JPH05258187A - Optical fiber temperature measuring system for tunnel - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To surely detect fire occurrence by utilizing detection information of an anemoscope and anemometer, detecting temp. abnormality inside a tunnel and automatically informing an outside of it together with section information based on previously prepared reference temp. by means of the classifications of seasons and a tunnel position. CONSTITUTION:A system is utilized for correcting the position which is adopted as a temp. abnormality spot by an optical fiber temp. measuring equipment 12. When upward wind is strong, temp. abnormality is detected not at the right over the fire position but at the deviated position concerning heat generated by the occurrence of fire. Then, the position is corrected. For this, a table 13a where wind direction and speed is made to be correspond to position correction quantity is incorporated. It is also used for correcting a threshold value for permitting the optical fiber temp. measuring equipment 12 to judge temp. abnormality. That is, temp. abnormality is detected by absolute. temp. increasing and an increasing rate. Moreover, a disaster prevention sub-center system 13 is provided with the table 13c of reference temp. information by the classifications of the seasons and the tunnels for eliminating the influence of the seasons and tunnel positions from temp. abnormality detection.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an optical fiber temperature measuring system using an optical fiber temperature sensor.
It is suitable for use in tunnel disaster prevention systems.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a system for detecting the temperature of a remote point with a small position resolution, the document "Hitachi Cable Technique, N.
o. 9 (1990-1), "Development of optical fiber temperature radar"". A conceptual block diagram of this description is shown in FIG. The optical fiber temperature sensor 2 is provided in contact with the medium to be measured 1 such as an electric wire. In this state, the optical fiber temperature measuring device 3 makes pulsed light incident on the optical fiber temperature sensor 2, and the optical fiber temperature measuring device 3 then The temperature at each point was detected based on the scattered light and displayed on the display device 4. The temperature is detected by the relative intensity of the backscattered light, and the position is detected by the return time of the backscattered light.

[0003]

By the way, as a tunnel fire detection system for detecting the occurrence of a fire in a tunnel, there has conventionally been a system using a flame sensor.

However, this system cannot detect the fire early, cannot detect the fire when there is a large car between the car in which the fire has occurred and the flame sensor, and the optical window of the flame sensor is contaminated. It has a defect that a fire cannot be detected when adhered. In order to make up for the drawbacks of such a flame sensor, another sensor is provided, but a smoke sensor cannot be used in a tunnel where dust is soaring. Therefore, the applicant has considered using a temperature sensor.

As a system for detecting the temperature of a remote point with a small position resolution, there is one described in the above-mentioned document. However, this cannot be directly used for temperature detection in the tunnel.

In the above-mentioned conventional technique, the temperature of the medium to be measured 1 can be captured as it is because the temperature is measured in a state where the medium to be measured 1 and the optical fiber temperature sensor 2 are in contact with each other. But when applied in a tunnel,
The specific medium to be measured is the fire temperature, which is not a direct one and cannot be measured. There is no choice but to measure the ambient temperature at each position, and this ambient temperature is also affected by the passage of vehicles and wind. Therefore, the premise of its application is different from that of the above-described conventional technology.

Therefore, the appearance of a system suitable for a tunnel is awaited.

The present invention has been made in consideration of the above points, and an optical fiber temperature measuring system for a tunnel capable of measuring the temperature in the tunnel so as to surely detect a temperature abnormality (fire occurrence). Is to provide.

[0009]

In order to solve such a problem, in the present invention, an optical fiber temperature sensor provided along a longitudinal direction of a tunnel and a light beam are incident on the optical fiber temperature sensor. The optical fiber temperature measuring means for measuring the temperature at each position based on the passing light or the returning light and the wind direction wind speed sensor for detecting the wind direction wind speed in the tunnel, and the optical fiber temperature measuring means are prepared in advance. It is characterized by detecting abnormal temperature inside the tunnel based on the reference temperature for each season and tunnel position and using the detection information of the anemometer to automatically inform the outside together with the area information. ..

Here, it is preferable that the optical fiber temperature measuring means repeatedly transmits the temperature information of the area where the temperature abnormality is detected, regardless of the abnormality normality at the time of transmission.

Further, it is preferable that the optical fiber temperature measuring means, when an area is designated from the outside and notification is requested, informs the temperature information of the specified area.

Further, it is preferable that the optical fiber temperature measuring means detects the disconnection of the optical fiber temperature sensor and automatically notifies the outside.

[0013]

The optical fiber temperature sensor is provided along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and the optical fiber temperature measuring means makes the optical fiber temperature sensor inject a light beam into the optical fiber temperature sensor, and detects the light beam passing through or returning from the sensor. The temperature abnormality cannot be accurately detected by simply measuring the temperature of the position and simply determining the abnormality. This is because it is affected by the reference temperature at the tunnel position and the reference temperature due to the wind and the season. Therefore, a wind direction and wind speed sensor for detecting the wind direction and wind speed in the tunnel is provided, and the optical fiber temperature measuring means provides the detection information of the wind direction and anemometer based on the prepared reference temperature for each season and each tunnel position. It was decided to detect temperature anomalies inside the tunnel and automatically notify the outside together with area information. As a specific detection method, the difference between the reference temperature and the detected temperature for each season and for each tunnel position is calculated, and this difference is compared with a threshold for temperature rise abnormality determination that is updated according to the wind direction and wind speed. Alternatively, there is a method of detecting the temperature rise rate and comparing it with a threshold value for judging the temperature rise rate abnormality.

[0014] Here, in order to make the monitoring person recognize the fire situation accurately, the optical fiber measuring means repeatedly transmits the temperature information of the area where the temperature abnormality is detected, regardless of the abnormality normal at the time of transmission. Preferably.

Further, when the evacuation place can be easily determined, the optical fiber temperature measuring means notifies the temperature information of the designated area when the area is designated from the outside and the notification is requested. Preferably.

Furthermore, it is preferable that the optical fiber temperature measuring means detects the disconnection of the optical fiber temperature sensor and automatically notifies the outside in order to ensure the temperature detection possible state.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows the overall construction of this embodiment. In FIG. 1, an optical fiber temperature measuring system 1
Reference numeral 0 includes an optical fiber temperature sensor 11, an optical fiber temperature measuring device 12, a disaster prevention sub-center system 13, a plurality of wind anemometers 14, and a wind direction wind speed information transfer device 15.

The optical fiber temperature sensor 11 is installed, for example, on the top of the tunnel in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. The optical fiber temperature sensor 11 is connected to an optical fiber temperature measuring device 12 having a detailed configuration described later, and the backscattered light of the pulsed light incident from the optical fiber temperature measuring device 12 is measured by the optical fiber temperature measuring device 12. Return to.
The optical fiber thermometer 12 detects the temperature by the relative intensity of the backscattered light and the position by the return time of the backscattered light. The optical fiber temperature measuring device 12 detects an abnormal temperature position and gives temperature information, abnormal position information, etc. to the disaster prevention sub-center system 13.

The disaster prevention sub-center system 13 manages the fire surface in the tunnel disaster prevention system, and displays abnormality information and the like given from the optical fiber temperature measuring device 12 on a disaster prevention display panel (not shown) or the like. Not control the start of water spray equipment.

A wind direction and wind speed information transfer device 15 is connected to the disaster prevention sub-center system 13. The wind direction and wind speed information transfer device 15 uses the wind direction and wind speed information obtained from the plurality of wind direction and anemometers 14, for example, on a regular basis to the disaster prevention sub-center system 13.
Is to be transferred to. The wind direction anemometer 14 is provided at, for example, three places such as an entrance, an intermediate part, and an exit of the tunnel. If there is a vertical hole in the middle, make it a little more frequent.

The disaster prevention sub-center system 13 uses this wind direction and wind speed information as follows in relation to the optical fiber temperature measuring device 12.

First, the optical fiber temperature measuring device 12 is used to correct the position of the abnormal temperature point. The heat generated by the fire is directed upward, but when the wind is strong, an abnormal temperature is detected at a position deviating from the position of the fire, not immediately above. Therefore, we decided to correct the position. Therefore, the table 13 in which the wind direction wind speed and the position correction amount are associated with each other
a is built in.

Secondly, the optical fiber temperature measuring device 12 is used for correcting the threshold value for judging the temperature abnormality. In the case of this embodiment, the optical fiber temperature measuring device 12 detects an abnormal temperature by an absolute temperature rise or a temperature rise rate, as described later. However, when the wind is strong, the absolute detection temperature is lowered due to heat of vaporization, and the rate of temperature rise is slowed even if a fire occurs. Therefore, it is decided to correct the threshold value for judging that the temperature is abnormal according to the wind speed. Therefore, a table 13b in which the wind direction and the wind speed are associated with the threshold value is incorporated.

In addition to this, the disaster prevention sub-center system 13
Has a built-in table 13c for storing reference temperature information for each season and each tunnel in order to exclude the influence of the season and the tunnel position on the temperature abnormality detection.

The optical fiber temperature measuring device 12 is, in detail,
Central processing unit (concept including program memory) 20, management information storage unit 21, measurement information storage unit 22, temperature measurement pulse generation unit 23, backscattered light reception unit 24, disaster prevention subcenter reception processing unit 25, and disaster prevention subcenter transmission And a processing unit 26.

The central processing unit 20 executes the process shown in FIG. 3 which will be described later, and at this time, the stored contents of the management information storage unit 21 and the measurement information storage unit 22 are used as necessary.

The management information storage unit 21 stores the temperature determination information and the information transmission request. In detail, the temperature determination information is an absolute temperature increase abnormality determination threshold value, an abnormality determination threshold value based on the temperature increase rate, seasonal position-based reference temperature information, and fire point section information. The absolute temperature abnormality determination threshold and the abnormality determination threshold based on the temperature increase rate are provided from the disaster prevention sub-center system 13 as described above. The reference temperature information for each season and position,
It is given from the disaster prevention sub-center system 13 when the system is started. Absolute temperature rise abnormality judgment,
The determination is made based on whether or not the difference between the detected temperature and the seasonal position-based reference temperature is greater than the absolute temperature rise abnormality determination threshold value. The abnormality determination of the temperature increase rate is performed by detecting the temperature increase rate from the detected temperatures before and after the same point, and determining whether the temperature increase rate is larger than the abnormality determination threshold value of the temperature increase rate. The fire point section information is a section determined to be a fire. The information transmission request is given from the disaster prevention sub-center system 13, and includes a regular transmission request and a designated position transmission request. When this instruction is issued, the central processing unit 20 executes the temperature abnormality detection processing,
The disaster prevention sub-center transmission processing unit 26 is caused to execute transmission as necessary. Even when the request is not given, the optical fiber temperature measuring instrument 12 repeats the detection process.

The measurement information storage unit 22 stores information received by the backscattered light receiving unit 24, temperature information associated with position information calculated from the information, first report information (fire advance notice information), and fiber cut information. Is stored.

The temperature measuring pulse generator 23 makes a pulse enter the optical fiber temperature sensor 11 when sampling is instructed by the central processing unit 20, and the backscattered light receiving unit 24 receives the backward pulse at that time. The scattered light is converted into digital data and stored in the measurement information storage unit 22 under the control of the central processing unit 20.

The disaster prevention sub-center reception processing unit 25 receives information from the disaster prevention sub-center system 13 and stores it in the management information storage unit 21. FIG. 3 shows the processing of the disaster prevention sub-center reception processing unit 25. The central processing unit 20 gives an activation instruction to the disaster prevention sub-center reception processing unit 25 as one process of initialization. As a result, the disaster prevention sub-center reception processing unit 25 starts the processing shown in FIG. 3, determines whether or not there is received information, and if there is, registers the information in the management information storage unit 21 and makes a determination process. If not, the judgment process is repeated (step 1
00, 101). The processing of the disaster prevention sub-center reception processing unit 25 and the central processing unit 20 are asynchronous.

The disaster prevention sub-center transmission processing unit 26 transmits the information instructed by the central processing unit 20. As the transmission information, the fire point position information, the temperature information, the first
There is fire information and fiber cut information. The central processing unit 20 gives an activation instruction to the disaster prevention sub-center transmission processing unit 26 as one process of initialization. Accordingly, the disaster prevention sub-center transmission processing unit 26 starts the processing shown in FIG. 4, determines whether there is information to be transmitted, and if there is, transmits the information to the disaster prevention sub-center system 13. The process returns to the judgment process, and if there is no judgment process, the judgment process is repeated (steps 200 and 201). The processing of the disaster prevention sub-center transmission processing unit 26 and the central processing unit 20 is asynchronous.

Next, the processing of the central processing unit 20 will be described with reference to FIG. The central processing unit 20 performs initialization (fire point clearing process, activation of transmission / reception process, etc.),
The temperature abnormality detection process shown in FIG. 5 is repeated (step 300).

First, temperature data in a certain section is sampled (step 301). A pulse is generated from the temperature measurement pulse generator 23, the backscattered light is received by the backscattered light receiving unit 24, and is stored in the measurement information storage unit 22 once. To calculate the distance data L (X),
The difference between the temperature obtained from the intensity of the backscattered light and the seasonal position-based reference temperature is sampled as temperature data T (X).

When such sampling is completed, it is judged whether or not the sampling data is transmission request data based on the storage content of the information transmission request in the management information storage unit 21, and if it is the transmission request data, the temperature is determined. The information is stored in the transmission buffer and a transmission instruction is given (step 30).
2, 303). At this time, processing similar to step 306 described later is performed to clarify normality and abnormality, and transmission is instructed.

When the transmission to the disaster prevention sub-center system 13 is instructed, or when the transmission request is not given from the disaster prevention sub-center system 13, whether or not a fire has already been detected (fire is occurring). It is determined (step 304). If a fire is occurring, it is further determined whether the sampling data of interest is information on the section in which the fire is occurring (step 305).

When a fire is not occurring, or when the sampling data of interest is a data outside the section where a fire is occurring, that is, it is data of a section which has not been determined to be a fire until now. A temperature rise confirmation process is performed (step 306). This temperature increase confirmation processing includes calculation processing (306a) of a temperature increase rate R (X) based on the temperature immediately before the same point and the current temperature, and an absolute temperature increase T (X) and its threshold value T. Of the temperature rise rate R (X) and the threshold value R thereof (306b).

When such temperature rise confirmation processing is completed at a predetermined interval (for example, about 50 cm), or when it is determined that there is an abnormality on the way, the process proceeds to fire determination processing (step 307).

As a result, when no fire has occurred, the distance of the final measurement point is recognized and this distance is compared with the length of the optical fiber temperature sensor 11 (step 30).
8, 309). If the length is equal to the length of the optical fiber temperature sensor 11, the process immediately returns to the temperature data sampling process. On the other hand, when the length is shorter than the length of the optical fiber temperature sensor 11, the optical fiber temperature sensor 11 is instructed to transmit the disconnection information, and the process returns to the temperature data sampling process (step 3
10).

On the other hand, when it is judged that a fire has occurred, the position of the fire point is extracted and stored in the management information storage unit 21, the first report information is created, and then the transmission of temperature, position information, etc. is instructed. Then, the process returns to the temperature data sampling process (steps 311, 312). If a fire is occurring and the sampling data is within the section where the fire occurred (Yes in step 305), the temperature and position information is instructed without checking the temperature rise, and the sampling of the temperature data is performed. The process returns to the process (step 312). Since the temperature drops after the fire extinguishing operation is started, it is meaningless to check the temperature rise, etc., so the check is not performed.However, temperature information is necessary to grasp the fire situation, so repeat it. I decided to send it.

Therefore, according to the above-mentioned embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) Since the temperature abnormality is judged based on the reference temperature according to the season and the tunnel position and according to the wind direction at each time point, the temperature abnormality can be accurately detected. You can

(2) Since the temperature information of the section once determined to be abnormal is transmitted regardless of whether it is abnormal or not, the monitor in the sub-center system accurately determines the situation. be able to. In fact, when the fire extinguishing operation is started, it is often impossible to determine that the temperature is abnormal.
There is a risk of re-ignition, and it is important to monitor the temperature continuously.

(3) Since the temperature information of only the designated area can be transmitted while distinguishing whether the area is normal or abnormal,
Observers can individually check the temperature of the planned evacuation site.

(4) Since the disconnection of the optical fiber temperature sensor 11 is detected and transmitted to the disaster prevention sub-center system 13, it is possible to take prompt measures against the disconnection.
The safety of the entire system can be improved.

(5) Since the temperature abnormality is determined not only by the absolute temperature difference from the reference temperature but also by the temperature rise rate, the temperature abnormality can be accurately detected.

In the above embodiment, the wind direction and wind speed information is input to the disaster prevention sub-center system 13, and the disaster prevention sub-center system 13 updates the threshold value for abnormality determination in accordance with this. The wind direction and wind speed information may be directly input to the fiber temperature measuring device 12. Also,
The reference temperature for each tunnel position for each season may be the one that the optical fiber temperature measuring device 12 has from the beginning without receiving the transfer.

Further, the number of the optical fiber temperature sensors 11 extended from the optical fiber temperature measuring device 12 is not limited to one, but may be two or more. In this case, the processing can be continuously performed by another temperature sensor without waiting for the maintenance work even if it is disconnected. It should be noted that if two or more are normal, the detected temperatures may be matched.

Further, the optical fiber temperature sensor 11 is not limited to the one using the backscattered light, but is of a type in which a light beam is incident from one end and is received at the other end to detect the temperature. It may be one.

Further, in the above embodiment, the abnormality or the like is notified by transmitting it to the host device, but it may be notified by displaying it on the display device or the like.

[0051]

As described above, according to the present invention, the optical fiber temperature sensor provided along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and the light beam which is incident on the optical fiber temperature sensor and passes through the sensor. The optical fiber temperature measuring means for measuring the temperature at each position based on the returned light beam and the wind direction wind speed sensor for detecting the wind direction wind speed in the tunnel are provided. In addition, based on the reference temperature for each tunnel position, and by using the detection information of the anemometer, the temperature abnormality inside the tunnel is detected and automatically notified to the outside together with the area information. (Fire occurrence) can be accurately detected and notified.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a tunnel optical fiber temperature measuring system of an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a conventional optical fiber temperature measuring system.

FIG. 3 is a processing flowchart of a disaster prevention sub-center reception processing unit according to the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a processing flowchart of a disaster prevention sub-center transmission processing unit according to the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing temperature abnormality detection processing of the optical fiber temperature measuring device according to the embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 ... Optical fiber temperature measuring system, 11 ... Optical fiber temperature sensor, 12 ... Optical fiber temperature measuring device, 13 ... Disaster prevention sub-center system, 14 ... Wind direction anemometer, 15 ... Wind direction wind speed information transfer device, 20 ... Optical fiber temperature measurement Central processing unit of the device 12, 21 ... Management information storage unit, 22 ... Measurement information storage unit, 23 ... Temperature measurement pulse generation unit, 24 ... Backscattered light receiving unit, 25 ... Disaster prevention subcenter reception processing unit, 26 ... Disaster prevention subcenter Transmission processing unit.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. An optical fiber temperature sensor provided along a longitudinal direction of a tunnel, and a light beam is incident on the optical fiber temperature sensor to measure the temperature at each position based on the passing light or the returning light of the sensor. An optical fiber temperature measuring means and a wind direction wind speed sensor for detecting the wind direction wind speed in the tunnel are provided, and the optical fiber temperature measuring means is based on a seasonally prepared reference temperature for each tunnel position and further, An optical fiber temperature measuring system for a tunnel, characterized in that a temperature abnormality in a tunnel is detected by using the detection information of the wind anemometer and the zone information is automatically notified to the outside. 2. The tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the optical fiber temperature measuring means repeatedly transmits the temperature information of the area where the temperature abnormality is detected, regardless of the abnormality normal at the time of transmission. Optical fiber temperature measurement system. 3. The optical fiber temperature measuring means, when an area is designated from the outside and is required to be informed, informs the temperature information of the designated area. Optical fiber temperature measurement system for tunnels. 4. The tunnel light according to claim 1, wherein the optical fiber temperature measuring means detects a disconnection of the optical fiber temperature sensor and automatically notifies the outside to the outside. Fiber temperature measurement system.