JPH05283932A - Antenna - Google Patents
AntennaInfo
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- JPH05283932A JPH05283932A JP7700592A JP7700592A JPH05283932A JP H05283932 A JPH05283932 A JP H05283932A JP 7700592 A JP7700592 A JP 7700592A JP 7700592 A JP7700592 A JP 7700592A JP H05283932 A JPH05283932 A JP H05283932A
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- antenna
- phase
- wave
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、地上マイクロ波通信
などに用いられるアンテナ装置に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an antenna device used for terrestrial microwave communication or the like.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】図３は、例えば、電子情報通信学会編、
電子情報通信ハンドブック第１分冊、ｐ．１３３０，オ
ーム社発行、１９８８年３月３０日．に示された図に基
づいて書いたアンテナ装置の構成説明図である。図にお
いて、１は受信アンテナである第一のアンテナ、２は送
信アンテナである第二のアンテナ、３は不要波、４は所
望波である。2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 3 is, for example, edited by the Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers,
Electronic Information and Communication Handbook Volume 1, p. 1330, published by Ohmsha, March 30, 1988. It is a structure explanatory view of the antenna device written based on the figure shown in FIG. In the figure, 1 is a first antenna which is a receiving antenna, 2 is a second antenna which is a transmitting antenna, 3 is an unnecessary wave, and 4 is a desired wave.
【０００３】このアンテナ装置では、第二のアンテナ２
からの送信信号を、第一のアンテナ１で受信している場
合を示している。In this antenna device, the second antenna 2
1 shows the case where the transmission signal from is received by the first antenna 1.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記のような従来のア
ンテナ装置では、受信アンテナである第一のアンテナ１
に構造物や大地などで反射された不要波が入射した場
合、不要波が雑音として通信に悪影響を及ぼし、特に、
不要波が受信アンテナの主ビーム内に到来した場合はＳ
／Ｎ比が大きく悪化するという問題点があった。In the conventional antenna device as described above, the first antenna 1 which is the receiving antenna is used.
When an unwanted wave reflected by a structure or the ground is incident on, the unwanted wave adversely affects communication as noise, and in particular,
If the unwanted wave arrives in the main beam of the receiving antenna, S
There is a problem that the / N ratio is greatly deteriorated.
【０００５】この発明は上記のような問題を解決するた
めになされたもので、不要波が受信アンテナの主ビーム
内に到来し、不要波の到来方向が所望受信波の到来方向
と一致しない場合に、広帯域に亙ってＳ／Ｎ比の良好な
アンテナ装置を得ることを目的とする。The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, and in the case where an unwanted wave arrives in the main beam of the receiving antenna and the direction of arrival of the unwanted wave does not match the direction of arrival of the desired received wave. Another object is to obtain an antenna device having a good S / N ratio over a wide band.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】この発明によるアンテナ
装置においては、第一のアンテナと、上記第一のアンテ
ナに到来する不要波の方向に垂直で、上記第一のアンテ
ナの位相中心を含む面内に位相中心が配され、上記第一
のアンテナと等しい主ビーム方向を有する第二のアンテ
ナと、上記第一のアンテナの受信信号と第二のアンテナ
の受信信号を合成する手段とを備え、上記不要波の方向
の受信レベルを低下させるものである。In the antenna device according to the present invention, a plane that is perpendicular to the direction of the unwanted wave that reaches the first antenna and that includes the phase center of the first antenna is provided. A phase center is arranged in the second antenna having a main beam direction equal to the first antenna, and means for synthesizing the received signal of the first antenna and the received signal of the second antenna, The reception level in the direction of the unnecessary wave is lowered.
【０００７】[0007]
【作用】この発明のアンテナ装置においては、第一のア
ンテナに対して、この第一のアンテナに到来する不要波
の方向に垂直で、上記第一のアンテナの位相中心を含む
面内に位相中心を配した上記第一のアンテナと等しい主
ビーム方向を有する第二のアンテナを設け、上記第一の
アンテナの受信信号と第二のアンテナの受信信号を合成
する手段により上記不要波の方向の受信レベルを低下さ
せるように受信信号を合成するので、受信レベルを低下
させる方向を周波数によらず一定にし、不要波の受信レ
ベルを低下させ、広帯域に亙ってアンテナ装置のＳ／Ｎ
比を改善する。In the antenna device of the present invention, the phase center of the first antenna is perpendicular to the direction of the undesired wave reaching the first antenna and is within the plane including the phase center of the first antenna. A second antenna having a main beam direction equal to that of the first antenna, and receiving the signal in the direction of the unnecessary wave by means of combining the reception signal of the first antenna and the reception signal of the second antenna. Since the received signals are combined so as to lower the level, the direction of lowering the receiving level is made constant regardless of the frequency, the receiving level of the unwanted wave is lowered, and the S / N ratio of the antenna device is spread over a wide band.
Improve the ratio.
【０００８】[0008]
【実施例】実施例１．図１は、本発明の一実施例に係る
アンテナ装置の構成説明図である。図において、１は受
信アンテナとして動作する第一のアンテナ、２は信号を
送信してくる第二のアンテナ、３は構造物や大地などで
反射されるなどして第一のアンテナ１に到来する不要
波、４は第二のアンテナ２から送信される通信に利用さ
れる所望波、５は第一のアンテナ１と所定の関係で配置
された第三のアンテナ、６は第一のアンテナ１の受信信
号と第三のアンテナ５の受信信号を所定の位相差で合成
するための半固定移相器、７は主ビーム方向である。な
お、このアンテナ装置では、不要波３の方向に垂直で、
第一のアンテナ１の位相中心点を含む平面内に、主ビー
ム方向７および利得が第一のアンテナ１と等しい第三の
アンテナ５の位相中心点を間隔Ｌを隔てて設け、第一の
アンテナ１の受信信号と第三のアンテナ５の受信信号を
半固定移相器６を用いて逆相で合成している。また、第
一のアンテナ１と第三のアンテナ５の間隔Ｌは、第一の
アンテナ１と第三のアンテナ５の開口径ｄと同程度とす
る。ここで座標系は不要波３の到来方向をθ＝０とす
る。EXAMPLES Example 1. FIG. 1 is a configuration explanatory diagram of an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a first antenna that operates as a receiving antenna, 2 is a second antenna that transmits a signal, and 3 is that which arrives at the first antenna 1 after being reflected by a structure or the ground. Unwanted wave, 4 is a desired wave used for communication transmitted from the second antenna 2, 5 is a third antenna arranged in a predetermined relationship with the first antenna 1, and 6 is the first antenna 1. A semi-fixed phase shifter 7 for synthesizing the received signal and the received signal of the third antenna 5 with a predetermined phase difference is in the main beam direction. In addition, in this antenna device, it is perpendicular to the direction of the unwanted wave 3,
In the plane including the phase center point of the first antenna 1, the phase center points of the third antenna 5 having the main beam direction 7 and the gain equal to those of the first antenna 1 are provided at intervals L. The reception signal of 1 and the reception signal of the third antenna 5 are combined in antiphase by using the semi-fixed phase shifter 6. In addition, the distance L between the first antenna 1 and the third antenna 5 is approximately the same as the opening diameter d of the first antenna 1 and the third antenna 5. Here, in the coordinate system, the arrival direction of the unwanted wave 3 is θ = 0.
【０００９】次に、動作について説明する。主ビームが
対向する第一のアンテナ１と第二のアンテナ２が存在
し、第二のアンテナ２の方向以外から第一のアンテナ１
の主ビーム内に不要波３が到来しているとする。また、
不要波３の到来方向は時間的に一定、もしくは、微小な
変動しかしないとする。上記のようなアンテナ装置の放
射パターンは、図１の座標系において（１）式に比例す
る。Next, the operation will be described. There is a first antenna 1 and a second antenna 2 that are opposite to each other in the main beam, and the first antenna 1 and the second antenna 2 are arranged in directions other than the direction of the second antenna 2.
It is assumed that the unwanted wave 3 arrives in the main beam of. Also,
It is assumed that the direction of arrival of the unwanted wave 3 is constant in time, or has only minute fluctuations. The radiation pattern of the antenna device as described above is proportional to the equation (1) in the coordinate system of FIG.
【００１０】[0010]
【数１】 [Equation 1]
【００１１】つまり、θ＝０の不要波３の到来方向に指
向性のナルができ、不要波３は受信されない。また、不
要波３の到来方向が微小変位しても、不要波３の受信レ
ベルは低くなる。次に、通信に使用される主ビーム方
向、つまり、第二のアンテナ２が存在する方向への第一
のアンテナ１と第三のアンテナ５の逆相合成利得につい
て述べる。不要波３の方向に最も近い方向で、第一のア
ンテナ１と第三のアンテナ５の逆相合成電界が同相とな
る方向は、（２）式においてｎ＝１の方向である。That is, directivity is nullified in the arrival direction of the unwanted wave 3 with θ = 0, and the unwanted wave 3 is not received. Further, even if the arrival direction of the unwanted wave 3 is slightly displaced, the reception level of the unwanted wave 3 becomes low. Next, the anti-phase combined gain of the first antenna 1 and the third antenna 5 in the main beam direction used for communication, that is, in the direction in which the second antenna 2 exists will be described. The direction closest to the direction of the unwanted wave 3 and in which the antiphase synthetic electric fields of the first antenna 1 and the third antenna 5 are in phase is the direction of n = 1 in the equation (2).
【００１２】[0012]
【数２】 [Equation 2]
【００１３】また、ｎ＝ｐとは、不要波３にｐ番目に近
い方向で、第一のアンテナ１と第三のアンテナ５の逆相
合成電界が同相となる方向である。以下、第一のアンテ
ナ１と第三のアンテナ５の開口径ｄは波長に比べて十分
大きく主ビーム幅が狭く、さらに、サイドローブレベル
も低いと仮定する。第一のアンテナ１と第三のアンテナ
５の開口径ｄが波長に比べて十分大きいと、第一のアン
テナ１と第三のアンテナ５がおのおのブロッキングにな
らないためには、間隔Ｌも波長にくらべて十分大きくな
り、（２）式のｎ＝１の場合を満たす角度方向θは
（３）式のように近似される。Further, n = p is a direction that is the p-th closest to the unwanted wave 3 and a direction in which the anti-phase combined electric fields of the first antenna 1 and the third antenna 5 are in phase. Hereinafter, it is assumed that the aperture diameters d of the first antenna 1 and the third antenna 5 are sufficiently larger than the wavelength, the main beam width is narrow, and the side lobe level is also low. If the aperture diameters d of the first antenna 1 and the third antenna 5 are sufficiently larger than the wavelength, in order that the first antenna 1 and the third antenna 5 do not block each other, the distance L is also different from the wavelength. The angle direction θ that satisfies the case of n = 1 in the equation (2) is approximated by the equation (3).
【００１４】[0014]
【数３】 [Equation 3]
【００１５】第一のアンテナ１と第三のアンテナ５の逆
相合成パターンは（１）式のアレーファクタと第一のア
ンテナ１と第三のアンテナ５の放射パターンの積で与え
られるが、第一のアンテナ１と第三のアンテナ５は主ビ
ーム幅が狭く、サイドローブレベルも低いと仮定したの
で、（１）式の絶対値が１となる方向が第一のアンテナ
１と第三のアンテナ５の主ビーム内に一つだけ存在する
場合、その方向付近のパターンがアンテナ利得の主要項
になる。（２）式，（３）式より、第一のアンテナ１と
第三のアンテナ５のビーム幅をΔθo として、ビーム幅
Δθo 内にｎ＝１の逆合成電界が同相となる方向が含ま
れる条件より、（４）式により与えられるが、The anti-phase combination pattern of the first antenna 1 and the third antenna 5 is given by the product of the array factor of equation (1) and the radiation pattern of the first antenna 1 and the third antenna 5, Since it is assumed that the first antenna 1 and the third antenna 5 have a narrow main beam width and a low sidelobe level, the directions in which the absolute value of the equation (1) becomes 1 are the first antenna 1 and the third antenna 5. If there is only one in the 5 main beam, the pattern near that direction becomes the main term of the antenna gain. From the equations (2) and (3), the beam width of the first antenna 1 and the third antenna 5 is Δθ o , and the direction in which the inverse combined electric field of n = 1 is in phase is included in the beam width Δθ o . Based on the condition, given by equation (4),
【００１６】[0016]
【数４】 [Equation 4]
【００１７】たとえば、円形開口を有するアンテナのビ
ーム幅Δθo は（５）式により与えられ、For example, the beam width Δθ o of an antenna having a circular aperture is given by equation (5),
【００１８】[0018]
【数５】 [Equation 5]
【００１９】また、方形開口を有するアンテナのビーム
幅Δθo は（６）式により与えられ、The beam width Δθ o of the antenna having a rectangular aperture is given by the equation (6),
【００２０】[0020]
【数６】 [Equation 6]
【００２１】この実施例のように、第一のアンテナ１と
第三のアンテナ５の間隔Ｌとアンテナ開口径ｄの大きさ
が同程度の場合、（３）式、（５）式、（６）式より、
（４）式の条件が、周波数、開口径に左右されず常に満
たされる。その場合、第一のアンテナ１と第三のアンテ
ナ５の所望波４の方向の合成利得は第一のアンテナ１単
体の利得と同程度、もしくはそれ以上になり、かつ、不
要波３の方向の利得は第一のアンテナ１単体の場合に比
べて減少するので、Ｓ／Ｎ比が改善される。When the distance L between the first antenna 1 and the third antenna 5 and the antenna aperture diameter d are similar to each other as in this embodiment, the expressions (3), (5), and (6) are used. From the expression)
The condition of the expression (4) is always satisfied regardless of the frequency and the aperture diameter. In that case, the combined gain of the first antenna 1 and the third antenna 5 in the direction of the desired wave 4 is about the same as or higher than the gain of the first antenna 1 alone, and in the direction of the unwanted wave 3. Since the gain is reduced as compared with the case of the first antenna 1 alone, the S / N ratio is improved.
【００２２】また、本発明は以下の利点も持つ。不要波
３の方向へ形成した指向性のナル点方向は、周波数特性
を持たない。つまり、多周波数共用アンテナや広帯域ア
ンテナにおいても、（４）式の条件を満たすように第一
のアンテナ１と第三のアンテナ５を配置してやれば、同
様な不要波除去特性が得られる。例えば、図２は、３周
波数共用開口面アンテナにおける本発明の一実施例に係
る放射パターンの計算値である。図２では、角度−０．
６度方向に不要波が到来しており、その方向にナル点を
形成している。また、所望波は、角度０度方向に存在す
るとする。中心周波数をｆ0 とし、０．８３ｆ0 、
ｆ0 、１．３ｆ0 の３周波数における放射パターンは、
常に角度−０．６度方向にナル点を有し、さらに、角度
０度方向の正面方向利得の低下量もほとんど無い。これ
は、本発明の有効性を示すものである。さらに本発明で
は、第一のアンテナ１と第三のアンテナ５の受信波を逆
相で合成する回路を設けるだけで、不要波を抑圧できる
ので、不要波を抑圧するための複雑な信号処理装置を用
いる必要がない。また、通信基地局等において、一定方
向からの不要波の干渉が問題になったとき、新たなアン
テナ設備や信号処理装置を開発する必要がなく、現在使
用しているアンテナと同じものを所定の配置でもう一台
設置し、両アンテナからの受信信号を逆相で合成するだ
けで、所望のＳ／Ｎ比を実現することができ、対策時
間、対策費用の節減にもつながる。The present invention also has the following advantages. The directivity null point direction formed in the direction of the unwanted wave 3 has no frequency characteristic. That is, also in a multi-frequency shared antenna or a wideband antenna, if the first antenna 1 and the third antenna 5 are arranged so as to satisfy the condition of the expression (4), similar unnecessary wave removal characteristics can be obtained. For example, FIG. 2 shows calculated values of a radiation pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention in a triple frequency aperture antenna. In FIG. 2, the angle −0.
Undesired waves arrive in the direction of 6 degrees and form a null point in that direction. Further, it is assumed that the desired wave exists in the direction of an angle of 0 degree. The center frequency is f 0 , 0.83f 0 ,
The radiation patterns at the three frequencies f 0 and 1.3f 0 are
There is always a null point in the direction of -0.6 degrees, and there is almost no decrease in the front gain in the direction of 0 degrees. This shows the effectiveness of the present invention. Further, according to the present invention, the unnecessary wave can be suppressed only by providing a circuit for synthesizing the received waves of the first antenna 1 and the third antenna 5 in anti-phase. Therefore, a complicated signal processing device for suppressing the unnecessary wave is provided. Need not be used. In addition, when the interference of unwanted waves from a certain direction becomes a problem in a communication base station, it is not necessary to develop new antenna equipment or signal processing device, and the same antenna as the one currently used can be specified. The other S / N ratio can be achieved by simply installing another unit and arranging the received signals from both antennas in opposite phase, which leads to a reduction in countermeasure time and countermeasure cost.
【００２３】[0023]
【発明の効果】以上のようにこの発明によれば、受信レ
ベルを低下させる方向を周波数によらず一定にし、不要
波の受信レベルを低下させ、広帯域に亙ってＳ／Ｎ比の
改善されたアンテナ装置を得られる効果がある。As described above, according to the present invention, the direction in which the reception level is lowered is made constant regardless of the frequency, the reception level of unnecessary waves is lowered, and the S / N ratio is improved over a wide band. There is an effect that an excellent antenna device can be obtained.
【図１】本発明の一実施例に係るアンテナ装置の構成説
明図である。FIG. 1 is a configuration explanatory diagram of an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】３周波数共用開口面アンテナにおける本発明の
一実施例に係る放射パターンの計算値を示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing calculated values of a radiation pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention in a three-frequency shared aperture antenna.
【図３】従来のアンテナ装置の構成説明図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a conventional antenna device.
１ 第一のアンテナ ２ 第二のアンテナ ３ 不要波 ４ 所望波 ５ 第三のアンテナ ６ 半固定移相器 ７ 主ビーム方向 1 First Antenna 2 Second Antenna 3 Unwanted Wave 4 Desired Wave 5 Third Antenna 6 Semi-Fixed Phase Shifter 7 Main Beam Direction
フロントページの続き (72)発明者 片木 孝至 鎌倉市大船五丁目１番１号 三菱電機株式 会社通信システム研究所内Front Page Continuation (72) Inventor Takashi Katagaki 1-1 1-1 Ofuna, Kamakura City Mitsubishi Electric Corporation
Claims (1)
に到来する不要波の方向に垂直で、上記第一のアンテナ
の位相中心を含む面内に位相中心が配され、上記第一の
アンテナと等しい主ビーム方向を有する第二のアンテナ
と、上記第一のアンテナの受信信号と第二のアンテナの
受信信号を合成する手段とを備え、上記不要波の方向の
受信レベルを低下させることを特徴とするアンテナ装
置。1. A phase center is arranged in a plane that is perpendicular to a direction of an unwanted wave reaching the first antenna and includes a phase center of the first antenna. A second antenna having a main beam direction equal to that of the antenna, and means for synthesizing the reception signal of the first antenna and the reception signal of the second antenna, and lowering the reception level in the direction of the unwanted wave. An antenna device characterized by.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7700592A JPH05283932A (en) | 1992-03-31 | 1992-03-31 | Antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7700592A JPH05283932A (en) | 1992-03-31 | 1992-03-31 | Antenna |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05283932A true JPH05283932A (en) | 1993-10-29 |
Family
ID=13621654
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7700592A Pending JPH05283932A (en) | 1992-03-31 | 1992-03-31 | Antenna |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH05283932A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1775599A1 (en) * | 2003-08-04 | 2007-04-18 | Locata Corporation | System and method for synthesized phase centre |
| CN103404044A (en) * | 2012-11-07 | 2013-11-20 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna adjusting method and device for multi-input and multi-output microwave system |
| JP2018133734A (en) * | 2017-02-16 | 2018-08-23 | ソフトバンク株式会社 | Base station, interference hindering device and interference hindering method |
-
1992
- 1992-03-31 JP JP7700592A patent/JPH05283932A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1775599A1 (en) * | 2003-08-04 | 2007-04-18 | Locata Corporation | System and method for synthesized phase centre |
| CN103404044A (en) * | 2012-11-07 | 2013-11-20 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna adjusting method and device for multi-input and multi-output microwave system |
| WO2014071582A1 (en) * | 2012-11-07 | 2014-05-15 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method and apparatus for adjusting antennas in multiple input multiple output microwave system |
| CN103404044B (en) * | 2012-11-07 | 2016-03-09 | 华为技术有限公司 | A kind of antenna adjusting method of multiple-input and multiple-output microwave system and device |
| JP2018133734A (en) * | 2017-02-16 | 2018-08-23 | ソフトバンク株式会社 | Base station, interference hindering device and interference hindering method |
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