JPH05239971A - Hinge device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To facilitate coupling and dismantlement of hinge members with/from each other. CONSTITUTION:Bearings 14 are fitted by pressure in shaft holes 12, 13 in the second hinge member 3, and a washer 9 is installed at the nicked part of a shaft 4, which is threaded from above in an insert hole 7, upper and lower bearing 14, and another insert hole 8. Another washer 10 is installed at the bottom of the shaft 4, and a nut 17 is fastened. Because the washers and the insert holes 7, 8 are formed in such a taper as thinning toward the foremost of insertion, threading and removal of the shaft 4 are easy, which simplifies coupling and dismantling works for the two hinge members 2, 3. Fastening of the nut 17 generates automatic center alignment of the shaft 4, and further fastening corrects rattles of the bearings 14.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hinge device applied to, for example, an opening / closing door attached to the body of an automobile, and more particularly to a hinge device capable of separating both hinge members by pulling out a shaft.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a hinge device for an automobile door connects a first hinge member and a second hinge member inseparably with a shaft, and the hinge device is welded or screwed to a door and a vehicle body. The method of fixing is adopted.

However, in this type of hinge device, the method of fixing by welding has a problem that the hinge device cannot be reused when the door is removed.

On the other hand, in the case of the screwing method, the hinge device can be removed by removing the screw, but it is difficult to replace the wear parts such as the bearing and the shaft of the hinge device.

Further, in the production line of automobiles, a method of removing the door once attached to the vehicle body and then re-attaching it is adopted. At that time, positioning with respect to the vehicle body, dimensional accuracy,
Reliability such as strength cannot be guaranteed.

In particular, the door positioning has a delicate dimensional tolerance for each vehicle body on the production line, and the door positioning is finely adjusted for each vehicle body. Therefore, in the hinge device with an integral structure, even if it is a screw-fastened type,
Many of the hinge devices are welded to the vehicle body or door so that the mounting dimensions do not change later.

Therefore, recently, there has been proposed a hinge device having a structure in which the first hinge member is fixed to the door, the second hinge member is fixed to the vehicle body, and both hinge members are connected to each other by a detachable shaft. ing.

In this type of hinge device, by removing the shaft, both hinge members can be disassembled while being fixed to the vehicle body and the door, so that the work of temporarily installing the door on the vehicle body is easy and the door is mounted on the vehicle body. After mounting, by adjusting the tightening of the hinge device mounting screws,
It has the advantage that the final positioning of the door can also be adjusted.

However, in the case of an automobile, the hinge device requires at least two upper and lower parts for one door, and the gap between the shaft and the insertion hole is less than 5/100 mm so that the door does not hang down. There is a need to. Therefore, the conventional hinge device has a problem that it is not easy to insert the shaft into the shaft holes of both hinge members, and it takes a lot of time to attach the door.

Therefore, in some cases, for example, West German Patent 313
As disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 7112, the end portion of the insertion hole of either one of the hinge members is processed into a taper surface or a hemispherical surface, and a part of the shaft is provided with this taper surface. It has been proposed to form a surface that conforms to a hemispherical surface and align both of these surfaces for centering.

[0011]

In the conventional hinge device described above, the taper surface and the hemispherical surface provided on the end of the insertion hole and a part of the shaft are made to coincide with each other. By doing so, the center can be taken out, so that even if the gap between the shaft and the insertion hole is large, the door does not hang down, and therefore, there is an advantage that the door can be attached very easily. There is a problem that the structure of the end portion of the insertion hole and the shaft becomes complicated and the number of processing steps increases.

Particularly, the taper surface and the hemispherical surface portion are
Since high precision is required, press processing cannot be performed and cutting must be performed, which results in poor productivity and a large cost increase. In addition, when the step portion of the shaft is formed by cutting, the fiber structure is cut, so that there is a problem that the stress is likely to be broken when concentrated.

Further, in the conventional hinge device, since the shaft is rotatably supported by the bearing press-fitted to one of the hinge members, it is necessary to replace the shaft due to wear or damage of the bearing. However, there is also a problem that the replacement work is not easy and the hole diameter is easily changed or the hole is easily deformed when the bearing hinge member is pulled out from the hole.

The present invention has been made in view of the present situation, and it is extremely easy to connect and separate the hinge members to each other, and the centering can be performed easily.
In addition, the structure of the shaft is simplified to improve productivity,
Moreover, it is an object of the present invention to provide a hinge device that can prevent breakage of a shaft.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a hinge device which can be easily replaced when the bearing is replaced due to wear or damage.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a hinge device capable of reliably preventing the bearing from rotating in the shaft hole even when the bearing is structured to be removable.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a hinge device which can easily form a rotation preventing means and can obtain a reliable rotation preventing effect.

[0018]

The first invention of the present invention is as follows:
As a means for achieving the above object, the shaft attached to the first hinge member is inserted into the shaft hole of the second hinge member, and the shaft is supported by the bearing mounted in the shaft hole, and the shaft is attached to the shaft. In a hinge device capable of separating both hinge members by pulling out from the hole, a washer member having a flange-shaped stopper portion and a cylindrical insertion portion is attached to the shaft, and the insertion portion of the washer member is attached. Is inserted into the insertion hole of the first hinge member, and at least a part of the outer peripheral surface of the insertion portion is formed into a taper surface, a curved surface or a stepped surface having a small diameter toward the insertion tip, and the insertion is performed. It is characterized in that the hole has a shape following this.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the shaft attached to the first hinge member is inserted into the shaft hole of the second hinge member, and the shaft is attached by the bearing attached to the shaft hole. In a hinge device in which both hinge members are separable by supporting and pulling the shaft out of the shaft hole, the bearing is removably mounted in the shaft hole, and at least a part of the outer peripheral surface of the bearing is inserted. The taper surface, the curved surface or the stepped surface having a smaller diameter toward the
The feature is that the shape is made to follow this.

In the second aspect of the present invention,
At least one of the inner surface of the shaft hole, the outer surface of the second hinge member and the bearing is preferably provided with a detent means for detenting the bearing within the shaft hole.

Further, it is more preferable to coat the bearing with a ceramic material powdered into crushed particles to form a rotation stopping means.

[0022]

In the hinge device according to the first aspect of the present invention, the washer member is mounted on the shaft, and the insertion portion of the washer member is inserted into the insertion hole of the first hinge member together with the shaft.

By the way, at least a part of the outer peripheral surface of the insertion portion has a taper surface whose diameter decreases toward the insertion tip,
Since it is formed on a curved surface or a stepped surface, and the insertion hole has a shape that follows this, it is easier to insert and remove the shaft compared to inserting the shaft into the insertion hole of the straight It becomes easy to put on and take off. Further, depending on the shape of the outer peripheral surface of the insertion portion and the shape of the insertion hole, if the insertion portion is inserted into the insertion hole, the shaft will automatically move toward the center, which makes it easy to center the shaft. Further, when the bearing wears and rattling occurs, it is possible to correct the rattling by further tightening the nut for fixing the shaft.

Further, in the hinge device according to the second aspect of the present invention, the bearing is detachably mounted in the shaft hole of the second hinge member. Therefore, when the bearing needs to be replaced due to wear or damage, the replacement work becomes extremely easy. Moreover, at least a part of the outer peripheral surface of the bearing is formed into a tapered surface, a curved surface or a stepped surface having a smaller diameter toward the insertion tip, and the shaft hole has a shape following this. Therefore, as compared with the case where the shaft is inserted into the bearing press-fitted and fixed in the shaft hole, the shaft and the bearing can be easily attached and detached, and the door and the like can be easily attached and detached.

Further, depending on the shape of the outer peripheral surface of the bearing and the shape of the shaft hole, if the bearing is mounted in the shaft hole together with the shaft, the shaft will automatically move to the center, so that the centering of the shaft is easy and It is possible to stabilize the mounting state of the bearing in the shaft hole.

Further, in the second aspect of the present invention, by providing the anti-rotation means, it is possible to surely prevent the anti-rotation in the shaft hole of the bearing.

Further, by coating the bearing with a ceramic material powdered into crushed particles to form a detent means, a reliable detent effect can be obtained only by inserting the bearing into the shaft hole.

[0028]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 show a hinge device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The hinge device 1 is, for example, a female first hinge member 2 attached to a vehicle body (not shown) of an automobile.
And a male second hinge member 3 attached to, for example, an automobile door (not shown), and a shaft 4 connecting these hinge members 2 and 3 in a separable manner.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the first hinge member 2 is provided with a vehicle body mounting hole 5 and a centering guide pin 6 for mounting the vehicle body, respectively, so that it can be stably mounted on the vehicle body. It has become.

As shown in FIG. 1, the upper and lower ends of the tip of the first hinge member 2 are provided with insertion holes 7 and 8 in the form of taper holes which gradually decrease in diameter. Washer members 9 and 10, which will be described in detail later, are attached to the respective insertion holes 7 and 8 from the outside.

On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the second hinge member 3 has a door mounting hole 11 at its base end and is horizontally inserted into the first hinge member 2. Shaft holes 11 and 12 corresponding to the insertion holes 7 and 8 are provided at the upper and lower ends of the tip, respectively,
A bearing 14 that rotatably supports the shaft 4 is press-fitted and fixed to the shaft holes 11 and 12 from the outside in advance.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the shaft 4 is formed in a straight shape having substantially the same diameter at various places, and a hexagonal bolt head 15 is integrally provided at the upper end thereof. At the same time, a male screw portion 16 is provided at the lower end. A nut 17 that is processed to prevent loosening is attached to the male thread portion 16.

As shown in FIG. 1, the shaft 4 also has a crease 18 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the portion where the washer member 9 immediately below the hexagonal bolt head 15 is mounted. The lines 18 prevent the rotation.

The washer members 12 and 13 are shown in FIG.
As shown in (a) and (b), it is composed of a flange-shaped stopper portion 19 and a cylindrical insertion portion 20 which is inserted into each of the insertion holes 7 and 8, and an outer peripheral surface of the insertion portion 20. Is formed on a taper surface whose diameter is gradually reduced toward the insertion tips into the insertion holes 7 and 8, and when it is inserted into the insertion holes 7 and 8, the tape comes into close contact with the inner surface thereof.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.
When assembling the hinge device 1, first, the second hinge member 3
Bearings 14 are press-fitted and fixed into the shaft holes 12 and 13 at the tips from the outside, respectively, and a washer member 9 is attached to a position directly below the hexagonal bolt head 15 of the shaft 4 to form a score line 18.
To stop the rotation.

Then, the tip of the second hinge member 3 is horizontally inserted into the tip of the first hinge member 2 so that the insertion holes 7 and 8 and the bearing 14 are aligned with each other. After that, the shaft 4 is inserted, and the nut 17 is screwed into the male screw portion 16 at the lower end of the shaft 4 via the washer member 10 and tightened.

By the way, at this time, the insertion hole 7 is a taper hole whose diameter is gradually reduced toward the bearing 14 so that the shaft 4 can be easily guided to the bearing 14, while the insertion hole 8 is formed. Since the hole diameter is enlarged by the insertion portion 20 of the washer member 10, the shaft 4 can be easily inserted. Moreover, if the nut 17 is tightened, each washer member 9, 1
The insertion portion 20 of 0 is inserted into the insertion holes 7 and 8, whereby the shaft 4 automatically moves toward the center, so that the shaft 4 can be easily centered. Further, when the bearing 14 is worn and rattling occurs, it can be corrected by tightening the nut 17.

On the other hand, when disassembling the assembled hinge device 1, first, the nut 17 is loosened, the nut 17 and the washer member 10 are removed, and the shaft 4 is pulled out upward.
This makes it possible to separate the hinge members 2 and 3 from each other.

By the way, at this time, the insertion hole 8 is a taper hole whose diameter is gradually reduced toward the bearing 14, and has a shape which facilitates guiding the male screw portion 16 to the bearing 14, while
Since the diameter of the insertion hole 7 is enlarged by the insertion portion 20 of the washer member 9, the shaft 4 can be easily pulled out.

In the first embodiment, the insertion portion 20 of the washer members 9 and 10 and the insertion holes 7 and 8 are tapered.
Although the case of being formed on the flat surface has been described, a curved surface or a stepped surface may be used as long as the shape has a diameter that decreases toward the insertion tip. Further, the anti-rotation means is not limited to the streak 18, and the washer members 9, 10 and the insertion holes 7, 8 may be roughened to serve as the anti-rotation means.

According to the first embodiment, however, the hinge members 2 and 3 are very easily connected and separated from each other, the shaft 4 is easily centered, and the straight shaft is formed. Since 4 can be used, manufacturing is easy and breakage can be prevented.

By the way, in the first embodiment, since the bearing 14 is press-fitted into the shaft holes 12 and 13,
Replacing the bearing 14 is not easy.

FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the present invention in which the bearings can be easily replaced. This hinge device 101 has an upper piece 102a and a lower piece 102b, for example, the body of an automobile (not shown). First hinge member 102 attached to
And a second hinge member 103 that has an upper piece 103a and a lower piece 103b and is attached to, for example, a door (not shown) of an automobile.

The upper piece 102a of the first hinge member 102
As shown in FIG. 4, an upper shaft 104 having substantially the same diameter is fixedly installed at various places in the upper shaft.
A bearing 105 is rotatably mounted on the outer peripheral portion of No. 4, and a ring groove 106 is provided on the upper end portion of the upper shaft 104. Then, this ring groove 106
After inserting the upper shaft 104 into the shaft hole 107 formed in the upper piece 103a of the second hinge member 103,
An E-ring 108 is attached to prevent the upper shaft 104 from coming off.

On the other hand, the lower piece 1 of the second hinge member 103
As shown in FIG. 4, a lower shaft 109 having a substantially same diameter is fixedly installed at 03b in a downward direction, and a bearing 110 is rotatably mounted on an outer peripheral portion of the lower shaft 109. Then, the lower shaft 109 and the bearing 1
10 is inserted into the shaft hole 111 formed in the lower piece 102b of the first hinge member 102 from the upper surface side.

The bearings 105 and 110 are shown in FIG.
As shown in (b), the flange-shaped stopper portion 112
And a cylindrical insertion portion 113 that is inserted into each of the shaft holes 107 and 111. The outer peripheral surface of the insertion portion 113 is gradually reduced in diameter toward the insertion tip into each of the shaft holes 107 and 111. Is formed on the taper surface, and the inner peripheral surfaces of the bearings 105 and 110 are formed as sliding surfaces 114.

On the other hand, the shaft holes 107 and 111 are
As shown in FIG. 4, a taper hole shape is formed in accordance with the outer surface shape of each insertion portion 113, and the bearing 1 is formed on the inner peripheral surface thereof.
Lines 115 for preventing the rotation of 05 and 110 are provided.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.
When assembling the hinge device 101, first, each shaft 1
The bearings 105 and 110 are attached to 04 and 109,
Then, as shown in FIG.
7, 111. Then, an E ring 108 is attached to the ring groove 106 at the upper end of the upper shaft 104 to prevent the E shaft 108 from coming off.

On the other hand, when disassembling the hinge device 101 in the assembled state, first, the E-ring 108 is removed, and then the hinge members 102 and 103 are moved relative to each other in the direction in which the shafts 104 and 109 are extracted from the shaft holes 107 and 111. To move. As a result, the hinge members 102 and 103 are separated.

By using the hinge device 101, however, the bearings 105 and 110 can be replaced very easily, and the second hinge member 103 can be connected to the first hinge member 102 even if it is slightly inclined. Therefore, each work of connection and separation is extremely easy. Moreover,
The shafts 104 and 109 have shaft holes 107 and 111, respectively.
When the shafts 104 and 109 are completely inserted, the shafts 104 and 109 are automatically drawn to the center due to the outer surface shapes of the bearings 105 and 110 and the inner surface shapes of the shaft holes 107 and 111. Is easy.

Further, since the shafts 104 and 109 are formed in a straight shape, they can be easily processed and can be effectively prevented from being broken.

In the second embodiment, the case where the E-ring 108 is used to prevent the slip-off is explained.
A female screw portion or a male screw portion may be provided at the upper end of the upper shaft 104, and a bolt or nut that has been subjected to a loosening prevention process or a rotation prevention process may be attached to this screw part to prevent the screw from coming off.

In the second embodiment, the bearings 105, 110 have been described as the case where the bearings 105, 110 are prevented from rotating by the lines 115 provided on the inner peripheral surfaces of the shaft holes 107, 111. You may make it provide a rotation stop means.

FIGS. 6 to 10 respectively show bearings having such a rotation stopping means, which will be described below.

The bearing 120 shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b) is
It is composed of a flange-shaped stopper portion 121 and a cylindrical insertion portion 122 which is inserted into each of the shaft holes 107 and 111 shown in FIG. 4, and the outer peripheral surface of the insertion portion 122 is gradually contracted toward the insertion tip. 6B is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the insertion portion 122 while being formed on the tapered taper surface.
As shown in FIG. 7, a streak 123 for preventing rotation is formed. Further, the inner peripheral surface of the bearing 120 is a sliding surface 124 having the same diameter except for the chamfer of the inlet.

Further, the bearing 13 shown in FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b)
0 is composed of a flange-shaped stopper portion 131 and an insertion portion 132 whose outer peripheral surface has a concave spherical shape whose diameter gradually decreases toward the insertion tip. As shown in (b), satin finish 1 for rotation prevention
33 has been applied. Further, the inner peripheral surface of the bearing 130 is a sliding surface 134 having the same diameter except for the chamfer of the inlet.

When using this bearing 130,
The inner peripheral surface of each shaft hole 107, 111 shown in FIG. 4 is also processed into a convex spherical shape that matches the outer peripheral surface shape of the insertion portion 132.

The bearing 140 shown in FIGS. 8 (a) and 8 (b) is
It is composed of a flange-shaped stopper portion 141 and an insertion portion 142, and the outer peripheral surface of the insertion portion 142 is composed of a taper surface that gradually reduces in diameter toward the insertion tip and a straight portion at the tip. , Is formed as a stepped surface. And
As shown in FIG. 8B, a satin finish 143 is applied to the taper portion of the stepped surface. In addition, the bearing 140
The inner peripheral surface of the sliding surface has the same diameter except for the chamfering of the inlet.
It is 4.

Even when this bearing 140 is used,
Similar to the bearing 130, each shaft hole 10 shown in FIG.
The inner peripheral surfaces of 7, 111 are processed into stepped surfaces that match the outer peripheral surface shape of the insertion portion 142.

The bearing 150 shown in FIGS. 9 (a) and 9 (b) is
A flange-shaped stopper portion 151 and an insertion portion 152 whose outer peripheral surface has a convex spherical shape whose diameter gradually decreases toward the tip end, and the outer peripheral surface of the insertion portion 152 has the shape shown in FIG.
As shown in (b), a satin finish 153 for rotation prevention is applied. Further, the inner peripheral surface of the bearing 150 is a sliding surface 154 having the same diameter except for the chamfer at the inlet.

Even when this bearing 150 is used,
Similar to the bearing 130, each shaft hole 10 shown in FIG.
The inner peripheral surfaces of 7, 111 are processed into a concave spherical shape that matches the outer peripheral surface shape of the insertion portion 152.

On the other hand, the bearing 1 shown in FIGS. 10 (a) and 10 (b)
The outer peripheral surface of the bearing 60 is formed in a cylindrical shape having a taper surface whose diameter gradually decreases toward the tip.
Unlike 30, 140 and 150, the structure does not have a stopper portion. Then, as shown in FIG. 10B, the outer peripheral surface of the bearing 160 is provided with streaks 16 for preventing rotation.
1 is formed. Further, the inner peripheral surface of the bearing 160 is a sliding surface 162 having the same diameter except for the chamfer of the inlet.

11 (a) to 11 (c) show the streak 12
3, 161 and satin finishes 133, 143, 153 are shown respectively, and FIG.
71, FIG. 11B shows the cross-sectional shape of the tooth trace 172, and FIG. 11C shows the cross-sectional shape of the satin finish 173. These are formed by cutting, sandblasting, etching, die pressing, or the like.

By the way, as the material of the bearing, high carbon chromium bearing steel, copper alloy, white metal type, or oil-impregnated bearing alloy is used. Recently, oil-impregnated bearing alloys are divided into bronze-based and iron-based alloys, and in order to further reduce the friction coefficient, fluororesin powder or fluororesin liquid impregnated, polyamide-based or polyimide-based resin is mixed. There is something.

Since these materials are generally made by sinter-bonding metal, the entire bearing has a uniform component, and not only the sliding surface supporting the shaft but also the outer peripheral surface exhibits the bearing effect. Therefore, in order to prevent the bearing from rotating, as shown in FIG.
5 must be provided, but since each bearing 120, 130, 140, 150, 160 shown in FIGS. 6 to 10 is provided with a rotation stopping means, the shaft holes 107, 1
It is possible to prevent the rotation without providing the creases 115 in 11. Further, in the case of the bearing 160 shown in FIG. 10, since there is no stopper portion, if the tightening force is increased, the amount of sinking of the bearing 160 into the shaft holes 107 and 111 is increased, and a large tightening effect is expected. it can.

Even in the case of the bearings 105 and 110 shown in FIG. 5, if the diameter of the stopper portion 112 is increased and a shaft integral with the loosening prevention bolt head (toothed bolt) is used, the streak 115 is omitted. Even if the bearing 105, 110
It is possible to stop the rotation.

By the way, each of the bearings 120, 130, 1
Reference numerals 40, 150, and 160 have a structure in which the surface is directly processed to serve as a detent means, but the bearing may also be coated with a ceramic material crushed into powder to serve as a detent means.

FIG. 12 shows an example of this type of bearing. This bearing 180 has a flange-shaped stopper portion 181.
And an insertion portion 182 having a taper surface whose outer peripheral surface gradually reduces in diameter toward the tip.
A coating layer 183 of ceramics is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the so as to form a rotation stopping means. Also, bearing 1
The inner peripheral surface of 80 is a sliding surface 184 having the same diameter except for the chamfer of the inlet.

Next, a method of forming the coating layer 183 will be described. First, in order to protect the bearing portion of the bearing 180 made of a material whose main component is bronze, iron, white metal or the like, the opening of the bearing 180 is opened by a jig using acid resistant silicon rubber or the like. And seal it with nitric acid (HNO
₃ ) 1: Immerse in a mixed acid of hydrochloric acid (Hcl) 5 for 10 to 30 seconds and etch the surface to make it rough.

Then, after thoroughly washing with water, drying with hot air,
A silica-based or alumina-based ceramic is coated. As an example of ceramics coating,
Toa Gosei Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd. "Aron ceramic coating C (trade name)" and "Aron ceramic D (trade name)" roller coating to about 10 ~ 50μm, at room temperature After leaving it for about 24 hours, it is heated and dehydrated at 90 ° C. for 2 hours, and further heated and cured at 150 ° C. for 1 hour or more to form a coating layer 183.

The "Aron ceramic D" is a ceramic adhesive containing alumina as a main component, and the "Aron ceramic coating C" is a silica-based coating agent.

Since the ceramic coating layer 183 has sufficient friction resistance, the bearing 18
A rotation stop of 0 can be reliably performed. Experiments by the present inventors have also confirmed that the rotation of the bearing 180 can be completely fixed only by mounting the bearing 180 in the taper hole.

The removal of the bearing 180 from the taper hole is extremely easy because the outer peripheral surface of the insertion portion 182 is a taper surface. This is the same even when the shape of the outer peripheral surface of the insertion portion 182 is as shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, for example. The coating layer 183 can also be formed by plasma spraying.

FIG. 13 shows a third embodiment of the present invention, which is applied to a hinge device made of die steel or casting. That is, as shown in FIG. 13, the hinge device 201 includes, for example, a first hinge member 202 attached to a vehicle body (not shown) of an automobile and a second hinge member 202 attached to a door (not shown) of the automobile, for example. 203, and a shaft 204 connecting these hinge members 202, 203 in a separable manner.

As shown in FIG. 13, the shaft 204 is provided with a line 205 for preventing rotation at a position directly below the upper end flange.
The shaft 204 is formed in a straight shape having substantially the same diameter at various places.
It is fixed through the mounting hole 206 provided at the upper side from above.

On the other hand, the first hinge member 202 is provided with a shaft hole 207, as shown in FIG. 13, and the shaft 204 is inserted into the shaft hole 207 and attached to the shaft hole 207. A bearing 208 is rotatably supported. At the tip of the shaft 204, the E-ring 20 for retaining
9 is attached.

The bearing 208 is shown in FIGS.
Either the bearing shown in FIG. 0 or the bearing shown in FIG. 12 can be used. However, since the shaft 204 has only one point, the diameter of the bearing 208 or the shaft 204 becomes large, and therefore the bearing 180 shown in FIG. Is being used. The other points are the same as those of the second embodiment, and the operation is the same.

Therefore, according to this embodiment, the second
The same effect as that of the embodiment can be expected.

FIG. 14 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention, and like the third embodiment, is applied to a hinge device made of die steel or casting. That is, as shown in FIG. 14, the hinge device 301 includes a first hinge member 302 attached to, for example, a vehicle body (not shown) of an automobile.
And a second hinge member 303 attached to, for example, a door (not shown) of an automobile, and both hinge members 302, 3
And a shaft 304 that detachably connects 03.

As shown in FIG. 14, the shaft 304 is formed in a straight shape having substantially the same diameter at various places, and the shaft 304 is provided so as to project downward from the second hinge member 303.

On the other hand, the first hinge member 302 is provided with a shaft hole 305 into which the shaft 304 is inserted, as shown in FIG.
5, a bearing 30 that rotatably supports the shaft 304.
6 is installed. An E-ring 307 for retaining is attached to the tip of the shaft 304.

The bearing 306, as shown in FIG.
It is composed of a flange-shaped stopper portion 308 and an insertion portion 309 whose diameter is gradually reduced toward the tip. The insertion portion 309 has a large diameter portion 309a, a taper portion 309b, and a small diameter portion 309c. Taper section 30 for facilitating insertion
9d and the outer peripheral surface is formed as a stepped surface. A streak 310 for preventing rotation is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the large diameter portion 309a. The other points are the same as those of the second embodiment, and the operation is the same.

However, according to this embodiment, the second
The same effect as that of the embodiment can be expected.

In the fourth embodiment, the lines 3 are
Although the case where the bearing 306 is prevented from rotating by 10 has been described, it is also possible to apply satin finish to prevent the bearing from rotating as shown in FIGS. 7 to 9. Also, as shown in FIG. -It may be possible to prevent rotation by tinging.

A bearing 320 shown in FIG. 16 may be used in place of the bearing 306, and the shaft hole 3
When 05 is a taper hole, the bearing 330 shown in FIG. 17 or the bearing 340 shown in FIG. 18 can be used.

The bearing 320 shown in FIG. 16 comprises a flange-shaped stopper portion 321 and an insertion portion 322 whose diameter gradually decreases toward the tip. The insertion portion 322 includes a large diameter portion 322a and a taper. Pa part 322b and small diameter part 322c
And a taper portion 322d for facilitating insertion,
The outer peripheral surface is formed as a stepped surface. Then, by the lines 323 formed on the outer surface of the taper portion 322b and the rotation stopper 324 formed on the lower surface of the stopper portion 321,
The bearing 320 is prevented from rotating.

The bearing 330 shown in FIG. 17 is composed of a flange-shaped stopper portion 331 and an insertion portion 332 whose outer peripheral surface forms a taper surface whose diameter gradually decreases toward the tip. The stopper of 330 is the stopper part 3.
This is done by fixing the upper portion of 31 with a bolt (not shown) that is processed to prevent loosening.

On the other hand, the bearing 340 shown in FIG.
Similarly to the bearing 330 shown in FIG.
41 and an insertion portion 342 having a taper surface whose outer peripheral surface gradually reduces in diameter toward the tip. These are formed of an appropriate material such as an iron material or a copper alloy. The bearing material 343 is fixed to only part of the surface. The stopper 341 prevents the bearing 340 from rotating.
The rotation stopper 344 is formed on the lower surface of the.

Even if the bearings 320, 330 and 340 shown in FIGS. 16 to 18 are used, the same effect as that of the bearing 306 shown in FIG. 15 can be expected. Needless to say, satin finish or ceramics coating can be applied to the bearings 320, 330, 340 as the rotation stopping means.

The inventor of the present invention conducted load bearing experiments using the hinge devices 1, 101, 201 and 301 of the above-mentioned embodiments. Generally, an automobile door has a vertical load of 1135 kgf.
As described above, since it is required to endure a static test with a lateral load of 908 kgf or more, the same load was applied.

As a result, any of the hinge devices 1, 10
In the case of 1,201,301, it was proved that these loads can be sufficiently endured. Also, the hinge devices 1, 10
It has also been found that connecting and disassembling 1,201,301 is very easy. In particular, the hinge device 101 shown in FIG.
Has excellent workability, replaceability of parts, and durability, and it is possible to reduce the weight and improve the quality. As a result of the experiment, it was proved that the dimensional accuracy and the bearing life could be improved by about 10% and 30%, respectively, as compared with the conventional method.

In each of the above-mentioned embodiments, the case where the invention is applied to the door of the automobile has been described, but the invention can be applied to a hood, a trunk room and the like, and can be applied to other than the automobile.

[0093]

As described above, in the first aspect of the present invention, the washer member is attached to the shaft, and at least a part of the outer peripheral surface of the washer member has a small diameter toward the insertion tip. Since it is formed on a taper surface, a curved surface or a stepped surface and the insertion hole is shaped according to this, it is easy to connect and disassemble the hinge members without performing complicated processing on the shaft. The shaft can be centered easily.

In addition, the structure can be simplified to improve the productivity, the shaft can be prevented from being broken and the durability can be improved, and the rattling can be corrected.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the bearing is detachably mounted in the shaft hole, and at least a part of the outer peripheral surface of the bearing has a small diameter toward the insertion tip.
Formed on a curved surface, curved surface or stepped surface, and with a shaft hole,
Since the shape is made to follow this, the same effect as that of the first aspect of the invention can be obtained, and the replacement work is extremely easy when the bearing is replaced due to wear or damage.

In the second aspect of the present invention, at least one of the inner surface of the shaft hole, the outer surface of the second hinge member, and the bearing is a detent member for detenting the bearing in the shaft hole. By providing the means, it is possible to reliably prevent the rotation of the bearing within the shaft hole even when the bearing has a detachable structure.

Even if the outer peripheral surface of the bearing has a complicated shape, the bearing is coated with a ceramic material powdered into crushed particles to serve as a detent means. An anti-rotation means can be provided on the shaft, and a very stable and large anti-rotation effect can be obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a hinge device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG.

3A is a sectional view showing details of the washer member in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3B is a bottom view thereof.

FIG. 4 is an exploded view showing a hinge device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

5 (a) is a cross-sectional view showing details of the bearing of FIG. 4,
(B) is the bottom view.

FIG. 6A is a sectional view showing an example of a bearing having a rotation stopping means, and FIG. 6B is a bottom view thereof.

7A is a cross-sectional view showing another example of a bearing having a rotation stopping means, and FIG. 7B is a bottom view thereof.

8A is a sectional view showing still another example of a bearing having a rotation stopping means, and FIG. 8B is a bottom view thereof.

9A is a sectional view showing still another example of a bearing having a rotation stopping means, and FIG. 9B is a bottom view thereof.

10A is a sectional view showing still another example of a bearing having a rotation stopping means, and FIG. 10B is a bottom view thereof.

11 (a) to 11 (c) are explanatory views each showing a cross-sectional structure of the rotation stopping means.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a bearing having a rotation stopping means formed by ceramics coating.

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of essential parts showing a hinge device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of essential parts showing a hinge device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

15 is a left half sectional view showing details of the bearing shown in FIG.

16 is a left half sectional view showing an example of a bearing used in place of the bearing of FIG.

17 is a left half sectional view showing another example of a bearing used in place of the bearing of FIG.

FIG. 18 is a left sectional view showing still another example of the bearing used in place of the bearing of FIG. 15.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 101, 201, 301 Hinge device 2, 102, 202, 301 First hinge member 3, 103, 203, 303 Second hinge member 4, 204, 304 Shaft 9, 10 Washer member 12, 13, 107, 111, 207, 305 Shaft member 14, 105, 110, 120, 130, 140, 15
0,160,180,306,320,330,340
Bearing 18,115,123,161,205,310,32
3rd line 19,112,121,131,141,151,18
1,308,321,331,341 Stopper part 20,113,122,132,142,152,18
2,309,322,332,342 Insertion part 104 Upper shaft 109 Lower shaft 133,143,153 Satin finish 183 Coating layer 324,344 Rotation stop

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A shaft attached to a first hinge member is inserted into a shaft hole of a second hinge member, and
In a hinge device capable of separating both hinge members by supporting the shaft with a bearing mounted in the shaft hole and pulling out the shaft from the shaft hole, a flange-shaped stopper portion and a tubular shape are provided on the shaft. A washer member having an insertion part of the first washer is inserted into the insertion hole of the first hinge member, and at least a part of the outer peripheral surface of the insertion part has a small diameter toward the insertion tip. The hinge device is characterized in that it is formed on a taper surface, a curved surface or a stepped surface to be formed, and the insertion hole has a shape following this. 2. The shaft attached to the first hinge member is inserted into the shaft hole of the second hinge member, and
In a hinge device in which this shaft is supported by a bearing mounted in the shaft hole, and the hinge member is separable by pulling out the shaft from the shaft hole, the bearing is removably mounted in the shaft hole. At the same time, at least a part of the outer peripheral surface is formed into a taper surface, a curved surface or a stepped surface having a small diameter toward the insertion tip, and the shaft hole is shaped to follow this. Hinge device. 3. A detent means for detenting the bearing within the shaft hole is provided on at least one of the inner surface of the shaft hole, the outer surface of the second hinge member and the bearing. The hinge device according to claim 2. 4. A hinge device according to claim 3, wherein the bearing is coated with a ceramic material powdered into crushed particles to serve as a detent means.