JPH05262123A - Air-conditioner for electrically driven vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the deterioration of the heating efficiency of the heat pump by preventing the disturbance of the air heat exchange due to development of the icing of the air heat exchanger outside the vehicle. CONSTITUTION:When the heat pump is warmed, an air heat exchanger 2 outside a cabin becomes low temperature, and the water content in the air is frosted and frozen, leading to the condition where no heat exchange with the air becomes possible. A heating unit 8 consisting of an electric heater is provided in order to prevent this phenomenon. When the vehicle is stopped, development of freezing can be prevented more effectively than the condition where the vehicle wind velocity is available during traveling by warming the heat exchanger 2 by this heating unit 8. When the vehicle is stopped for charging the battery, the method to start the heating unit by the external power source is effective. In addition, the heat exchanger 2 can be heated by driving the heat pump heating/cooling air-conditioner in the defrosting mode by the reverse cycle by the external power source.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air conditioner for an electrically driven vehicle for air conditioning the interior of an electrically driven vehicle.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional fuel engine air conditioner for an automobile, for example, has a compressor 1 for compressing a refrigerant driven by an engine, as shown in FIG. After the heat is radiated to the air outside the vehicle compartment to condense and liquefy the refrigerant by the exchanger 2 and the air blower 3 for the air heat exchanger outside the vehicle compartment, the refrigerant is guided to the air heat exchanger 5 inside the vehicle through the expansion valve 4, where The air in the passenger compartment air heat exchanger 6 cools and dehumidifies the air in the passenger compartment to evaporate the air and perform a cooling operation. In addition, the heating action was performed by a hot water heater using the engine water temperature.

In the air conditioner for an electrically driven vehicle, the cooling action is the same as the above, but the heating action cannot use the engine water temperature, so the dotted line portion of FIG.
As in (b), the four-way switching valve 7 is used downstream of the compressor 1 to reverse the refrigerant flow path, and the vehicle interior air heat exchanger 5 radiates heat to the vehicle interior air to condense and liquefy the refrigerant, and then the refrigerant. To the outside air heat exchanger 2 via the expansion valve 4, where it is necessary to perform heat pump heating in which the refrigerant absorbs and evaporates while cooling and dehumidifying the air outside the vehicle.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-90430 discloses an example of performing air conditioning by heat pump heating using the exhaust heat of an engine in an air conditioner for a fuel engine vehicle.

In the heat pump heating mode,
Since the refrigerant in the outside air heat exchanger becomes cold, dehumidified water from the air frosts and freezes on the outside air heat exchanger, making it impossible to exchange heat with the air in the outside air heat exchanger. Defrosting operation is required to remove frost and frost on the exterior air heat exchanger.For example, in a room air conditioner for home use, the four-way switching valve is switched in the same manner as in the above cooling mode, and the exterior air heat exchanger is heated to a high temperature for defrosting. During operation, and during the defrosting operation, defrosting cannot be performed if the outside air heat exchanger exchanges heat with the air.Therefore, stop the ventilation device for outside air heat exchanger and perform the defrosting operation in heating mode. There is.

[0006] In an electrically driven vehicle, all power sources are supplied by vehicle-mounted storage batteries, and as a method for charging the storage batteries, a rapid charging method, a charging method with midnight power, a storage battery replacement method, and the like are considered.

[0007]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

(1) During heating of the heat pump, the temperature of the outside air heat exchanger becomes low, and moisture in the air frosts on the outside air heat exchanger,
It becomes impossible to exchange heat with the air in the vehicle exterior air heat exchanger, and therefore defrosting operation is required to defrost the vehicle exterior air heat exchanger, but even after complete defrosting, surface tension causes Water droplets are attached to the outside air heat exchanger of the vehicle, and when the heating operation is performed again, the water droplets are frozen, the ice is less melted than the frost formation, and the ice formation is advanced by repeating the defrosting operation, and finally. Even if the defrosting operation is performed, the above-mentioned freezing cannot be removed and air heat exchange cannot be performed. Therefore, when the freezing progresses to a certain degree, it is necessary to forcibly perform the defrosting.

The above has been a problem in using the heat pump cooling and heating in an air conditioner for an electrically driven vehicle.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to prevent the heat pump heating efficiency from deteriorating by preventing the air heat exchange interference due to the progress of freezing of the vehicle exterior air heat exchanger.

[0010]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

(1) In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is provided with a heating element that warms the outside air heat exchanger and a control device that drives the heating element when the vehicle is stopped.

(2) In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an electric heating element for warming an outside air heat exchanger of a vehicle and a control device for supplying electricity to the electric heating element from an external power source when charging a storage battery of an electrically driven vehicle. Is provided.

(3) In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is provided with a control device for supplying electricity from an external power source to the heat pump cooling and heating device when the storage battery of the electrically driven vehicle is charged.

[0013]

[Action]

(1) In the present invention, when the vehicle exterior air heat exchanger is warmed by the heating element when the vehicle is stopped, the frost and frost on the vehicle exterior air heat exchanger are more easily melted than when the vehicle wind speed is running, and the vehicle exterior It is possible to prevent the freezing of the air heat exchanger from progressing, and it is possible to prevent the heat exchanging state of the air heat exchanger outside the vehicle compartment.

(2) The present invention warms the outside air heat exchanger with an electric heating element from an external power supply when the storage battery of an electrically driven vehicle is stopped and the outside air heat exchanger is warmed up from the outside of the vehicle compartment when there is a wind speed during traveling. Frost formation and icing of the air heat exchanger are easily melted, it is possible to prevent the icing of the air heat exchanger outside the vehicle from progressing, and it is possible to prevent a state where heat exchange of the air heat exchanger outside the vehicle cannot be performed.

(3) According to the present invention, when the electric drive vehicle is stopped while the storage battery is being charged, the heat pump cooling and heating device is driven by the reverse cycle defrosting operation from the external power source to warm the outside air heat exchanger, so that the vehicle is running. More than when there is a vehicle wind speed, frost and freezing of the outside air heat exchanger are more likely to melt, and it is possible to prevent the freezing of the outside air heat exchanger from progressing,
It is possible to prevent the heat exchange failure state of the vehicle exterior air heat exchanger.

[0016]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

It is an object of the present invention to prevent the heat pump heating efficiency from being deteriorated by preventing the air heat exchange from being hindered by the progress of freezing of the vehicle exterior air heat exchanger.

FIG. 1 is a system diagram of an embodiment of the air conditioner for an electric drive vehicle according to the present invention.

In FIG. 1, a compressor 1, a vehicle exterior air heat exchanger 2, a vehicle exterior air heat exchanger blower 3, an expansion valve 4, a vehicle interior air heat exchanger 5, a vehicle interior air heat exchanger blower 6 are shown. ,
A heating element 8 including a four-way switching valve 7 and an electric heater that warms the vehicle exterior air heat exchanger 2, and a control device 9 that drives the heating element 8 when the vehicle is stopped are provided. Since the flow of the refrigerant is the same as that of the conventional example, the description is omitted.

In the air conditioner for an electrically driven vehicle constructed as described above, by heating the outside air heat exchanger 2 by the heating element 8 when the vehicle is stopped, heat is generated more than when there is a vehicle wind speed during traveling. The body 8 easily melts the frost and freezing of the outside-cabin air heat exchanger 2, can prevent the progress of freezing of the outside-cabin air heat exchanger 2, and exchanges heat in the outside-cabin air heat exchanger 2. It is possible to prevent the disabled state.
The heating element 8 may be a heating element other than an electric heater, such as a kerosene heater, to obtain the same effect. Further, when the vehicle is stopped at a low temperature at night, the heat generating element 8 is used for the outside air heat exchanger 2 of the vehicle compartment.
By warming the vehicle, the outside air heat exchanger 2 can be prevented from freezing, and the heating start-up performance at the time of restart can be prevented from deteriorating.

It is an object of the present invention to prevent the heat pump heating efficiency from deteriorating by preventing the disturbance of the air heat exchange due to the progress of the freezing of the vehicle exterior air heat exchanger.

FIG. 2 is a system diagram of an embodiment of the air conditioner for an electrically driven vehicle according to the present invention.

In FIG. 2, a compressor 1, a vehicle exterior air heat exchanger 2, a vehicle exterior air heat exchanger blower 3, an expansion valve 4, a vehicle interior air heat exchanger 5, a vehicle interior air heat exchanger blower 6 are shown. ,
Four-way switching valve 7, electric heating element 10 for warming the outside air heat exchanger, storage battery 11, and storage battery 11 of an electrically driven vehicle
A control device 12 is installed to supply electricity to the electric heating element 10 from an external power source during charging.

In the air conditioner for an electrically driven vehicle having the above-described structure, by warming the outside air heat exchanger 2 with the electric heating element 10 while the storage battery 11 is being charged and the vehicle is stopped, the vehicle wind speed during traveling can be increased. The electric heating element 10 is more likely to melt the frost and freezing of the vehicle exterior air heat exchanger 2 than in the case where there is such a situation, and can prevent the progress of the freezing of the vehicle exterior air heat exchanger 2. It is possible to prevent the heat exchanger 2 from being incapable of heat exchange. It should be noted that the electric heating element 1 is charged by an external power source when charged by the midnight power when the temperature is low at night.
By warming the outside air heat exchanger 2 at 0, the outside air heat exchanger 2 is prevented from freezing, and the deterioration of the heating start-up performance at the time of restart can be prevented. It is an object of the present invention to prevent the heat pump heating efficiency from deteriorating by preventing air heat exchange interference due to the progress of freezing of the vehicle exterior air heat exchanger.

FIG. 3 is a system diagram of an embodiment of the air conditioner for an electrically driven vehicle according to the present invention.

In FIG. 3, a compressor 1, a vehicle exterior air heat exchanger 2, a vehicle exterior air heat exchanger blower 3, an expansion valve 4, a vehicle interior air heat exchanger 5, a vehicle interior air heat exchanger blower 6 are shown. ,
A heat pump cooling / heating device composed of a four-way switching valve 7, a storage battery 11, and a control device 13 for supplying electricity to the heat pump cooling / heating device from an external power source when the storage battery 11 of an electrically driven vehicle is charged.

In the air conditioner for an electrically driven vehicle constructed as described above, the heat pump cooling / heating device is driven by the defrosting operation in the reverse cycle from the external power source when the storage battery 11 is stopped and the vehicle outside air heat exchange is performed. By warming the device 2, the frost and frost on the outside air heat exchanger 2 are more likely to be melted than when there is a vehicle wind speed during traveling, and the progress of frost on the outside air heat exchanger 2 is prevented. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the heat exchange failure state of the vehicle exterior air heat exchanger 2. By warming the outside air heat exchanger 2 by an external power source when charging with the midnight power at low temperature at night, the outside air heat exchanger 2 is prevented from freezing, and deterioration of heating start-up performance at restart is prevented. it can. In addition, by heating the heat pump cooling and heating device by the external power supply during the charging by the midnight power, it is possible to prevent the temperature inside the vehicle interior from decreasing at night, prevent the windows from freezing, and improve the heating start-up performance.

[0028]

【The invention's effect】

(1) By warming the outside air heat exchanger when the vehicle is stopped, it is possible to prevent the freezing of the outside air heat exchanger from progressing and prevent the heat pump heating efficiency from deteriorating.

(2) When the vehicle is stopped while the storage battery is being charged, the external heat source heats the electric heating element to heat the outside air heat exchanger, thereby preventing the outside air heat exchanger from freezing, and heat pump heating. It is possible to prevent deterioration of efficiency.

(3) When the vehicle is stopped while the storage battery is being charged, the heat pump cooling and heating air conditioner is activated by an external power source to heat the outside air heat exchanger, so that the outside air heat exchanger does not have to be provided with an external heating element. It is possible to prevent the progress of freezing and to prevent the heat pump heating efficiency from deteriorating.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment of claim 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment of claim 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment of claim 3 of the present invention.

FIG. 4A is a configuration diagram of a conventional cooling air conditioner for a vehicle driven by a fuel engine, and FIG. 4B is a configuration diagram of a conventional air conditioner for an electrically driven automobile.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Compressor 2 Outside Air Heat Exchanger 3 Blower for Outside Air Heat Exchanger 4 Expansion Valve 5 Inside Air Heat Exchanger 6 Inside Air Heat Exchanger Blower 7 Four-way Switching Valve 8 Heating Element 9 Control Unit 10 Electric Heating element 11 Storage battery 12 Control device 13 Control device

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A compressor, a vehicle exterior air heat exchanger, a vehicle exterior air heat exchanger blower, an expansion valve, a vehicle interior air heat exchanger, a vehicle interior air heat exchanger blower, and a four-way unit. An air conditioner for an electrically driven vehicle, comprising: a heat pump cooling and heating device including a switching valve; a heating element that warms the outside air heat exchanger; and a control device that drives the heating element when the vehicle is stopped. 2. A compressor, a vehicle exterior air heat exchanger, a vehicle exterior air heat exchanger blower, an expansion valve, a vehicle interior air heat exchanger, a vehicle interior air heat exchanger blower, and a four-way controller. A heat pump cooling and heating device configured with a switching valve, a storage battery, and an electric heating element that warms the vehicle exterior air heat exchanger,
An air conditioner for an electrically driven vehicle, comprising a control device that supplies electricity from an external power source to the electric heating element when the storage battery of the electrically driven vehicle is charged. 3. A compressor, a vehicle exterior air heat exchanger, a vehicle exterior air heat exchanger blower, an expansion valve, a vehicle interior air heat exchanger, a vehicle interior air heat exchanger blower, and a four-way unit. An air conditioner for an electrically driven vehicle, which includes a heat pump cooling and heating device configured with a switching valve, a storage battery, and a control device that supplies electricity to the heat pump cooling and heating device from an external power source when the storage battery of the electrically driven vehicle is charged. ..