JPH0524453A - Power train structure of vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable positioning of a differential just ahead of an engine when a front midship type vehicle with an engine of transverse type is constructed. CONSTITUTION:A transmission 12 is positioned on a transverse engine 7 at the rear of a vehicle body side. The transmission 12 is of a two shaft type comprising an upper shaft 12a and a lower shaft 12b. Then a large diameter clutch 13 is positioned on the lower shaft 12b. Accordingly, any large device is not present at the forward portion of a crankshaft 8 of an engine 7, and a differential 15 can be positioned just ahead of the engine 7. In this case, the engine 7 is inclined in the longitudinal direction of a vehicle body, and the center of gravity of a power train can be set at lower position.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a powertrain structure for a vehicle, and more particularly to an improvement of a powertrain structure for a front wheel provided in an engine room.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a power train structure for a vehicle of this type, as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-313630, an engine is installed in the engine room at the front of the vehicle body, and the crankshaft of the engine is the vehicle width. It is arranged horizontally so as to extend in the direction, and at the rear of the vehicle body of the engine,
By disposing the transmission so that the crankshaft of the engine and the axis thereof are parallel to each other, and further by disposing the differential for the wheels below the transmission, these powertrains are arranged in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body and the vehicle width direction. The transmission is compactly arranged in a shortened form, and the transmission is constructed by a two-shaft type having two shafts arranged vertically, and a clutch is arranged on a shaft located above the transmission to increase its height. It is known to raise the position so that the clutch does not interfere with the front axle located below it.

[0003]

However, in the above-mentioned prior art, the engine is located in front of the differential, and a large-diameter clutch is arranged on the upper shaft of the transmission to increase its height position. However, there is a drawback that the load acting on the front wheels becomes large, resulting in a so-called front heavy.

Therefore, for example, a differential may be arranged in front of the engine body to form a so-called front midship type vehicle. In this case, when a large-diameter clutch is arranged on the crankshaft of the engine, the clutch Since the axle cannot be arranged at the existing portion, the distance between the differential and the engine becomes too long, which is not preferable in terms of power transmission.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a front midship type vehicle in a power train structure in which a transversely mounted engine and a transmission are arranged in parallel in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body. The differential and the engine are arranged such that the distance between them can be arranged close to each other. In that case, the positions of the exhaust pipe and the steering rack are appropriately set.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, in the invention according to the present application, a clutch or a torque converter is appropriately positioned so that the differential and the engine can be arranged at close positions. Deploy.

That is, the concrete solution of the invention according to claim 1 is that the engine is disposed horizontally in the engine room at the front of the vehicle body, and the transmission is provided at the rear of the engine. It is assumed that the vehicle has a powertrain structure in which the axis is parallel to the crankshaft. Then, to the transmission, a clutch or a torque converter for transmitting power from the engine to the transmission.
And a differential is arranged in front of the vehicle body of the engine.

Further, claim 2, claim 3, and claim 4
The invention described in the above has all the constitutions of the invention described in claim 1, and in the invention described in claim 2, the transmission is a two-shaft type in which the shafts are arranged in two rows in the vertical direction of the vehicle body. However, a clutch or a torque converter is arranged on the shaft located below the two-shaft transmission. Further, in the invention according to claim 3, the engine is arranged to be inclined rearward of the vehicle body, and in the invention according to claim 4, the engine is arranged to be inclined forwardly of the vehicle body.

In addition, the invention according to claim 5 has all the features of the invention according to claim 4, and the engine is arranged such that the exhaust port of the engine is located on the front side of the vehicle body. Connect the exhaust pipe communicating with the exhaust port from the space above the differential to the clutch or torque converter.
It is arranged so as to extend rearward of the vehicle body through a space below the switch.

Further, according to the invention of claim 6, all the configurations of the invention of claim 5 are provided, and the steering rack is arranged in front of the differential as viewed from the side of the vehicle.

[0011]

With the above construction, in the invention according to claim 1,
The differential is placed in front of the engine body to form a front midship type vehicle. In this case, a clutch or torque converter is arranged for the transmission located at the rear of the engine body opposite to the position of the differential, and these clutches, etc. are compared to the case where they are arranged on the crankshaft of the engine. Since the differential is located at a position relatively separated from the differential, the differential is arranged close to the engine side. Therefore,
The length of the power train in the front-rear direction of the vehicle is shortened, and the power transmission path from the engine to the front wheels is shortened to reduce power loss.

In this case, according to the second aspect of the invention, in particular, since the large-diameter clutch is arranged with respect to the lower shaft of the two-shaft transmission, the height position thereof becomes low, Therefore, the center of gravity of the power train is set lower. Also,
According to the third aspect of the invention, the center of gravity of the engine and the clutch is further lowered because the engine is inclined rearward of the vehicle body, so that the center of gravity of the power train can be set lower and the height position of the bonnet can be lowered. Further, in the invention according to claim 4, the center of gravity of the power train can be set lower because the engine is inclined forward of the vehicle body.

Further, in the invention according to claim 5, an empty space is formed below the clutch and the like because the engine is inclined toward the front of the vehicle body, but the exhaust pipe extends downward from the exhaust port side. , When viewed from the side of the vehicle, it goes through the space above the differential to the empty space below the clutch, etc., and then extends to the rear of the vehicle, so when the exhaust pipe is normally extended below the differential to the rear of the vehicle, On the other hand, the length of the exhaust pipe can be shortened, the thermal influence from the exhaust pipe to the differential is almost eliminated, and the differential function is well ensured. In this case, since the exhaust pipe passes from above the differential to the rear side of the vehicle body, an empty space is created in front of the differential with respect to the vehicle body. In the invention according to claim 6, the steering rack is arranged in this empty space. Therefore, the steering rack can be easily arranged close to the axle without being hindered by the exhaust pipe.

[0014]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, since the clutch or the torque converter is arranged for the transmission arranged in parallel behind the transverse engine, the clutch having the large diameter is used. It is possible to provide a front midship type vehicle in which the differential is arranged immediately before the engine without being disturbed by the above. In this case, in particular, according to the second aspect of the invention, since the large-diameter clutch and the like are arranged with respect to the lower shaft of the two-shaft transmission, the center of gravity of the power train can be lowered and the vehicle The drivability can be improved. Further, according to the inventions of claims 3 and 4, since the engine is tilted forward or backward of the vehicle body, the center of gravity of the power train can be further lowered, and the drivability of the vehicle can be improved.

According to the fifth aspect of the invention, when the engine is tilted to the front of the vehicle body, the exhaust port is arranged on the front side of the vehicle body, and the exhaust pipe is connected to the clutch or the torque converter from above the differential. Since it is extended to the rear of the vehicle body through the empty space below, the exhaust pipe length can be shortened, and the thermal influence from the exhaust pipe to the differential can be almost eliminated to improve its reliability. Further, in this case, according to the invention of claim 6, since the steering rack is arranged in the space generated in front of the differential body, the steering rack can be arranged close to the front axle.
The effect that the front wheels can be steered accurately and satisfactorily can be obtained.

[0016]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

1 and 2 show a first embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a hood that forms a part of the vehicle body, 2 is a dash panel,
Due to the engine room 3
However, a vehicle compartment 4 is formed on the opposite side.

Inside the engine room 3, a radiator 6 is arranged on the front side of the vehicle body, and an engine 7 is arranged behind it. The engine 7 has its crankshaft 8
Is horizontally disposed in the vehicle width direction, and is also inclined rearward of the vehicle body. Further, the engine 7 is arranged such that an intake port 9 is located on the front side of the vehicle body and an exhaust port 10 is located on the rear side of the vehicle body.

A two-shaft transmission 12 having two shafts 12a and 12b is arranged on the rear side of the engine 7 and a differential 15 is arranged on the front side of the vehicle. On the lower shaft 12b of the transmission 12,
A large-diameter clutch 13 is arranged, and the clutch 13 and the crankshaft 8 of the engine 7 are linked by a chain 14 wound around them, and when the clutch 13 is engaged, the power of the engine 7 is cranked. The transmission is transmitted from the shaft 8 to the lower shaft 12b of the transmission 12, and the transmission of the power is cut off when the clutch 13 is released. The left and right front wheels W are connected to the differential 15 via a front axle 16.

As shown in FIG. 1, the specific layout of the power train is as follows. The upper side of the transmission 12 is located behind the vehicle body and at substantially the same height with respect to the axis P1 of the crankshaft 8 of the engine 7. The shaft center P2 of the shaft 12a is set, and the shaft center P3 of the lower shaft 12b of the transmission 12 is set below the shaft center P2 of the upper shaft 12a and at the same position in the front and rear of the vehicle body. Also, the shaft center P4 of the differential 15
Is set at a height position slightly below the axis P3 of the lower shaft 12b of the transmission 12.

Next, the structure and connection relationship of the power train will be described with reference to the skeleton diagram of FIG.

In the figure, a drive sprocket 25 is rotatably connected to one end of a crankshaft 8 of an engine 7, while a lower shaft 12b of a transmission 12 is provided with an intermediate shaft 12c. The driven sprocket 26 is connected to the sprocket 2 so as to rotate together.
The chain 14 is wound around 5, and 26. Further, in the lower shaft 12b of the transmission 12, the clutch 1 is provided at an end portion on the driven sprocket 26 side.
3 are connected. The clutch 13 is rotatably integrated with a support disc 13a that is rotatably connected to the intermediate shaft 12c of the transmission 12, and is disposed so as to face the support disc 13a. Clutch disc 13b and the clutch disc 13
and a pressure plate 13c for pressing b to the support disk 13a.

A transmission gear train 30 is arranged between the upper shaft 12a and the lower shaft 12b of the transmission 12. Further, the output gear 31 is arranged on the lower shaft 12b,
The rotation of the output gear 31 is transmitted to the bevel gear type differential 15 via the propeller shaft 32. The differential 15 divides the power into left and right parts and transmits the power to the left and right front wheels W via the axles 16, 16, respectively.

1 and 2, 39 is an exhaust manifold connected to the exhaust port 10 located on the rear side of the vehicle body of the engine 7, and 40 is communicatively connected to a collecting portion 39a of the exhaust manifold 39. The exhaust pipe 40 includes an upper shaft 12a and a lower shaft 12b of the transmission 12.
After extending diagonally downward of the vehicle along the rear side of the vehicle, the vehicle is arranged horizontally extending rearward of the vehicle, and an exhaust gas purification device 41 is provided in the middle thereof.

A surge tank 43 is arranged on the front side of the intake port 9 of the engine 7 in the vehicle body, and a throttle valve unit 44 is arranged on the side of the surge tank 43 in the vehicle body. Is connected to a collective intake pipe 45. Below the surge tank 43, a plurality (4) of independent intake passages 46 corresponding to each cylinder are provided.
Are connected to the intake ports 9 of the cylinders of the engine 7 by bending the respective independent intake passages 46 toward the rear of the vehicle body. Further, in FIG. 1, 47 is a fuel injection valve arranged in each independent intake passage 46.

Therefore, in the above embodiment, the vehicle is a front mittship type vehicle in which the engine 7 is located behind the differential 15 in the vehicle body. In this case, since the large-diameter clutch 13 is arranged with respect to the transmission 12 positioned behind the vehicle body of the engine 7, the differential 15 can be arranged immediately in front of the engine 7, and the vehicle body of the power train can be arranged. The length in the front-rear direction can be shortened, and the power transmission path can be shortened, so that power transmission loss can be reduced. Moreover, since the clutch 13, which is a heavy object, is arranged on the lower shaft 12b of the transmission 13, the center of gravity of the power train can be set low. Furthermore, since the engine 7 is inclined rearward of the vehicle body, the center of gravity of the power train can be set lower, and the position of the uppermost end of the engine 7 can be lowered, so that the height position of the bonnet 1 can be set lower accordingly. .

4 and 5 show a second embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the positions of the intake pipe and the exhaust pipe are set at positions opposite to those in the above-mentioned embodiment.

That is, in the figure, the engine 7'is
An intake port 9'on the rear side of the vehicle body and an exhaust port 9'on the front side of the vehicle body.
10 'are located respectively. The surge tank 43 'is disposed obliquely above and behind the engine 7', and the plurality of independent intake pipes 46 'connected to the lower portion of the surge tank 43' extend downward in the vehicle body and then bend forward in the vehicle body. It communicates with the intake port 9 '. On the other hand, the exhaust pipe 40 '
Has one end connected to the exhaust manifold 39 'extending to the left side of the engine 7', extending above the clutch 13 toward the rear of the vehicle body, and further bent toward the vehicle rear side along the vehicle rear side of the clutch 13, Furthermore, it extends to the rear of the vehicle body. Since other configurations are the same as those in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the same reference numerals are given to the same portions and the description thereof will be omitted.

Therefore, also in this embodiment, the same effect as the above embodiment is obtained, and the exhaust pipe 40 ′ is arranged by utilizing the empty space above the clutch 13, so that the exhaust pipe is separated by the differential 15 The exhaust pipe length can be shortened as compared with the case where the exhaust pipe is passed below.

6 and 7 show a third embodiment. Although the engine 7 is tilted rearward in the vehicle body in the first embodiment, the tilt direction is changed in this embodiment.

That is, in FIG. 6, the engine 7 '' is arranged so as to be inclined forward of the vehicle body. With this forward inclination, the shaft center P3 of the lower shaft 12b of the transmission 12 is set at the same height as the shaft center P4 of the crankshaft 8. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a gear 50 that meshes with the lower shaft 12b of the transmission 12 is provided below the lower shaft 12b.
Is arranged, and its axis P5 is set at substantially the same height as the axis P4 of the differential 15, and the gear 50 and the differential 15 are linked by the propeller shaft 32 ″. Further, the surge tank 43 ″ is arranged at a position diagonally above and above the vehicle body of the engine 7 ″.

Therefore, also in this embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the clutch 13 is arranged on the lower shaft 12b of the transmission 12 at the rear of the vehicle body of the engine 7 '', so that the differential 15 is connected to the engine 7 The large-diameter clutch 13 does not get in the way when it is arranged in front of the vehicle body of '', so that it can be arranged immediately in front of the engine 7 ''. Moreover, the height position of the bonnet 1 can be set lower because the engine 7 ″ is tilted toward the front of the vehicle body.

FIGS. 8, 9 and 10 show a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the intake port is different from that of the third embodiment.
The positions of the exhaust port and the exhaust port are different.

That is, in the figure, the engine 7 '"is arranged so that the intake port 9'" is located on the rear side of the vehicle body and the exhaust port 10 "'is located on the front side of the vehicle body. . The independent intake passage 46 '''communicating with the intake port 9''' extends rearward of the vehicle body and then extends upward to communicate with a lower portion of the surge tank 43 '''. On the other hand, the exhaust pipe 40 '''communicating with the exhaust port 10''' has a structure in which the engine 7 '''leans forward of the vehicle body and an empty space 52 is formed below the clutch 13 so that the engine 7''''After extending to the left, clutch 13
It passes through the empty space 52 below and advances in the vehicle width direction immediately behind the transmission 12 and further extends rearward of the vehicle body.

As shown in FIG. 8, when viewed from the side of the vehicle body, a steering rack 53 is arranged in front of the differential 15 with respect to the vehicle body.
As shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, the steering wheel 54 in the vehicle interior 4 is linked via a steering shaft 54 arranged horizontally in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body, and a steering rod 56 arranged in the lateral direction of the vehicle body. Wheel W
Is linked to. The steering shaft 54 is
As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, a portion below the engine 7 '''where the oil pan 7a is not provided extends horizontally in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body. Further, the propeller shaft 32 '''is arranged in the vehicle front-rear direction in a recess 56 in which the oil pan 7a of the engine 7''' is recessed upward as shown in FIG.

Therefore, in this embodiment, in addition to the effects of the third embodiment, the exhaust pipe 40 '''is rearwardly of the vehicle body from the left side of the engine 7''' through the empty space below the clutch 13. Since it extends to the rear, the exhaust pipe length can be shortened as compared with the case where the exhaust pipe is extended below the engine 7 ′ ″ and passed under the differential 15 and directed toward the rear of the vehicle as usual. The heat of the exhaust pipe 40 ″ ′ is prevented from being radiated to the differential 15 and exerting a thermal influence on the differential 15, so that the reliability of the differential 15 can be excellently secured.

In the above description, the engines 7 to 7 '''
The clutch 20 as an element for transmitting the power of the transmission to the transmission 12.
Although a torque converter is used, it is of course possible to use a torque converter.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of an arrangement position of a power train showing a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a skeleton diagram of a power train.

FIG. 4 is a side view of an arrangement position of a power train showing a second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 6 is a side view of an arrangement position of a power train showing a third embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a skeleton diagram of the power train.

FIG. 8 is a side view of an arrangement position of a power train showing a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view seen from the rear of the vehicle body.

[Explanation of symbols]

3 engine room 7-7 '' 'engine 8 crankshaft 10 ~ 10 '' 'Exhaust port 12 gearbox 12a Upper shaft 12b Lower shaft 15 differential W front wheel 20 clutch 40-40 "'exhaust pipe 53 steering rack 54 Steering shaft

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Naoji Masuda             3-1, Shinchi, Fuchu-cho, Aki-gun, Hiroshima Prefecture Mazda             Within the corporation

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. An engine is laterally arranged in an engine room at the front of a vehicle body, and a transmission is arranged rearwardly of the engine body with its axis parallel to the crankshaft of the engine. The transmission is provided with a clutch or a torque converter for transmitting power from the engine to the transmission, and the vehicle power is characterized in that a differential is provided in front of the engine body. Train structure. 2. A transmission is constituted by a two-shaft type which is arranged in a vertical direction of a vehicle body, and a clutch or a torque converter is arranged on a shaft located below the two-shaft transmission. The powertrain structure for a vehicle according to claim 1. 3. The powertrain structure for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the engine is arranged so as to be inclined rearward of the vehicle body. 4. The powertrain structure for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the engine is arranged so as to be inclined forward of the vehicle body. 5. The engine is arranged such that an exhaust port is located on the front side of the vehicle body, and an exhaust pipe communicating with the exhaust port is connected to a clutch or a torque converter from a space above the differential. The powertrain structure for a vehicle according to claim 4, wherein the powertrain structure is arranged so as to extend rearward of the vehicle body through a lower space. 6. The powertrain structure for a vehicle according to claim 5, wherein a steering rack is arranged in front of the differential body when viewed from the side of the vehicle body.