JPH0526574A - Food drier - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To permit the high-quality and high-efficiency drying of a body to be heated such as fish and the like, for example, in which thermal denaturation, thermal decoloration and the like are readily generated by excessive heating, by improving heat exchange, ventilation and the like between a heat dissipating panel and the body to be heated. CONSTITUTION:A food drier is provided with heat dissipating panels 3, having the flow passage of heat transporting liquid 1 and fins 2 provided with a proper height and formed on the surfaces of the hot plates radiating heat into up-and- down direction with a proper interval while being opposed to each other, and a body to be heated is arranged between the opposed heat dissipating panels 3. The body 4 to be heated is put on a stationary and air-permeating rack 5 while air discharging fans 6, having proper forced ventilating means, are arranged at one end of the opposed heat dissipating panels 3. One stage or multiple stages of heating units, in which a ventilating air guiding vane 7 is arranged as a means to make the ventilation effective, are laminated.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a batch-type drying apparatus for a heated object which is mainly composed of protein such as food, particularly fish, and which is apt to undergo thermal denaturation or discoloration due to excessive heating.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a material to be heated which is mainly composed of protein such as fish and which is liable to undergo thermal denaturation or discoloration upon heating is dried by sun for about 1 to 3 days. Was taken. After that, a batch-type hot-air dryer using heated air that exchanged combustion heat was developed,
The drying time was shortened to several hours to one day. However, it has been pointed out that such hot-air drying is liable to cause thermal denaturation and the like, resulting in deterioration of quality.

[0003]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention is based on the problems of the conventional hot air drying apparatus, namely, thermal denaturation and discoloration of an object to be heated due to high temperature drying, and uneven flow of hot air and surface heating. It is an object of the present invention to provide a food drying device that solves the problem of drying unevenness and deterioration of quality due to variations in temperature and humidity.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems The food drying apparatus of the present invention, which has achieved the above object, is provided with a flow path through which a heat-transporting liquid circulates, and is appropriately spaced at appropriate intervals on the surface of a heat plate that radiates heat in the vertical direction. In a heating device in which heat radiating panels having height fins are opposed to each other, and an object to be heated is arranged between the heat radiating panels facing each other, the object to be heated is placed on a stationary air-permeable mesh shelf and opposed. At both ends of the heat radiating panel, an exhaust fan having appropriate forced ventilation means is arranged on one side, and ventilation guide vanes are arranged on the other side as a means for effective ventilation. In a laminated food dryer, a treatment layer that promotes heat radiation on the upper and lower hot plate surfaces of the heat dissipation panel, and a coating film such as fluororesin on it is provided, and circulating air or inert gas inside the dryer is used. Dehumidify Has a step, using hot water or cooking oil heat transport fluid, it is realized that dried fish such high quality.

[0005]

EXAMPLE FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an example of a food drying apparatus in which heating units of the present invention are laminated in two stages. Figure 2
FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a first embodiment of the heat dissipation panel according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a second embodiment of the heat dissipation panel according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a third embodiment of the heat dissipation panel according to the present invention. Figure 5
FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of the entire food drying device according to the present invention.

FIG. 1 shows a heat-dissipating panel 3 having a structure in which a flow path for the heat-transporting liquid 1 is provided and fins 2 having appropriate intervals and heights are arranged, a stationary air-permeable net shelf 5, and above it. The object to be heated 4, the exhaust fan 6, and the ventilation guide blade 7 placed on the
It is an example in which the heating units configured by are stacked in two stages. A stationary air-permeable net shelf 5 is arranged between the heat dissipation panels 3 facing each other, and the object 4 to be heated is placed on the net shelf 5. At both ends of the radiating panel 3 facing each other, an air exhauster 6 having an appropriate forced air blowing means is arranged on one side, and a ventilation guide blade 7 is arranged on the other side as means for making the flow of the circulating air 9 effective. The upper surface of the uppermost radiating panel 3 and the lower surface of the lowermost radiating panel 3 are insulated by the heat insulating material 8. In the case of a single heating unit, in FIG. 1, the central heat radiation panel 3, one of the upper and lower net shelves 5, the body to be heated 4, the exhaust fan 6, and the ventilation guide blade 7 are omitted. . Further, in the case of a heating unit having three or more stages, in FIG.
The central heat radiation panel 3, the net shelf 5, the heated body 4, the exhaust fan 6, and the ventilation guide blades 7 are simply increased in number according to the number of stages, and in principle, they are the same as in FIG.

FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment of the heat dissipation panel 3. In this figure, for the purpose of explaining the internal structure, the heat dissipation panel 3 is disassembled in the vertical direction. Therefore, in the actual heat dissipation panel 3, the upper and lower members are joined and used integrally. Although the heat dissipation panel 3 of the first embodiment is formed in a flat box shape, in order to suppress the flexure due to its own weight and the weight of the heat-transporting liquid, the heat dissipation panel 3 is properly provided in the longitudinal direction, that is, in the flow path direction. A plurality of partition plates 14 having different strengths are provided. The heat transport liquid flows through the flow path 16 between the partition plates 14. Further, header-spaces 15 are provided at both ends of the partition plate 14. The fins 2 having appropriate heights are provided on the lower heating plate 12 and the upper heating plate 13 of the heat dissipation panel 3 at appropriate intervals. The fins 2 are arranged in a staggered manner when the heat radiating panels 3 are assembled facing each other, and control the flow of the circulating air 9. Further, the heat plates on the upper and lower surfaces of the heat dissipation panel 3 are provided with a treatment layer 17 for promoting the heat radiation 10, for example, a thermal spray coating layer of a heat radiation paint or a metal oxide. Further, the entire surface of the heat dissipation panel 3 is coated with a coating film 18 of fluororesin or the like.

FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the heat dissipation panel 3. In this figure, for the purpose of explaining the internal structure, the heat dissipation panel 3 is disassembled in the vertical direction. Therefore, in the actual heat dissipation panel 3, the upper and lower members are joined and used integrally. In the second embodiment, between the lower heating plate 12 and the upper heating plate 13, for example, a rectangular flow path 16 having good adhesion is provided in zigzag. In this case, the heat transport liquid is in one channel 1
Flow through 6. Arrangement of fins 2 and treatment layer 1 for promoting heat radiation
7. The coating film 18 and the like are the same as those in the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment of the heat dissipation panel 3. In this figure, for the purpose of explaining the internal structure, the heat dissipation panel 3 is disassembled in the vertical direction. Therefore, in the actual heat dissipation panel 3, the upper and lower members are joined and used integrally. In the third embodiment, between the lower heating plate 12 and the upper heating plate 13, a plurality of rectangular channels 16 having good adhesiveness are provided in parallel. In this case, the heat transport liquid flows through the plurality of flow paths 16 in parallel. The arrangement of the fins 2, the treatment layer 17 for promoting heat radiation, the coating film 18, etc. are the same as those in the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 5 shows an embodiment in which the heating unit shown in FIG. 1 is incorporated in the food drying apparatus of the present invention. In FIG. 5, heating units stacked in multiple stages are arranged in the drying chamber at the center of the drying device structure 32 having a structure that is shielded from the outside to form a heating / drying unit. An inflow header-19 and an outflow header-20 for supplying and circulating the heat transport liquid are arranged on the left and right of the heat dissipation panel 3 of the heating unit. The upper surface of the heat radiating panel 3 in the uppermost layer and the lower surface of the heat radiating panel 3 in the lowermost layer of the stacked heating units are thermally insulated. Dryer structure 32
In the heat source part on the right side of the liquid heat source 21, the liquid heater 21 that heats the heat transport liquid 1 to a predetermined temperature, the circulation pump 22 that supplies and circulates the heat transport liquid 1 to the heat dissipation panel 3, and the liquid heater 21 and the piping system. An expansion tank 23 that absorbs thermal expansion and the like is arranged.
In the drying chamber, a circulation blower 24 that circulates the circulating air 9 or an inert gas to the heating and drying unit is arranged. Further, between the heat dissipation panel 3 and the heat dissipation panel 3, an exhaust fan 6 and ventilation guide vanes 7 are arranged. A dehumidifying heat exchanger 25 having means for cooling and dehumidifying the circulating air 9 or the inert gas in the drying chamber by the outside air or the like is arranged on the left side of the heating and drying unit. Above the dehumidifying heat exchanger 25, an intake blower 26 and an air damper 27 as a means for sucking and exhausting the outside air for drying are arranged.
Install the temperature / humidity sensor 28 at an appropriate position near the circulating air inlet of the heating / drying unit, the temperature / humidity sensor 29 at an appropriate position near the dehumidifying heat exchanger 22, and the appropriate position on the liquid heater 21. A temperature sensor-30 is arranged. A control unit 31 having means for receiving a signal from the temperature / humidity sensor and controlling it based on previously input data is arranged at an appropriate position near the heat source unit, the liquid heater 21, the circulation pump 2
2. Control the circulation fan 24, the exhaust fan 6, the dehumidifying heat exchanger 25, the intake fan 26, and the air damper 27.

[0011]

The operation of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 1, the circulating air 9 between the heat radiation panels 3 facing each other
The flow is appropriately controlled by a suitable combination of the ventilation guide vanes 7 and the exhaust fan 6. Heat radiation 10 and convective heat 11 are radiated from the surface of the heat dissipation panel 3. The object to be heated 4 placed on the net shelf 5 with an appropriate gap is directly and uniformly surface-heated by the heat radiation 10 from the adjacent heat radiation panels 3 on the two upper and lower surfaces. At this time, the heat dissipation panel 3
As the distance between the heated object 4 and the heated object 4 is shorter, the absorption efficiency of the heat radiation 10 is improved. The circulating air 9 is heated by the convection heat 11 while following the air flow. The circulating air 9 heated by the convection heat 11 is bent zigzag in the flow direction by the fins 2 arranged on the surface of the heat dissipation panel 3 at appropriate intervals and heights, and the heated object 4 on the mesh shelf 5 is heated. The heat is transmitted to the heated body 4 by ventilating the gap up and down. By this action, heat is supplied to the object to be heated 4 that is behind the heat radiation 10, the temperature unevenness in the thickness direction of the object to be heated 4 is minimized, and the object to be heated 4 is discharged. Quickly discharge water vapor. That is, the heat radiation 1 from the heat radiation panel 3
By 0, convection heat 11 and appropriate ventilation, temperature distribution and drying unevenness in the thickness direction and longitudinal direction of the heated body 4 can be minimized. Further, since the heat absorption efficiency of the object to be heated 4 is improved, the temperature of the circulating air 9 is maintained at a relatively low temperature, which is suitable for drying fish and the like.

The operation of the present invention when used as a food drying device will be described with reference to FIG. After opening the door on the front side of the drying device and pulling out the net shelf 5, the objects to be heated 4 are placed on the net shelf 5 and the objects to be heated 4 are housed step by step. After all the objects to be heated 4 have been set, the door is closed. As the drying mode, an oxygen-free atmosphere drying method using an inert gas or a dry odor countermeasure mode and a normal intake / exhaust drying mode can be selected. Select according to the conditions. For example, in the dry odor countermeasure mode, the intake air blower 26 and the air damper 27 are closed, and the dehumidifying heat exchanger 25 operates. In the case of a normal drying mode, the intake air blower 26 and the air damper 27 operate, and the dehumidifying heat exchanger 25
Is optional. As the heat transport liquid 1, hot water that has been sufficiently deaerated or edible oil from which water has been removed is used as the liquid heater 2.
1 to heat to a predetermined temperature. The heating temperature is controlled at 70 to 95 ° C for hot water and at 80 to 150 ° C for edible oil. The heated heat transport liquid 1 is circulated by the circulation pump 22.
Thus, the heat is supplied from the inflow header-19 of the heat dissipation panel 3 to the heat dissipation panel 3. The heat radiating panel 3 is heated by the heat transport liquid 1, and radiates heat radiation 10 and convective heat 11 corresponding to the temperature of the heat radiating panel 3. The heat transport liquid 1 that has supplied heat to the heating panel 3 is collected in the outflow header-20, returned to the liquid heater 21, and repeatedly used. The circulating air 9 in the drying chamber is blown to the heating / drying section and the dehumidifying heat exchanger 25 by the circulating blower 24 of the main blower. In particular, the ventilation of the heating / drying section is appropriately controlled by the exhaust fan 6 and the ventilation guide vanes 7 arranged between the heat radiation panels 3. The temperature and humidity of the circulating air 9 or the inert gas in the drying chamber are detected by the temperature / humidity sensors 28 and 29, and the temperature in the liquid heater is detected by the temperature sensor-30 and transmitted to the controller 31.
In the control unit 31, the liquid heater 21, the circulation pump 22, and the circulation blower 2 are based on the data of the drying operation input in advance.
4, the air exhauster 6, the dehumidifying heat exchanger 25, the intake air blower 26, and the air damper 27 are controlled to provide a dry environment suitable for the object to be heated 4.

[0013]

In the food drying apparatus according to the present invention, hot water or edible oil is used as the heat transport liquid. Hot water or cooking oil is safe, inexpensive, and easy to handle and replenish. In particular, in a device that handles food, disassembly and cleaning of the device must be performed safely and easily on a daily basis from the viewpoint of food hygiene. In consideration of these, the heat transport liquid was selected.
In the heating and drying process, in order to prevent thermal denaturation and discoloration due to heating, and to achieve high quality and high efficiency drying, a means for effectively performing heat exchange between the heat dissipation panel and the heated object, for example,
Fins were attached to the heat dissipation panel, and appropriate ventilation was provided between the mesh shelves to enable heating and drying at a relatively low temperature. In the air circulation, a dehumidifying heat exchanger was incorporated for the purpose of drying in an inert gas atmosphere and measures against dry odor, enabling multipurpose drying and improving handling. From the above, it became possible to achieve high quality and high efficiency drying of foods, especially chilli and dried sardines.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of a heating unit having a laminated structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a first embodiment of the heat dissipation panel according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a second embodiment of the heat dissipation panel according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a third embodiment of the heat dissipation panel according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of the entire food drying device of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 heat transport liquid Two fins 3 heat dissipation panel 4 heated object 5 Net shelves 6 blower 7 Ventilation guide blades 8 insulation 9 Circulating air 10 heat radiation 11 Convective heat 12 Lower heating plate 13 Upper heating plate 14 partition boards 15 Header-Space 16 channels 17 Treatment layer that promotes thermal radiation 18 coating 19 Inflow header- 20 Outflow Header- 21 Liquid heater 22 Circulation pump 23 Expansion tank 24 circulation blower 25 Dehumidifying heat exchanger 26 Intake fan 27 Air damper 28 Temperature / humidity sensor 29 Temperature / humidity sensor 30 Temperature sensor 31 Control unit 32 Dryer structure

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A heat dissipation panel having a structure in which a flow path for a heat transporting liquid (1) is provided, and fins (2) of appropriate height are provided at appropriate intervals on the surface of a heat plate for vertically radiating heat. In a heating device in which (3) faces each other and the heated body (4) is arranged between the opposed heat radiation panels (3), the heated body (4) is placed on a stationary breathable net rack (5). The
At both ends of the radiating panel (3) facing each other, an exhaust fan (6) having an appropriate forced ventilation means is arranged at one side, and a ventilation guide blade (7) as a means for making ventilation effective is arranged at the other side. A food drying device comprising a heating unit composed of a plurality of layers stacked in one or more stages. 2. A treatment layer (17) for promoting heat radiation on the surfaces of the upper and lower heating plates of the heat dissipation panel (3), and a coating film (18) of fluororesin or the like on the treatment layer (17). The food drying device according to claim 1. 3. The food drying device according to claim 1, further comprising means for cooling and dehumidifying the circulating air or the inert gas inside the drying device. 4. The food drying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein hot water or edible oil is used as the heat transport liquid (1) to dry fish and the like.