JPH05249463A - Liquid crystal display device and its production - Google Patents
Liquid crystal display device and its productionInfo
- Publication number
- JPH05249463A JPH05249463A JP5159592A JP5159592A JPH05249463A JP H05249463 A JPH05249463 A JP H05249463A JP 5159592 A JP5159592 A JP 5159592A JP 5159592 A JP5159592 A JP 5159592A JP H05249463 A JPH05249463 A JP H05249463A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- display device
- surfactant
- crystal display
- alignment film
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明はそれぞれの内面に配向膜
を有した２枚の対向する基板の間に液晶層をはさみこん
だ構造を持つ液晶表示装置に関する。なお、液晶表示装
置とはいわゆる表示のみでなく、光の透過、反射をコン
トロールし、感光体等への感光を制御する印写装置に用
いるものも含む。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device having a structure in which a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between two opposing substrates each having an alignment film on its inner surface. Note that the liquid crystal display device includes not only so-called display but also a printing device that controls light transmission and reflection to control exposure to a photoconductor or the like.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】この種の液晶表示装置における液晶セル
の代表的な構造を模式的に図２に示す。該液晶表示装置
においては、液晶中に含まれるイオン性不純物により、
液晶層を流れる電流が大きく、また、液晶層と配向膜の
界面において帯電現象の発生、および電気二重層の容量
を増加させる原因となるため、液晶表示装置を駆動する
交流波形において一定の電圧であっても、周波数により
液晶の透過率が変化するという欠点を有していた。この
ため時分割駆動においては、高デューティー駆動した場
合、クロストークの発生等の欠点があり、高品位の表示
は困難であった。2. Description of the Related Art A typical structure of a liquid crystal cell in a liquid crystal display device of this type is schematically shown in FIG. In the liquid crystal display device, due to the ionic impurities contained in the liquid crystal,
The current flowing through the liquid crystal layer is large, and it causes a charging phenomenon at the interface between the liquid crystal layer and the alignment film and increases the capacity of the electric double layer. However, it has a drawback that the transmittance of the liquid crystal changes depending on the frequency. Therefore, in the time-divisional driving, when high duty driving is performed, there are drawbacks such as occurrence of crosstalk, and it is difficult to display high quality.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は上記の問題を
解決するためのものであり、高品位表示を可能にする液
晶表示装置を得ることを目的とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is intended to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to obtain a liquid crystal display device capable of high-quality display.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の液晶表示装置
は、液晶層の分子配向を規定する配向膜を内面に有して
対向する一対の基板を有する液晶表示装置において、該
配向膜の液晶層側の面に界面活性剤層を設けること、ま
たは、該液晶中に界面活性剤を添加することを特徴とす
る。A liquid crystal display device according to the present invention is a liquid crystal display device having a pair of substrates facing each other with an alignment film defining the molecular alignment of a liquid crystal layer on the inner surface thereof. It is characterized in that a surface-active agent layer is provided on the layer side surface or a surface-active agent is added to the liquid crystal.
【０００５】配向膜上に界面活性剤層を設ける方法、ま
たは液晶中に界面活性剤を添加する方法ともに該界面活
性剤として、陽イオン性、陰イオン性、両性、および非
イオン性界面活性剤のいずれも使用できるが、特に良好
な特性のものは非イオン性界面活性剤を用いた処理にお
いて得られた。Both a method of providing a surface-active agent layer on the alignment film and a method of adding a surface-active agent to the liquid crystal include cationic, anionic, amphoteric and nonionic surface-active agents. Although any of these can be used, those with particularly good properties were obtained by treatment with a nonionic surfactant.
【０００６】該界面活性剤層を配向膜上に形成させる方
法としては、均一な膜が成膜できるならば、いずれの方
法でも可能であり、配向膜を有する基板を該界面活性剤
を含む溶液中に浸漬、または、ラングミュアー・ブロジ
ェット法、スピンコートあるいはロールコート法等を用
いることができる。また、該界面活性剤をクラフト重合
により、配向膜表面に重合させても良い。該界面活性剤
を含む浸漬または塗布溶液は、該界面活性剤を分散させ
ることができれば特に限定されず、水溶液、フロン系溶
媒、メタノール、イソプロピルアルコール、ベンゼン、
トルエン、ジメチルフォルムアミド等の有機溶媒を用い
ることができる。配向膜を有する基板を浸漬する溶液の
濃度は、使用する界面活性剤のＣＭＣ（臨界ミセル濃
度）以上、溶解限界以下であれば使用できる。As a method for forming the surfactant layer on the alignment film, any method can be used as long as a uniform film can be formed, and a substrate having the alignment film can be prepared by using a solution containing the surfactant. Immersion in the medium, or Langmuir-Blodgett method, spin coating, roll coating, or the like can be used. Further, the surfactant may be polymerized on the surface of the alignment film by Kraft polymerization. The dipping or coating solution containing the surfactant is not particularly limited as long as the surfactant can be dispersed, and an aqueous solution, a chlorofluorocarbon solvent, methanol, isopropyl alcohol, benzene,
Organic solvents such as toluene and dimethylformamide can be used. The concentration of the solution in which the substrate having the alignment film is dipped can be used as long as it is not less than the CMC (critical micelle concentration) of the surfactant used and not more than the solubility limit.
【０００７】[0007]
【作用】本発明により、液晶層の分子配向を規定する配
向膜と液晶層との界面における帯電がおさえられ、ま
た、電気二重層容量が減少するため、液晶セルの駆動周
波数−透過率特性が良好になり、クロストークの発生が
ない、高表示品質な液晶表示装置が得られる。According to the present invention, the charge at the interface between the alignment film and the liquid crystal layer, which defines the molecular alignment of the liquid crystal layer, is suppressed, and the electric double layer capacity is reduced, so that the driving frequency-transmittance characteristic of the liquid crystal cell is improved. It is possible to obtain a liquid crystal display device of high display quality which is favorable and does not cause crosstalk.
【０００８】[0008]
（実施例１）液晶表示装置としてＴＮモード液晶を用い
た表示装置を例に説明する。ガラス基板上に透明導電膜
であるＩＴＯをスパッタにより形成した後、所定の電極
形状にパターニングする。該基板上に４００オングスト
ロームの膜厚でポリイミド膜を形成し、表面をラビング
法で処理することにより配向膜を形成した。該基板を非
イオン性界面活性剤であるポリオキシエチレンラウリル
エーテルの１ｗｔ％水溶液中に浸漬した後、純水で洗
浄、乾燥することにより、表面処理を行なった。同様の
方法で対向基板を作製し、これら２枚の基板を６マイク
ロメーター程度のギャップを保持するためのギャップ剤
（樹脂性ファイバーまたはボール）を挟んで、配向膜面
を向かい合わせて張り合わせ、ギャップに液晶を注入し
た。次に該セルを挟み込むように２枚の偏向板を偏向軸
が所定の角度を持って交差するように張り付け、液晶セ
ルを製造した。Example 1 A display device using TN mode liquid crystal as a liquid crystal display device will be described as an example. ITO, which is a transparent conductive film, is formed on a glass substrate by sputtering, and then patterned into a predetermined electrode shape. A polyimide film having a film thickness of 400 angstrom was formed on the substrate, and the surface was treated by a rubbing method to form an alignment film. The substrate was immersed in a 1 wt% aqueous solution of polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, which is a nonionic surfactant, then washed with pure water and dried to perform surface treatment. A counter substrate is prepared by the same method, and a gap agent (resin fiber or ball) for holding a gap of about 6 micrometers is sandwiched between these two substrates, and the alignment film surfaces are stuck to each other to form a gap. Liquid crystal was injected into. Then, two deflecting plates were attached so as to sandwich the cell so that the deflection axes intersect each other at a predetermined angle, to manufacture a liquid crystal cell.
【０００９】該液晶セルを流れる電流は、従来の液晶セ
ルの１／２以下となった。また、該液晶セルの駆動周波
数−透過率特性は、図１に示すように１Ｈｚから５ｋＨ
ｚの範囲で、一定の透過率を示している。また、従来の
液晶表示装置では、高デューティー駆動を行なうと、ク
ロストークが発生し、表示品質が悪化していたが、本実
施例の液晶セルを用いた液晶表示装置ではクロストーク
の発生がなく、表示品質が大幅に改善された。The current flowing through the liquid crystal cell is less than half that of the conventional liquid crystal cell. Further, the driving frequency-transmittance characteristic of the liquid crystal cell is 1 Hz to 5 kHz as shown in FIG.
A constant transmittance is shown in the range of z. Further, in the conventional liquid crystal display device, when high duty driving is performed, crosstalk occurs and display quality is deteriorated. However, in the liquid crystal display device using the liquid crystal cell of the present embodiment, crosstalk does not occur. , The display quality has been greatly improved.
【００１０】（実施例２）実施例１と同様であるが、界
面活性剤としてポリオキシエチレンラウリルエーテルに
かえて、ポリエチレンイミンの１ｗｔ％水溶液中に配向
膜を有する基板を浸漬することにより表面処理を行な
い、液晶セルを製造することにより、実施例１と同様の
効果が得られた。Example 2 The same as Example 1, except that the surface treatment was carried out by immersing the substrate having the alignment film in a 1 wt% aqueous solution of polyethyleneimine instead of polyoxyethylene lauryl ether as the surfactant. The same effect as in Example 1 was obtained by manufacturing the liquid crystal cell by performing
【００１１】（実施例３）実施例１と同様であるが、界
面活性剤としてポリオキシエチレンラウリルエーテルに
かえて、１，２，３−ベンゾトリアゾールを用いた。配
向膜を有する基板を浸漬する表面処理液は、１，２，３
−ベンゾトリアゾールを少量のエタノールに溶解した
後、純水に溶解し、１ｗｔ％の水溶液に調製した。該表
面処理を行なって液晶セルを製造することにより、実施
例１と同様の効果が得られた。(Example 3) The same as Example 1, except that 1,2,3-benzotriazole was used instead of polyoxyethylene lauryl ether as the surfactant. The surface treatment liquid for immersing the substrate having the alignment film is 1, 2, 3
-Benzotriazole was dissolved in a small amount of ethanol and then in pure water to prepare a 1 wt% aqueous solution. By producing the liquid crystal cell by performing the surface treatment, the same effect as in Example 1 was obtained.
【００１２】（実施例４）実施例３と同様であるが、配
向膜を有する基板を浸漬する表面処理液として、１，
２，３−ベンゾトリアゾールを少量のエタノールに溶解
した後、純水に溶解し、０．１ｗｔ％の水溶液に調製し
た。該表面処理を行なって液晶セルを製造することによ
り、実施例１と同様の効果が得られた。(Embodiment 4) Same as Embodiment 3, except that the surface treatment liquid for immersing the substrate having the alignment film is
After dissolving 2,3-benzotriazole in a small amount of ethanol, it was dissolved in pure water to prepare a 0.1 wt% aqueous solution. By producing the liquid crystal cell by performing the surface treatment, the same effect as in Example 1 was obtained.
【００１３】（実施例５）実施例１と同様であるが、配
向膜を有する基板を界面活性剤を含む溶液に浸漬する方
法に変えて、ラングミュア・ブロジェット法により、配
向膜上にポリオキシエチレンラウリルエーテル層を作製
した後、摂氏１５０度で加熱、乾燥することにより、表
面処理を行い、液晶セルを製造することにより、実施例
１と同様の効果が得られた。(Embodiment 5) The same as in Embodiment 1, except that the substrate having the alignment film is immersed in a solution containing a surfactant, and the polyoxy group is formed on the alignment film by the Langmuir-Blodgett method. After the ethylene lauryl ether layer was produced, the surface treatment was performed by heating and drying at 150 degrees Celsius to produce a liquid crystal cell, and the same effect as in Example 1 was obtained.
【００１４】（実施例６）実施例１と同様であるが、配
向膜を有する基板を界面活性剤を含む溶液に浸漬する方
法に変えて、１，２，３−ベンゾトリアゾールの１ｗｔ
％エタノール溶液をスピンコートした後、摂氏１５０度
で加熱、乾燥することにより表面処理を行ない、液晶セ
ルを製造することにより、実施例１と同様の効果が得ら
れた。Example 6 The same as Example 1, except that the substrate having an alignment film is immersed in a solution containing a surfactant, and 1 wt.% Of 1,2,3-benzotriazole is used.
After spin-coating a 1% ethanol solution, the surface treatment was performed by heating and drying at 150 ° C. to produce a liquid crystal cell, and the same effect as in Example 1 was obtained.
【００１５】（実施例７）ＴＮ液晶に対し５０ｐｐｍの
１，２，３−ベンゾトリアゾールを添加した。該液晶を
加熱し等方性液体にし、攪拌したのち常温に冷却した。
ガラス基板上にＩＴＯ等の透明導電膜を形成した後、所
定の電極形状にパターニングする。該基板上に４００オ
ングストロームの膜厚でポリイミド膜を形成し、表面を
ラビング法で処理することにより配向膜を形成した。同
様の方法で対向基板を作製し、これら２枚の基板を６マ
イクロメータ程度のギャップを保持するためのギャップ
剤を挟んで、配向膜面を向かい合わせて張り合わせ、ギ
ャップに１，２，３−ベンゾトリアゾールを添加した液
晶を注入した。次に該セルを挟み込むように２枚の偏向
板を偏向軸が所定の角度を持って交差するように張り付
け、液晶セルを製造した。Example 7 50 ppm of 1,2,3-benzotriazole was added to TN liquid crystal. The liquid crystal was heated to an isotropic liquid, stirred, and then cooled to room temperature.
After forming a transparent conductive film such as ITO on a glass substrate, it is patterned into a predetermined electrode shape. A polyimide film having a film thickness of 400 angstrom was formed on the substrate, and the surface was treated by a rubbing method to form an alignment film. Counter substrates were prepared by the same method, and these two substrates were laminated with a gap agent for maintaining a gap of about 6 micrometers facing each other with the alignment film surfaces facing each other. A liquid crystal added with benzotriazole was injected. Then, two deflecting plates were attached so as to sandwich the cell so that the deflection axes intersect each other at a predetermined angle, to manufacture a liquid crystal cell.
【００１６】該液晶セルを流れる電流は、従来の液晶セ
ルの１／２以下となった。また、該液晶セルの駆動周波
数−透過率特性は、１Ｈｚから５ｋＨｚの範囲で、ほぼ
一定の透過率を示した。また、本実施例は配向膜上に表
面処理を行った実施例１，２，３，４，５，６に比較し
て、表面処理によるむらが起きないという利点がみられ
た。本実施例の液晶セルを用いた表示装置ではクロスト
ークの発生がなく、表示品質が大幅に改善された。The current flowing through the liquid crystal cell was less than half that of the conventional liquid crystal cell. Further, the driving frequency-transmittance characteristic of the liquid crystal cell showed a substantially constant transmittance in the range of 1 Hz to 5 kHz. Further, this example has an advantage that unevenness due to the surface treatment does not occur as compared with Examples 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 in which the surface treatment is performed on the alignment film. In the display device using the liquid crystal cell of this example, crosstalk did not occur, and the display quality was significantly improved.
【００１７】（実施例８）実施例７と同様であるが、
１，２，３−ベンゾトリアゾールにかえて、ポリオキシ
エチレンラウリルエーテルを５０ｐｐｍ添加した液晶を
注入し、液晶セルを製造することにより、実施例７と同
様の効果が得られた。(Embodiment 8) Same as Embodiment 7, except that
The same effect as in Example 7 was obtained by injecting a liquid crystal containing 50 ppm of polyoxyethylene lauryl ether instead of 1,2,3-benzotriazole to produce a liquid crystal cell.
【００１８】（実施例９）実施例７と同様であるが、
１，２，３−ベンゾトリアゾールにかえて、ポリエチレ
ンイミンを５０ｐｐｍ添加した液晶を注入し、液晶セル
を製造することにより、実施例７と同様の効果が得られ
た。(Embodiment 9) Same as Embodiment 7, except that
The same effect as in Example 7 was obtained by injecting a liquid crystal containing 50 ppm of polyethyleneimine instead of 1,2,3-benzotriazole to produce a liquid crystal cell.
【００１９】[0019]
【発明の効果】本発明による液晶セルの駆動周波数−透
過率特性は、１Ｈｚから５ｋＨｚの範囲で、ほぼ一定の
透過率を示しており、時分割駆動に適した液晶セルの提
供が可能となった。また、液晶セルを流れる電流は、従
来の液晶セルの１／２以下となり、駆動回路に対する負
荷が低減できた。また、従来の液晶表示装置では、高デ
ューティー駆動を行なうと、クロストークが発生し、表
示品質が悪化していたが、本発明の液晶セルを用いた表
示装置ではクロストークの発生がなく、表示品質が大幅
に改善された。The driving frequency-transmittance characteristic of the liquid crystal cell according to the present invention exhibits a substantially constant transmittance in the range of 1 Hz to 5 kHz, which makes it possible to provide a liquid crystal cell suitable for time-division driving. It was Further, the current flowing through the liquid crystal cell is less than half that of the conventional liquid crystal cell, and the load on the drive circuit can be reduced. Further, in the conventional liquid crystal display device, when high duty driving is performed, crosstalk occurs and the display quality is deteriorated. However, in the display device using the liquid crystal cell of the present invention, crosstalk does not occur and the display quality is improved. The quality has improved significantly.
【図１】本発明による液晶表示装置の駆動周波数−透過
率特性図。FIG. 1 is a drive frequency-transmittance characteristic diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.
【図２】ＴＮモード液晶を用いた液晶表示装置の概略
図。FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a liquid crystal display device using TN mode liquid crystal.
１ａ，１ｂ ガラス基板 ２ａ，２ｂ ＩＴＯ電極 ３ａ，３ｂ 配向膜 ４ ギャップ剤 ５ 液晶層 ６ａ，６ｂ 偏向板 1a, 1b Glass substrate 2a, 2b ITO electrode 3a, 3b Alignment film 4 Gap agent 5 Liquid crystal layer 6a, 6b Deflection plate
Claims (16)
面に有して対向する一対の基板を有する液晶セルを用い
た液晶表示装置において、該配向膜の液晶層側の面に界
面活性剤層を設けることを特徴とする液晶表示装置。1. In a liquid crystal display device using a liquid crystal cell having a pair of substrates facing each other with an alignment film that defines the molecular alignment of the liquid crystal layer on the inner surface, the surface of the alignment film on the liquid crystal layer side has surface active A liquid crystal display device comprising an agent layer.
を用いることを特徴とする請求項１記載の液晶表示装
置。2. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein a nonionic surfactant is used as the surfactant.
レンオキサイドまたはその誘導体を用いることを特徴と
する請求項２記載の液晶表示装置。3. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 2, wherein polyethylene oxide or a derivative thereof is used as the nonionic surfactant.
リオキシエチレンエーテルを用いることを特徴とする請
求項３記載の液晶表示装置。4. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 3, wherein polyoxyethylene ether is used as the polyethylene oxide derivative.
レンイミンまたはその誘導体を用いることを特徴とする
請求項２記載の液晶表示装置。5. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 2, wherein polyethyleneimine or a derivative thereof is used as the nonionic surfactant.
環、トリアゾール環、テトラゾール環のいずれかあるい
は複数を分子構造中に持つ界面活性剤を用いることを特
徴とする請求項２記載の液晶表示装置。6. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 2, wherein a surfactant having any one or more of a diazole ring, a triazole ring and a tetrazole ring in a molecular structure is used as the nonionic surfactant.
活性剤として１，２，３−ベンゾトリアゾールまたはそ
の誘導体を用いることを特徴とする請求項６記載の液晶
表示装置。7. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 6, wherein 1,2,3-benzotriazole or a derivative thereof is used as a surfactant having a triazole ring in its molecular structure.
面に有して対向する一対の基板を有する液晶セルを用い
た液晶表示装置において、界面活性剤を添加した液晶層
を用いることを特徴とする液晶表示装置。8. A liquid crystal display device using a liquid crystal cell having a pair of substrates facing each other with an alignment film defining the molecular alignment of the liquid crystal layer on the inner surface, and using the liquid crystal layer to which a surfactant is added. Characteristic liquid crystal display device.
を用いることを特徴とする請求項８記載の液晶表示装
置。9. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 8, wherein a nonionic surfactant is used as the surfactant.
チレンオキサイドまたはその誘導体を用いることを特徴
とする請求項９記載の液晶表示装置。10. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 9, wherein polyethylene oxide or a derivative thereof is used as the nonionic surfactant.
チレンイミンまたはその誘導体を用いることを特徴とす
る請求項９記載の液晶表示装置。11. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 9, wherein polyethyleneimine or a derivative thereof is used as the nonionic surfactant.
ール環、トリアゾール環、テトラゾール環のいずれかあ
るいは複数を分子構造中に持つ界面活性剤を用いること
を特徴とする請求項９記載の液晶表示装置。12. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 9, wherein a surfactant having any one or more of a diazole ring, a triazole ring and a tetrazole ring in a molecular structure is used as the nonionic surfactant. ..
面活性剤として、１，２，３−ベンゾトリアゾールまた
はその誘導体を用いることを特徴とする請求項１２記載
の液晶表示装置。13. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 12, wherein 1,2,3-benzotriazole or a derivative thereof is used as a surfactant having a triazole ring in its molecular structure.
内面に有して対向する一対の基板を有する液晶セルを用
いた液晶表示装置の製造方法において、配向膜を有する
基板を界面活性剤溶液中に浸漬することにより、配向膜
上に該界面活性剤層を設けることを特徴とする液晶表示
装置の製造方法。14. In a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device using a liquid crystal cell having a pair of substrates facing each other with an alignment film defining the molecular alignment of a liquid crystal layer on the inner surface, the substrate having the alignment film is a surfactant. A method for producing a liquid crystal display device, comprising providing the surfactant layer on the alignment film by immersing the liquid crystal display device in a solution.
内面に有して対向する一対の基板を有する液晶セルを用
いた液晶表示装置の製造方法において、界面活性剤溶液
中においてラングミュア・ブロジェット法により、配向
膜上に該界面活性剤層を設けることを特徴とする液晶表
示装置の製造方法。15. A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device using a liquid crystal cell having a pair of substrates facing each other with an alignment film for defining the molecular alignment of a liquid crystal layer on the inner surface, the method comprising Langmuir Brochure in a surfactant solution. A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, which comprises providing the surfactant layer on an alignment film by a jet method.
内面に有して対向する一対の基板を有する液晶セルを用
いた液晶表示装置の製造方法において、界面活性剤また
はその希釈溶液をスピンコート法あるいはロールコート
法により塗布することにより、配向膜上に該界面活性剤
層を設けることを特徴とする液晶表示装置の製造方法。16. A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device using a liquid crystal cell having a pair of substrates facing each other with an alignment film defining the molecular alignment of a liquid crystal layer on the inner surface, and spinning a surfactant or a diluted solution thereof. A method for producing a liquid crystal display device, characterized in that the surfactant layer is provided on the alignment film by applying by a coating method or a roll coating method.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5159592A JP3158607B2 (en) | 1992-03-10 | 1992-03-10 | Liquid crystal display |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5159592A JP3158607B2 (en) | 1992-03-10 | 1992-03-10 | Liquid crystal display |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05249463A true JPH05249463A (en) | 1993-09-28 |
| JP3158607B2 JP3158607B2 (en) | 2001-04-23 |
Family
ID=12891267
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5159592A Expired - Fee Related JP3158607B2 (en) | 1992-03-10 | 1992-03-10 | Liquid crystal display |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3158607B2 (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5447759A (en) * | 1993-05-18 | 1995-09-05 | Chisso Corporation | Liquid crystal alignment film and liquid crystal display element |
| US7106410B2 (en) | 2000-03-27 | 2006-09-12 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Bistable nematic liquid crystal device comprising an array of upstanding alignment posts |
| US7397526B2 (en) * | 2000-03-27 | 2008-07-08 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Liquid crystal device comprising alignment posts having a random or pseudorandom spacing therebetween |
| US7460200B2 (en) | 2000-03-27 | 2008-12-02 | Helwett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Liquid crystal alignment |
| JP2014222330A (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2014-11-27 | 株式会社ニコン | Method for surface-treating glass substrate and method for regenerating photomask |
-
1992
- 1992-03-10 JP JP5159592A patent/JP3158607B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5447759A (en) * | 1993-05-18 | 1995-09-05 | Chisso Corporation | Liquid crystal alignment film and liquid crystal display element |
| US7106410B2 (en) | 2000-03-27 | 2006-09-12 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Bistable nematic liquid crystal device comprising an array of upstanding alignment posts |
| US7397526B2 (en) * | 2000-03-27 | 2008-07-08 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Liquid crystal device comprising alignment posts having a random or pseudorandom spacing therebetween |
| US7460200B2 (en) | 2000-03-27 | 2008-12-02 | Helwett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Liquid crystal alignment |
| US7633596B2 (en) | 2000-03-27 | 2009-12-15 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Liquid crystal alignment |
| JP2014222330A (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2014-11-27 | 株式会社ニコン | Method for surface-treating glass substrate and method for regenerating photomask |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3158607B2 (en) | 2001-04-23 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP4701555B2 (en) | Manufacturing method of polarizing film | |
| JP3901732B2 (en) | Liquid crystal alignment film | |
| US20070026135A1 (en) | Method of making a liquid crystal alignment layer | |
| JPS6066233A (en) | Array of ferrodielectric liquid crystal elements | |
| JP2001343522A (en) | Polarizer film and its manufacturing method | |
| JPH05249463A (en) | Liquid crystal display device and its production | |
| EP1224503B1 (en) | Liquid crystal alignment layer | |
| DE69433294T2 (en) | OPTICAL PLASTIC MOLDED BODY AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF | |
| JP2006154158A (en) | Method for manufacturing liquid crystal alignment layer and liquid crystal display element | |
| US20040043162A1 (en) | Use of a polythiophene for aligning liquid crystals | |
| KR20070091994A (en) | Preparation method of polyvinyl alcohol film and polyvinyl alcohol polarizer film prepared by using the same | |
| KR101016260B1 (en) | Film speaker used anion surfactants of aqueous dispersed poly3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene, solutions produced according to said method | |
| JPH0361400A (en) | Production of color filter | |
| JPH05257149A (en) | Liquid crystal display element | |
| JP2889587B2 (en) | Manufacturing method of liquid crystal element | |
| JPH02153321A (en) | Liquid crystal element and composition for conductive organic compound film | |
| JPH0695133A (en) | Liquid crystal electrooptical device | |
| US6942905B1 (en) | Buff-free liquid crystal alignment using poly(ionomer) coatings | |
| JPH0490512A (en) | Liquid crystal display panel and production thereof | |
| JPH03293324A (en) | Liquid crystal display device | |
| JPS63223727A (en) | Liquid crystal display element | |
| JP2007316337A (en) | Alkali developer for photosensitive resin and image forming method using the same, color filter and method for producing the same, and display device | |
| JPH0777683A (en) | Emulsion composition and liquid crystal element formed by using the composition | |
| JPH0439627A (en) | Liquid crystal display element | |
| JPH02269318A (en) | Production of oriented film for ferroelectric liquid crystal element |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20080216 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090216 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database) |
Year of fee payment: 8 Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090216 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100216 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database) |
Year of fee payment: 10 Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110216 |
|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |