JPH05301133A - Cotter assembling method and cotter assembling device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enhance operation efficiency by providing an automatic assembling method and its device for an assembly work in which the device is made up of a compression spring allowing an axial body slidably and rotatably provided for a main body to take specified actions, a retainer retaining the compression spring in a compressed state, and of cotters keeping the retainer in a hold condition. CONSTITUTION:This is a cotter assembling method assembling an axial body 7 slidably and rotatably provided for a main body 10, a compression spring 1 allowing the axial body 7 to take specified actions, a retainer 4 retaining the compression spring 1 in a compressed state, and paired cotters 5 and 6 keeping the retainer 4 in a condition holding the axial body 7. The method is also provides a hold process 20 holding the cotters 5 and 6 in a condition ready to be assembled with the axial body 7. An evacuation process 66 allowing the retainer 4 to be evacuated from a cotter coupling position in the axial body 7 against compression spring force, an assembling process assembling the cotters 5 and 6 onto the axial body 7 at the cotter coupling position while being interlocked with the retaining action of the retainer 4 caused by compression spring force are provided.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a compression spring, a retainer for holding the compression spring in a compressed state, for causing a shaft provided slidably or rotatably on a main body to perform a predetermined operation. The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for automatically assembling an assembly consisting of a cotter for holding a retainer in a holding state, and the present invention relates to an intake / exhaust valve parts around a cylinder head block of an engine for vehicles and industrial machines. It is applied when assembling or when automatically assembling friction clutch parts of office equipment.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a compression spring and a compression spring are held in a compressed state in order to cause an intake valve and an exhaust valve, which are shaft bodies slidably provided in an engine, which is a main body, to perform a closing operation. A retainer and a cotter that holds the retainer in a holding state are provided.

Referring to the above-mentioned structure with reference to the drawings, FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view cut along a surface of a cylinder head portion of an engine passing through a valve, and FIG. 2 shows an assembled state thereof. It is a thing. As shown in both figures, the valve guide 10b is press-fitted into the valve shaft hole 10a of the cylinder head block 10 which is the main body, and the valve guide 10b is used for suction or
The exhaust valve 7 is held in the inserted state. In addition, a compression spring, which is a compression spring, is inserted in the outer peripheral portion of the upper end of the valve 7 for maintaining a closed state by a compression biasing force.
It is assembled to the state shown by using the retainer 4.
The above assembling method enables the assembling without using fasteners such as screws.

The principle of holding as described above will be described with reference to the operation explanatory view of FIG. 3. When the valve 7 is slidably held by the cylinder head block 10 which is the main body, the upper end of the valve 7 is held. The valve spring 1 which is a compression spring provided in the outer peripheral portion is in a state shorter than the free length,
A biasing force F1 that biases the valve 7 away from the cylinder head block 10 is generated. This urging force F1 is a vertical component force F on the tapered surface 4a of the retainer 4.
2 is generated, and the component force F3 shown in the figure is generated in the cotters 5 and 6, but in each of the cotters 5 and 6, a protrusion 5a having a shape matching the recess 7a formed in the valve 7 is formed. ，
6a is integrally formed, and brought into the holding state shown by the action of the component force F3.

In the above state, the valve 7 is opened and closed by pressing the top portion 7t of the valve 7 downward by the cam against the compression force of the valve spring 1.

The above-mentioned work of assembling the cylinder head is in a state close to manual work such as inserting the cotters 5 and 6 by freely dropping them, resulting in poor workability and poor productivity of inserting the cotter into a predetermined position. Was not good. In particular, recent vehicle engines tend to be multi-valve engines in which four to five valves are provided per cylinder, which complicates the structure of the engine block and makes work more difficult.

In office equipment, a structure is known in which a friction clutch is provided in the paper transport mechanism so that an excessive load does not reach the drive source. In this case, fasteners are manually operated. It was assembled using screws.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and an object thereof is to perform a predetermined operation on a shaft body slidably or rotatably provided on a main body. To provide an automatic assembly method and apparatus for an assembly, which includes a compression spring, a retainer that holds the compression spring in a compressed state, and a cotter that holds the retarder in the held state, in order to perform the work. It is to improve efficiency.

Another object of the present invention is to maintain the valve spring 1 in a state in which a predetermined compressive force is applied in the work of assembling valve surrounding parts of the engine, and to set the cotters 5 and 6 of the cotter to the valve shaft. 7 is fitted in the concave portion 7a provided in 7,
This is to automate the assembly of the engine block by keeping the cotters 5 and 6 in the aligned state and closing the retainer 4 to put it in the assembled state.

Another object of the present invention is to retain a compression spring and a compression spring so that a retainer provided on a shaft rotatably provided on a main body has a friction clutch function. It is to automate the assembly of an assembly including a retainer and a cotter that puts the retainer in the holding state.

[0011]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems and to achieve the object, the present invention has the following constitutions. That is, the cotter is held in the supply attitude state of the shaft body, the retainer is held in a position retracted from the cotter fitting position of the shaft body against the spring force of the spring, and then the cotter in the supply attitude state. Is supplied to the cotter assembling position of the shaft body, and the retainer is moved to the cotter assembling position by releasing the spring force of the spring.

Further, the present invention provides an engine / cylinder head assembling apparatus, wherein a cotter is sandwiched between an inner diameter portion and an outer diameter portion of the cotter, and a cotter supply means for holding the cotter at a cotter mounting position of the shaft body and a shaft body. And a means for retracting the retainer to the cotter mounting position of the shaft body by urging the inserted spring and the retainer, and by releasing the retracting of the retainer by the retracting means, the cotter and the retainer are attached to the cotter of the shaft body. We propose an automatic assembling device that is characterized in that it is assembled at the mounting position.

Further, the present invention proposes a method of picking up a cotter from the storage position of the cotter while holding the inner diameter and outer shape of the cotter while keeping the posture of supplying the cotter to the shaft body.

Further, the present invention proposes a method of moving the cotter while sliding it on the shaft so that the cotter picked up and held at the cotter fitting position on the shaft can be fitted accurately.

Further, in order to fit the cotter into the space between the shaft body and the retainer accurately, the present invention further comprises assembling the cotter through a process including a positioning operation of the cotter supplied to the shaft body. We propose an error-free automatic assembly method.

Further, according to the present invention, in order to pick up the cotter while keeping the posture of supplying the cotter to the shaft body, each cotter of the cotter is picked up from a state in which the cotters are separated and housed by the separating member, and the finger means is further provided. We propose a method in which the separated cotters are transferred to the finger means while maintaining the posture when the separated cotters are stored, and the transfer operation to the shaft body is performed simultaneously for each cotter.

Further, the present invention is a finger means for supplying all the divided parts of the cotter to the shaft body, and after the cotter is fitted in the fitting position on the shaft body, the retainer retracted position is moved by the spring force of the valve spring. At the time of returning, a method of releasing the squeezing operation of the cotter while applying an urging force to the finger means holding the cotter is proposed.

Further, the present invention provides the cotter supply means provided with a member having a function of separating each of the plurality of cotters, in the assembly apparatus having the cotter supply means and the retainer retracting means.

The present invention also provides a novel construction of a cotter storage magazine for delivering the divided cotters to the cotter supply means.

Then, an automatic assembling method of the friction clutch and its apparatus are provided.

[0021]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings, in which an engine head block and a friction clutch are assembled to a paper transport mechanism of office equipment. still,
Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same objects.

First, in the first embodiment, the retainer is inserted into the valve shaft of the engine head block, and the cotter is mounted between the retainer and the valve shaft against the spring force of the valve spring. An automatic assembly method for rotating parts, in which the cotter is held in a supply posture to the valve shaft,
The retainer resists the spring force of the valve spring and holds it at the position retracted from the cotter fitting position of the valve shaft, then supplies the cotter in the supply posture state to the cotter assembling position of the valve shaft and This is an assembling method characterized by moving the retainer to the cotter assembling position by releasing the spring force, and describes the case of assembling valves at two locations for each cylinder of the engine head block 10. .. (Overall Structure) First, FIG. 4 is a plan view of the assembling apparatus, and FIG. 5 is a view taken along the line TT of FIG. 4, showing a front view of the assembling apparatus. In both figures, the engine head block 10 is placed on the carrier 11a which is conveyed downstream in the direction of the arrow W in the figure on the conveyor 11, and is continuously conveyed from the previous step. A positioning device 12 for positioning the carrier 11a at a predetermined position is provided in the middle of the conveyor 11.
The carrier 11a is fixed in a fixed position.

Above the carrier 11a fixed and positioned in this way, a retainer pressing device 60 is provided, which is operated by an air cylinder 66 for pressing the retainer against the repulsive force of the valve spring. As shown in FIG. 5, a mechanism is provided which moves diagonally up and down in the V direction.

Further, a cotter storing magazine 40 for storing the cotters 5 and 6 is provided upstream of the retainer holding device 60.
Is provided and is supplied from a parts feeder 50 that accommodates a large number of cotters.

Next, on the side of the conveyor 11, the retainer pressing device 60 and the cotter storage magazine 40 are provided.
An orthogonal robot 15 is provided on the opposite side of the Y arm 15a for allowing the X arm 15b thereof to move in the Y arrow direction along the carrying direction of the carrier 11a.
Are provided as shown. Also, the X arm 15b
A carriage 16 is provided above the carriage 16 so as to be movable in the X arrow direction, and the finger unit 20 mounted on the carriage 16 is provided so as to be movable in the X and Y directions, while being shown in FIG. As described above, the carriage 16 further includes a lifting device 16a for moving the finger unit 20 in the vertical direction, which is the Z direction.

Further, a rotating mechanism 16b is fixed to the lower end portion of the elevating device 16a, and the rotating mechanism 16b.
Is rotated in the direction of the arrow W in the figure so that the finger unit 20 is rotated to a position where it matches the inclination of the valve shaft 7.

Next, the above-mentioned conveyor 11 is provided so as to straddle the space portion sandwiched between the left and right work benches 13 and 14, which facilitates the work of the operator and, at the same time, installs the valve pressing device 70 in this space portion. It is provided to prevent the valve shaft 7 from falling at a predetermined position and hold it.

Each of the above-described devices is connected to the central control device 100 and is configured to operate in a linked manner in the order described below. The configurations of the respective devices, which are particularly characteristic of the present invention, will be described below.

(Structure of Finger Unit 20) FIG. 6 is an external view showing a schematic structure of fingers for picking up the cotters 5 and 6 from the cotter storing magazine 40 and conveying the picked up cotter into the engine cylinder head. Is.

In the figure, 21 is a member for attaching the entire finger unit 20 to the above-mentioned rotating mechanism 16b, 27 is an angle, and the angle 27 is along the guide rail 22 in which the guide portion 23 is attached to the member 21. It is configured to be movable. The angle 27 is always urged downward by the first spring member 24 in the P3 direction shown in the drawing. Reference numeral 25 is a spring insertion rod member extending from the upper end of the angle 27, and 26 is a guide member fixed to the mounting member 21. Reference numeral 28 denotes a member that houses a drive mechanism for a finger member, which will be described later, and is attached to the angle member 27. Finger members 35 and 36 are provided so as to penetrate through holes 27a and 27b formed in the L-shaped angle 27.

Reference numeral 22 is a guide rail for moving fingers fixed inside the storage member 28, and 23 is a guide rail 22.
It is a guide member fixed to the finger members 35 and 36 fitted with. Further, the air cylinder 39 shown by the broken line is attached to the storage member 28 in order to open and close the finger member 35 in the P1 and P2 directions shown in the drawing.

On the other hand, a member for driving the other finger member 36 to open and close in the same manner as the finger member 35 is housed in the accommodating member 28 in a substantially similar structure, and the finger member 3 is operated by the operation of each air cylinder.
Reference numerals 5 and 36 are configured to perform an opening / closing operation (P1 and P2 directions), and are configured to grip a cotter.

That is, the tips of the finger members 35 and 36 are formed in a forked shape, and the tips 35a, 35b, 36a and 36b of the forks are groove portions formed in a cotter storage magazine 40 described later. 42
The cotters inserted into the a, 42b, 41a and 41b from above and gripping the cotters housed in the magazine 40 by opening and closing the finger members in the P2 and P3 directions.

Reference numeral 30 denotes a member called a cotter guide, which is inserted into a guide cylinder member 31 attached to the angle member 27 so as to be slidable in the vertical direction, and its upper end 34 is guided by the fixed guide member 28a. It is fitted in the hole 33 to prevent the cotter guide 30 from rotating. Reference numeral 32 is a second spring member for pressing and biasing the cotter guide 30 downward in the P4 direction shown. Further, 29a and 29b are retainer pressing devices 60 described later.
The guide pin is provided for accurate alignment between the finger unit 20 and the finger unit 20.

(Description of the cotter storage magazine 40) FIG. 7
FIG. 4 is an external view of a main part of the cotter storage magazine 40, and is shown together with the tip part of the finger unit 20 described above. In this figure, the base plate 46 which forms the base of the cotter storage magazine 40 is fixed at a predetermined position on the left workbench 13 of the above-mentioned apparatus, and is separated between the plate members 47 provided under the base plate 46. It holds the piece 45. In this substrate 46, central holes 41 and 42 and grooves 42a and 42 extending from the periphery of the holes to the front, rear, left and right as shown in the drawing.
b, 41a, 41b, 43a, 43b are formed.

The separating piece 45 is integrally constituted by a cylindrical portion 45a which is substantially cylindrical and a guide portion 45b which extends in the front and rear direction from the cylindrical portion and extends into the groove portions 43a and 43b. The space surrounded by the separation piece 45 and the holes 42 and 41 of the base 46 serves as a storage portion for the cotters 5 and 6. On the other hand, the separating piece 45 is inserted into the holes 41 and 42 of the base 46,
A spring member 48 shown by a broken line is disposed between the bottom surface of the columnar portion 45a of the separating piece 45 and the plate member 47, and is separated when the cotter is picked up by the finger member 36 and the finger member 35 described above. The separating piece is configured to sink into the holes 41 and 42 by the downward pressing force of the piece 45.

In the cotter storing magazine 40 and the finger unit 20 described above, the magazine stores the cotters supplied from the parts feeder 50 in the separated state by the separating pieces 45 in the holes 42 and 41 formed in the magazine base 46. It Continue to finger unit 20
The fork portions at the tips of the finger members 35 and 36 of FIG.
b, 41a, 41b can be moved, and the separating piece 45 is settled by the pushing operation of the cotter guide 30.

As a result, the finger units 20 are driven in the directions of the arrows P2 and P3 to move the cotters 5 and 6 stored in the storage magazine 40 to the cotter guide 30.
The distal end portion 30a of the sheet, the finger member 36, and the finger member 35 are brought into a gripping state, and the magazine 40
The cotters 5 and 6 housed inside can be gripped.

(Explanation of retainer pressing device 60) Next,
The structure of the retainer pressing device 60 that holds the retainer 4 against the compression repulsive force of the valve spring 1 at the upper end of the shaft portion of the valve shaft 7 will be described with reference to the external perspective view of FIG. 8. Figure 8
In the above, the retainer pressing device 60 is fixed on the left workbench 13, 61 and 62 are unit body block members of the retainer pressing unit, and 65 is a moving member, which is a pair of guide members attached to the horizontal block 62. An air cylinder 66 along 63 is configured to be movable in the direction of arrow Q. Reference numeral 64 is a receiving member attached to the moving member side fitted with the guide member 63.

67 indicates two retainer pressing members,
Each of the moving members 65 is attached by an attaching member 68. The retainer pressing member 67 has a hollow cylindrical shape, and the communication hole formed in the mounting member 68 communicates with the upper opening 67a of the retainer pressing member 67, and the communication hole 67a is connected to the finger unit 20 described above. Cotter guide 30 and finger members 35,
36 has an inner diameter sufficient for insertion.

The mounting member 68 is provided with a positioning member for positioning the cotter guide 30 into each communication hole 67a.
Holes 69a and 69b that fit with the positioning pins 29b and 29a provided on the finger unit 20 are provided.

(Explanation of Operation) Assembling of the device having the above-described structure The flow charts of FIGS. 9 and 10 and
Described based on the operation explanatory views shown in FIGS. 11 to 20, when the work is started, the central control unit 100 is started, and in step S1, the engine head block 10 is moved to the W of the conveyor 11 from the previous step. It is transported by moving in the direction. Then, in step S3, the positioning mechanism 12 is driven and the carry 11a is fixed at a predetermined position.

On the other hand, before and after step S1, at step S2, as shown in FIG.
The cotters 5 and 6 are automatically supplied (in the direction of arrow H) from
As shown, the cotter magazine 40 is set in holes 41 and 42 at predetermined positions. After that, in step S4, the orthogonal robot 15 and the rotating mechanism 16b are driven in a predetermined manner, and as shown in FIG. 12, driving in the X1, Y, Z1, and W directions is performed, and the finger unit 20 is moved to the cotter. It is confirmed that it has moved to a predetermined position on the storage magazine 40 (step S5).

When the finger unit 20 comes above the cotter storage magazine 46 in this way, step S
6, the finger unit 20 is moved down in the Z1 direction as shown in FIG. When this downward movement is continued, the lower end surface of the cotter guide 30 of the finger unit and the upper surface of the columnar portion 45a of the separation piece 45 of the magazine 46 come into contact with each other.

After that, as the finger unit 20 continues to move downward, the separating piece 45 is moved to the spring member 48.
The spring 48 is compressed and sinks into the hole 42 against the spring force. Before and after this, the fork portions at the tips of the finger members 35 and 36 enter the groove portions 42a, 42b, 41a, 41b of the cotter storage magazine 40. At this time, the spring force of the spring 32 pressing the cotter guide 30 downward is set to be larger than the spring force of the spring 48 provided in the cotter storage magazine 40. For example, the spring 32 is 600 g, the spring 4 is
Since 8 is set to 200 g, the separation piece 45 will be moved downward.

The spring 24 for urging the finger unit 20 as a whole downward is set to, for example, about 3000 g, which is overwhelmingly larger than the spring force of the springs 32 and 48.

In this way, as shown in FIG. 13, after the finger unit 20 is lowered to the predetermined position, the operation proceeds to step S7 where the air cylinder 39 starts to be driven and the finger members 35 and 36 are moved. As a result of the driving in the arrow P1 direction, the cotters 5 and 6 are clamped by the tip end portion 30a of the cotter guide 30 and the tip end portions 35a, 35b, 36a and 36b of the finger members 35 and 36.

On the other hand, before and after the step S4, the process proceeds to the step S8, the valve pressing device 70 is driven to hold the valve shaft 7 at a predetermined position, and the valve spring 1 and the retainer 4 are connected to the upper end of the valve shaft 7. It is made to be held in the part. This state is the natural state of the valve spring 1 and the retainer 4
Is only mounted on the spring 1, and the recess 7a formed in the valve shaft 7 is closed by the retainer 4, which is the preparation shown in FIG.

Following this, in step S9, the drive of the retainer pressing device 60 in the V1 direction is started by the operation of the air cylinder 66. After this, step S
10, the valve spring 1 is compressed, the retainer 4 is moved to the standby position, and the retainer 4 is stopped at a predetermined position, as shown in FIG.

As described above, the valve shaft 7 is attached to the engine block 10,
The valve spring 1 and the retainer 4 are held in a set state. For this reason, the retainer pressing member 67 is lowered by the driving of the air cylinder 66, and accordingly, the retainer formed at the tip of the cylindrical inner diameter portion 67a of the pressing member 67. The engagement portion 67e and the retainer 4 are engaged with each other, and the retainer pressing member 67 is lowered to a predetermined position, whereby the valve spring 1 is released.
Is compressed and the retainer 4 is maintained in a position retracted from the concave portion 7a of the valve shaft 7, resulting in the state shown in FIG.

Then, the retainer 4 in the engine block 10 by the retainer pressing device 60 is maintained in the retracted position, and the process proceeds to step S11.
The finger unit 20 which has already picked up the cotters 5 and 6 is driven in the X2 and W directions, and the finger unit 20 is directed toward the upper end of the valve shaft 7 to form the arrow Z1.
16 is moved downward to obtain the state shown in FIG.

As the finger unit 20 descends, the positioning pins 29b and 29a are aligned with the positioning holes 69 formed in the mounting member 68 of the retainer pressing unit 60.
a, 69b, so that the finger unit 2
Mutual alignment between the cotters 5 and 6 held at 0 and the valve shaft 7 is performed.

Thereafter, when the operation proceeds to step S12 and the finger unit 20 continues to descend in the direction of the arrow Z1, the cotter guide 30 and the valve shaft 7 are kept in contact with each other and the cotter guide 30 is moved as shown in FIG. When the spring of the pressing spring member 32 is bent, the cotter guide 3
0 acts as a pressing force on the valve shaft 7 and stops.

Next, in step S13, as shown in FIG. 18, the finger members 35 and 36 descend as the unit 20 descends, and along with this, the finger members 3 and 36.
The cotters 5 and 6 held at the tips of the valves 5 and 36 are transferred from the cotter guide 30 to the valve shaft 7 side and move from the upper end to the lower end of the valve shaft 7. When the cotters 5 and 6 that move the valve shaft 7 come into a state of engaging with the recess 7a formed in the valve shaft 7, the cotters 5 and 6 stop moving. In this state, the spring force of the spring 24 for urging the finger unit 20 as a whole downward is set to a large value, so that it does not slump.

Next, at step S14, when the cylinder 66 of the retainer pressing unit 60 raises the retainer pressing device 60 so as to release the pressure (in the direction of arrow V2), the repulsive force of the valve spring 1 causes the retainer 4 to move. Is raised, and as the retainer 4 rises, the upper portions of the retainer 4 abut on the finger members 35 and 36. After this, the entire finger unit 20 is guided by the guide 2.
When the spring 24 is bent by using the guide 3 as a guide and is raised, the tips of the cotters 5, 6 are inserted into the space formed by the inner diameter of the retainer 4 and the valve shaft 7.

As shown in FIG. 20, the cotters 5 and 6 are fitted between the retainer 4 and the valve shaft 1 due to the rise of the retainer 4 accompanying the return of the valve spring 1 described above, and the retainer serves as the valve spring. While maintaining a predetermined spring force, the cotter holds the valve shaft. Since the assembly is completed as described above, the process proceeds to step S16, the valve pressing device 70 is lowered, the positioning device 12 is released in step S17, and preparations for carrying to the next step are prepared.

In the above embodiment, the valve holding mechanism 70 for exclusive use is provided below the conveyor 11 to prevent the valve shaft 7 preset in the engine head block 10 from falling and holding it at a predetermined position. If the engine head block 10 is mounted on and fixed to 11a and set so as to prevent it from falling, the valve holding mechanism 70 becomes unnecessary. FIG. 21 shows the engine head block 10 on the carrier 11a.
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary cutaway view showing a state of mounting and fixing a valve shaft, in which a protrusion 11e is formed on a carrier 11a at a position corresponding to a lower portion of the valve shaft 7 in the illustrated state. 7 is held at a predetermined position. If such a carrier 11a is provided, the above steps S8 and S16 can be omitted and the processing speed can be further increased. Further, since the valve shaft 7 is inclined to the left and right from the horizontal plane, the rotating mechanism 16b is required, but the toilet shaft 7 is perpendicular to the horizontal conveying surface of the conveyor 11.
Is provided, the rotation mechanism 16b becomes unnecessary,
It is possible to shorten the time corresponding to the operating time of this mechanism.

(Other Embodiments) Next, as a structure of another embodiment, an example of a structure in which a friction clutch is provided on a driving roller in a paper feeding mechanism of a copying machine will be described.

FIG. 22 is a fragmentary cutaway view showing an example of a structure in which a friction clutch is provided on a drive roller in a paper feed mechanism of a copying machine. In this figure, the paper feed mechanism 110 has side plates 121 provided on both edges of the base. , 120, and bearings are press-fitted to the side plates to provide rubber rollers 112, 1.
11 is rotatably supported. The rubber roller 112 is a driven rubber roller, the rubber roller 111 is a driving rubber roller, and the driven rubber roller 112 is rotated by the rotation of the driving rubber roller, and the paper P sandwiched between the rollers.
Is configured to send.

The rubber roller 111 is a shaft body 10 as a core metal.
7, one of the shafts 107 is provided so as to project from the side plate 121 by a predetermined length, and a retaining ring 115 is provided on the way. Further, a recess 107a is formed near the end of the shaft body 107, and each cotter 105,
The convex portions 105 a and 106 a formed on the concave portion 106 are concave portions 10.
7a.

The drive gear 131 shown by the broken line is fixed to the output shaft of the motor 130 and meshes with the driven gear 104, but the motor 130 is assembled as a separate assembly. The driven gear 104 is formed with a tapered surface portion 104 a, and the retaining ring 11 described above is formed.
5 and the tapered surface portion 104 by the action of the force of the compression spring 101 provided while maintaining the compressed state.
a and the taper surfaces of the cotters 105 and 106 contact each other,
The driven gear 104 is prevented from slipping in the axial direction. Further, the rotational torque is transmitted by the frictional force due to the contact between the tapered surfaces.

With the above-mentioned structure, there is an advantage that a friction clutch can be formed in addition to the retainer fixed to the valve shaft of the engine in the above-described embodiment. That is, when thick paper or foreign matter is caught between the rollers, the rubber roller is damaged, the gear is damaged, or the motor is burned. However, the driven gear 104 and the shaft body 107 have the cotters 105, 106 and the driven gear 104. Taper surface portion 104a and cotter convex portions 105a and 106a
Since it is rotatably fixed by the frictional force caused by the contact, it is possible to prevent the mechanical part from being damaged when an overload torque is applied, causing slippage.

The assembling method in this configuration can be carried out in the same manner as the assembling around the valve of the above-mentioned engine. In the following, the engine head block 10 described above, the retainer 4 to the driven gear 104, and the valve spring. 1 for compression spring 101
And the valve shaft 7 may be replaced by the shaft body 107,
23 and 24 show configuration examples of the entire apparatus.

FIG. 23 is a plan view of the assembling apparatus for the paper feed mechanism 110, and FIG. 24 is a view taken along the arrow TT of FIG. 23, showing a front view of the assembling apparatus. In both figures, the same reference numerals are given to the configurations already described, the description is omitted, and only the device part will be described.
Since the paper feed mechanism 110 is in a substantially assembled state, the valve holding device 70 is unnecessary. Further, since the shaft body 107 is substantially perpendicular to the surface of the conveyor 11, the rotating mechanism 16b is unnecessary.

Next, referring to FIGS. 25 and 26, the cotter 105,
Modified examples of the shaft 106 and the shaft body 107 are shown. In FIG. 25,
The projections of the cotters 105 and 106 may be eliminated, and the cotters 105 and 106 may have the shape shown in the drawing, and the collar 107a of the shaft body 107 may be used to prevent the axial direction from coming off. The assembly of the cotter in this case can be performed in the same manner as the valve rotation of the engine described above.

In FIG. 26, the cotters 105, 10
6 and the shaft 107 side are also provided with a tapered surface 31a so as to be in contact with and fixed to the tapered surface 23d of the shaft. In this case, the taper surface portion 107c is provided, and the contact area becomes large, so that there is an advantage that the fixing in the rotation direction can be stably performed, and the assembling can be performed in the same manner as the above.
The present invention may be applied to a system including a plurality of devices or an apparatus including a single device. Further, it goes without saying that the present invention can be applied to the case where it is achieved by supplying a program to a system or an apparatus.

As described above, according to the present invention, the parts assembling work can be carried out almost automatically.

Further, according to the present invention, when the cotter is moved from the supply position to the valve shaft, the cotter is moved while sliding on the valve shaft. Since it can be moved to the combined position, mistakes in the assembly operation could be prevented.

Further, according to the present invention, by performing the positioning by the positioning pin of the finger unit and the positioning hole of the retainer pressing unit in the step before the transfer from the finger unit to the valve shaft, the cotter and the valve shaft are misaligned. Can be automatically prevented, and thus the reliability of assembly work can be improved.

Further, in the present invention, when the cotter is held and transferred to the valve shaft when the cotter is held, the cotter is stored in a separated state by the separating member, and when the cotter is picked up by the finger means, the cotter storage posture. By keeping the separation member retracted and shifting the pick-up from the storage position to the finger means while maintaining the above, the reliability of the assembling work can be improved.

Further, the assembling apparatus according to the present invention has the configuration of the cotter storage magazine and the configuration of the finger unit.
Since the cotter can be picked up while maintaining the posture of supplying to the valve shaft and can be conveyed to the assembling position while maintaining its posture, the accuracy of the assembling work can be increased.

Further, it was confirmed that the friction clutch can be automatically attached to the shaft body.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cutaway view of a main part around a valve of a cylinder head of an engine.

FIG. 2 is a fragmentary cutaway view showing how main parts of a cylinder head are assembled.

FIG. 3 is an operation explanatory diagram of a cotter.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the entire device.

5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line TT of FIG.

6 is an external perspective view of the finger unit 20. FIG.

FIG. 7 is an external perspective view of a cotter storage magazine.

8 is a perspective view of a main part of a retainer holding device 60. FIG.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the apparatus.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the apparatus.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of the first half of a cotter assembling operation.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of the first half of the assembling operation of the cotter.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of the first half of the assembling operation of the cotter.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of the first half of a cotter assembling operation.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of a first half of a cotter assembling operation.

FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of the latter half of the assembling operation of the cotter.

FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram of the latter half of the assembling operation of the cotter.

FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram of the latter half of the assembling operation of the cotter.

FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram of the latter half of the assembling operation of the cotter.

FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram of the latter half of the assembling operation of the cotter.

FIG. 21 is a sectional view of an essential part of an engine head block.

FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view of the main parts of the paper feeding mechanism.

FIG. 23 is a plan view of the entire assembling apparatus for the paper feeding mechanism.

24 is a sectional view taken along the line TT of FIG.

FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part of the paper feeding mechanism.

FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view of the main parts of the paper feeding mechanism.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Valve Spring (Compression Spring) 4 Retainer 5, 6 Cotter 10 Cylinder Head Block 15 Cartesian Robot 16 Carriage 20 Finger Unit 24 Spring 40 Cotter Storage Magazine 45 Separation Piece (Separation Member) 20 Finger Unit 35 Finger Member 35 Finger Member 30 Cotter Guide 50 parts feeder 60 retainer presser device 66 air cylinder 67 retainer presser member 100 central control device

Claims (16)

[Claims] 1. A shaft body slidably or rotatably provided with respect to a main body, a compression spring for causing the shaft body to perform a predetermined operation, and a retainer for holding the compression spring in a compressed state. A method of assembling a cotter for assembling a pair of cotters for holding the retainer with respect to the shaft body, comprising: a holding step of holding the cotter in a supply posture state capable of being assembled with the shaft body, The retracting step of retracting the retainer from the cotter fitting position of the shaft body against the compression spring force, and the cotter at the cotter fitting position in association with the return operation of the retainer by the compression spring force. A cotter assembling method comprising: an assembling step of assembling to a body. 2. The holding of the cotter is performed by sandwiching the inner diameter portion and outer shape portion of the cotter and transferring the cotter to the upper end of the shaft body, and sliding the cotter on the shaft body at the cotter engagement position of the shaft body. The cotter assembling method according to claim 1, wherein the assembling is performed by moving the cotter. 3. The cotter assembly according to claim 1, wherein when the cotter is supplied to the assembly position of the shaft body from the retracted position of the cotter fitting position of the retainer, the cotter is aligned. Method. 4. The cotter is placed in a state in which each cotter is separated and accommodated by a separating member, and when the cotter is changed to a supply posture, the separating member is excluded from between the cotters. The cotter assembling method according to claim 1, wherein: 5. The cotter assembling method according to claim 3, wherein the retainer is moved from the retracted position to the cotter fitting position by a spring force of a compression spring. 6. The cotter is transferred to a shaft body, and when the shaft body is slid and assembled, all of the pair of cotters are transferred and slid at the same time. The cotter assembly method described in. 7. The cotter assembling method according to claim 1, wherein a biasing force is applied to the means for pinching the cotter when the cotter is unpinched during the return operation of the retainer. 8. The main body is a cylinder head of an engine of an engine, the shaft body is a valve shaft for opening and closing intake and exhaust air formed in the cylinder head, and the compression spring is a valve spring and the retainer is 8. The cotter is assembled between the insertion retainer and the valve shaft against the spring force of the valve spring.
The cotter assembly method described in. 9. A cotter supply means for holding a cotter between an inner diameter part and an outer shape part of the cotter and holding the cotter at a cotter mounting position of a shaft body, a spring inserted through the shaft body and a retainer for urging the retainer. And a means for retracting the retainer to the cotter mounting position of the shaft body, and by releasing the retracting of the retainer by the retracting means, the cotter and the retainer are assembled to the cotter mounting position of the shaft body. Attached device. 10. The cotter supply means includes a cotter guide located substantially in the center of the cotter for holding the plurality of divided cotters in a pick-up manner, and a finger member for pressing the cotter against the cotter guide. The cotter assembling apparatus according to claim 9, further comprising: 11. A means for aligning a supply position of a cotter when the cotter is supplied by the cotter supply means to the retainer retracted by the retracting means. The cotter assembling device described in. 12. A cotter storage magazine for delivering a cotter to the cotter supply means, wherein the cotter storage magazine has a magazine main body provided with a storage hole portion for storing each cotter, and a spring biasing force in the hole portion. The cotter assembling apparatus according to claim 9, further comprising a member for separating the stored cotter. 13. To provide a friction clutch on the shaft,
The main body is a casing that pivotally supports the shaft body, the retainer is a driven gear provided on the shaft body, and the compression spring is in a compressed state between the driven gear and the retaining ring member of the shaft body. A method for assembling a cotter, wherein the cotter is a retained compression spring, and the cotter is assembled against the spring force of the compression spring. 14. The cotter assembling method according to claim 13, wherein the shaft is a core of a paper feeding rubber roller of a copying machine or the like, and the main body is configured as a paper feeding mechanism. 15. In order to provide a friction clutch on the shaft body, the main body is a casing that pivotally supports the shaft body, the retainer is a driven gear provided on the shaft body, and the compression spring is the A cotter assembling device, characterized in that a compression spring is held in a compressed state between a driven gear and a retaining ring member of the shaft body, and the cotter is assembled against the spring force of the compression spring. 16. The cotter assembling apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the shaft is a core of a paper feeding rubber roller of a copying machine or the like, and the main body is configured as a paper feeding mechanism.