JPH05288309A - Burner - Google Patents
BurnerInfo
- Publication number
- JPH05288309A JPH05288309A JP8853392A JP8853392A JPH05288309A JP H05288309 A JPH05288309 A JP H05288309A JP 8853392 A JP8853392 A JP 8853392A JP 8853392 A JP8853392 A JP 8853392A JP H05288309 A JPH05288309 A JP H05288309A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- combustion chamber
- flame
- flame holes
- holes
- small
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は工業用・業務用あるいは
家庭用バーナで燃焼熱量の可変範囲（以下、ＴＤＲとい
う）が広く、しかもＮＯxなど汚染物質の排出量が少な
いバーナに関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention is the variable range of the combustion heat in industrial-commercial or domestic burner (hereinafter, referred to as TDR) wide, moreover relates burner emissions is small contaminants such as NO x ..
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、工業用・業務用あるいは家庭用熱
源のバーナとして予混合火炎が形成されるブンゼンバー
ナが広く使用されており、逆火を防止するため、小さな
炎孔をマトリックスに配置している。完全予混合火炎が
形成される場合は、炎孔上で予混合火炎のみが形成され
る。完全予混合火炎では空気量が多いとＮＯxの排出量
は少ないが、火炎安定性が悪く、ＴＤＲは小さい。部分
予混合火炎が形成される場合、燃料と空気とを混合した
予混合気を炎孔上で点火させ、予混合火炎を形成させ
る。予混合火炎の周囲に二次空気と未燃の燃料により拡
散火炎が形成される。部分予混合火炎ではＴＤＲは完全
予混合火炎よりも大きいが十分に確保できなかった。ま
たＮＯxの排出量も多かった。Bunsen burners, in which a premixed flame is formed, have been widely used as burners for industrial, commercial, or domestic heat sources, and small flame holes are arranged in a matrix to prevent flashback. ing. If a fully premixed flame is formed, then only the premixed flame is formed over the flame holes. Although the complete premixed flame emissions and NO x amount is large air is small, the flame stability is poor, TDR is small. When a partial premixed flame is formed, a premixed gas mixture of fuel and air is ignited on the flame hole to form a premixed flame. A diffusion flame is formed around the premixed flame by the secondary air and unburned fuel. The TDR of the partially premixed flame was larger than that of the fully premixed flame, but could not be secured sufficiently. Also, the amount of NO x emitted was large.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】従来のブンゼンバーナ
では炎孔の径が小さいため、火炎が安定に形成された状
態から予混合気の噴出速度を大きくすると容易に吹き飛
びが生じ、ＴＤＲを大きくとることができなかった。ま
た、ＮＯxを低下するために、完全予混合燃焼にすると
さらにＴＤＲが小さくなった。本発明では、ＴＤＲが大
きくしかもＮＯxの排出量を少なくしようとするもので
ある。In the conventional Bunsen burner, since the diameter of the flame hole is small, when the ejection speed of the premixed gas is increased from the state where the flame is stably formed, blowout easily occurs and the TDR is increased. I couldn't. Further, in order to reduce NO x , the TDR was further reduced when the complete premixed combustion was performed. In the present invention, the TDR is large and the amount of NO x emission is reduced.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の第１発明では、
多数の炎孔を設けた燃焼室壁を向かい合わせて配置し、
一方の炎孔からは過濃な予混合気をあるいは燃焼用空気
を、他方の炎孔からは希薄な予混合気を燃焼室に供給し
ている。対向させた燃焼室壁で燃焼室を形成し、燃焼室
壁に設けた多数の燃料供給路の出口を前記炎孔とするバ
ーナにおいて、対向する炎孔は大炎孔と小炎孔からな
り、大炎孔からは希薄予混合気を小炎孔からは過濃予混
合気を供給する。According to the first aspect of the present invention,
Arrange the combustion chamber walls with many flame holes facing each other,
A rich premixture or combustion air is supplied from one of the flame holes to the combustion chamber from the other flame hole. In a burner in which a combustion chamber is formed by opposing combustion chamber walls, and the outlets of a large number of fuel supply passages provided in the combustion chamber walls are the flame holes, the opposing flame holes include large flame holes and small flame holes, A lean premixture is supplied from a large flame hole, and a rich premixture is supplied from a small flame hole.
【０００５】第２の発明では、燃焼室を形成する燃焼室
壁に互いに対向させた多数の炎孔を設け、前記炎孔は燃
焼室壁に設けた多数の燃料供給路の出口に位置し、前記
炎孔は燃焼室出口方向に複数個配置し、前記炎孔の燃焼
室出口方向に互いに対向した二次空気孔を配置する。さ
らに、二次燃焼室の幅を燃焼室の幅より大きくし、さら
に、燃焼室の出口の周囲にスリット状の二次空気を配置
する。In the second invention, a large number of flame holes facing each other are provided in the combustion chamber wall forming the combustion chamber, and the flame holes are located at the outlets of a large number of fuel supply passages provided in the combustion chamber wall, A plurality of the flame holes are arranged in the combustion chamber outlet direction, and secondary air holes facing each other are arranged in the combustion chamber outlet direction of the flame holes. Further, the width of the secondary combustion chamber is made larger than the width of the combustion chamber, and further, slit-shaped secondary air is arranged around the outlet of the combustion chamber.
【０００６】第３の発明では、燃焼室壁を互いに対向さ
せて燃焼室を形成し、前記燃焼室壁には互いに対向させ
た多数の炎孔を設け、前記燃焼室壁に設けた多数の燃料
供給路の出口を前記炎孔とするバーナにおいて、大炎孔
と小炎孔を交互に燃焼室出口方向に配置し、大炎孔から
は希薄予混合気を小炎孔からは過濃予混合気を供給し、
大炎孔と小炎孔を対向させる。In the third aspect of the invention, the combustion chamber walls are opposed to each other to form a combustion chamber, the combustion chamber wall is provided with a large number of flame holes opposed to each other, and a large number of fuels are provided on the combustion chamber wall. In the burner with the outlet of the supply passage as the flame hole, large flame holes and small flame holes are alternately arranged in the direction of the combustion chamber outlet, and a lean premixed gas mixture from the large flame hole and a rich concentrated premixed mixture from the small flame hole. Supply energy,
The large flame hole and the small flame hole face each other.
【０００７】第４の発明では大炎孔と小炎孔を燃焼室出
口方向に配置し、大炎孔は大炎孔と小炎孔は小炎孔と対
向させる。In the fourth invention, the large flame holes and the small flame holes are arranged in the direction of the outlet of the combustion chamber, and the large flame holes face the large flame holes and the small flame holes face the small flame holes.
【０００８】[0008]
【作用】第１の発明では、希薄予混合気と過濃混合気で
形成される火炎を対向させることにより、予混合気速度
が大きい場合でも安定に燃焼する。過濃予混合気で形成
される火炎から排出される未燃の燃料は、過剰予混合気
で形成される火炎から排出される高温の空気で燃焼が促
進される。マトリックス状に配列することにより、燃焼
室の出口に向かって次第に未燃の燃料が燃焼する。そし
て、燃焼室出口では完全燃焼する。大炎孔からは希薄予
混合気を小炎孔からは過濃予混合気を供給することによ
り、過濃予混合気で形成する火炎を希薄予混合気で形成
された火炎から排出される余剰の空気で囲むことによ
り、過濃予混合気で形成される火炎の未燃成分を完全燃
焼することができる。この場合、予混合気が量論比を避
けて供給されるためＮＯxは少なく、対向火炎が形成さ
れるのでＴＤＲを大きく確保できる。In the first aspect of the invention, the flames formed by the lean premixed mixture and the rich mixture are opposed to each other, so that stable combustion is achieved even when the premixed mixture velocity is high. Combustion of unburned fuel discharged from the flame formed of the rich premixed gas is promoted by high temperature air discharged from the flame formed of the excessive premixed gas. By arranging in a matrix, unburned fuel gradually burns toward the outlet of the combustion chamber. Then, complete combustion occurs at the outlet of the combustion chamber. By supplying the lean premixture from the large flame hole and the rich premixture from the small flame hole, the surplus exhausted from the flame formed by the lean premixture By surrounding it with the air, it is possible to completely burn the unburned components of the flame formed by the rich premixed gas. In this case, since the premixed gas is supplied while avoiding the stoichiometric ratio, the amount of NO x is small and the opposing flame is formed, so that a large TDR can be secured.
【０００９】第２発明では、燃焼室の出口に二次空気を
供給しているが、これは未燃燃料を燃焼させるとともに
二次火炎安定して形成させており、未燃の燃料を完全燃
焼する。In the second aspect of the invention, the secondary air is supplied to the outlet of the combustion chamber, which burns the unburned fuel and forms the secondary flame in a stable manner, thus completely burning the unburned fuel. To do.
【００１０】第３の発明では、燃焼室壁を互いに対向さ
せて燃焼室を形成し、前記燃焼室壁には互いに対向させ
た多数の炎孔を設け、前記燃焼室壁に設けた多数の燃料
供給路の出口を前記炎孔とするバーナにおいて、大炎孔
と小炎孔を交互に燃焼室出口方向に配置し、大炎孔から
は希薄予混合気を小炎孔からは過濃予混合気を供給し、
大炎孔と小炎孔を対向させる。この様な構成により、Ｎ
Ｏxの排出量が少なくなるとともに、燃焼負荷を大きく
とることができる。In the third invention, the combustion chamber walls are opposed to each other to form a combustion chamber, the combustion chamber wall is provided with a large number of flame holes opposed to each other, and a large number of fuels are provided on the combustion chamber wall. In the burner with the outlet of the supply passage as the flame hole, large flame holes and small flame holes are alternately arranged in the direction of the combustion chamber outlet, and a lean premixed gas mixture from the large flame hole and a rich concentrated premixed mixture from the small flame hole. Supply energy,
The large flame hole and the small flame hole face each other. With such a configuration, N
It is possible to reduce the emission amount of O x and to increase the combustion load.
【００１１】第４の発明では、大炎孔から希薄予混合気
を小炎孔から過濃混合気を供給することにより、ＮＯx
の排出量を低減でき、また対向する炎孔では等濃度と等
流速で供給できることから設計が容易である。According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the lean premixture is supplied from the large flame hole, and the rich mixture is supplied from the small flame hole, so that the NO x
It is easy to design because the discharge amount of can be reduced, and it can be supplied at the same concentration and the same flow velocity at the opposing flame holes.
【００１２】[0012]
【実施例】図１は本発明の一実施例の一部断面構成図で
ある。１はバーナ本体、２は燃焼室、３は二次燃焼室、
４は燃焼室出口、５は二次燃焼室出口、６は側壁、７は
炎孔、８は大炎孔、９は小炎孔、１０はバーナヘッダ、
１１は二次空気孔、１２は燃料供給路、１３は燃料分岐
管、１４はヘッダフランジ、１５はバーナカバー、１６
は冷却通路、１７は二次空気通路、１８は底板、１９は
対向流火炎、２０は二次火炎、２１は予混合気、２２は
二次空気、２３は燃焼室壁、２４は二次燃焼室壁であ
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT FIG. 1 is a partial cross sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a burner body, 2 is a combustion chamber, 3 is a secondary combustion chamber,
4 is a combustion chamber outlet, 5 is a secondary combustion chamber outlet, 6 is a side wall, 7 is a flame hole, 8 is a large flame hole, 9 is a small flame hole, 10 is a burner header,
11 is a secondary air hole, 12 is a fuel supply path, 13 is a fuel branch pipe, 14 is a header flange, 15 is a burner cover, 16
Is a cooling passage, 17 is a secondary air passage, 18 is a bottom plate, 19 is a counterflow flame, 20 is a secondary flame, 21 is a premixed gas, 22 is secondary air, 23 is a combustion chamber wall, and 24 is secondary combustion. It is a room wall.
【００１３】燃焼室２は向かい合った燃焼室壁２３で構
成し、燃焼室の一方を燃焼室出口４としている。燃焼室
壁２３は数個のヘッダフランジ１４を複数個並べて、こ
れらを向いあわせて構成し、燃焼室２の底は長方形をし
た底板１８で構成する。この時、炎孔７は燃焼室壁２３
にマトリックスに設けた構成となる。燃焼室２の燃焼室
出口４方向には二次空気孔１１を炎孔７と同様に向い合
わせて配置する。燃料と一次空気を混合した予混合気２
１はバーナヘッダ１０を構成する多数の燃料分岐管１３
に供給される。The combustion chamber 2 is constituted by the combustion chamber walls 23 facing each other, and one of the combustion chambers serves as a combustion chamber outlet 4. The combustion chamber wall 23 is formed by arranging a plurality of header flanges 14 and facing each other, and the bottom of the combustion chamber 2 is formed by a rectangular bottom plate 18. At this time, the flame hole 7 is formed in the combustion chamber wall 23.
The structure is provided in the matrix. Secondary air holes 11 are arranged facing the combustion chamber outlet 4 of the combustion chamber 2 in the same manner as the flame holes 7. Premixed gas mixture of fuel and primary air 2
Reference numeral 1 denotes a large number of fuel branch pipes 13 that constitute the burner header 10.
Is supplied to.
【００１４】バーナヘッダ１０は燃料分岐管１３と多数
の燃料供給路１２とヘッダフランジ１４からなる。燃料
供給路１２の一端は炎孔７となり、他端は燃料分岐管１
３に連通している。多数の二次空気孔１１は向かい合っ
た二次燃焼室壁２４に設けており、バーナカバー１５の
一部に向かい合って多数設けている。The burner header 10 comprises a fuel branch pipe 13, a number of fuel supply passages 12 and a header flange 14. One end of the fuel supply passage 12 becomes the flame hole 7, and the other end is the fuel branch pipe 1.
It communicates with 3. A large number of secondary air holes 11 are provided in the secondary combustion chamber walls 24 facing each other, and a large number of secondary air holes 11 are provided facing a part of the burner cover 15.
【００１５】本実施例ではバーナヘッダ１０はステンレ
ス系の板金をプレス加工で製造している。しかしなが
ら、燃料分岐管１３、燃料供給路１２、燃焼室壁２３な
どを別々に加工し、溶接などの接続方法で結合してもよ
い。In this embodiment, the burner header 10 is manufactured by pressing a stainless steel sheet metal. However, the fuel branch pipe 13, the fuel supply passage 12, the combustion chamber wall 23 and the like may be separately processed and joined by a connection method such as welding.
【００１６】二次空気通路１７はバーナヘッダ１０とバ
ーナカバー１５で囲まれた領域であり、二次空気２２が
流れる。各燃料分岐管１３には多数の燃料供給路１２を
設けている。The secondary air passage 17 is a region surrounded by the burner header 10 and the burner cover 15, and the secondary air 22 flows through it. A large number of fuel supply passages 12 are provided in each fuel branch pipe 13.
【００１７】燃料と一次空気は混合して予混合気２１と
なる。予混合気２１は燃料分岐管１３に供給され、燃料
供給路１２を通って、炎孔７から燃焼室２に噴出する。
一方、二次空気２２は、冷却通路１６に供給される。燃
焼中には、燃焼室壁２３及び、燃料供給路１２を冷却
し、温度上昇しながら二次空気孔１１から二次燃焼室３
に供給される。なお、冷却通路１６は二次空気通路１７
の一部をなしている。二次空気通路１７はバーナヘッダ
１０とバーナカバー１５からなる。The fuel and the primary air are mixed to form a premixed gas 21. The premixed gas 21 is supplied to the fuel branch pipe 13, passes through the fuel supply passage 12, and is ejected from the flame hole 7 into the combustion chamber 2.
On the other hand, the secondary air 22 is supplied to the cooling passage 16. During the combustion, the combustion chamber wall 23 and the fuel supply passage 12 are cooled, and the temperature of the secondary combustion chamber 3 is increased from the secondary air holes 11 while the temperature rises.
Is supplied to. The cooling passage 16 is the secondary air passage 17
Is part of. The secondary air passage 17 includes the burner header 10 and the burner cover 15.
【００１８】図２は本発明の一実施例の別の方向からの
断面構成図であり、燃焼状況を示す。２５は大火炎、２
６は小火炎である。炎孔７より噴出した予混合気２１に
点火すると予混合の対向流火炎１９を形成する。炎孔７
は大炎孔８と小炎孔９が向かい合って同軸に配列してお
り、大炎孔８からは空気過剰率が１以上の希薄予混合気
が、小炎孔９からは空気過剰率が１以下の過濃予混合気
が燃焼室２に供給される。その結果、大炎孔８には完全
予混合火炎２７が、小炎孔９には部分予混合火炎２８が
形成され、部分予混合火炎２８から放出された未燃ガス
と完全予混合火炎２７から放出された過剰空気との拡散
燃焼で二次火炎２０が形成される。この過剰空気は高温
であり、未燃燃料の燃焼を促進し、さらに部分予混合火
炎２８の火炎基部を炎孔５に付着させる作用がある。一
般に予混合燃焼の場合、量論比では火炎温度が最高値を
示すため、ＮＯｘの排出がもっとも多い。本実施例の様
に、大炎孔８には完全予混合火炎２７が、小炎孔９には
部分予混合火炎２８が形成されるとＮＯｘの排出量少な
くできる。FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the embodiment of the present invention from another direction, showing the combustion state. 25 is a large flame, 2
6 is a small flame. When the premixed gas 21 ejected from the flame hole 7 is ignited, a premixed counterflow flame 19 is formed. Flame hole 7
Are arranged coaxially with the large flame holes 8 and the small flame holes 9 facing each other. From the large flame hole 8, a lean premixed air having an excess air ratio of 1 or more and from the small flame hole 9 the excess air ratio is 1 The following rich premixed air is supplied to the combustion chamber 2. As a result, the complete premixed flame 27 is formed in the large flame hole 8 and the partial premixed flame 28 is formed in the small flame hole 9, and the unburned gas emitted from the partial premixed flame 28 and the complete premixed flame 27 are generated. The secondary flame 20 is formed by diffusion combustion with the released excess air. This excess air has a high temperature, promotes the combustion of unburned fuel, and has the effect of adhering the flame base of the partially premixed flame 28 to the flame holes 5. Generally, in the case of premixed combustion, the flame temperature shows the highest value in the stoichiometric ratio, so the NOx emission is the largest. As in the present embodiment, when the complete premixed flame 27 is formed in the large flame hole 8 and the partial premixed flame 28 is formed in the small flame hole 9, the NOx emission amount can be reduced.
【００１９】また対向流火炎１９は燃焼熱量が大きな場
合にはしばしば炎孔７より離れて燃焼するため、予混合
気の一部は炎孔７の近くから未燃のまま排出する。この
未燃の予混合気は、低温の燃焼室壁２３近辺を流れ、燃
焼室出口４に向かって複数小並べた炎孔７に形成される
火炎によって燃焼する。このとき、未燃の予混合気は燃
焼室出口４に向かって燃焼が徐徐に進行している。そし
て、燃焼室出口４で未燃の予混合気は、二次空気孔１１
から流出する二次空気２２で完全燃焼する。When the combustion heat quantity is large, the counterflow flame 19 often burns away from the flame hole 7, so that part of the premixed gas is discharged from the vicinity of the flame hole 7 in an unburned state. The unburned premixed gas flows in the vicinity of the low temperature combustion chamber wall 23, and is burned by the flame formed in the plurality of flame holes 7 arranged toward the combustion chamber outlet 4. At this time, the combustion of the unburned premixed gas gradually progresses toward the combustion chamber outlet 4. Then, the unburned premixed gas at the combustion chamber outlet 4 becomes the secondary air hole 11
It is completely combusted with the secondary air 22 flowing out from.
【００２０】第２発明では、燃焼室出口４に二次燃焼室
壁２４を対向させて二次燃焼室３を形成し、二次燃焼室
壁２４には互いに対向させた多数の二次空気孔１１を設
け、一方を二次燃焼室出口５としている。また、図１に
おいて、二次空気孔１１にスリット空気孔２９を設けて
いるが、二次空気孔１１から供給された二次空気は燃焼
室内で未燃となった燃料を完全燃焼させる。スリット空
気孔２９は燃焼室出口４の周囲にほぼ連続して設けてい
る。そして、二次燃焼室出口５に直角方向に二次空気２
２を供給する。二次火炎２０は燃焼室出口４の全体にも
連続して、切れ目なく形成されるため、完全燃焼する。In the second aspect of the invention, the secondary combustion chamber wall 24 faces the combustion chamber outlet 4 to form the secondary combustion chamber 3, and the secondary combustion chamber wall 24 has a large number of secondary air holes facing each other. 11 is provided, and one is used as the secondary combustion chamber outlet 5. Further, in FIG. 1, the slit air hole 29 is provided in the secondary air hole 11, but the secondary air supplied from the secondary air hole 11 completely burns the unburned fuel in the combustion chamber. The slit air holes 29 are provided substantially continuously around the combustion chamber outlet 4. Then, the secondary air 2 is perpendicular to the secondary combustion chamber outlet 5.
Supply 2. The secondary flame 20 is also continuously formed over the entire combustion chamber outlet 4, and is formed seamlessly, so that the secondary flame 20 completely burns.
【００２１】第３の発明では、図１に示すように、大炎
孔２５と小炎孔２６を燃焼室出口４方向に交互に配置し
ている。この様に配置することにより、小炎孔２６から
流出する未燃の燃料が隣接する大炎孔２５から排出する
過剰空気により、燃焼する。その結果、小炎孔で形成さ
れる火炎基部に高温空気が供給されるため、その火炎は
安定である。In the third aspect of the invention, as shown in FIG. 1, the large flame holes 25 and the small flame holes 26 are alternately arranged in the direction of the combustion chamber outlet 4. With this arrangement, the unburned fuel flowing out from the small flame holes 26 is burned by the excess air discharged from the adjacent large flame holes 25. As a result, high temperature air is supplied to the flame base formed by the small flame holes, and the flame is stable.
【００２２】第４の発明では、図４において、大炎孔３
４は大炎孔３５と、小炎孔３６は小炎孔３７と対向して
いる。この時、大炎孔３４，３５からは希薄予混合気
が、小炎孔３６，３７からは過濃予混合気が噴出してお
り、それぞれ、希薄予混合気が燃焼する希薄対向流火炎
３８と過濃予混合気が燃焼する過濃対向流火炎３９を形
成している。過濃対向流火炎からは未燃の燃料が放出さ
れており、これが希薄対向流火炎から放出された過剰の
空気と燃焼する。また、希薄対向流火炎の基部は過濃対
向流火炎により、炎孔に近づき、火炎の安定性が良くな
り、火炎基部からの未燃燃料の放出を防止している。さ
らに、対向する炎孔から同濃度で同速度の予混合気を供
給するとよいので、設計が容易である。In the fourth invention, in FIG.
Reference numeral 4 is a large flame hole 35, and small flame hole 36 is a small flame hole 37. At this time, the lean premixed gas is ejected from the large flame holes 34 and 35, and the rich premixed gas is ejected from the small flame holes 36 and 37, respectively, and the lean counterflow flame 38 in which the lean premixed gas is burned is emitted. And a rich counterflow flame 39 in which the rich premixed gas burns. Unburned fuel is released from the rich counterflow flame and combusts with excess air released from the lean counterflow flame. Further, the base of the lean counterflow flame approaches the flame hole due to the rich counterflow flame, the stability of the flame is improved, and the release of unburned fuel from the flame base is prevented. Further, since it is preferable to supply the premixed air with the same concentration and the same speed from the opposing flame holes, the design is easy.
【００２３】なお、バーナは燃焼室壁２３の外側を二次
空気が流れる構成した場合、冷却通路１６を流れる二次
空気２２によりされに冷却され、燃焼室壁２３の温度低
下を図る。対向流火炎１９は対向部のよどみ領域に火炎
の安定域を有しているため、燃焼室壁２３の温度が下が
って、火炎基部が浮き上がっても火炎は安定に燃焼す
る。燃焼室壁２３の外側を冷却し、燃焼室壁２３の温度
上昇を防止することにより、バーナの耐久性の向上が工
場し、しかも逆火を防止することができる。When the burner is constructed such that the secondary air flows outside the combustion chamber wall 23, the burner is cooled by the secondary air 22 flowing through the cooling passage 16 to reduce the temperature of the combustion chamber wall 23. Since the counterflow flame 19 has a stable flame region in the stagnation region of the counter portion, even if the temperature of the combustion chamber wall 23 is lowered and the flame base is lifted, the flame is stably burned. By cooling the outside of the combustion chamber wall 23 and preventing the temperature of the combustion chamber wall 23 from rising, the durability of the burner is improved and the flashback can be prevented.
【００２４】燃焼室２で形成された対向流火炎１９によ
って発生した高温の燃焼ガスは、燃焼室出口４の方向に
流れる。その時、高温の燃焼ガスと対向流火炎１９の輻
射熱により、燃焼室壁２３が温度上昇する。二次火炎は
拡散火炎であり、反応速度が予混合火炎よりも遅い。そ
こで、二次燃焼室３において燃焼室２よりも幅広くしか
も二次燃焼室出口５に向かって広げることにより、二次
空気と燃料との拡散を遅くしており、その結果、完全燃
焼する。The high-temperature combustion gas generated by the counterflow flame 19 formed in the combustion chamber 2 flows toward the combustion chamber outlet 4. At that time, the temperature of the combustion chamber wall 23 rises due to the high temperature combustion gas and the radiant heat of the counterflow flame 19. The secondary flame is a diffusion flame and its reaction speed is slower than that of the premixed flame. Therefore, the secondary combustion chamber 3 is wider than the combustion chamber 2 and widens toward the secondary combustion chamber outlet 5 to slow the diffusion of the secondary air and the fuel, and as a result, complete combustion is achieved.
【００２５】ここで、燃料分岐管１３を複数個に分離
し、燃料分岐管１３の間を通して燃焼室壁２３の外側か
ら輻射熱を逃がし、バーナの温度上昇を防止している。
輻射は燃料分岐管１３の間から、バーナカバー１５へお
こなわれ、二次空気２２を加熱する。従って、燃焼室壁
２３は直接二次空気２２の流れによる冷却と、輻射によ
る冷却により、温度の低下が大きい。また、燃料分岐管
１３を表面が鏡面仕上げされたステンレススチールのよ
うな反射体で構成すると、燃料分岐管１３内を流れる予
混合気は輻射熱で予熱されず、従って火炎温度を低くお
さえることができ、燃焼室壁２３の温度上昇も小さい。
更に、冷却通路１６を燃焼室壁２４、燃料分岐管１３、
燃料供給路１２で囲まれた構成にすると、二次空気２２
は燃焼室壁２４の外側に沿って流れ、効果的に一次燃焼
室壁２０を冷却することができる。一方、二次空気は加
熱され、二次空気孔１１から二次燃焼室３に供給され、
二次火炎２０を形成する。このとき、二次空気は高温の
ため、未燃の燃料との反応が激しくなり、拡散火炎であ
る二次火炎２０は安定に形成される。また、燃焼室壁２
４から放出された熱は二次火炎２０に回収され、有効に
利用される。Here, the fuel branch pipe 13 is divided into a plurality of pieces, and radiant heat is released from the outside of the combustion chamber wall 23 through the space between the fuel branch pipes 13 to prevent the burner temperature from rising.
Radiation is applied to the burner cover 15 from between the fuel branch pipes 13 to heat the secondary air 22. Therefore, the temperature of the combustion chamber wall 23 is greatly reduced by the cooling by the flow of the secondary air 22 and the cooling by the radiation. Further, when the fuel branch pipe 13 is made of a reflector such as stainless steel whose surface is mirror-finished, the premixture flowing in the fuel branch pipe 13 is not preheated by radiant heat, and therefore the flame temperature can be kept low. The temperature rise of the combustion chamber wall 23 is also small.
Further, the cooling passage 16 is connected to the combustion chamber wall 24, the fuel branch pipe 13,
If the structure is surrounded by the fuel supply path 12, the secondary air 22
Flow along the outside of the combustion chamber wall 24 and can effectively cool the primary combustion chamber wall 20. On the other hand, the secondary air is heated and supplied to the secondary combustion chamber 3 through the secondary air holes 11,
A secondary flame 20 is formed. At this time, since the secondary air has a high temperature, the reaction with the unburned fuel becomes vigorous, and the secondary flame 20, which is a diffusion flame, is stably formed. Also, the combustion chamber wall 2
The heat released from No. 4 is recovered by the secondary flame 20 and is effectively used.
【００２６】また、図３に示すように、空気孔３０と炎
孔７を同軸に配置し、部分予混合火炎３１と燃焼用空気
３２とを対向させ、拡散火炎３３を形成すると、一般の
部分予混合火炎では火炎先端部がもっとも温度が高く、
ＮＯxの排出量はもっとも多い。燃焼用空気を火炎先端
部に供給することにより、火炎先端の温度を低下させる
ことができ、ＮＯxの排出量も少なくすることができ
る。燃焼用空気と予混合気は同軸に対向流で衝突する
が、淀み領域では熱伝達がよく、そのため燃焼用空気で
火炎先端が十分に冷却され、ＮＯxの低下が著しい。こ
の場合、部分予混合火炎３１のかわりに完全予混合火炎
を使用するとＮＯxの排出を更に低くすることができる
が、予混合気の空気過剰率が大きくなるにつれて火炎が
不安定になるので、供給する空気の速度を低くしなけれ
ばならない。Further, as shown in FIG. 3, when the air holes 30 and the flame holes 7 are coaxially arranged and the partial premixed flame 31 and the combustion air 32 are opposed to each other to form the diffusion flame 33, a general portion is formed. In the premixed flame, the flame tip has the highest temperature,
The largest amount of NO x is emitted. By supplying the combustion air to the flame tip, the temperature of the flame tip can be lowered and the amount of NO x emitted can be reduced. Combustion air and premixed gas is impinging at counter flow coaxially, good heat transfer in the stagnation region, therefore the flame tip combustion air is sufficiently cooled, reduction of the NO x is significant. In this case, if the complete premixed flame is used instead of the partial premixed flame 31, the emission of NO x can be further reduced, but the flame becomes unstable as the excess air ratio of the premixed air becomes large. The speed of the air supplied must be low.
【００２７】[0027]
【発明の効果】第１の発明では、燃焼室壁を互いに対向
させて燃焼室を構成し、燃焼室の一方を燃焼室出口と
し、前記燃焼室壁には互いに対向させた多数の炎孔を設
け、前記燃焼室壁に設けた多数の燃料供給路の出口を前
記炎孔とするバーナにおいて、対向する炎孔は大炎孔と
小炎孔からなり、大炎孔からは希薄予混合気を小炎孔か
らは過濃予混合気を供給することにより、火炎の安定性
が良く、燃焼量の広い範囲で燃焼が可能となる。また、
予混合気は量論比を避けるため、ＮＯxが少ない特徴を
持つ。According to the first aspect of the invention, the combustion chamber walls are opposed to each other to form a combustion chamber, one of the combustion chambers serves as a combustion chamber outlet, and the combustion chamber wall is provided with a large number of opposed flame holes. In a burner in which the outlets of a large number of fuel supply passages provided in the wall of the combustion chamber are used as the flame holes, the opposing flame holes include a large flame hole and a small flame hole, and a lean pre-mixture is supplied from the large flame hole. By supplying the rich premixed air from the small flame holes, the stability of the flame is good and it becomes possible to burn in a wide range of the combustion amount. Also,
The premixed gas has a characteristic that the amount of NO x is small in order to avoid the stoichiometric ratio.
【００２８】第２の発明では、燃焼室出口に二次燃焼室
壁を対向させて二次燃焼室を形成し、二次燃焼室壁には
互いに対向させた多数の空気孔を設け、二次燃焼室の一
方を二次燃焼室出口とすることにより、対向流火炎の安
定性に影響なく二次空気を供給でき、完全燃焼する。さ
らに、ＮＯx の少なく、燃焼負荷が大きい特徴をもつ。In the second aspect of the present invention, the secondary combustion chamber walls are formed at the outlet of the combustion chamber so as to face each other to form the secondary combustion chamber, and the secondary combustion chamber walls are provided with a large number of air holes facing each other. By using one of the combustion chambers as the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber, secondary air can be supplied without affecting the stability of the counterflow flame, and complete combustion is achieved. Further, it has a feature that the amount of NO x is small and the combustion load is large.
【００２９】第３の発明では、燃焼室壁を互いに対向さ
せて燃焼室を形成し、燃焼室壁には互いに対向させた多
数の炎孔を設け、燃焼室壁に設けた多数の燃料供給路の
出口を炎孔とするバーナにおいて、大炎孔と小炎孔を交
互に燃焼室出口方向に配置し、大炎孔からは希薄予混合
気を小炎孔からは過濃予混合気が供給されることによ
り、小炎孔で形成される火炎基部に高温空気が供給され
るため、小炎孔に形成される火炎は安定である。一方、
大炎孔に形成される希薄予混合火炎は、火炎基部が小炎
孔で形成される火炎により加熱されるので火炎基部は炎
孔に付着し、安定燃焼する。大炎孔と小炎孔とを対向さ
せているが、この時、大炎孔からは希薄予混合気が、小
炎孔からは過濃予混合気が噴出しており、それぞれ、希
薄対向流火炎と過濃対向流火炎を形成している。過濃対
向流火炎からは未燃の燃料が放出されており、これが希
薄対向流火炎から放出された過剰の空気と燃焼する。ま
た、希薄対向流火炎の基部は過濃対向流火炎により、炎
孔に近づき、火炎が安定する。In the third aspect of the invention, the combustion chamber walls are opposed to each other to form a combustion chamber, a large number of flame holes are provided on the combustion chamber wall, and a large number of fuel supply passages are provided in the combustion chamber wall. In the burner whose outlet is a large hole, large flame holes and small flame holes are alternately arranged in the combustion chamber outlet direction, and a lean premixture is supplied from the large flame holes and a rich premixture is supplied from the small flame holes. As a result, high-temperature air is supplied to the flame base portion formed by the small flame holes, so that the flame formed in the small flame holes is stable. on the other hand,
The lean premixed flame formed in the large flame hole is heated by the flame formed in the small flame hole, so that the flame base portion adheres to the flame hole and stably burns. The large flame hole and the small flame hole are opposed to each other.At this time, the lean premixed gas is ejected from the large flame hole and the rich premixed gas is ejected from the small flame hole. A flame and a rich concentrated counterflow flame are formed. Unburned fuel is released from the rich counterflow flame and combusts with excess air released from the lean counterflow flame. Further, the base of the lean counterflow flame approaches the flame hole due to the rich counterflow flame, and the flame is stabilized.
【００３０】第４の発明では、大炎孔は大炎孔と、小炎
孔は小炎孔とそれぞれ対向しており、ＮＯxの排出量が
低減するとともに設計が容易である。In the fourth aspect of the invention, the large flame hole faces the large flame hole and the small flame hole faces the small flame hole, so that the emission amount of NO x is reduced and the design is easy.
【図１】本発明の一実施例のバ−ナの一部断面構成図FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional configuration diagram of a burner according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】同バ−ナの別の方向からの断面構成図FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the burner from another direction.
【図３】本発明の別の実施例のバ−ナの断面構成図FIG. 3 is a sectional configuration diagram of a burner according to another embodiment of the present invention.
【図４】本発明の別の実施例のバ−ナの断面構成図FIG. 4 is a sectional configuration diagram of a burner according to another embodiment of the present invention.
１ バーナ本体 ２ 燃焼室 ３ 二次燃焼室 ７ 炎孔 １９ 対向流火炎 ２３ 燃焼室壁 ２４ 二次燃焼室壁 1 Burner body 2 Combustion chamber 3 Secondary combustion chamber 7 Flame hole 19 Counterflow flame 23 Combustion chamber wall 24 Secondary combustion chamber wall
Claims (5)
２３に設けた多数の炎孔７を対向させ、前記燃焼室２の
一方を燃焼室出口４とし、前記燃焼室壁２３に設けた多
数の燃料供給路１２の出口を前記炎孔７とするバーナに
おいて、対向する炎孔７は大炎孔８と小炎孔９からな
り、前記大炎孔８からは希薄予混合気を前記小炎孔９か
らは過濃予混合気を供給するバーナ。1. A large number of flame holes 7 provided on a combustion chamber wall 23 constituting a combustion chamber 2 so as to face each other, and one of the combustion chambers 2 serves as a combustion chamber outlet 4, and the combustion chamber wall 23 has In a burner in which the outlets of a large number of fuel supply passages 12 are the flame holes 7, the opposing flame holes 7 are composed of a large flame hole 8 and a small flame hole 9, and a lean premixed gas is supplied from the large flame hole 8. A burner for supplying a rich premixed air from the small flame hole 9.
次燃焼室壁２４を対向させて二次燃焼室３を形成し、前
記二次燃焼室壁２４には互いに対向させた多数の二次空
気孔１１を設け、前記二次燃焼室３の一方を二次燃焼室
出口５とするバーナ。2. The secondary combustion chamber 3 according to claim 1, wherein a secondary combustion chamber wall 24 faces the combustion chamber outlet 4 to form a secondary combustion chamber 3, and a large number of the secondary combustion chamber walls 24 face each other. A burner in which a secondary air hole 11 is provided and one of the secondary combustion chambers 3 serves as a secondary combustion chamber outlet 5.
対向させた多数の炎孔７を設け、前記炎孔７は前記燃焼
室壁２３に設けた多数の燃料供給路１２の出口に位置
し、前記炎孔７は燃焼室出口４方向に複数個配置し、前
記炎孔７の前記燃焼室出口４の下流に互いに対向した二
次空気孔１１を配置してなるバーナにおいて、前記燃焼
室２の周囲を二次空気通路１７とし、二次空気が前記燃
焼室壁２５の外側を通過したのち前記燃料供給路１２の
外側を通過させ、前記二次空気孔１１より前記二次燃焼
室３に供給するバーナ。3. A combustion chamber wall 23 forming a combustion chamber 2 is provided with a large number of flame holes 7 facing each other, and the flame holes 7 are provided at the outlets of a large number of fuel supply passages 12 provided in the combustion chamber wall 23. In the burner in which a plurality of the flame holes 7 are arranged in the direction of the combustion chamber outlet 4 and the secondary air holes 11 facing each other are arranged in the flame hole 7 downstream of the combustion chamber outlet 4, A secondary air passage 17 is provided around the chamber 2, and secondary air passes through the outside of the combustion chamber wall 25 and then through the outside of the fuel supply passage 12, and the secondary air hole 11 causes the secondary combustion chamber to pass through. Burner to supply to 3.
を形成し、前記燃焼室壁２３には互いに対向させた多数
の炎孔７を設け、前記燃焼室壁２３に設けた多数の燃料
供給路１２の出口を前記炎孔７とするバーナにおいて、
大炎孔８と小炎孔９を交互に燃焼室出口４方向に配置
し、大炎孔８からは希薄予混合気を小炎孔９からは過濃
予混合気を供給し、大炎孔８と小炎孔９とを対向させる
バーナ。4. The combustion chamber 2 with the combustion chamber walls 23 facing each other.
And a plurality of flame holes 7 facing each other are provided in the combustion chamber wall 23, and the outlets of the many fuel supply passages 12 provided in the combustion chamber wall 23 are the flame holes 7.
Large flame holes 8 and small flame holes 9 are alternately arranged in the direction of the outlet 4 of the combustion chamber, and a lean premixture is supplied from the large flame holes 8 and a rich premixture is supplied from the small flame holes 9 The burner which makes 8 and the small flame hole 9 face each other.
を形成し、前記燃焼室壁２３には互いに対向させた多数
の炎孔７を設け、前記燃焼室壁２３に設けた多数の燃料
供給路１２の出口を前記炎孔７とするバーナにおいて、
大炎孔８と小炎孔９を交互に燃焼室出口４方向に配置
し、大炎孔８からは希薄予混合気を小炎孔９からは過濃
予混合気を供給し、大炎孔３１は大炎孔３２と小炎孔３
３は小炎孔３４と対向するバーナ。5. The combustion chamber 2 with the combustion chamber walls 23 facing each other.
And a plurality of flame holes 7 facing each other are provided in the combustion chamber wall 23, and the outlets of the many fuel supply passages 12 provided in the combustion chamber wall 23 are the flame holes 7.
Large flame holes 8 and small flame holes 9 are alternately arranged in the direction of the outlet 4 of the combustion chamber, and a lean premixture is supplied from the large flame holes 8 and a rich premixture is supplied from the small flame holes 9 31 is a large flame hole 32 and a small flame hole 3
3 is a burner facing the small flame hole 34.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8853392A JPH05288309A (en) | 1992-04-09 | 1992-04-09 | Burner |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8853392A JPH05288309A (en) | 1992-04-09 | 1992-04-09 | Burner |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05288309A true JPH05288309A (en) | 1993-11-02 |
Family
ID=13945479
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8853392A Pending JPH05288309A (en) | 1992-04-09 | 1992-04-09 | Burner |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH05288309A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004514864A (en) * | 2000-07-27 | 2004-05-20 | フォスター ホイーラー ユーエスエー コーポレーション | Overpressure combustor for burning lean concentration of combustible gas |
| CN114135869A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2022-03-04 | 广东万和热能科技有限公司 | Staged combustion device |
-
1992
- 1992-04-09 JP JP8853392A patent/JPH05288309A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004514864A (en) * | 2000-07-27 | 2004-05-20 | フォスター ホイーラー ユーエスエー コーポレーション | Overpressure combustor for burning lean concentration of combustible gas |
| CN114135869A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2022-03-04 | 广东万和热能科技有限公司 | Staged combustion device |
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