JPH05281145A - Weave meter - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a highly accurate weave meter, which matches the visual sense of paper, unwoven fabric and other sheet-shaped material samples by providing an image sensing means, an image memory, a means for measuring the amount of transmitted light and an operating means for obtaining the numerical values of fluctation degrees, and using the specified value as the evaluating value of the numerical values. CONSTITUTION:The light, which is emitted from a light source 3, is transmitted through a material 2 to be measured, which is supported by a sample stage 1, and cast into a CCD camera 4. When the absorptivity of the material 2 to be measured is high, the amount of the incident light is less. When the absorptivity is low, the amount of the incident light becomes more conversely. Then, an automatic iris lens is used, and the stop is adjusted. Thus, the amount of the incident light into the camera 4 is kept constant. At this time, when there is mottling (uneven weave) due to uneven thickness partially in the material 2, the amount of the incident light is also fluctuated. Therefore, the image is received in a frame memory 6, and the image is analyzed. Thus, the fluctuation of the amount of the incident light can be found, and the weave (distribution of fibers) is evaluated. The evaluation of the weave is computed by weave index=(standard deviation of amount of transmitted light/average amount of transmitted light)X100.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a ground total of sheet-like substances such as paper and non-woven fabric.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The distribution state of fibers constituting paper, non-woven fabric, etc. is called formation, and it is one of the important factors to use its quality. Conventional formation is based on human experience and feeling. Has been visually evaluated. Therefore, unless a considerable amount of experience is gained, the evaluation may be wrong, and there are individual differences, and the influence of the physical condition of the evaluated person cannot be ignored.

Recently, various ground totals for numerically evaluating the ground formation have been put into practical use, but they were insufficient in terms of conformity with visual feeling.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is intended to provide a geographic total with high measurement accuracy that matches the visual sensation of a sample of paper, nonwoven fabric or other sheet material.

[0005]

According to the present invention, there is provided an image pickup means for picking up an image of a sample, an image memory for storing image data obtained by the image pickup means, and an amount of transmitted light for each location of the sample by processing the image data. It is a total of the land, which is characterized by having a means for recognizing the value and a calculation means for quantifying the degree of spatial fluctuation of the transmitted light amount value. A value represented by (amount of transmitted light) × 100 is used, and the ground total is according to claim 1.

Further, in the above-mentioned total area, automatic consideration adjusting means such as an auto iris lens is provided between the sample to be measured and the image pickup device.

[0007]

In the present invention, the fluctuation of the amount of light incident on the image pickup device due to the difference in the absorbance of the object to be measured is compensated by the auto iris lens. Furthermore, since the formation is evaluated by the evaluation formula of (standard deviation of transmitted light amount / average transmitted light amount) × 100, the compensation is performed more completely, and the measured formation value that matches the visual sense with high accuracy is obtained. Be done.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the land total of one embodiment of the present invention. Object to be measured (2) supported on the sample table (1)
Is illuminated by a light source (3). An image obtained by transmitted illumination is captured by a CCD camera (4), passes through an A / D converter (5), and is stored in a frame memory (6). On the other hand, this image is D / A converted through the D / A converter (7) and is displayed on the monitor CRT (8).

(9) is an automatic consideration adjusting device provided on the input side of the image pickup camera (4), and an auto iris lens is most suitable. As a result, even if there is a difference in the absorbance of the object to be measured (1), the amount of light entering the imaging camera (4) is maintained substantially constant by adjusting the diaphragm of (9). At this time, the fluctuation of the incident light amount due to the difference in the absorbance of the object to be measured is compensated by the diaphragm adjustment by the auto iris lens (9),
It does not adversely affect the measurement result due to the difference in absorbance of the DUT (2). Reference numeral (10) is a CPU, which calculates a formation index based on the data in the frame memory. (11) is a CRT for displaying measurement results and the like, and (12) is a keyboard input device.

The operation of the device of the present invention will be further described. The light emitted from the light source (3) passes through the object to be measured (2) supported by the sample stage (1) and the CCD camera (4). Incident on. At this time, if the absorbance of the DUT (2) is high, the amount of incident light is small, and conversely, if it is low, the amount of incident light is large. Therefore, by using an auto iris lens, the diaphragm is adjusted and the amount of light incident on the CCD camera (4) is maintained constant.

Here, if the measured object (2) has unevenness in thickness (unevenness), the amount of incident light also fluctuates. Therefore, if this image is taken into the frame memory (6) and the image is analyzed, fluctuations in the amount of incident light can be known, and the texture is evaluated.

The present invention is a "formation index" for evaluating formation.
Is calculated by the following formula. Formation index = (standard deviation of transmitted light amount / average transmitted light amount) x
100 (1) Digital data after A / D conversion is, for example, 512 × 5
It is stored in a frame of 12 pixels and 8 bits, and at the same time D /
After being A-converted, the object to be measured can be observed on the monitor (8).
512 × 512 pixels, 8-bit data (256 gradations), average value and standard deviation are calculated for all data,
These values are applied to the above formula by setting the average amount of transmitted light and the standard deviation of the amount of transmitted light to obtain the formation index.

Therefore, if there are many spots, the standard deviation of the amount of transmitted light becomes large, and conversely, if there are few spots, the standard deviation becomes small, so that the formation index becomes small. Here, since the average transmitted light amount uses the auto iris lens, there is almost no difference due to the absorbance of the measured object, but there is a slight difference, so to correct this, divide by the average transmitted light amount. Normalize.

A measurement example is shown below. Table 1 shows the tsubo 35-35
An example of measurement with a paper in the range of 58 g / m ² is shown, and in the comparison table of the conventional visual judgment, the numerical value from ⊚ to × was quantified from 1 to 7 and the measured value of the ground total of the present invention. Show.

[0015]

[Table 1]

As can be seen from these results, the correlation coefficient R between the visual judgment and the numerical value measured by the present invention shows a very high correlation of R = 0.85, and the extremely effective ground total is obtained by the present invention. Could be realized.

[0017]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, it is possible to easily evaluate the texture by automatically quantifying the texture of a sheet material such as paper and non-woven fabric, which has been mainly judged by human eyes. It is possible, and unlike other conventional geographic totals, by correcting the amount of incident light using an auto iris, etc., an evaluation device that is closer to the conventional visual evaluation method can be used without being affected by the magnitude of the absorbance of the DUT. Can be provided.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a land total according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 sample table 2 DUT 3 light source (illuminator) 4 CCD camera 5 A / D converter 6 frame memory 7 D / A converter 8 monitor 9 auto iris lens 10 CPU

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ───

[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] April 2, 1992

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0006

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

Further, in the above-mentioned total area, automatic light amount adjusting means such as an auto iris lens is provided between the sample to be measured and the image pickup device.

[Procedure Amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0009

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

(9) is an automatic light quantity adjusting device provided on the input side of the image pickup camera (4), and an auto iris lens is most suitable. As a result, even if there is a difference in the absorbance of the object to be measured (1), the amount of light entering the imaging camera (4) is maintained substantially constant by adjusting the diaphragm of (9). At this time, the fluctuation of the incident light amount due to the difference in the absorbance of the object to be measured is compensated by the diaphragm adjustment by the auto iris lens (9),
Even if there is a difference in the absorbance of the DUT (2), the measurement result is not adversely affected. Reference numeral (10) is a CPU, which calculates a formation index based on the data in the frame memory. (11) is a CRT for displaying measurement results and the like, and (12) is a keyboard input device.

[Procedure 3]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Explanation of code

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Explanation of reference symbols] 1 sample stage 2 object to be measured 3 light source (illuminator) 4 CCD camera 5 A / D converter 6 frame memory 7 D / A converter 8 monitor 9 auto iris lens 10 CPU 11 CRT 12 keyboard

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁵ Identification number Reference number within the agency FI Technical indication location G06F 15/62 380 9287-5L (72) Inventor Tomita Kura 4-3-1, Jokoji, Amagasaki, Hyogo Prefecture No. Kanzaki Paper Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Kanzaki Mill

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. An image pickup means for picking up a sample image, an image memory for storing image data obtained by the image pickup means, and an operation for processing the image data to quantify the degree of spatial fluctuation of the transmitted light quantity value. Means and means for compensating for the absorbance of the sample. 2. The calculation means is configured to (standard deviation of transmitted light amount /
The local total according to claim 1, wherein the calculation is performed by an equation represented by (average transmitted light amount) × 100. 3. The land total according to claim 1, wherein an automatic light amount adjusting means is provided between the sample and the image pickup means as the compensating means. 4. The land total according to claim 3, wherein the automatic light amount adjusting means is an auto iris.