JPH05280449A - Starter for automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce the number of parts and capacity, and permit the free arrangement by integrally forming an electromagnetic switch, diode for electric charge, and a starting motor, and connecting the electromagnetic switch and the diode for electric charge, having a plurality of contact points in each special state. CONSTITUTION:A starter for vehicle is equipped with an electromagnetic switch which is formed integrally, diode D for electric charge, and a starting motor S. In this case, the electromagnetic switch is constituted of the first contact point C1 connected with a storage battery BS for start, second contact point C2 connected with a storage battery BL for load, and a movable contact piece C3 connected with the positive terminal A5 of the starting motor S. Further, the movable contact piece C3 connects and disconnects the first and second contact points C1 and C2 by the operation of a startings switch. Further, the diode D for electric charge performs connection by turning a positive electrode to the first contact point C1 side, between the first and second contact points C1 and C2. Accordingly, the need of a diode between both the storage batteries BS and BL is obviated, and each capacity of the storage battery BS for start, etc., can be reduced.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automobile starting device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art At present, the storage battery circuit of an automobile has one power source and three power sources.
Lineage is common. In other words, one storage battery for starting,
It is connected to each circuit for ignition and other loads. According to this, starter and alternator
Coupled with the improvement in reliability of electric components such as a motor, stable electricity can be supplied from an alternator to various loads after the engine can be started. Therefore, the storage battery is hardly discharged regardless of whether the vehicle is running or idling.

However, no matter how the reliability of the electrical equipment is improved, the engine cannot be started any longer when the life of the storage battery is reached. If the life of the storage battery can be accurately detected and the storage battery can be replaced appropriately, the reliability of engine starting will be higher.
However, since the storage battery is an electrochemical device, it is greatly affected by the ambient temperature and maintenance and handling, and thus a reliable method for determining the life has not been established at present. Therefore, there arises a problem that the engine cannot be started suddenly one day.

Apart from the life of the storage battery, even if the capacity of the storage battery is exhausted, the engine cannot be started. Loads such as automobile lamps are connected to the storage battery with a dedicated switch, and the start switch is turned on.
-It can be turned on arbitrarily regardless of whether it is off. Therefore, if these lamp switches are forgotten to be turned off, the storage battery will continue to be discharged even if the start switch is turned off. The main lights are equipped with warning devices to prevent mistakes in turning off the lights, but room lamps, parking lights, lighting lamps in the trunk, etc. are not equipped with warning devices. Therefore, if they are forgotten to be turned off, the storage battery will be completely discharged and the engine cannot be started.

In addition to this, loads such as various memories and watches are directly connected to the storage battery, so that the memory is inevitably retained even when the start switch is turned off. This holding current varies depending on the car model, but it is 50 mA for many currents from 5 mA.
Is. If it is constantly discharged with this current, it may be in a completely discharged state in about 2 to 6 months.

When the automobile engine cannot be started due to the above-mentioned reasons, it does not cause a serious problem in a place where the service network is located, but may become a serious problem in a place other than that.

A so-called switch storage battery and a two-power three-system system equipped with two storage batteries have been proposed as measures against the problem of engine starting caused by the storage batteries. The former is to provide an emergency spare storage battery in addition to the storage battery that is always used and cope with an emergency by switching the circuit connection. However, this has a problem that weight efficiency and volume efficiency are deteriorated because it is necessary to always mount an unused spare storage battery. On the other hand, the latter two-power-source three-system system has the same function as the switch storage battery described above, and can be separated into a starting storage battery and a load battery, so that the starting storage battery does not discharge even if a lighting failure occurs. In addition, since a starting current flows from both storage batteries during constant starting, high-performance starting characteristics can be obtained. Further, since the starting storage battery can always be properly charged except when starting, and it becomes a long-life system for the storage battery, it has been specifically studied for high-class automobiles.

[0008]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] 2 currently proposed
As shown in Fig. 1, the main components of the three power system are:
Two storage batteries (6 cells × 2) are integrated, and a diode of a backflow device is inserted as a charging device between both batteries. However, if the storage battery is divided into a starting storage battery and a load storage battery and arranged in the engine section and the trunk section, it becomes difficult to connect the diode D, and the load storage battery is discharged at the time of starting. Since the current passes through the diode, there is a problem that a diode drop occurs and the performance of the two-power-three-system system deteriorates.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a compact, inexpensive and highly reliable starting device for an automobile. Especially.

[0010]

What has been done there is provided with an electromagnetic switch, a charging diode and a starting motor which are integrally formed, and the electromagnetic switch is connected to a starting storage battery. A first contact, a second contact connected to the load storage battery, and a movable contact connected to the positive terminal of the starting motor. The movable contact is connected to the first contact and the second contact by operating the starting switch. Is configured to short-circuit and open the contact of the positive electrode, and the charging diode has a positive electrode between the first contact and the second contact with the first contact side. It is an invention of a starting device for an automobile, which is connected together.

[0011]

In the vehicle starting device according to the present invention, the exciting coil is excited by the operation of the starting switch, and both contacts of the movable contact piece are electrically short-circuited. It is characterized in that a terminal that can be connected to one end of the starting motor terminal is provided at one end of the movable contact piece, and these are integrated with the starting motor.
Whether the dual power source storage battery is a monoblock storage battery or a storage battery divided into two, since the charging diode is built in the starting device, the load storage battery and the starting storage battery are Since a diode is not required to be inserted between them, it is not necessary to use a special storage battery, and it is possible to use a general existing storage battery. or. Since the starter is provided with a contact connected to the load storage battery and a contact connected to the start storage battery, both the storage batteries are connected in parallel completely at the time of starting, so that the conventional structure shown in FIG. Superior starting characteristics can be obtained compared to the contact start method.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. In the figure, the alternate long and short dash line 1 is a starting device according to the present invention. D is a diode serving as a charging and reverse current element, S is a starting motor, MgC is an exciting coil of an electromagnetic switch, F is an iron core, C1 is a first fixed contact, and a terminal portion A1 of the starting storage battery BS. C2 has a second fixed contact connected to the terminal A2 of the load storage battery BL. Further, one end of the exciting coil MgC is tangentially connected to the terminal A3 of the starting switch, and the other end is connected to the ground terminal A6. C3 is a movable contact piece, which electrically shorts the contacts C1 and C2 by attracting the exciting coil BgC. The movable contact piece C3 is provided with a terminal portion A4 that can be connected to the positive electrode terminal A5 of the starting motor S. Terminal A of storage battery BS for starting
1 is a storage battery BS for starting and an accessory switch AUX
1 to the ignition load IG.
A generator alternator G is connected to the terminal A2 of the load storage battery BL.
And various in-vehicle loads L1 to L3 are connected. L1
Is turned “ON” by operating the accessory switch AUX2.
It is a load such as a radio and air conditioner that will be in a state. L2 is a load such as a main light, a parking light, and a room light that can be turned on regardless of the operation of the start switch.
Operated by. L3 is a dummy load that always flows regardless of switch operation, and serves as a load for holding a clock / microcomputer. SW1 is a start switch, AU in the accessory position
X1 and AUX2 are in the "ON" state, and the exciting coil Mg
An exciting current is passed through C. The excitation power source may be connected to either the storage batteries BS or BL, but since the starting storage battery BS does not discharge, it is more reliable to connect the A3 terminal portion to the starting storage battery BS side through SW1. Become a system.

When the starting switch SW1 at the time of starting is turned on, an exciting current flows through the exciting coil MgC, attracts the movable contact piece C3, and the contacts C1 and C2 are short-circuited. As a result, the two storage batteries BS and BL are completely connected in parallel, and a starting current flows from the two storage batteries to the starting motor S. Although it is necessary to set the starting storage battery BS to a capacity that can be started only by this, a backup current from the load storage battery BL flows unless the capacity disappears due to a mistake in turning off the lamp switch SW2 or the like. It becomes possible to start even if is reduced to 1/2.

[0014]

According to the vehicle starter according to the present invention, if a warning device capable of preventing accidents such as lamp turn-off mistakes is prepared, the starting storage battery can be compared with that shown in the conventional example (FIG. 1). The capacity of the BS can be set significantly smaller. or,
Since the starting current does not flow to the diode D, the diode capacity is required to be 50 to 100 A in FIG. 1, but it may be about 5 to 10 A required for charging. Further, since the diode D is built in the starting device in advance, the starting storage battery B
It is not necessary to connect a diode between S and the load storage battery BL, and commercial standard products can be mounted on these storage batteries, and the start storage battery BS has excellent starting characteristics, and the load storage battery BL is It is possible to freely select those having excellent charge and discharge characteristics, and to configure a system that makes the most of the characteristics of the storage battery. The following is a summary of these. (1) 2-contact electromagnetic switch, charging diode, starting mode
By integrating the three components, the diode between the load battery and the starting battery, which was required in the conventional two-power three-system system, becomes unnecessary, and a commercially available general storage battery is used as the starting battery and the load battery. Can be installed. (2) Since the starting battery and the load battery are completely connected in parallel during starting, the load burden rate of the starting battery is reduced. Therefore, the capacity of the starting battery can be set smaller than in the conventional case. (3) The charging diode can be set to about 1/10 the capacity of the conventional system. (4) The mounting positions of the starting battery and the load battery can be freely selected.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram using a conventional automobile starting device.

FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram using an automobile starting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Automobile starting device A5 Positive electrode terminal of starting motor BS Starting storage battery BL Load storage battery C1 First contact point C2 Second contact point C3 Moving contact D Charging diode S Starting motor

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An electromagnetic switch, a charging diode, and a starting motor which are integrally formed, the electromagnetic switch having a first contact (C1) connected to a starting storage battery (BS). ), The second contact (C2) connected to the load storage battery (BL), and the movable contact piece (C3) connected to the positive terminal (A5) of the starting motor (S). The charging diode (D) comprises a first contact (C1) and a second contact (C2) which are short-circuited / opened by operating a switch. Contact (C1) and second
The starting device (1) for an automobile, which is connected between the contact (C2) and the contact (C2) with the positive electrode on the first contact (C1) side.