JP3406392B2 - Car power circuit - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention finds use in motor vehicles equipped with batteries, a generator for charging, and loads. The present invention relates to an improvement of a power supply circuit that includes a battery relay and can disconnect the battery from all circuits by opening the battery relay.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 3 shows a conventional automotive power supply circuit. This example is quoted from FIG. 1 of Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 59-22039. This circuit includes a battery 1, a manually operated battery switch 2, and a battery relay 3 having a relay winding through which a current that is opened and closed by the battery switch 2 passes. The starter 4 and various electric circuit 7 are loads to the power supply circuit, and the load and the battery 1 are connected via the battery relay 3. The output of the rectifier 9 connected to the output circuit of the AC generator 8 is fixedly connected to the load side. The battery 1 is installed in the exciting coil of the starter relay 5.
A current is supplied through the starter switch 6 of another system connected to the above circuit and the contacts are closed to connect the circuit for large current. In such a power supply circuit, the battery 1 and the loads (4, 7) are brought into conduction by setting the battery relay 3 to the closed state in the operating state. The AC output of the AC generator 8 is rectified by the rectifier 9 and supplied to the load and the battery 1 is charged. In a stopped state for a long time, when the battery switch 2 is opened by operating and opening the battery switch 2, the connection between the battery 1 and the load (4, 7) is disconnected. This power supply circuit is widely used as a basic circuit regardless of diesel engine or gasoline engine.

FIG. 2 of the above publication discloses a power supply circuit in which the output of the rectifier 9 is connected to the battery side. This is a circuit corresponding to FIG. 4 of the present application, and when an output is generated in the AC generator 8 for some reason while the battery relay 3 is open, the output voltage of the rectifier 9 increases and the load is increased. Rectifier 9 because it may be damaged
It is a proposal that the output of is fixedly connected to the battery side.

An example of a state in which an output is generated in the AC generator 8 when the battery relay 3 is open is as follows. That is, the battery 1 is discharged and its internal resistance increases, and even if the battery switch 2 is turned on, sufficient current does not flow through the winding of the battery relay 3, and the battery relay 3 remains open. To do. At this time, it occurs when trying to start the engine by towing the car. That is, even if the battery switch 2 is turned on and the starter switch 6 is turned on to start the engine, the capacity of the battery 1 is exhausted and the starter 4 does not rotate. Becomes even smaller, and the winding current of the battery relay 3 cannot be supplied. In such a state, when the gear of the automobile is turned on, the clutch pedal is stepped on and the vehicle is towed by another vehicle, and the clutch pedal is released when the vehicle speed reaches a certain level, the engine starts and an output is generated in the AC generator 8. Then it appears at the output of the rectifier 9.

At this time, in FIG. 3, the output of the rectifier 9 is fixedly connected to the load. If the battery relay 3 is in the OFF state, the output of the rectifier 9 is not restricted by the terminal voltage of the battery, so that the voltage at the load terminal becomes an abnormally high voltage, which may damage the load. For this reason, the output of the rectifier 9 is fixedly connected to the battery 1 as shown in FIG. 4 so that the terminal voltage thereof does not rise abnormally.

[0006]

Although the improvement of FIG. 4 achieves the tentative purpose that the voltage of the load does not rise abnormally, it may not be suitable for a practical circuit. For example, it is necessary to significantly change the wiring of the current vehicle shown in FIG. This has to change the design of the harness wire as well as the manufacturing process of the harness wire. Further, since the terminal structure on the battery side is different, a large cost is required for the modification due to the modification of the terminal structure and the mounting position. Also, the capacity of the battery relay 3 must be increased. That is, most of the current consumed by the load during normal operation is supplied from the output of the rectifier 9, so that a large current is constantly flowing through the battery relay 3. When the output of the rectifier 9 is connected to the load side, the stationary current flowing through the battery relay 3 during operation is extremely small.

The present invention has been made against such a background. When the battery relay 3 is in an off state for some reason, even if a voltage is generated at the output of the rectifier 9, it is abnormally high voltage. It is an object of the present invention to provide a power supply circuit for an automobile, which is not subject to

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a power supply circuit capable of disconnecting all the power supply from a battery by opening a battery relay, and a battery between a battery and a load. In the power supply circuit of the vehicle in which a relay is inserted and the rectified output of the alternator is fixedly connected to this load, a series circuit of a battery switch opened and closed by an operation and a winding of the battery relay is formed, The series circuit is provided with a first diode (D1) for supplying a current from the battery and a second diode (D2) for supplying a current from the rectified output to the series circuit.

A fuse is preferably inserted in series with each of the first diode and the second diode.

[0010]

When the voltage of the battery is a normal value, the battery switch (2) is turned on to supply the current to the coil of the battery relay (3) through the first diode (D1). This current is blocked by the second diode (D2) and does not flow into the load. When the voltage of the battery is lower than the output voltage of the rectifier (9), current is supplied to the coil of the battery relay (3) via the second diode (D2). On the other hand, even when the terminal voltage of the battery has almost disappeared, when a voltage is generated at the output of the rectifier (9), current is supplied from the second diode (D2) to the coil of the battery relay (3).

Therefore, when the vehicle is towed and the engine is started in a state where the battery relay 3 does not operate even when the battery switch (2) is turned on, a second voltage is immediately generated when a voltage is generated at the output of the rectifier (9). The battery relay (3) is closed through the diode (D2),
The potential of the load is not restricted to the potential of the battery (1) and does not become an abnormally high voltage.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings.

(First Embodiment) FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a circuit configuration of a first embodiment of the present invention.

The first embodiment of the present invention has a battery 1, a manually operated battery switch 2, and a relay winding through which a current opened and closed by the battery switch 2 passes, the battery 1, a starter 4, and a starter. The battery relay 3 is provided between the relay 5 and the load including the electrical circuit 7, and the output of the rectifier 9 connected to the output circuit of the AC generator 8 is fixedly connected to the load.

Further, as a feature of the present invention, a series circuit of the battery switch 2 which is opened and closed by an operation and the winding of the battery relay 3 is formed, and the battery 1 is connected to the series circuit.
A first diode D1 for supplying a current from the rectifier 9 and a second diode D2 for supplying an output current from the rectifier 9 to the series circuit.

Next, the operation of the embodiment of the present invention thus constructed will be described. When the voltage of the battery 1 is a normal value, when the battery switch 2 is turned on, the current from the battery 1 is supplied to the exciting coil of the battery relay 3 via the first diode D1. Due to this current supply, the battery relay 3 is turned on and the battery 1
Is supplied to the electrical circuit 7. At this time, the current from the battery 1 tries to flow to the rectifier 9 side through another path branched from the first diode D1, but since the second diode D2 is inserted in this path, It is blocked by the second diode D2 and is prevented from flowing into the rectifier 9.

When the starter switch 6 is operated to start the engine in this state, the current from the battery 1 is supplied to the exciting coil (pull coil and holding coil) of the starter relay 5 via the battery relay 3. The starter 4 is gently rotated to engage the pinion with the ring gear, and the starter relay 5 is turned on. As a result, a large current is supplied from the battery 1 to the starter 4 in which the pinion is in mesh with the ring gear via the battery relay 3 and the starter relay 5, and the engine is started.

Normally, the voltage of the battery 1 is kept at a normal value, but for some reason, it may become lower than the output voltage of the rectifier 9 or almost disappear. Even if the battery switch 2 is turned on in this state, sufficient current is not supplied from the battery 1 to excite the exciting coil of the battery relay 3, so that the battery relay 3 remains open. Therefore,
In this state, even if the starter switch 6 is turned on and the engine is started, the exciting coil (pull coil and holding coil) of the starter relay 5 is not supplied with current, and the starter relay 5 remains in the open state. Can't drive. Therefore, the vehicle is towed to start the engine.

When the battery switch 2 is turned on and traction start is performed, the current generated from the AC generator 8 is rectified by the rectifier 9, and the exciting coil of the battery relay 3 is mediated by the second diode D2 and the battery switch 2. Is supplied to. The battery relay 3 is closed by this current supply, and the output voltage from the rectifier 9 is applied to the battery 1 via the battery relay 3 to be charged. At this time, at the same time, the electric potential of the electrical circuit 7 is restricted by the electric potential of the battery 1, so that an abnormally high voltage is prevented.

(Second Embodiment) FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a circuit configuration of a second embodiment of the present invention.

In the second embodiment of the present invention, the first diode D
A fuse F is provided on each of the first and second diodes D2.
1 and F2 are inserted, and the others are configured similarly to the first embodiment. The basic operation is the same as in the first embodiment. In the case of an automobile, since the electric wires to each electric component are integrally assembled as a harness wire, it is conceivable that a short circuit may occur between the electric wires due to deterioration of insulation or other causes. In the second embodiment, since the fuses F1 and F2 are interposed as described above, when the electric wires are short-circuited due to some cause and an excessive current flows, the fuse F1 or F2 is blown and the The electric parts connected to the wiring can be protected.

[0022]

As described above, according to the present invention, when the battery relay inserted between the battery and the load is in the off state for some reason, a high voltage is applied to the output of the rectifier due to the traction start. Even if it occurs, there is an effect that it can be prevented from affecting the load side.

The present invention can be implemented without changing the design of the wiring harness, the added fuse can be easily assembled as a harness wire, and the diode is small, so that the battery is It can be co-implemented with the switch, and can therefore be implemented at low cost. Furthermore, since a large current does not flow through the contacts of the battery relay, there are few sparks that occur during opening and closing, and the contact life can be extended.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a circuit configuration of a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a circuit configuration of a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a circuit configuration of a conventional example.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing another circuit configuration of the conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 battery 2 Battery switch 3 battery relay 4 Starter 5 Starter relay 6 Starter switch 7 Electrical circuit 8 AC generator 9 Rectifier D1 First diode D2 Second diode F1, F2 fuse

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A battery switch which is opened and closed by an operation in a power supply circuit of an automobile in which a battery relay is inserted between a battery and a load, and a rectified output of an alternator is fixedly connected to the load. A series circuit is formed with the winding of the battery relay, and the first diode (D
1) and current is supplied to this series circuit from the battery.
A power supply circuit for an automobile, comprising: a second diode (D2) which supplies a current from the rectified output even in a non-operating state . 2. A power supply circuit for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein a fuse is inserted in series with each of the first diode and the second diode.