JPH05296A - Purification of waste water - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To keep excellent purifying action over a long period of time by transmitting waste water through a waste water purifying material formed by transferring aerobic bacteria to porous high briquette char made by washing low-grade coal with on acid in a definite flow rate and subjecting the adsorbed suspended substance in waste water to digestive decomposition. CONSTITUTION:Waste water from which oils and fats are removed is sent to aeration tanks 5A... and the suspended substance other than oils and fats in waste water is removed. A waste water purifying material 5a prepared by transferring aerobic bacteria to porous high briquetted char prepared by immersing low-grade coal in sulfuric acid for 24hr as a raw material is arranged to the aeration tank 5A. When the waste water introduced from an injection port 52 is transmitted through the waste water purifying material 5a from below upward in an almost definite flow rate, the suspended substance in the waste water is adsorbed by the numberless pores of the waste water purifying material 5a and successively subjected to digestive decomposition by aerobic bacteria. Therefore, the purifying material can be used over a long period of time without generating clogging.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for purifying household wastewater, livestock wastewater and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a wastewater purification method for purifying this type of wastewater, a chemical neutralization method, an aeration method, an adsorption method and the like have been known.

The chemical neutralization method has a problem that the running cost is high because a chemical is used every day, and the waste disposal cost is increased because the amount of sludge is increased. The aeration treatment method is to supply a large amount of air forcibly into the wastewater to gasify the pollutants suspended or dissolved in the wastewater, to accelerate the decomposition by microorganisms, and to generate sludge generated by this. However, since the reaction is slow, it is necessary to take a large space for aeration treatment.

[0004] The method of adsorbing and removing pollutants in wastewater with activated carbon is one of the effective methods because the minute pores of activated carbon have a high adsorption capacity. If it becomes clogged, it will not be adsorbed and must be replaced. As is well known, since activated carbon is quite expensive, it is not profitable to replace it frequently, and there is also a problem that waste water cannot be treated at the time of replacement.

A technique capable of obtaining the same effect as expensive activated carbon at a low cost is proposed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-22409. That is, if low-grade coal is used as a raw material and is made porous by pickling it, contaminants in the wastewater are adsorbed in the micropores of the activated carbon, so that the wastewater is disclosed to be purified. ing. In particular,
By making porous activated coal into fine powder of 160-200 mesh, it can be suspended on the water surface for a while, and it is reported that this is an effective technique that can remove crude oil floating on the water surface. ing.

[0006]

As described above, the activated carbon and the activated coal proposed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-22409 have good adsorption of pollutants into the fine pores of the activated carbon when initially installed in wastewater. The effect of purifying wastewater is great.
However, even a myriad of micropores have the drawback that, when adsorbed and deposited pollutants in wastewater over time, they eventually lose their purification action. The present invention intends to provide a wastewater purification treatment method which uses a porous substance having innumerable micropores excellent in adsorption ability and can maintain the excellent purification action at the time of initial installation for a long period of time. It is a thing.

[0007]

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, in which aerobic microorganisms are transferred to a hybridet char in which low-grade coal is made porous by pickling or the like. The wastewater purifying method is characterized in that the wastewater purifying material formed by permeating the wastewater at a constant flow rate and digesting and decomposing the pollutants adsorbed to the wastewater purifying material by the aerobic microorganisms.

[0008]

[Function] The hybridet char carrying aerobic microorganisms has a heat-retaining effect because it is made from low-grade coal (it is obvious that coal loaded in the field may spontaneously ignite), and it is especially useful in winter. Sufficient temperature is secured for microbial activity, except in cold regions. Therefore, the aerobic microorganisms transferred to the hybridette char do not die even in winter. In addition, since a large amount of wood remains in the hybridet char, aerobic microorganisms eat the wood part of the hybrid char even if the waste water treatment may be interrupted due to suspension of waste water treatment such as during the year-end and New Year holidays. Can survive.

When general wastewater such as household wastewater in which pollutants are suspended or dissolved is permeated to the above-mentioned wastewater purification material carrying aerobic microorganisms at a substantially constant flow rate, the wastewater permeates the wastewater purification material. At this time, the pollutants are adsorbed and removed by the innumerable micropores of the wastewater purification material, and the pollutants adsorbed in the micropores are successively digested and decomposed by the aerobic microorganisms, so that the micropores of the wastewater purification material are long-term. No clogging even when used.

[0010]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings. Waste water (in this case, kitchen waste water) is temporarily stored in the raw water pit 1 and sent to the flow rate adjusting tank 2 by means of a pump or the like. A screen 2a made of stainless steel is provided at the introduction part of the flow rate adjusting tank 2 to separate and remove solid matters such as relatively large dust in the wastewater.

Since the wastewater purification method of the present invention is a method of digesting and decomposing pollutants in wastewater by microorganisms, it is desirable that a substantially constant amount of wastewater always flows in considering the decomposing ability of microorganisms. Therefore, from the flow rate adjustment tank 2, 6.25 m ³ (150 m ^{3 of} daily conversion) of waste water is sent to the water quality adjustment tank 3 every hour.

When a large amount of wastewater temporarily flows into the raw water pit 1 and therefore a large amount of wastewater is also sent to the flow rate adjusting tank 2 and overflows, a cushion tank 2A is provided and it is temporarily returned to the raw water pit 1. good. By installing such a cushion tank 2A, it becomes easy to deal with not only temporary increase / decrease of wastewater but also fluctuations throughout the day and night or seasonal fluctuations.

In the water quality adjusting tank 3, a chemical 3a such as a neutralizing agent and a deodorant is added as needed. The wastewater whose water quality has been adjusted is sent to the solid-oil liquid separation tank 4A. The solid oil liquid separation tank 4
Wastewater carrying a facultative anaerobic microorganism capable of digesting and decomposing oils and fats (for example, microorganism TBC-0001 shown in FIG. 4—requested to be certified by the Institute of Fine Arts, September 27, 1988) to A. The purification material 4a is installed.

The waste water purifying material 4a is made of low-grade coal (for example, lignite or brown coal) as a raw material, and 0.3 to 0.4 g of the hybrid hybrid char 41 made porous by being immersed in sulfuric acid for 24 hours.
After processing into small particles of /
Transfer the facultative anaerobic microorganism to about 10 cells / g, and
Approximately 4 inside the filter media (for example, cotton cloth) 42 of 0x30 cm
It is arranged in an average distribution of 0 pieces, and is held by a case 43 made of stainless steel and provided in three stages.

The waste water inlet 44 is eccentrically provided on the bottom side body portion, and the waste water injected vigorously from the inlet 44 rotates along a circular wall surface, so that it is suspended in the waste water. The solid matter is condensed and sedimented. The separated solid matter is sent to the suspended matter digestion decomposition tank 9A.

When the wastewater from which the solid matter has been removed passes through the wastewater purifying material 4a provided in three stages from bottom to top,
Oils and fats are adsorbed and removed by the filter material 42 to be purified. The fats and oils adsorbed on the filter medium 42 are successively digested and decomposed by the facultative anaerobic microorganisms, so that the fats and oils adsorbed do not cause the filter medium 42 to be clogged.

The waste water purified by the waste water purifying material 4a is discharged from the upper discharge port 45 and sent to another solid oil-liquid separation tank 4B having the same structure as the solid oil liquid separation tank 4A.
Residual fats and oils that could not be removed only by the solid-oil liquid separation tank 4A are digested and decomposed again to be removed. In this way, almost no fat or oil remains in the wastewater that has passed through the solid-oil-liquid separation tanks 4A and 4B.

The wastewater from which the oil and fat components have been removed is subsequently sent to an aeration tank of 5 A or less, and contaminants other than the oil and fat components are removed. In the aeration tank 5A, a hybrid water made from low-grade coal as a raw material was mixed with a waste water purifying material 5a in which about 10 pieces / g of aerobic microorganisms, rhizobia, were transferred, and a large number of water passage holes were formed. It is installed on the middle shelf 51 made of punching metal, which is processed into a cube of 5 cm and spread to a height of 40 cm.

The waste water introduced from the inlet 52 at the upper part of the side wall of the septic tank 5A once drops to the bottom, and when passing through the waste water purifying material 5a from bottom to top, it is adsorbed and purified by the numerous minute holes of the waste water purifying material 5a. It The pollutants adsorbed on the wastewater purification material 5a are digested and decomposed one after another by the aerobic microorganisms, so that the pollutants can be used for a long time without being clogged.

Since the microorganisms of the wastewater purification material 5a are aerobic, air is supplied to the bottom of the aeration tank 5A from the blower 6 separately installed for the purpose of activating the digestion and decomposition activity of the aeration tank 5A. .. The wastewater discharged from the discharge port 53 of the aeration tank 5A is successively sent to the aeration tanks 5B and 5C and purified by a wastewater purification material (not shown) provided in each aeration tank.

Microorganisms most suitable for sequentially digesting and decomposing pollutants, that is, flagellates and ciliates are transferred to these wastewater purification materials, respectively.

The wastewater discharged from the last aeration tank 5C is sent to the precipitation tank 7 to precipitate the substances generated in the upper step called digestion and decomposition. The supernatant of the settling tank 7 is discharged to the river 8 or the like.

On the other hand, the precipitate deposited in the settling tank 7 and the precipitates generated in the solid-oil liquid separation tanks 4A and 4B are sent to suspended matter digestion decomposition tanks 9A and 9B for decomposition treatment. Then, the final waste generated in the suspended matter digestion and decomposition tanks 9A and 9B is collected by an industrial waste supplier and treated.

On the other hand, the liquid substance generated in the digestion and decomposition step of the suspended matter is sent to the water quality adjusting tank 3 and is again sent to the above-mentioned digestion and decomposition step by microorganisms.

Table 1 shows an example of various analytical values of the wastewater purified by the above process and discharged from the settling tank 7 to the river 8 together with the analytical values of the raw water. As is clear from the table, the wastewater purified by the present invention clears the regulated value sufficiently, and in particular, the purification capacity is not deteriorated even after one year of operation without supplementation or maintenance of the wastewater purification material. Can understand well.

[0026]

[Table 1]

In the above embodiment, it is assumed that the wastewater to be purified contains fats and oils, and the pretreatment is to pass the wastewater to be purified to the wastewater purifying material 4a carrying facultative anaerobic microorganisms. Then, the wastewater purifying material 5a on which the aerobic microorganisms are transferred is configured to allow the permeation of the wastewater. However, in the case of wastewater containing no fats and oils, the wastewater purifying material 5a on which the aerobic microorganisms are transferred is directly attached. It should be permeated and purified.
Further, it is possible to omit a part of the device of the embodiment or add another device without departing from the spirit of the claims.

[0028]

As described above, according to the wastewater purification method of the present invention, wastewater can be purified extremely neatly. Moreover, since it utilizes the digestive decomposition activity of microorganisms, it is said that there is no deterioration over time, as compared with the conventional method that uses filters, adsorbents, etc. being clogged and its purification function declines over time. There are enormous advantages. In addition, because the equipment can be downsized and space can be saved, it is also a great advantage to install purification equipment in urban areas at the present time of rising land prices, and pollutants are successively digested and decomposed by microorganisms and harmless nitrogen It is preferable that gas, carbon dioxide, etc. are released into the atmosphere and accumulated as sludge in a small amount because the treatment cost and the treatment space are reduced.
In addition, since a wastewater purification material with microorganisms transferred to a porous hybridette char with a wood part is used, even if the use of the device may be stopped like the year-end and New Year holidays, the microorganisms can eat the wood part and live. No need to supply microbial nutrients. In addition, since the wood part of the hybrid charcoal has a heat-retaining effect, the temperature is higher than that of activated carbon even when installed in wastewater, and even in the winter, except in special cold regions, the temperature is high enough to activate microorganisms. Is also maintained, and there is also a feature that it is not necessary to keep warm. Therefore, the wastewater purification method of the present invention has a remarkable effect on purification of wastewater from household wastewater, livestock wastewater, food processing factory, brewing factory, and the like.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged explanatory view of a part of the device.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged explanatory view of a part of the device.

FIG. 4 is a micrograph showing the morphology of facultative anaerobic microorganisms (3
00 times).

5 is an enlarged photograph (1000 times) of the main part of FIG.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged photograph (1000 times) of a main part of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Raw Water Pit 2 Flow Control Tank 2A Cushion Tank 3 Water Quality Control Tank 3a Chemicals 4A, 4B Solid Oil Liquid Separation Tank 4a Wastewater Purifying Material 5A, 5B, 5C Aeration Tank 5a Wastewater Purifying Material 6 Blower 7 Settling Tank 8 Rivers 9A, 9B Floating matter digestion and decomposition tank

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued Front Page (72) Inventor Takeshi Senba 3-19-8 Shinkoiwa, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo Koyo Kogyo Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

Claim: What is claimed is: 1. A wastewater purification material formed by transferring aerobic microorganisms to a hybridized char made by pouring low-grade coal by pickling or the like to allow the wastewater to permeate at a constant flow rate. ,
A method for purifying wastewater, which comprises digesting and decomposing pollutants adsorbed on the wastewater purification material by the aerobic microorganisms.