JPH05284602A - Head-up display - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make it possible to travel a vehicle at a target traveling speed by displaying target traveling speed patterns of a rolling stock at current position and a position close thereto. CONSTITUTION:Target traveling speed patterns R of rolling stock at current position and a position close thereto are displayed on polar coordinates based on current positional information and a target traveling speed data. Consequently, difference between the actual speed and target speed and subsequent variation of the target traveling speed can be grasped readily from the target traveling speed patterns R thus displayed. According to the arrangement, the rolling stock can be accelerated or decelerated readily at an optimal timing and an operator can travel a vehicle at a target traveling speed even on a route not yet experienced.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention, when a driver of a railway vehicle is maneuvering while looking at a scene of the outside world in front, displays various information on the scene of the outside world in front of the driver. Regarding head-up display. By using such a head-up display, it is not necessary for the driver to deviate from the outside world one by one to look at the instruments, so that it is possible to prevent an accident that may occur while the line of sight is deviated from the outside world.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the conventional head-up display, usually, a combiner such as a half mirror is arranged in front of the driver's visual field, and the combiner transmits a light beam emitted from an external scene in the direction of the driver and controls it. It is configured to reflect or diffract information display light such as speed information and brake pressure information incident on the combiner from the indoor side toward the driver. An information projecting device for causing the information display light to enter the combiner is an optical information display means such as a liquid crystal display, a CRT display, a plasma display or a light emitting diode display, and the light emitted from the optical information display means. And an optical member for making the light incident on. The optical member is usually composed of a relay lens system, a reflecting mirror, etc., so that the driver can visually recognize the information display light in the front visual field.

[0003]

By the way, in a railway vehicle, the driver visually recognizes the display of the current operation status and signal indications, and the driver judges the condition of the railroad track and the like, and controls the speed of the vehicle. Is supposed to do. In recent years, there has been a demand for higher speeds and higher densities of railway vehicles (shortening of operating intervals), and drivers have to perform optimal speed control operations. However, the conventional head-up display (hereinafter referred to as HUD) display is not in the form of displaying the information regarding the optimum speed pattern in the section ahead. For this reason, even when the operation information displayed on the HUD is visually recognized in the forward gaze state, the vehicle speed control greatly depends on the judgment and skill of the driver. Therefore, if the driver is inexperienced and inexperienced, or if even a seasoned driver travels in an inexperienced section, the driver takes a large margin of safety and brake operation timing. Therefore, the average traveling speed of the vehicle may decrease. In that case, inconvenience such as delay in train operation will occur. That is, H
Even if the UD is installed and the driver can read the operation information while gazing at the front, if the driver cannot instantaneously determine the optimum speed pattern, an operation request for higher speed and higher density of the vehicle There was a problem that it was hard to be a device that complied with.

As a means for solving the above-mentioned problems, it is considered to display a speed pattern (run curve) such that the current actual running speed and the target speed (optimal running speed) can be instantly compared. Be done. As such a speed pattern display, there is a speed pattern display as shown in FIG. In the speed pattern display shown in FIG. 01, the distance from the current position is shown along the horizontal axis, and a current position display mark (an upward triangle mark in this embodiment) is displayed in correspondence with the current position. ing. In this embodiment, the distance in the range from the position 1 Km behind the current position to the position 1.5 Km ahead is displayed. Further, the vertical axis shows the speed per hour.

In FIG. 5, the target traveling speed pattern (run curve) R is shown by a solid line and the actual traveling speed is shown by a dotted line. Then, the current traveling speed display mark (triangle facing leftward) is also displayed. Further, FIG. 5 displays the name of the reaching station and information indicating whether to pass or stop the station. In the example of FIG. 5, passing the next reaching station and traveling speed at the time of passing The target value of is about 80 km. Among the displays shown in FIG. 5, the target traveling speed pattern R displayed along the horizontal axis, the destination station name, etc. are
As the railway vehicle travels, it is displayed while moving to the left in FIG.

By displaying such a traveling speed pattern, the driver can instantly easily recognize the difference between the current actual traveling speed and the target traveling speed, so that the vehicle can be driven at the target speed. It will be easier.

Such XY coordinates (vertical axis-horizontal axis coordinates)
When an image having the above is displayed on the display surface of a display and the displayed image is displayed by a head-up display having a lens system, a circular lens is usually used as the lens system. As described above, the shape of the image area on the display surface which is enlarged and displayed on the head-up display without distortion by the circular lens is circular.

When a head-up display magnifies and displays an image on the display surface by using a circular lens arranged close to the display surface, if the outer shape of the image area on the display surface is circular, the outer diameter of the lens is Images of approximately the same size can be displayed. If the image area on the display surface is a quadrangle, and the quadrangle is inscribed in the outer diameter of the circular lens,
It is possible to enlarge and display the substantially entire area of the image area without distortion. Therefore, when the display image on the display surface is enlarged and displayed on the head-up display with the outer diameter of the circular lens arranged close to the display surface being determined, the shape of the display area of the display image on the display surface is circular. The effective display area on the display surface is different between the case and the square. That is, when the display area of the display surface is circular, the area that can be enlarged and displayed without distortion is substantially the same as the area of the lens arranged close to the display surface, but when the display area of the display surface is circular, the area inscribed in the circular lens is inscribed. It is the area of a quadrangle. Thus, when the display area of the display surface is a quadrangle, the effective display area on the display surface is smaller than the area of the lens, but when it is circular, the effective display surface on the display surface is approximately equal to the area of the lens. Become.

Therefore, when a lens having the same outer diameter is used, by making the outer shape of the display image circular, it is possible to display a larger and easier-to-see image on the head-up display than in the conventional case where the image is rectangular. It will be possible.
The present invention has the following problems (a) and (b) in view of the above-mentioned problems and examination results. (A) To allow the driver to instantly and easily recognize the difference between the current actual traveling speed and the target traveling speed. (B) A large, easy-to-see display should be provided without increasing the outer diameter of the lens.

[0010]

The present invention devised to solve the above problems will now be described. The elements of the present invention are to facilitate correspondence with the elements of the embodiments described later. , The reference numerals of the elements of the embodiments are enclosed in parentheses. The reason why the present invention is described in association with the reference numerals of the embodiments described below is to facilitate understanding of the present invention.
It is not intended to limit the scope of the invention to the examples.

In order to solve the above problems, the first aspect of the present application
The head-up display of the invention is as follows (1A),
A head-up display having the constituent requirements of (1B) is characterized by having the following constituent requirements of (1C). (1A) An optical information display means (D) having a display surface on which information corresponding to a display signal output from the display signal output means (H2) is displayed, and an information display light (L) emitted from the display surface. An information projecting device (K) provided with an optical member (A) for projecting light in a predetermined direction, (1B) provided in front of the driver so that the driver can visually recognize the outside scene in front of the outside scene light. A combiner (C) that transmits (J) from the front to the rear and reflects or diffracts the information display light (L) projected from the information projection device (K) in a direction visible to the driver. ) The display signal output means (H2) includes a data memory (U1) that stores target traveling speed data corresponding to the traveling position of the railway vehicle (1), and a current position that outputs current position information of the railway vehicle (1). The detection means (U2) and the current status of the railway vehicle (1) Speed detecting means for detecting the line speed (U
3), and a display signal for polar coordinate display of the target traveling speed pattern (R) at the current position of the railway vehicle (1) and its vicinity based on the current position information and the target traveling speed data. And a display information signal generating means (U4) for outputting.

The head-up display of the second invention of the present application is characterized in that, in the head-up display of the first invention, the following requirements (2A) are provided. (2A) The polar coordinates are polar coordinates having velocity coordinates in the circumferential direction and distance coordinates or time coordinates in the radial direction.

[0013]

Next, the operation of the present invention having the above-mentioned features will be described. In the head-up display of the first invention of the present application having the above-mentioned characteristics, the pattern of the target traveling speed at the current position of the railway vehicle (1) and the position near the current position is displayed in polar coordinates. By looking at the pattern of the target traveling speed at the current position and the position in the vicinity thereof, the difference between the current actual speed and the target speed and the change in the target traveling speed after the present can be easily grasped. Therefore, it is easy to perform deceleration and acceleration at optimal timing. Therefore, even in an inexperienced route area, the driver can easily drive the vehicle at the target traveling speed pattern. Further, by displaying the polar coordinates, the display area can be made closer to a circle, so that when a lens having the same diameter is used, a display that is large and easy to see can be displayed as compared with the display in the XY coordinates.

In the head-up display of the second invention of the present application having the above-mentioned characteristics, since the velocity coordinate is taken in the circumferential direction of the polar coordinate, the current velocity can be grasped with the same feeling as the conventional velocity meter. it can. Further, when taking the distance coordinate or the time coordinate in the radial direction, it is possible to take the current position or the current time on the outer side and the forward position or the future time on the inner side. At that time, the target traveling speed at a position closer to the present time or at a time closer to the present time can be displayed larger (accurately) than the target traveling speed at a position far from the present time or time.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, a driver's cab 2 is installed at a front end portion of a railway vehicle 1. In this cab 2, an instrument panel 4 is arranged in front of a seat 3 for the operator P. Further, in front of the cab 2, a windshield C as a combiner is disposed between the lower vehicle body 5 and the ceiling 6 of the railway vehicle 1. The windshield C is arranged so as to incline downward as it goes forward. An optical member A and an optical information display means D are arranged on the instrument panel 4 of the cab 2. As shown in FIG. 2, the optical information display means D is composed of a transmissive liquid crystal display panel D1 and a light source D2 arranged on the back surface thereof. Then, on the display surface of the liquid crystal display panel D1, necessary information (for example,
Speed information or brake pressure information) is displayed.

The optical information display means D may be a CRT display, a plasma display or a light emitting diode display instead of the liquid crystal display D1 and the light source D2. A polarizing plate E is disposed between the light source D2 and the liquid crystal display panel D1, and the deflection plate E is set to 0 by a gear meshing with a pinion fixed to the output shaft Ma of the stepping motor M shown in FIG. It is configured to rotate within a range of up to 90 degrees. When the deflecting plate E is rotated, the deviation between the polarization direction of the liquid crystal display panel D1 and the polarization direction of the polarizing plate E, that is, the deviation of the optical phase changes between 0 and 90 degrees. At this time, the brightness of the information display light L is adjusted. In this embodiment, the turning position of the stepping motor M (that is, the turning position of the polarizing plate E) is controlled so that a predetermined display brightness is obtained corresponding to the external brightness (background brightness).

The optical member A is composed of a lens system A1, a mirror A2, a convex lens A3, etc., and is arranged so that the information display light L emitted from the optical information display means D is incident on the windshield C. Has been done. The windshield C is arranged so as to allow a part of the information display light L incident from the optical member A to pass therethrough and to reflect the rest toward the operator P.
As shown in FIG. 3, the display by the information display light L can be visually recognized against the background of the surface of the railway line.

Further, the windshield C is arranged so as to reflect a part of the external scene light J incident from the external scene or the like, and transmit the remaining part toward the operator P. That is, the windshield C of this embodiment itself has a function as a combiner. The combiner can be configured separately from the windshield. An information projecting device K is constituted by the optical member A and the optical information display means D. In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, the head-up display H is a HU.
D body H1, display signal output means H2, combiner C
It has and. The HUD main body H1 is composed of the information projecting device K, the LCD drive circuit 7, the stepping motor controller 8 and the like.

In FIG. 2, the display signal output means H2 is
It is illustrated by a block diagram showing the main functions it has. The function of each block shown in FIG.
It is realized by a circuit using a computer shown in FIG. Note that FIG. 3 will be described later.

In FIG. 2, the display signal output means H2 is
A data memory U1 storing run curve data, a current position detecting means U2, and a traveling speed detecting means U3 are provided. The run curve data memory U1 stores run curve data (running speed data) corresponding to a numerical value indicating a distance from a main station (for example, the starting station) serving as a base point. This run curve data memory U1 outputs run curve data U1a up to 1 km ahead from the current position of the railway vehicle 1 in response to the current position signal U2a from the current position detecting means U2. The current position detecting means U2 detects the current position by detecting the traveling distance of the railway vehicle 1 from the main station which is the base point.
ATS signals from the ATS ground coil installed at a predetermined position
When the train car receives it, it corrects the current position. The present position detecting means U2 outputs present position information U2a. The traveling speed detecting means U3 is composed of a speedometer generator and a pulse counter for counting the pulses generated by the speedometer generator, and outputs the current speed information U3a of the railway vehicle 1.

The display signal output means H2 includes display information signal generating means U4. The display information signal creating means U4 displays a run curve (that is, a target traveling speed pattern) from the current position of the railway vehicle 1 to a distance of 1 km based on the run curve data U1a and the current position information U2a on the display surface. A run curve display signal (target traveling speed pattern display signal) for outputting the current speed display signal for displaying the current speed of the railway vehicle 1 on the display surface based on the speed information U3a. Further, the LCD drive circuit 7 to which the output signal of the display information creating means U4 is input, is a liquid crystal display panel for driving the liquid crystal display panel D1 of the optical information display means D based on the input display information signal. The drive signal is being output.

Further, in FIG. 2, a light quantity signal (outside brightness) of the outside scene light J detected by the outside light quantity sensor 9 is shown.
Is amplified by the sensor amplifier 10 and input to the display luminance signal output means U5. The display luminance signal output means U5 is
The display brightness corresponding to the input external brightness (background brightness) signal is determined. The display brightness signal output means U5 outputs a control signal for the stepping motor M to the stepping motor controller 8 according to the determined display brightness.

FIG. 3 is a detailed explanatory view of the present embodiment, which is shown in FIG.
It is a figure which shows the concrete circuit which implement | achieves the function of each component (block) U1-U5 shown in FIG. The head-up display H comprises a head-up display body H1, a display information output means H2, and a combiner C shown in FIGS.
It consists of and. In FIG. 3, the pressure of the brake pressure cylinder (BC pressure) is the pressure transducer 11
Detected by the signal conditioner 12, amplified several hundred times (usually about 200 to 600 times) by the signal conditioner 12, and input to the A / D conversion input interface of the control computer C1. Also, the pressure of the pressure air reservoir (MR
The pressure) is detected by the pressure transducer 13, amplified by a factor of ˜ by the signal conditioner 14, and input to the A / D conversion input interface of the control computer C1. Further, the brightness of the external scene is detected by the external light amount sensor 9 and amplified by the sensor amplifier 10 to obtain the A of the control computer C1.
It is input to the / D conversion input interface. The control computer C1 includes a CPU, an input interface, an input / output interface, an output interface, in addition to the A / D conversion input interface.
It is composed of a program memory, a RAM, a clock, a display information output interface and the like.

The number of rotations of the wheel detected by quick generation (speedometer generator) is counted by the pulse counter 15, and the counted number is input to the input interface of the control computer C1. The input / output interface of the control computer C1 is connected to a data memory U1 which stores run curve data. The output signal of the display information output interface of the control computer C1, that is, the information display signal, is input to the LCD drive circuit 7 of the head-up display body H1. The LCD drive circuit 7 causes the liquid crystal display (LCD) D1 to display information according to the input information display signal.

AC100V output from the power source 16 is supplied to the signal conditioners 12 and 14, and
It is supplied to the switching regulators 17 and 18 and the lamp ballast 19. The switching regulator 17 supplies stable predetermined electric power to the control computer C1, the LCD drive circuit 7 of the head-up display body H1, and the fan 20 for cooling the head-up display body H1. Further, the switching regulator 18 supplies a stable predetermined electric power to the stepping motor controller 8 of the head-up display body H1. The stepping motor M is driven by the stepping motor controller 8. Then, as described above, when the stepping motor M is driven, the polarizing plate E is rotated to adjust the brightness of the information display light L.

The lamp ballast 19 is a metal halide lamp D2 of the head-up display body H1.
It supplies a stable power supply. Light emitted from the metal halide lamp D2 passes through the polarizing plate E and the liquid crystal display D1 and becomes information display light L. Since the liquid crystal display D1 transmits polarized light vibrating in a predetermined direction, its display brightness is adjusted by the rotating position of the polarizing plate E.

The control computer C1 is
A run curve display signal selected from the run curve data input from the data memory U1, a signal input from the pressure transducers 11 and 13 shown in FIG. 3, and a determination signal indicating whether the railway train is stopped or running. In response, a display information output signal for performing a predetermined display is output to the LCD drive circuit 7 (FIGS. 2 and 3).

The display image displayed on the liquid crystal display D1 (display surface of the optical information display means) is visually recognized against the background of the railroad track as shown in FIG. In FIG.
In the display image, the current hourly speed is displayed on the hourly speed display portion arranged along the arc. In the display example shown in FIG. 4, the current speed is 97 km / h. In addition, the liquid crystal display D
On the display surface of 1, the run curve (target traveling speed pattern)
R is displayed. In the run curve R, the outer end in the radial direction shows the target speed value at the current position, and the target speed at the front position of the current position is displayed toward the center in the radial direction. In the display example shown in FIG. 4, it can be seen that the target traveling speed 500 m ahead is 70 km / h. In this display example, the run curve up to 1 km ahead is displayed.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described. In response to an input signal from the control computer C1, the LCD drive circuit causes the liquid crystal display (LCD) D1 to display information (run curve R and the current traveling speed of the vehicle) as shown in FIG. And train 1
While the vehicle is traveling, the driver visually recognizes the scene as shown in FIG. The external scene shown in FIG. 4 is visually recognized as follows. That is, in FIG. 1, the outside scene light J that has passed through the windshield F from the outside world on the left side and has proceeded.
Part of the light is reflected by the combiner C, and the rest of the light passes through the combiner C as it is and goes straight to the eyes of the operator P. As a result, the operator P can visually recognize the external scene as it is. On the other hand, the display information shown in FIG. 4 is visually recognized as follows. Liquid crystal display D of the information projection device K
The information display light L emitted from 1 passes through the lens system A and enters the combiner C. The information display light L incident on the combiner C partially passes through the combiner C,
The remaining portion is reflected and reaches the eyes of the operator P. Thereby, the operator P can visually recognize the information display light L.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various design changes can be made without departing from the present invention described in the claims. It is possible to For example, on the head-up display, information other than speed information, such as brake pressure information, time information, engine speed, oil temperature, etc., can be displayed individually or simultaneously, and various displays other than the liquid crystal display, such as It is also possible to use CRT displays, LED displays, plasma displays, etc. It is also possible to take time in the radial direction of the display pattern in addition to the distance. Further, the information projecting device K can be arranged on the ceiling instead of being arranged on the driver's cab of the railway vehicle.

[0031]

The first and second aspects of the present application having the above-mentioned structure
The head-up display for a railway vehicle of the invention displays a pattern of target traveling speeds at the current position of the railway vehicle and a position near the current position. By observing the pattern of the target traveling speed at the current position and the position in the vicinity thereof, it is easy to accelerate and decelerate at the optimum timing. Therefore, it becomes easy to drive the vehicle at the target traveling speed. Further, since the pattern of the target traveling speed is displayed in polar coordinates, the display area can be made closer to a circle. Therefore, when using lenses with the same diameter, X
A large and easy-to-see display can be made compared to the display at the −Y coordinate. Moreover, since the head-up display of the second invention of the present application has velocity coordinates in the circumferential direction, it is possible to grasp (recognize) the current velocity with the same feeling as a conventional velocity meter. Further, when taking the distance coordinate or the time coordinate in the radial direction, it is possible to take the current position or the current time on the outer side and the forward position or the future time on the inner side. At that time, the target traveling speed at a position or time closer to the present can be displayed larger (accurately) than the target traveling speed at a position or time far from the present.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a railway vehicle equipped with a head-up display for a railway vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an overall explanatory view of the same embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a detailed explanatory diagram of the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of an information display example of the same embodiment.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional information display example.

[Explanation of symbols]

A ... Optical member, C ... Combiner, D ... Optical information display means, H2 ... Display signal output means, J ... External scene light, K ... Information projecting device, L ... Information display light, R ... Target traveling speed pattern (Run curve), U1 ... Data memory, U2 ... Current position detecting means, U3 ... Speed detecting means, U4 ... Display information signal creating means, 1 ... Rail vehicle,

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] June 9, 1992

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] 0023

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

FIG. 3 is a detailed explanatory diagram of the present embodiment, and is a diagram showing a concrete circuit for realizing the functions of the respective constituent elements (blocks) U1 to U5 shown in FIG. The head-up display H is composed of a head-up display body H1, display information output means H2, and a combiner C shown in FIGS. In FIG. 3, the pressure of the brake pressure cylinder (BC pressure) is the pressure transducer 11
Detected by the signal conditioner 12, amplified several hundred times (usually about 200 to 600 times) by the signal conditioner 12, and input to the A / D conversion input interface of the control computer C1. Also, the pressure of the pressure air reservoir (MR
The pressure) is detected by the pressure transducer 13, amplified 10 to several tens of times by the signal conditioner 14, and input to the A / D conversion input interface of the control computer C1. Further, the brightness of the external scene is detected by the external light amount sensor 9, and the sensor amplifier 10
It is amplified by and is input to the A / D conversion input interface of the control computer C1.
The control computer C1 includes a CPU, an input interface, an input / output interface, an output interface, a program memory, a RAM, a clock, a display information output interface, and the like in addition to the A / D conversion input interface.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A head-up display having the following requirements (1A) and (1B), wherein the head-up display has the following requirements (1C). (1A) Optical information display means having a display surface for displaying information according to the display signal output from the display signal output means, and an optical member for projecting information display light emitted from the display surface in a predetermined direction. (1B) is provided in front of the driver, transmits the external scene light from the front to the rear so that the driver can visually recognize the external scene in front, and from the information projector A combiner for reflecting or diffracting the projected information display light in a direction visible to a driver, (1C) the display signal output means is a data memory storing target travel speed data corresponding to a travel position of a railway vehicle, Current position detecting means for outputting current position information of the railway vehicle, speed detecting means for detecting current traveling speed of the railway vehicle, and railway vehicle based on the current position information and target traveling speed data Having a display information signal producing means and the pattern of the target travel speed the current speed and outputs a display signal to polar coordinates (U4) at the current position and its vicinity. 2. The head-up display according to claim 1, wherein the head-up display has the following constituent requirements (2A). (2A) The polar coordinates are polar coordinates having velocity coordinates in the circumferential direction and distance coordinates or time coordinates in the radial direction.