JPH05284849A - Mixed seed group of grass - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the subject seed group capable of keeping grasses and flowers by allelopathy effect and maintaining a green field by mixing optimum seed groups at specific ratios based on the classification by non-reemerging and reemerging annual grasses, perennial grasses blooming next year, etc., the classification by sunlight-shielding performance and the classification by blooming season. CONSTITUTION:The objective mixed seed group can be produced by mixing various kinds of seeds at the following ratios. The total number of seeds of non-reemerging annual grass is 30-50%, the total number of seeds of reemerging annual grass and perennial grass blooming on the sowed year is 20-40% and the total number of seeds of perennial grass blooming on next year is 20-40%. In the total number of the seeds of the reemerging annual grass, the perennial grass blooming on the sowed year and the perennial grass blooming on next year, the ratios of the spring-blooming seed, summer-blooming seed and autumn- blooming seed are 20-40%, 40-60% and 10-30%, respectively, In the total number of the mixed seeds, the number of seeds of grass having high sunlight-shielding performance is 0-20%, medium shielding performance is 25-45% and low shielding performance is 40-70%.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

[Industrial field of application] Human beings have been developing and creating civilization or in pursuit of individual prosperity. As a result, natural destruction progresses and bare land is created. In bare land made in this way, plants are often planted artificially in order to prevent soil runoff and blown sand and stabilize nature early. For such greening, it has been common to use pasture grass.

[0002] However, since greening by pasture is poor in landscape, recently, some greening methods by flowers have been used. There are various methods for planting flowers, such as using a flower bed, sowing seeds of one kind of flower, and sowing seeds of many kinds of flowers mixed together. However, it requires a large amount of maintenance costs such as replanting and is not suitable for creating a large area landscape. The method of sowing one kind of seed is inexpensive, but the flowering period is limited, and the landscape is monotonous, and pests and diseases are likely to occur. Even in the mixed sowing of various kinds of seeds, it is not always possible to expect all flowering of the seeds sowed by simply mixing the seeds non-systematically, and it is not possible to obtain the flowering ability for the whole year except for an accidental result.

As a result of research for remedying the above-mentioned drawbacks, the inventor has found a method of obtaining flowering ability throughout the year and flowering ability for many years with relatively low construction cost and maintenance cost. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be effectively used for the purpose of preventing soil runoff, sand blast, or for creating a beautiful landscape in a residential land development site, a riverbed, an idle land such as a ski resort in summer, an unused land, or the like.

[0004]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, flowers have been used for the purpose of greening, and there are the following two conventional methods. (1) A method of sowing seeds of a single flower (2) A method of mixing and sowing seeds of various flowers Among them, the method of (1) has a limited ornamental period, that is, a flowering period, and a year-round flowering property is obtained. Absent. In addition, because it is one species, the landscape is monotonous and pests and diseases are likely to occur.
In the method (2), the mixing ratio of seeds of various flowers has not been theoretically properly calculated, and the year-round flowering property and the long-term flowering property cannot always be expected. This is because the mixing ratio of the selected flower seeds is not suitable because it is not based on the theory, so that the appropriate amount of sunshine necessary for the growth of each flower cannot be obtained at the necessary time.

[0005]

It is impossible to obtain both long-term flowering ability and year-round flowering ability by the above method (1), but the above method (2) can be achieved by theoretically systematizing its contents. It is possible to obtain all-year flowering ability and many-year flowering ability. The present invention confirms and grasps the germination rate, flowering time, plant height, grass appearance, and other conditions necessary for flowering of the flowers to be mixed, and pre-mixes the seeds so that the conditions for each flower to grow and flower without any hindrance are adjusted. The present invention is intended to provide a mixed seed group capable of obtaining flowering ability all year round and flowering ability for many years by seeding a mixed seed group in which the ratio is determined and mixed at one time. Among the various conditions necessary for flowering, it is desirable to perform a germination test in advance and obtain the average germination rate for the germination rate. Further, it is intended to develop an allelopathic effect by proper seed blending, enable pesticide-free cultivation, and provide a landscape that does not adversely affect the natural ecosystem.

[0006]

[Means for Solving the Problems] As a result of repeated studies for obtaining year-round and long-term flowering properties of mixed flowers, the inventor has found that combinations of annual and perennial plants, spring flowers, summer flowers and autumn It was found that the combination of blooming flowers and the combination of flowers with different sun-shielding properties are the main influencing factors for maintaining the flowering ability all year round, flowering ability many years and the like.

[0007] The annual plant is a flowering plant that blooms within one year after sowing and usually dies within one year, and can be classified into the following two types in terms of long-term flowering properties. That is, (1)
There is no or low reproducibility of flowering due to spilled seeds in the next year, such as Hime Goldfish, Kasumi grass, Tamasaki Himenobu, Feather Keito (hereinafter referred to as non-reproducible annual grass), ( 2) Those with good reproducibility of flowering due to spilled seeds in the next year, such as Komachi grass, spring garland chrysanthemum, rudbeckia, and Hosoha enran (hereinafter referred to as reproducible annual grass).

A perennial plant is a flower that survives for at least 2 years and survives at least in the subterranean part even though the above-ground part may die during a growth inadequate period for each flower, depending on the speed from seeding to flowering. Can be classified into two.
That is, (1) Perennial flowers that bloom from the first year after sowing, such as bull-salvia, gazania, dianthus kawara, moss verbena (hereinafter referred to as the first-year flowering perennial plant)
(2) Perennial plants that do not become a sufficient volume even if they bloom from the second year after sowing or they bloom in the first year, for example, Shasta Dage, Omineshi, Daikei Kiku, large Snake strawberry and so on (hereinafter referred to as the flowering perennial in the following year).

[0009] As factors that control the flowering ability throughout the year in the first year after sowing, there are amounts of non-reproducible annual plants and reproducible annual plants and first year flowering perennials, and as a factor that controls the long-term flowering ability. Has the amount of reproducible annual plant, first year flowering type perennial plant, and next year flowering type perennial plant. As shown in Table 1, from the results of Examples (Examples 1 to 11) and test cultivation so far, as shown in Table 1, seeds of non-reproducible annual plants and reproducible annual plants and first year flowering. The mixing ratio of the seeds of the perennial type and the seeds of the flowering type of the following year is 30% to 50%, respectively.
%, 20% to 40%, and 20% to 40% are preferable.

[0010]

[Table 1]

Further, from the results of Examples 12 and 13 and the test cultivation, as shown in Table 4, Table 5 and Table 6, when it is desired to obtain a good landscape from the first year, a non-reproducible type is prepared in the mixed seed group of the standard formulation. The density of flowering in the first year can be increased by adding 20% to 60% of annual seeds.
Further, from the results of Examples 14 and 15 and the test cultivation, as shown in Table 7, Table 8 and Table 9, when it is desired to maintain the flowering period particularly long, the seeds of the super long-term perennial plant are added to the standard mixed seed group. It is achieved by adding 20% to 40% of soybean and sowing.

[0012]

[Table 4]

[0013]

[Table 5]

[0014]

[Table 6]

[0015]

[Table 7]

[0016]

[Table 8]

[0017]

[Table 9]

The term "spring bloom" means that it blooms in March to May, but the majority of it blooms in April to May due to weather conditions. Examples of this flower include Hanabishi, Hana daikon, Komachi grass, and North Pole. Summer bloom means a flower that blooms from June to August, and examples of this flower include rudbeckia, Daitenjin chrysanthemum, Shasta deji, and Miyakoso.
Akisaki means a flower that blooms from September to November,
The majority of them bloom from September to October due to weather conditions, and examples of the flowers include safflower salvia, bull-salvia,
There are Hosoha Unran and French Marigold. However, for example, the three kinds of autumnal flowering flowers exemplified above not only flower in autumn, but also in summer, and can be obtained as summertime flowering flowers. In this way, one kind of flowering flower that blooms over two or more seasons is included in each category. In addition, since the winter bloom, that is, the flowers that bloom in December to February, are very limited, it is unavoidable to ignore the winter bloom in the year-round blooming. Year-round flowering one year after sowing is possible by using multiple annual plants. However, year-round flowering in the second year can only be obtained by systematically combining reproducible annuals, perennials with spring, summer and autumn blooms. Therefore, the mixing ratio of seeds of each reproducible annual plant, perennial spring bloom, summer bloom, autumn bloom, and each flower is a factor controlling the year-round flowering in the second year.

In Example 1, Komachi grass, Gazania, French chrysanthemum and red flower pyrethrum were used as the spring flowers for the second year, and Rudbeckia, Gazania, Bull-Salvia as the summer flowers, and
Oenkei chrysanthemum, Daitenjin chrysanthemum, purple bark chrysanthemum, Shasta deji, Ominashi, and Gazania and Blu-salvia are used as the flowers for autumn. When the total number of seed grains used per 1 m ^{2 of} these is summed up, the respective composition ratios are 29.2%, 55.1% and 15.7%. However, in Test Example 1, 55.8 flowers bloom in the second year spring.
%, Too many, lacking the ability to bloom all year round from summer to autumn, and it was difficult to see the withered blooming flowers of spring after summer, which resulted in a failure. As shown in Table 2, from the results of consideration, analysis, and test cultivation of successful examples (Examples 1 to 11) and failed examples up to now, the ratio of the number of seed grains used in the reproducible annual plant and the perennial plant was It has been found that it is preferable to mix 20% to 40% of spring bloom, 40% to 60% of summer bloom, and 10% to 30% of autumn bloom.

[0020]

[Table 2]

The sunshine shading property refers to a property of an individual flowering plant to shield sunshine from other individuals, and its factors include plant height and grass figure. The plant height is (1) high (80 cm
Above), (2) Neutral (40-80cm), (3) Dwarf (40cm or less), and the grass shape is (1) cylindrical, (2) conical as shown in Fig. 1. Shape, (3) cheek plus rod shape, (4) cheek shape, and (5) rod shape. Examples of each grass figure are shown in FIGS. 2 to 6. The relationship between the plant height and the form of the grass determines the sunshade. Table 28 shows the sunshine shading property classified into three levels: high, medium and low. Further, Table 27 shows examples of the flowers that are applicable to each.

[0022]

[Figure 1]

[0023]

[Fig. 2]

[0024]

[Figure 3]

[0025]

[Figure 4]

[0026]

[Figure 5]

[0027]

[Figure 6]

[0028]

[Table 27]

[0029]

[Table 28]

When a large amount of sunflower-blocking flowers are used, other flowers are difficult to grow. However, it is generally necessary to use flowers that have a high sunlight-shielding property in order to reproduce the height and the balance in the shape of grass in the natural world and also in terms of design such as flower color and height. In Example 1, rudbeckia, daisenkei chrysanthemum, and daitenjin chrysanthemum have high sunshine-shielding properties, and Iceland poppy, flower radish, komachi grass, french chrysanthemum, red flower pyrethrum, purple vine chrysanthemum, shasta daisy, and treat are medium. By the way, Hanabishi, Himejicho, Gazania, and Blue Salvia are low flowers. The total number of seed grains used for these was 250, 732 and 655, respectively, and their respective composition ratios were 15.3%, 44.7% and 40.0%.
%. In Test Example 2, a cosmos with high sunlight shielding property,
The total amount of rudbeckia, flower thistle, large chrysanthemum, and Daitenjin chrysanthemum is 31.4%, which hinders the growth of other flowers.
Many flowers used, such as blue-salvia, lacked in volume. As shown in Table 3, from the results of the Examples (Tables 10 to 20) and the test cultivation so far, 0 to 20% of the flowers having a high sunshine shielding property and 25% to 45% of the medium flowers having a sunshine shielding property are shown. %, Flowers with low sunlight-shielding properties
It was found that it is preferable to mix them so that the seed grain number ratio is 40% to 70%.

[0031]

[Table 3]

As discussed above for each factor, it is understood that proper seed formulation is required so that each of the factors described above can effectively act in the present invention in order to obtain the flowering ability and the long-term flowering ability of the flower. A mixed seed population as claimed in claims 1 to 3 of the patent was sought.

That is, as a result of the studies conducted in each of the above-mentioned Examples and each of the Examples described later, regarding the proportion of seeds of each flower, if the total number of seeds of non-reproducible annual plants was less than 30%,
Lack of flowering ability and flowering volume throughout the first year, 50
%, The flowering volume after the second year tends to be chipped. If the total number of seeds of reproducible annual plants and flowering perennial plants in the first year is less than 20%, the flowering volume in the first year or the flowering volume in the second year is lacking and more than 40%. , Desirable combination of spring bloom, summer bloom, autumn bloom and proper blending of sunshine shielding property cannot be obtained. Furthermore, if the total number of seeds of the flowering perennial plant in the next year is less than 20%, the flowering ability is lost for many years, and if it exceeds 40%, the amount of annual and first year flowering perennial plants is small (the ratio is small). Lack of flowering volume in the first year.

In addition to the above facts, regarding the seasonal conditions, when the spring bloom species is less than 20%, the flowering volume in spring is lacking, and when it is more than 40%, the results are relatively summer bloom and autumn. Since the number of blooming flowers decreases, not only the volume from summer to autumn will be lacking, but also the spring bloom species will die from summer to autumn, the amount of that dead grass will increase, and it should cover it in the summer. Since there are few bloom and autumn blooms, the landscape is spoiled and good flowering properties cannot be obtained all year round. When the amount of summer-blooming seeds is less than 40%, the flowering volume in summer is lacking, and when it is more than 60%, not only the volume in spring and autumn is lacking, but also the dead residues of summer-blooming seeds are found in autumn. Spoil the landscape. Less than 10% of the autumn bloom species lacks the flowering volume in autumn, and more than 30% results in the lack of the volume from spring to summer, resulting in aesthetic defects.

Further, as a result of a study on the proportion of each flower according to the size of the sunscreen, the seeds of the flower with high sunscreen show that when the seeds are more than 20%, other flowers are suppressed and those flowers are suppressed. It is inconvenient because it grows badly. In addition, less than 25% of medium sunflower seeds result in an increase in low-sunshield species or in high-sunshield species, making the landscape monotonous. .. Especially, when the number of species with high sun-shielding properties increases, the growth of species with short plant height is inhibited. 45
%, The result is that there are few species with low sunshade,
Growth of species with low plant height is inhibited. In addition, when the number of seeds of a flower with low sunshade is less than 40%, as a result, the total of species with high sunshade and medium species is large, which means that the sun is shielded and the growth of species with low plant height is increased. Is blocked, 7
If it is more than 0%, the scenery becomes monotonous, and the aesthetic value is impaired.

However, the proportion of seeds of each flower in the present invention can be changed as follows depending on the purpose of the land to be replanted. That is, when it is necessary to increase the density of flowering in the first year to obtain a good landscape, as shown in Examples 12 and 13 and Tables 4, 5, and 6, the non-reproducible annual plant In addition to the above proportion, the seeds are added to 20% to 60% to form a seed group, and the seeds are sown in the same manner as described above. In this case, the seeding amount per unit area was too large in the first year,
Although vegetative growth occurs and some growth inhibition occurs, growth is not extremely inhibited by adding non-reproducible annual plant seeds at a ratio of 60% or less, and the flowering volume is slightly increased in the second year. Even if it is lacking in rice, the perennial plant grows after the third year and the flowering volume recovers. If seeds of non-reproducible annual plants are added to the basic seeds group at a rate of 60% or more, growth of perennial plants will be impaired and flowering volumes after the second year will be diminished. Is.

When it is desired to maintain the flowering period for a particularly long period, 20% to 40% of ultralong-term perennial seeds may be added to the basic seed group. In this case, if the seeds of the ultra-long-term perennial plant are added at 40% or more, most of the ultra-long-term perennial plant has an aggressive property, and as a result, the ultra-long-term perennial plant suppresses other flowers early. % Or less, it is difficult to achieve a remarkable effect on long-term flowering properties for many years. It was confirmed by experiments and the like described in each of the following Examples and Test Examples that the landscape of various mixed flowers of the present invention could be maintained for a longer period of time.

Appropriate construction methods and management methods are required for the mixed seeds of the present invention to fulfill their original purpose. A suitable soil for planting flowers is desirable as a sowing place. For example, weed seeds and
Soil that has little or no contamination such as rhizome is not easy to dry,
It is essential that the soil is well drained. As for the sowing time, the standard time for the Tokyo region is from March to June for spring sowing, and from September to October for autumn sowing. However, it is decided according to various conditions such as weather.

As a method of sowing the seed group of the present invention, it is desirable to sow as uniformly as possible over the entire sowing place. For example, if sowing is obtained, manual sowing, linear sowing with sowing grooves, Any method such as mechanical sowing using a spraying machine may be used. As a management task, weeding is often performed because weeds compete with flowering plants to inhibit long-term flowering of the flowering plants. From the third year onwards, the volume of perennial plants appears, and the need for it is reduced because the flowering period becomes longer. Since dead grass is easy to burn, it is mowed at least 20 cm above the ground at least once a year for the purpose of removing it and renewing the vigor of the flowers in order to prevent aging of the flowers at the height of growth. .. No other management work is required.

[0040]

Example 1 Formulated seeds listed in Table 10
Test seeds were sown in Kanagawa Prefecture in October, and continuous observation was carried out with good results.

[0041]

[Table 10]

[0042]

Example 2 The mixed seed group shown in Table 11 was sown in a test in Tokyo in October 1988 and continuously observed,
Good results have been obtained.

[0043]

[Table 11]

[0044]

[Example 3] The mixed seed group shown in Table 12 was sown in test in Osaka Prefecture in September 1988 and continuously observed, and good results were obtained.

[0045]

[Table 12]

[0046]

[Example 4] The mixed seed group shown in Table 13 was sown in a test in Miyagi Prefecture in September 1987 and continuously observed, and good results were obtained.

[0047]

[Table 13]

[0048]

[Example 5] The mixed seed group shown in Table 14 was sown in a test in Kagoshima prefecture in October 1986 and continuously observed, and good results were obtained.

[0049]

[Table 14]

[0050]

Example 6 The mixed seed group described in Table 15 was sown in test in Hiroshima Prefecture in April 1988 and continuously observed, and good results were obtained.

[0051]

[Table 15]

[0052]

Example 7 A mixed seed group shown in Table 16 was sown in a test in Kochi Prefecture in May 1986 and continuously observed, and good results were obtained.

[0053]

[Table 16]

[0054]

Example 8 A mixed seed group shown in Table 17 was sown in a test in Ishikawa Prefecture in May 1987 and continuously observed, and good results were obtained.

[0055]

[Table 17]

[0056]

[Example 9] The mixed seed group shown in Table 18 was sown in a test in Yamanashi Prefecture in May 1986, and continuously observed, and good results were obtained.

[0057]

[Table 18]

[0058]

[Example 10] A mixed seed group shown in Table 19 was used as a reference.
Test seeds in April, Ishikawa Prefecture, and observe continuously,
Good results have been obtained.

[0059]

[Table 19]

[0060]

[Example 11] A mixed seed group shown in Table 20 was used as a reference.
As a result of test sowing in Tokyo in May, 1998 and continuous observation, a good landscape with a high flowering rate was obtained overall.

[0061]

[Table 20]

(Test Example 1) The mixed seeds listed in Table 21 were sowed in Shizuoka prefecture in June 1986 for test sowing, and as a result of continuous observation, a good landscape was not obtained and the test failed.

[0063]

[Table 21]

(Test Example 2) The mixed seed group shown in Table 22 was sown in Fukuoka prefecture in April 1987 for test sowing, and as a result of continuous observation, it failed because a good landscape was not obtained.

[0065]

[Table 22]

[0066]

[Example 12] A mixed seed group shown in Table 23 was used as a reference.
In October 2014, we conducted a test sowing in Shizuoka prefecture with the aim of increasing the amount of flowering immediately after sowing, and as a result of continuous observation, many flowerings were obtained in the season immediately after sowing, and a good landscape continued after that. ..

[0067]

[Table 23]

[0068]

[Example 13] A mixed seed group shown in Table 24 was used as a reference.
October, 2015 In Fukuoka prefecture, test sowing was carried out for the purpose of increasing the amount of flowering immediately after sowing, and as a result of continuous observation, many flowers were obtained in the season immediately after sowing, and a good landscape continued after that. ..

[0069]

[Table 24]

[0070]

[Example 14] A mixed seed group shown in Table 25 was used as a reference.
As a result of test sowing in Kanagawa prefecture in April, 1988 and continuous observation, a solid landscape was obtained after 1988.

[0071]

[Table 25]

[0072]

[Example 15] The mixed seed group shown in Table 26 was used as the standard for the Showa 62
As a result of conducting trial sowing in Kyoto Prefecture in October, 1998 and observing continuously, it was observed that the landscape became more prominent year after year, and the initial purpose was achieved.

[0073]

[Table 26]

[0074]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, it is possible to create a landscape of flowering flowers that are highly flowering year-round and flowering well for many years. Moreover, it is much cheaper than flower beds. Moreover, the occurrence of pests and diseases is small in the landscape created by the present invention,
Prevents the destruction of natural ecosystems and protects the environment without the need for pesticide control work. This seems to be due to a kind of allelopathic effect. Furthermore, in terms of design, the landscape can be created relatively freely, taking into consideration the flower color, plant height, and grass appearance of each plant.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a grass figure.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an example of a flower plant in a columnar shape.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing an example of a conical grass flower.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing an example of a grass-like flower with a plush stick-like shape.

[Fig. 5] Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a flower flower in a shape of a fluffy grass.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing an example of a stick-shaped grass flower.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of non-reproducible annual seeds, a plurality of reproducible annual and first year flowering perennial seeds, and a plurality of next year flowering perennial seeds, and non-reproducible annual seeds. 30% to 50%, the total number of seeds of reproducible annual and first year flowering perennials is 20% to 40%, and the total number of seeds of flowering perennial the following year is 20% to 40% %, And in the total number of grains of the reproducible annual plant, the first year flowering perennial plant and the next year flowering perennial plant, 20% to 40% for spring and 40% for summer. %, Akisaki seeds are mixed in an amount of 10% to 30%, and the total number of seeds in the blended seeds is 0% to 20% of the seeds of highly flowering sunflower seeds, and the degree of sunshade is medium. 25% to 45% of flower seeds and 40 of low sunscreen flower seeds % To 70% of the mixed seeds mixed so as to have a grain number ratio. 2. The mixed seed group according to claim 1, which is obtained by adding annual grass seeds of 20% to 60% of the total amount. 3. The mixed seed group according to claim 1, which comprises 20% to 40% of the total amount of ultralong-term perennial seeds.