JPH05238559A - Discharge device from bin and material storage unit - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To induce and control the flow of a material inside a bin (or hopper), to reduce required energy, to prevent the thickening of the material and the generation of bridging and to form a measured flow inside the bin by simple constitution. CONSTITUTION: In this discharge device and a material storage unit from the bin 10 (or hopper) provided with a plurality of rolls arranged at the lower part of the bin for inhibiting the gravitational flow of the material passing through a space between the adjacent rolls, the rolls are provided with knobs and plates, etc., extended outwards from the rolls and the rolls can be arranged in a single row or in a plurality of rows. When the rolls are rotated, the material 12 above the rolls flows between the rolls and is discharged to the outside of the bin or the hopper. The rolls can be horizontal or inclined and various shapes such as cylindrical, conical or other geometrically corresponding shapes can be used for the rolls.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a discharging device and a material storage unit for a material contained in a bottle (storage box), and is particularly suitable for measuring and discharging the material in the bottle. The invention is also suitable for handling materials that do not flow freely, such as wood chips.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Materials stored in bottles or hoppers require many processes and operations to be performed. If the material does not flow freely, a device is needed to discharge the material from the bottle or hopper. Conventionally, screw feeder, chain conveyor, stoker, slat conveyor
Many ejectors have been used, including, among others. When the conventionally known discharging device is combined with the hopper or the bin, the whole structure becomes complicated and the cost required for constructing the storage facility increases.

Most conventional ejectors operate in a substantially horizontal direction near the bottom in a bottle or hopper. As the material is carried out of the bin, it is discharged into the vertical discharge chute. Often the floor of the bin or hopper is tilted in the opposite direction of material flow. When it is necessary to control or meter the flow or discharge of material, a limited opening is often provided through which the material is discharged. By adjusting the size of this opening, the flow rate of material is controlled. Horizontal movement of material, tilting material removal from the bin, and draining material through the metering opening requires a significant amount of energy consumption. The required energy is further increased when the stored and discharged material cannot be easily sheared. High shear forces often cause densification of the material near the metering point, which results in bridging across the bin and also interferes with the operation of the ejector. Furthermore, if the process used requires continuous flow from the exhaust system, effective run time will be lost during removal of blockages or bridging.

Accordingly, a primary object of the present invention is to provide a bin or hopper ejector which is simple in construction and operation and which can be installed in the bin or hopper with minimal expense. Is.

Another object of the present invention is the ejection from a bin or hopper which induces and controls the flow of material from the bin which is vertically accelerated by gravity, thereby reducing the energy required to eject the material from the bin. It is intended to provide a device.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a draining device from a bin or hopper that regulates the flow of material from the bin and also minimizes or prevents densification and bridging of the material on the drain. To do.

Another object of the invention is a device for discharging free-flowing material from a bin or hopper which is particularly suitable for discharging wood chip wafers and which can have an optimum configuration for the material to be discharged. Is to provide.

Yet another object of the present invention is to extend the full width or length of a bin or hopper and to provide a metered flow of material from the bin or hopper without the use of metering gates or other limiting openings. The present invention seeks to provide a discharge device from a bin or hopper that forms a.

[0009]

The above and other objects can be achieved by the present invention having the structure described in each claim. These objects are also achieved in the present invention by providing a bottle or hopper having a bottom discharge opening across its entire length. A plurality of rolls are provided near the bottom of the hopper, such that during its rotation, the rolls move material from the bins to drop the material between the rolls and expel it out of the bin or hopper.
It has an arrangement and shape corresponding to the type of material to be discharged. When the roll does not rotate, the opening in the bottle is effectively closed by the roll, which prevents material from falling further outside the bin.

The roll configuration, roll placement, and number of rolls are varied depending on the material stored in and discharged from the bottle. For example, smooth rolls or rolls with ribs are arranged in one or two rows at the discharge of the hopper. Typically, the lower roll is located in the open space formed by the upper row of rolls. The rolls have radially extending fins or plates that mate with radially extending fins or plates from adjacent rolls. The rolls can be arranged parallel to the longitudinal direction of the bottle opening or at right angles. In some cases it is particularly advantageous to arrange the rolls at an angle with respect to the horizontal or vertical plane with respect to the discharge opening. In other variations, the roll can be conical rather than cylindrical. In yet another variation, the rolls comprise staggered cylinders of alternating rolls and staggered cylinders of alternating rolls, or other rolls where adjacent rolls correspond to each other. It has a shape. For example, one roll is substantially concave and the other adjacent roll is convex.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of embodiments, made in connection with the drawings.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Referring to the drawings and in particular to FIG.
It is a bottle or hopper that incorporates the discharge device 12 according to the present invention. The discharge device 12 is provided with the material 14 to the conveyor 16.
It is provided for the continuous and metered discharge of. The bottle 10 has parallel vertical walls 18 that limit its both sides,
20 and converging inclined walls 22 and 24 arranged between the vertical walls. The ejector 12 is located in the lower portion of the bin or hopper 10 and divides the bin into an upper store and a lower ejector 28, generally indicated at 26. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the size and shape of the bin or hopper 10 can vary.
Above the sloped walls 22, 24, the walls of the bottle can be substantially vertical. The bins or hoppers can have all the walls as slanted walls, or they can have only the vertical walls without slanted walls, these walls being orthogonal at the corners, The cross section may be circular or oblong so that no corners are provided. The ejector can be applied to bottles or hoppers of any shape, with equally effective results.

The discharge device 12 allows the material to be stored 26
Through the discharge unit 28 and falls onto the conveyor 16. The conveyor shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is a belt conveyor having an endless rotating receiving belt 30 guided by a rotating roll at the end, one of the rotating rolls being designated by 32. In addition to this, an idler guide roll 34 is installed in the loop of the belt 30. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that other types of conveyors such as sheet metal conveyors (slat conveyors), augers, etc. may be provided at the bottom of the bin 10 for receiving and transporting material from the bin 10. In some cases, it may be advantageous to provide a chute for loading below the bin to convey material from the bin to trucks, rail cars, etc., and in other cases below the bin 10 a classification screen. Alternatively, it is advantageous to provide another processing device.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the discharging device 12
Comprises an upper row of rolls 40, 42, 44, 46 and a lower row of rolls with smaller diameter inner rolls 52, 54 paired with larger diameter outer rolls 48, 50. The lower roll is arranged to impede the flow of material along the material flow path formed by the upper roll. Thus, the roll 48 is indicated by the arrow 55 and the upper roll 40,
It is located within the vertical flow path of material formed by 42. The pair of small-diameter lower rolls 52 and 54 are indicated by arrows 5
7 is located in the vertical flow path of material formed by the upper rolls 42,44. It is also possible to use one large diameter lower roll instead of the pair of smaller diameter lower rolls 52, 54. For certain materials, it may be advantageous to use multiple rolls of different dimensions in either the upper row or the lower row. Therefore, it is not always necessary or desirable in some cases to have all of the upper rolls the same size. In some situations, it may be advantageous to have more than two roll rows, and additional rows may be provided below the lower row or above the upper row shown in FIG.

Each roll extends from one side wall to the other side wall of the bin and is pivotally supported at its end by a bearing 58. Floating bearings can be used to support the rolls and prevent damage due to passage of large or hard material through the ejector.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, each roll is substantially smooth and cylindrical and has outwardly projecting nodes or spikes 60 on its surface. The knots or spikes 60 serve to scrape and move the material and also move the material out of the storage section and into the flow path between adjacent rolls.

The rolls may be arranged horizontally, or they may be tilted from front to back as shown by the dotted lines in FIG. 2, or vice versa. The rolls can be placed between any of the opposing walls of the bin or hopper. For example, in a rectangular shaped bin or hopper, short rolls can be placed between the opposing long walls of the bin, or long rolls can be placed between the opposing short walls. In some cases it may be advantageous to position the roll at an angle with respect to the wall of the bin.

Adjacent rolls rotate in opposite directions, as indicated by the arrows on each roll in FIG. This rotational relationship is effective for granular or powder materials, but the roll rotation pattern can be changed in other cases where the flow characteristics of the materials are different. While it is possible to rotate each roll at the same peripheral speed, it may be advantageous to rotate the rolls at different speeds. The various arrangements described herein may be employed depending on the flowability, repose angle, size, bulk density, and other characteristics of the material stored in the bottle. From this point of view, the rolls can each rotate at a constant speed or at different speeds.

FIG. 3 shows a pair of or adjacent rolls 63, 63a of the ejector shown in FIGS. As shown, the rolls are adjacent to each other in the horizontal plane or the vertical plane. Although a substantially cylindrical roll is shown, other roll shapes may be used. FIG. 4 shows generally conical rolls 64, 64a facing in opposite directions. In FIG. 5, each roll is shown as an adjacent roll of interleaved alternating cylinders having a central or shaft 65 and a large diameter cylindrical portion 66. Adjacent portions 66 provided on the shafts 65 are spaced apart from each other so as to sandwich the portions extending from the adjacent shafts. In FIG. 6, the concave roll 67 and the convex roll 68 which oppose are shown. Each roll is shown as having a knot or spike 60 thereon. The placement pattern, proximity, shape and length of the nodes or spikes can be varied depending on the properties of the material being stored.

FIGS. 7-10 show an embodiment of a modified rotating roll, each roll comprising a plurality of radially extending projections or plates 70.
The plate 70 may extend continuously in the longitudinal direction of the roll so as to sandwich the plate of the adjacent rolls, or may be arranged so as to be scattered on the roll. The use of a relatively long protrusion or plate 70 is particularly suitable for use when a single row of rolls is provided along the bottom of the bin. In Figures 7 and 8, four rolls 72,74,76,78 are shown with a projection or plate 70 extending in the longitudinal direction of each roll. Adjacent plates 70 on each roll form pockets 80 around the roll. As shown, each roll has six plates 70 forming six pockets on each roll.
Is equipped with. The number of plates on each roll and the number of pockets formed by the plates can vary. In the one shown in FIG. 7, the pockets of adjacent rolls are interleaved with each other such that the plates of each adjacent roll partially project into the pockets formed by the other roll. In FIG. 9, the protrusion or plate 7
The rolls 82 and 84 are located so that a minimum gap is formed between the tops of the zeros and that the pocket formed by the plates is not pinched. In FIG.
The rolls 94, 96 are shown in a slightly elevated position relative to the rolls 90, 92 so as to operate in a slightly elevated position. Even in this case, the plate 70 of each roll
The pocket 80 formed by is sandwiched between the pockets of the adjacent rolls.

Except for the embodiment with the sandwiched plates, the directions of rotation in each embodiment may be the same or opposite. To expel certain materials that tend to be densified, rotate all rolls in the same direction and periodically to eliminate pinching or pushing of material near contact surfaces such as bottle walls. It is advantageous to reverse the direction of rotation. With plates or pockets to be sandwiched,
Adjacent rolls must rotate in opposite directions.
As in the previous embodiments, with respect to the longitudinal direction of the hopper or bin, the roll can be arranged in its longitudinal direction, at right angles to the longitudinal direction or at an angle to the longitudinal direction. The axis of each roll may be arranged horizontally, or the rolls may be arranged so as to be inclined from front to back or from rear to front as shown by a dotted line 100 in FIG.

In each embodiment, the rotation speed of the rotor is
Affects the discharge flow rate of material through the discharge device. When material metering is required, interlaced rotors are most effective at controlling the free flow of material as it exits and trapping a uniform, discontinuous volume of material. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 10, the intersecting pockets of the roll with long and radially extending plates 70 physically prevent the material from moving downward in the hopper under the action of gravity when the roll is not rotating. Hinder. In this way, for fluid materials such as granules, powders etc., the sandwiched pockets act as an effective and accurate metering device.

As shown in FIG. 2, a suitable drive train 110 connected to a rotary drive source 112 is provided to rotate each roll. In FIG. 8, the drive source 112
A similar drive train 114 connected to is provided for rotating the roll or rolls. The type of drive train required, the rotary drive source, etc. are well known to those skilled in the art and need not be described further here.

During operation of the device according to the invention, material is fed and stored in a bottle or hopper and falls by gravity to the bottom of the storage 26. No material will fall from the bin or hopper unless the ejector roll is rotated. The shape and placement of the roll, the type of nodes and protrusions on the roll, etc. are selected according to the type and characteristics of the material being stored. The inclination of the flow path formed by the rolls is set smaller than the rest angle of the material, which prevents gravity flow of the material from the hopper.

When it is desired to remove material from the bin or hopper, the rotary drive source 112 is activated and the drive train transmits power to each of the ejector driven rolls. When the rolls rotate, the material is discharged from the bottom of the storage unit 26 between the rolls and the discharge unit 28 to the conveyor 16. The material is conveyed by the conveyor to the desired location. When the roll has stopped spinning, the free flow of material from the bottle is blocked by the roll. The pinched pocket design physically closes the exit of the entire bin. Although suitable for non-flowable materials such as wood chips, the present invention also works well with granular or powdered materials. The speed of rotation of the rolls influences the discharge rate of the device, and effective metering of the outflow of material from the bottle is done without densification or bridging. All of the material released from storage 26 flows from the bin or hopper, and metering is done by the rate at which the roll draws material from the outlet. Since the device covers a large area and forms a bottom for the reservoir in the part of the bottle that is substantially unrestricted, no bridging of material occurs above the discharge device.

Although some embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, various modifications can be made within the scope defined by the claims.

[0027]

As described above, by providing the structures described in each of the claims, the present invention induces and controls the flow of the material in the bottle (or hopper) to reduce the required energy. It is possible to prevent densification of material and occurrence of bridging in the discharge part of the bottle,
And a metered flow of material can be formed in the bottle without the use of metering gates or restriction openings. Moreover, the discharging device according to the present invention has a simple structure and can be mounted on the bottle at a minimum cost.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a discharging portion of a hopper using a discharging device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of adjacent rolls of the discharge device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a roll pair of a discharging device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a roll pair according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a roll pair according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a bin with an ejection device of the present invention using a single row of interlocking rolls.

8 is a cross-sectional view of the bottle and ejector shown in FIG. 7 taken along line VIII-VIII of FIG. 7.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a smaller bottle using another arrangement of single rows of rolls in the ejector.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of an ejector according to another embodiment of the present invention disposed in a bottle or a hopper.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 bottle or hopper 12 discharge device 14 material 16 conveyor 18,20 vertical wall 22,24 inclined wall 26 storage part 28 discharge part 30 receiving belt 40, 42, 44, 46, 48, 50, 52, 54 roll 58 bearing 60 section Or spikes 63, 63a Adjacent rolls 64, 64a Conical rolls 65 Shafts 66 Cylindrical parts 67 Concave rolls 68 Convex rolls 70 Plates 72, 74, 76, 78 rolls 80 Pockets 82, 84, 90, 92, 94, 96 rolls 110 , 114 drive train 112 rotary drive source

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] February 15, 1993

[Procedure Amendment 2]

[Document name to be corrected] Drawing

[Correction target item name] All drawings

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

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Claims (23)

[Claims] 1. A bin disposed adjacent a lower portion of the bin to divide the bin into a storage section above the roll and a discharge section below the roll to prevent gravity transfer of material from the storage section to the discharge section. A plurality of rolls; means for forming protrusions on the surface of the roll for rocking the material stored in the bin and placed on the roll; and connected to the roll to rotate the roll in the bin Drive means for swaying the material stored in the bottle to promote gravity flow of material flowing between the rolls from the storage portion to the discharge portion; 2. A plurality of rolls are arranged in an upper row of rolls and a lower row of rolls, the lower row of rolls of material falling through an interval formed by the rolls of the upper row of rolls. The discharging device according to claim 1, wherein the discharging device is arranged in a vertical passage. 3. The ejector according to claim 2, wherein each of the rolls is provided with a plurality of nodular protrusions extending outward from a surface of the roll. 4. The discharging device according to claim 3, wherein horizontally adjacent rolls are connected to the drive means and rotate in opposite directions. 5. Each of said rolls comprises a plurality of radially extending plates projecting outwardly from its surface,
The ejector of claim 1, wherein the plate forms a series of pockets around each roll. 6. The ejector according to claim 5, wherein the plates of adjacent rolls are sandwiched between each other. 7. Ejection device according to claim 5, characterized in that a minimum top gap is formed between the plates of adjacent rolls. 8. The ejector of claim 1, wherein adjacent rolls rotate in opposite directions. 9. The discharging device according to claim 1, wherein the rolls are horizontally arranged. 10. The discharging device according to claim 1, wherein the roll is inclined with respect to the horizontal. 11. The ejector of claim 1, wherein the roll is substantially cylindrical. 12. An ejector according to claim 1, characterized in that at least some of the rolls are conical and adjacent conical rolls are arranged in opposite directions. 13. Some of said rolls have large diameter and small diameter portions arranged alternately from one end to the other, said large diameter and small diameter portions adjoining having small diameter and large diameter portions. The discharging device according to claim 1, wherein the discharging device is sandwiched between corresponding portions of the roll. 14. The ejector of claim 1, wherein at least some of the adjacent rolls have corresponding concave and convex outer surfaces. 15. A wall forming a closed material reservoir therein; a plurality of rolls at the bottom of two opposing walls extending between the walls, the rolls being stationary. A plurality of rolls arranged against the stored material so as to impede the gravitational flow of the material between adjacent rolls; a protrusion extending outwardly from the surface of the roll; Drive means connected to the rolls for agitating the material stored above the rolls to cause the material to flow between the rolls. 16. The material storage unit according to claim 15, wherein the rolls are horizontally arranged. 17. Material storage unit according to claim 15, characterized in that the rolls are arranged at an angle to the horizontal. 18. The material storage unit according to claim 15, wherein the protrusion has a node shape extending outward from a substantially smooth roll surface. 19. The material storage unit according to claim 15, wherein the protrusion includes a plate extending in a radial direction. 20. Material storage unit according to claim 15, characterized in that adjacent rolls are connected to said drive means so as to rotate in mutually opposite directions. 21. An upper row and a lower row of rolls are provided,
The material storage unit according to claim 15, wherein the rolls in the lower row are arranged so as to block the material falling between the rolls in the upper row. 22. The material storage unit according to claim 15, wherein adjacent rolls have shapes corresponding to each other. 23. The material storage unit according to claim 15, wherein the protrusions of the rolls are sandwiched between the protrusions of the adjacent rolls, and the rolls adjacent to each other rotate in opposite directions.