JPH05253A - Vertical-type crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a vertical-type crusher which can deal instantly with the case that the roller thrust becomes worse due to deterioration of crushing property and decrease of friction coefficient when the water content of the supplied raw material is altered and that the vibration speed increases abruptly. CONSTITUTION:A vertical-type crusher is made to have a structure wherein a constant feed-ware 80 to supply a raw material in a fixed quantity from a raw material hopper 70 to the vertical-type crusher is provided, a moisture adjusting apparatus 130 composed of a moisture measuring apparatus 132 to measure the moisture contained in the raw material during transportation, a water scattering apparatus 138, and a controlling apparatus 134 to control the water amount to be scattered is installed in the constant feed-ware 80, and a controlling apparatus 150 to send an output signal to a speed changable electric motor 80a of the constant feed-ware 80 and a flow speed adjusting valve 136 based on the input signal of a vibrator 140 and a moisture measuring apparatus 132 is provided.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vertical crusher for crushing raw materials such as limestone, slag, clinker, cement raw materials and chemicals in cooperation with a rotary table and a pulverizing roller.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a kind of crusher for finely crushing raw materials such as limestone, slag, and cement raw material into powder,
As shown in the figure, a vertical crusher 1 having a rotary table and a crushing roller is widely used. This type of crusher has a disk-shaped rotary table 3A that is driven by a speed reducer 2 by a motor 2A and rotates at a low speed in a lower portion of a cylindrical casing 15, and a hydraulic pressure is applied to a portion that equally divides an outer peripheral portion of an upper surface thereof in a circumferential direction. And a plurality of crushing rollers 4 that are driven to rotate by being pressed against each other.

The crushing roller 4 is connected to a piston rod 10 of a hydraulic cylinder 9 via an arm 5 and an arm 7 which are pivotally supported by a shaft 15 by a shaft 6, and by operating the hydraulic cylinder 9, The crushing roller 4 is pressed against the rotary table 3A to apply crushing pressure to the raw material. 3B is a dam ring provided on the outer peripheral edge of the rotary table 3A for adjusting the raw material layer pressure, 14 is a gas blowing annular space passage around the rotary table 3A, 14A is a gas supply passage, and 13 is raw material crushed by the blades 13A. A rotary separator for classification, 16 is an outlet for taking out a product together with gas, and 17 is a raw material charging chute. Reference numeral 140 is a vibrometer attached to the casing 15.

In such a vertical crusher, the raw material supplied to the central portion of the rotary table by the raw material charging chute 17 receives the centrifugal force in the radial direction of the rotary table 3A and slides on the rotary table 3A. At times, the rotary table 3A receives a force in the rotation direction, and the rotary table 3A
It slides with A and performs a rotation somewhat slower than the rotation speed of the rotary table 3A. The above two forces, that is, the radial direction force and the rotational direction force are combined, and the raw material is the rotary table 3.
A spiral locus is drawn on A to move to the outer peripheral portion of the rotary table 3A. Since the roller is pressed against the outer periphery and is rotating, the raw material in which the spiral is drawn enters the crushing roller 4 and the rotary table 3A from a direction forming an angle with the roller axial direction and is bitten. It is crushed and crushed.

On the other hand, at the base of the casing 15, gas such as air or hot air is introduced by a duct,
This gas blows up from the annular space portion 14 between the outer peripheral surface of the rotary table 3A and the inner peripheral surface of the casing, so that the pulverized fine powder is entrained in the gas and the casing 1
5, the blade 1 of the separator 13 that is located in the upper part
The product having a predetermined particle size is subjected to the classification action by 3A and is discharged together with the gas from the discharge port 16 and sent to the next step.

[0006]

In the conventional vertical crusher as described above, a considerable amount of the material to be crushed reaching the biting side of the crushing roller is bitten by the crushing roller on the table. It is normal for it to be washed away into the annular space. Then, among the objects to be crushed that are pushed into the annular space on the biting side of the crushing roller, those with a large particle size become stones and fall into the annular space to increase the amount of stones and increase the amount of processing work. Increase. Further, among the objects to be crushed that have been swept into the annular space, those having a small particle size are scattered again, so that the load applied to the separator is increased and the classification efficiency is likely to be lowered. Further, a large amount of the object to be crushed is forced to flow into the annular space portion, which increases the ventilation pressure loss in the annular space portion, thereby increasing the fan power.

Further, in order for the raw material dropped on the rotary table 3A of the crusher to be successfully brought into contact with the crushing roller 4 and to be bitten, the raw material must have an appropriate friction coefficient, and the surface is smooth and smooth. In the case of a raw material having a property having a small friction coefficient, even if the pulverizing roller 4 is strongly pressed toward the rotary table 3A, the raw material interposed between the two cannot escape to the side and an effective pulverizing force cannot be applied to the raw material. Since a raw material having a small wear coefficient generally has a low water content, the wear coefficient must be increased by adjusting the water content of the raw material to an appropriate value in advance. Of these raw materials with low water content and low friction coefficient, especially when ultra-finely pulverizing a raw material with relatively poor grindability, mill vibration often occurs and the vibration value (amplitude) Especially in the case of a large machine, the equipment may be damaged or the vehicle may become inoperable and the operation may be stopped without stopping.

Therefore, as a countermeasure against the occurrence of a large vibration, in order to move away from the resonance region by changing the frequency of the raw material layer of the crushing part, the table weir height (dam ring height), It is conceivable to change the crushing pressure and table rotation speed by changing them. Of these, changing the rotary table drive device is too expensive to implement and the feasibility is low. The internal work after stopping the operation of the crusher is required to change the value), and when the crushing pressure is changed, the product particle size changes to the desired one. The actual situation was to deal with it, and it was to impair a stable production plan. Therefore, even if mill vibration occurs, the vibration frequency of the pulverized raw material layer is changed to reduce the vibration amplitude and the normal stable operation with less vibration is quickly restored without any significant reduction in the mill throughput. The means were hungry. The generation of these vibrations tended to occur more frequently in the fine crushing or ultra fine crushing than in the intermediate crushing region.

[0009]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the vertical crusher of the present invention has a plurality of rotatable crushing rollers arranged on the upper surface of the outer peripheral portion of a rotary table and supplies the crushing roller to the center of the rotary table. The raw material is pulverized between the upper surface of the rotary table and the peripheral surface of the pulverizing roller by applying a predetermined pulverizing pressure to the pulverizing roller, and the raw material from the raw material hopper is pulverized in a vertical pulverizer equipped with a vibrometer on the casing. It is equipped with a constant feed ware for transportation to the machine, and a humidity control device consisting of a moisture measuring device for measuring the moisture content of the raw material during transportation, a water sprinkler, and a flow rate adjusting valve for adjusting the amount of water sprinkling is installed in the constant feed ware. The watering amount is changed when the indicated value of the vibrometer exceeds a preset value or when the measured value of the moisture measuring device deviates from the preset value range. Was vertical pulverizing machine comprised comprise an eye of the control device.

[0010]

In the vertical crusher of the present invention, the vibration value (amplitude) measured by the vibrometer attached to the casing of the vertical crusher and the moisture content measuring device for the transportation material arranged in the constant feed ware are used. The measured value of water content is converted into an electric signal every moment and transmitted to the control device, and the comparator inside the control device compares it with the preset vibration value and water content value, and exceeds or exceeds the appropriate vibration value. When the water content is out of the range of normal moisture value, the controller issues a command to increase / decrease the amount of water sprayed by the sprayer arranged above the constant feed wear to control the amount of water sprayed on the raw material. By introducing the raw material whose moisture content has been adjusted to an appropriate level into the crusher in this way, the crushing conditions so far are changed, the mill vibration is reduced, and stable operation is restored.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 to 3 show a vertical crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a flow sheet, FIG. 2 is a control block diagram of a humidity control device and a control device, and FIG. 3 is a control system diagram. In the figure, 1 is a vertical crusher, 60 is a raw material conveyor, 70 is a raw material hopper, 80 is a constant feed ware, 80a is a variable speed electric motor for the same, 90 is a dust collecting device, 100 is a suction fan, and 110 is stone discharging. Conveyor, 12
Reference numeral 0 is a bucket elevator, 130 is a humidity controller, and the humidity controller 130 is a moisture measuring device 132, a flow rate adjusting valve 136,
It is composed of a spray device (sprinkler) 138. Also,
Reference numeral 150 denotes a control device connected to the vibrometer 140 and the moisture measuring device 132 by electric wiring. As shown in FIG. 2, a setter, a comparator, a controller (regulator and operator), and an amplifier are housed inside. Has been done. Each device of the main body of the vertical crusher 1 is as described in the related art, and its description is omitted.

Next, the humidity controller 130 and the controller 15
The operation of 0 will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, the vibrometer 140 is measured at every time interval set by the timer.
And the measurement result of the moisture measuring device 132 is converted into an electric signal and input to the control device 150. A comparator compares these two pieces of information (vibration value and water content of raw material) with the set value input to the setting device in advance, and if the set value is out of the range, the spray device is set via the controller. The amount of water sprinkling is adjusted by adjusting the valve opening of the flow rate adjusting valve 136 of 138, or the variable speed electric motor 80a of the constant feed ware 80 is controlled to increase or decrease the amount of raw material supply. The set value is the standard vibration level, and the proper raw material water content range (0.8-3 for limestone)
%, 0.5 to 2% for clinker and slag), and the rated feed rate (rated speed). The controller is composed of a controller and a controller. The controller directs the increase / decrease range of the sprinkling amount according to how the measured value of the water content in the raw material exceeds the set value. (P action), integral action (I action), derivative action (D action), proportional integral action (PI action), proportional derivative action (PD action), etc.
It can be used properly according to the state of change of the raw material water content. In addition to the above, the controller also has a role of instructing the width of reducing the raw material supply amount according to how the measured value exceeds the set value of vibration.

The operating device transmits an operation command to the flow rate adjusting valve 136 and the variable speed electric motor 80a based on the instruction from the adjusting device. The lines with arrows in the figure show the flow of signals.

The flow of the control system of these control devices 150 is as shown in FIG. That is, the vibration value and the water content of the raw material are measured at the time intervals designated by the running timer, and when the measured vibration value is larger than the reference vibration level (eg, single amplitude 50 μm), when the water content of the raw material is lower than the set range, Increase the water volume, and decrease the water sprinkling volume above the set range. When the vibration level is high even though the water content value is within the proper range, the raw material supply amount is reduced to avoid this situation. However, the sprinkling amount is increased by the increase in the water content rate due to the reduction of the raw material supply amount. To keep the moisture content as usual. In addition, when the vibration level is within the reference level and the raw material supply amount is less than the rated value, the raw material supply amount is increased, but at this time as well, the sprinkling amount is increased by a commensurate amount so that the water content value does not change.

In this way, after the operation is changed and a certain time elapses by the timer, the vibration value and the moisture measuring device 132 are again measured.
Compare the measured water content with the set value, and if the set value is exceeded, repeat the above operation. It is convenient to set the water content within a range of 0.8 to 3% for limestone crushing, and 0.5 to 2% for low water content such as clinker and slag. Is. As the moisture measuring instrument 132, a commercially available laser emission type instrument can be used. Moisture content of up to 3% can be sufficiently dried by crushing heat and heat from a suction fan. If the water content is 3% or more, the grinding efficiency will be adversely affected.
Keep it in%. The moisture measuring device 132 may be, for example, an infrared reflection type or infrared transmission type moisture meter to which the principle that a specific wavelength of light is absorbed by moisture is applied.

By performing the automatic control having the feedback mechanism as described above, the vibration value suddenly increases, or the water content of the feed material suddenly decreases (or increases) during operation, and the grinding efficiency decreases. Or the biting becomes worse and the vibration value increases, the raw material supply amount and raw material moisture are improved by the above operation, and the biting of the raw material is improved again due to the increase of the friction coefficient. It is possible to return to a stable operating state.

[0017]

As is apparent from the above description, in the vertical crusher of the present invention, the water content of the feed material is maintained at an appropriate preset value by water spraying by the spray device, so that the material is crushed. Good biting into the roller can be maintained. Therefore, the crushing efficiency is improved,
It is possible to suppress the occurrence of abnormal vibrations and prevent product coarsening and performance deterioration. When the water content of the raw material is appropriate and the vibration suddenly increases due to other causes, the operation is continued by temporarily reducing the raw material supply amount, and when the vibration value falls within the specified range. Since the raw material supply can be automatically restored, long-term continuous stable operation can be continued, improving maintainability.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flow sheet of a vertical crusher showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a control block diagram of a humidity controller and a controller of a vertical crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a control system diagram of a vertical crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an overall vertical sectional view of a conventional vertical crusher.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Vertical Grinder 3A Rotary Table 4 Grinding Roller 17 Raw Material Input Chute 60 Raw Material Conveyor 70 Raw Material Hopper 80 Constant Feed Wear 80a Variable Speed Motor 90 Dust Collector 100 Suction Fan 110 Stone Exhaust Conveyor 120 Bucket Elevator 130 Humidifier 132 Moisture Measuring instrument 136 Flow rate adjusting valve 138 Spray device (sprinkler) 140 Vibrometer 150 Control device

Claims (1)

Claim: What is claimed is: 1. A plurality of rotatable crushing rollers are arranged on the upper surface of the outer periphery of a rotary table, and the raw material supplied to the center of the rotary table is rotated by applying a predetermined crushing pressure to the crushing roller. Grind between the table top surface and the grinding roller peripheral surface, and
A vertical crusher with a vibrometer attached to the casing is equipped with a constant feed ware that transports the raw material from the raw material hopper to the pulverizer, and a moisture meter and water sprinkler that measure the moisture content of the raw material during transportation and the amount of water sprayed. A humidity control device comprising a flow control valve for adjustment is arranged in the constant feed ware, and when the indicated value of the vibrometer exceeds a preset value, or when the measured value of the moisture measuring device is A vertical crusher provided with a control device for changing the amount of water spray when the width deviates from a preset value range.