.

Further, when one of the beams is inclined, the beams are joined to each other as shown in FIG. 10, which is a wooden beam joining fitting 2 made of a combination of a shaft fitting S and a bearing fitting B.
00 is used. The shaft metal fitting S is a fixing plate 202 to be fixed to a wood mouth surface 232 of one wooden beam 230 to be joined.
From the lower end 202b of the fixed plate 202,
2, a supporting edge 204 provided by integrally extending the fixing plate 202 in the direction of the mouth face 232, and from the vicinity of the upper part of the fixing plate 202, at right angles to the fixing plate and opposite to the supporting edge 204. And a support shaft 203 protruding in the direction.

The fixing plate has a plurality of screw holes 205, 20.
5, ... Are provided, and fixing screws 212,
, 212, ... Can be firmly fixed to the ostium surface 232 of the one beam 230. Also, the support shaft 203
Is a male screw portion 203a into which the tightening nut 206 can be screwed.
Is engraved.

The bearing fitting B is placed on the upper surface 236 of the other beam 235 to be joined to the one beam 230 to which the shaft fitting S is fixed, and a fixing piece 212 which can be fixed to the upper surface 236. , And a bearing piece 213 formed by extending one end of the fixing piece 212 at a right angle upward. One of the beams 23 to which the fixing plate 202 is to be fixed is fixed to the fixing piece 212.
Long hole 214 extending in the same direction as the longitudinal direction of 0
And, an appropriate number of fixing nail holes 215, 215, ... Are provided around the elongated hole 214.

The bearing piece 213 has a bearing portion 2 near the center.
A cylindrical opening 16 is provided, and a series of notches 217 for introducing the support shaft extending from the peripheral edge of the bearing piece 213 to the bearing 216 are provided.

In the joining metal fitting having such a structure, first, the shaft metal fitting S is first provided in the wooden mouth 232 of the one beam 230 with an engaging groove 233 into which the supporting edge 204 is to be fitted. The support edge 204 is fitted in the fixing plate 202 so that the fixing plate 202 is brought into contact with the mouth end surface 232, and the screw holes 205, ...
40, ... Beam 230
Is a beam, which should be joined to the other beam 235
However, if it is a girder, the beam 230 is joined to the girder at the time of erection when the joining metal fittings are prepared in a fixed state as described above.

Next, the bearing fitting B is fixed to the upper surface 236 of the beam 235 at the joining position of the other beam 235 by the fixing piece 21.
2 is placed and the long hole 214 of the fixing piece 212 is aligned with the guide hole of the lag screw bolt 218 previously drilled by a drill, and the lag screw bolt 218 is advanced along the guide hole and tightened. As a result, the bearing fitting B is temporarily positioned and fixed on the other beam 235, leaving the degree of freedom of movement within the range allowed by the elongated hole 214. It is preferable to perform this mounting work on the ground.

In this way, the shaft fitting and the bearing fitting are
Each of them is installed at a predetermined joining position, and when the building is raised,
Join. At the time of joining, the support shaft 203 of the shaft fitting attached to the beam 230 is fitted into the bearing portion 216 of the bearing fitting B attached to the girder 235 with the notch 217 as a guide passage. Next, lightly tap with a metal hammer etc.
3 is brought into contact with the fixing plate 202, the vertical inclination of the beam 230 is adjusted, and when the position is finally determined, the nails 240, ... Are passed through the nail holes 215, 215 ,. The bearing fitting B is completely fixed to the beam 235 by driving in from the upper surface 236. In addition, nut 2
According to 06, the joining of the two beams is completed by tightening both the metal fittings.

In the above description, even when the shaft fitting S is supported by the bearing fitting B, the beam 230 is rotatable about the support shaft. In order to fix this at a desired position, as shown in FIG.
2, an arm-shaped detent piece 207 is integrally provided laterally from 2, and nail holes 208, 2 are formed in the detent piece 207.
It is sufficient to fix it to the girder 235 through 08. Also,
The anti-rotation piece is bent in a bow shape toward the free end, the protruding end is sharply formed, bent in a hook shape, and fixed at the time of positioning by hitting the tip on the side surface of the girder 235. It may be a structure.

The beam-to-beam joining using the bearing fitting and the shaft fitting as described above is performed especially in the case of construction using a laminated material that can easily obtain a homogeneous beam having various curvatures. In the connection of a large beam having a large curved line or an inclination angle and a small beam, the coupling structure of the support shafts of the metal fittings S and B and the bearing portion has a high degree of freedom in positioning and extremely good workability. And, all the work to be done when joining the beams is only the work done by the worker from the top to the upper surface of the beam, so the work posture is natural, and even an inexperienced worker can accurately and quickly perform the work. Even if there are many operations that can be performed in high places, fatigue is much less than in the conventional case, and workability is excellent.

After the skeleton of the building is formed in this way, the frame is fixed by the brace 15 with the turnbuckle 16. However, when the floor is composed of the heat insulation panel described below, the rigidity is ensured by the panel,
Not necessarily required. Next, the floor, walls, and roof are constructed with insulating panels. As the heat insulating panel, for example, as shown in FIG. 13, a plate-shaped molded product 93 of a hard polyurethane foam having self-extinguishing property or flame retardancy is sandwiched between wood plates 91 and 92 on the front and back sides. Then, the heat insulating panel 90 formed by adhering and integrating is used. Wood board 9
Numerals 1 and 92 are film-like materials obtained by thinly slendering wood in the fiber direction and pressure-molded into a plate shape with an adhesive while aligning the fiber directions. Since there is no restriction, for example, the length x width is about 7.2.
You can freely make long items such as mx 1.2 m,
In FIG. 14, by using the same wall length from the first floor to the second floor, as shown in FIG. 15, between the pillars 6, 6,
A wall surface is formed by fixing the beams 7, 7, ... By a fastener such as a lag screw bolt. Reference numeral 62 denotes a filler that maintains airtightness between the column and the heat insulating panel, and a packing made of a stretchable material or a filler made of a silicone resin or the like is used if necessary.

The floor is formed by appropriately providing joists and arranging a heat insulating panel on the joist. In addition, the roof base 50 is provided on the core 2 in FIG.
Purlin 81 and rafters 82, 82 supported by 0, ...
Similarly, it is easily formed by attaching a heat insulating panel to the roof structure constituted by. At this time, it goes without saying that the above-mentioned joining fitting can be used for attaching the rafter 82 and the like. The wall surface 45 and the floor surface 40 thus formed are subjected to appropriate makeup work as needed, and a waterproof roofing material is attached to the roof base surface, and other necessary interior decorations. Construction is done.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the roof substrate, the wall, the floor, the partition, etc. are all formed by the long heat insulating panel. However, it is needless to say that this can be replaced with other materials as appropriate. Yes. In addition, as a structure that can maintain high airtightness and high heat insulation for a long period of time, all the beams, columns, etc. used laminated wood, which is stable for a long time, but this also does not prevent doing with natural wood. ..
Further, the shape of the core is not limited to the rectangular parallelepiped, and depending on the outer shape of the building, for example, if a polygonal shape is adopted as the planar shape,
There is no inconvenience.

[0034]

[Effects] In the building and the building method according to the present invention, the core that receives all the horizontal pulling force of the building is formed in the center, and thereby the wall surface is supported through the wooden beam member. Since it has a structure, no stud is structurally required between the core and the wall surface, and therefore, the degree of freedom of layout is extremely high. Moreover, since this structure enables the weight of the entire building to be reduced, it has high earthquake resistance.
Furthermore, since the metal skeleton does not reach the wall surface unlike the conventional prefabricated building, the heat insulating property inside the building is extremely high. Moreover, since the roof purlin can be supported by the ramen structure core through the cane, the number of the cane is small, and therefore, the attic also has the effect of forming a wide space with high utilization. .. In particular, the construction method of the present application requires a very short construction period and can greatly reduce the participation rate of skilled workers, so a building with excellent heat insulation, airtightness, sound insulation, and high durability, There is an effect that it can be built cheaply in a short period of time.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an example of a method of forming a core of a building of the present application.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a joint structure of a core, a beam, and a beam.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a pillar standing structure.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing an example of a fixture for fixing the base ends of columns.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory plan view showing an example of a combined state of columns and beams of the building of the present application.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a combined state of columns and beams in a corner portion of the building of the present application.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing an overall configuration of one embodiment of the building of the present application.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing a beam joining metal fitting used in the construction method of the present application in a used state.

9 is an explanatory diagram showing a method of fixing the joining metal fitting of FIG. 8 to a beam.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing another beam joint fitting used in the construction method of the present application.

11 is an explanatory view showing a method of using the joining metal fitting shown in FIG.

12 is an explanatory view showing another method of using the joining metal fitting shown in FIG.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a long heat insulating panel used in the building method of the present application.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing a mounted state of the long heat insulating panel shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 core 2b base plate 3 solid foundation 6 wooden pillar 7 wooden beam 100, 200 metal fittings for beam connection

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A core made of a framework having a steel frame structure constructed inside an outer wall surface, a wooden pillar standing around the core, and between the pillar and the core and between the pillars. A building characterized by having a frame of a building consisting of a wooden beam connecting the two. 2. The building according to claim 1, wherein at least the outer wall, the roof substrate, and the floor are made of a long heat insulating panel material. 3. The pillars and beams are each made of laminated wood, and the long heat insulating panel material is flame-retardant between wood boards formed by compressing film-like wood pieces in the fiber direction with an adhesive. 3. A building according to claim 2, which is a long heat insulating panel material formed by adhering a plate-shaped molded product of a flexible polyurethane foam into a sandwich shape and integrating them together. 4. A core made of a skeleton having a steel frame structure is formed on a foundation, and a wooden column is erected on the foundation arranged around the core, and the column and the core are wooden beams. To form a skeleton of the building, and by extending a long heat insulating panel material between the pillars and on the beams, a wall,
A method of constructing a building, characterized by forming at least one of a floor and a roof substrate. 5. A pillar and a beam are made of laminated wood, and a flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foam is formed between wood boards formed by laminating film-like wood pieces as a heat insulating panel material with the fiber directions aligned and compression-molded with an adhesive. The construction method according to claim 4, wherein a long heat insulating panel material formed by adhering plate-shaped molded products of a body in a sandwich shape and integrating them is used. 6. When connecting the wooden beams together, a combination of a shaft fitting and a bearing fitting is used, and the shaft fitting comprises a fixing plate that can be fixed to the wood mouth surface of one of the wooden beams, and the lower end of the fixing plate or its vicinity. Is provided by integrally extending the fixing plate in the direction of the wood mouth surface, and can be brought into contact with the lower surface of the one wooden beam or can be fitted into an engaging groove formed in the wood mouth surface. A bearing edge and a support shaft protruding from the fixing plate in a direction opposite to the bearing edge are provided, and the bearing fitting is attached to the other wooden beam to be joined to the one wooden beam from above. A fixing piece that can abut and fix, a bearing piece that has a bearing portion that is erected integrally with the fixing piece and that rotatably supports the support shaft on the fixing piece, and a bearing portion from the peripheral edge of the bearing piece. And a notch for introducing the support shaft up to The construction method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein a metal fitting for joining a wooden beam to be used is used. 7. The wooden beams are connected to each other by integrally fixing the fixing plate which can be fixed to the ostium surface of one wooden beam and the fixing plate from the lower end of the fixing plate or in the vicinity thereof toward the xylem surface direction. From the upper end of the fixing plate or the vicinity thereof, which is provided by being extended, and which is in contact with the lower surface of the one wooden beam or can be fitted into the engaging groove formed in the wood mouth surface. To the other wooden beam to be joined to the one wooden beam, which is provided by integrally extending the fixing plate in a direction opposite to the engaging bearing edge,
The method of construction according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the wooden beam joining metal fitting has an abutment fixing edge capable of abutting and fixing from above.