JPH05236595A - Magnetostriction displacement generator - Google Patents
Magnetostriction displacement generatorInfo
- Publication number
- JPH05236595A JPH05236595A JP4037388A JP3738892A JPH05236595A JP H05236595 A JPH05236595 A JP H05236595A JP 4037388 A JP4037388 A JP 4037388A JP 3738892 A JP3738892 A JP 3738892A JP H05236595 A JPH05236595 A JP H05236595A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- displacement
- generating element
- magnetostrictive
- magnetic field
- magnetostriction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Control Of Position Or Direction (AREA)
- General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、外部磁界の印加により
磁歪変形を生じる磁性体を備えた磁歪式変位発生装置に
関し、より具体的には、同装置の原理を応用したアクチ
ュエータ及びスピーカーに関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a magnetostrictive displacement generating device provided with a magnetic body that undergoes magnetostrictive deformation when an external magnetic field is applied, and more specifically to an actuator and a speaker to which the principle of the device is applied.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】音、振動や変位発生用のアクチュエータ
としては、従来からＰＺＴなどの圧電材料を変位発生素
子とし、前記素子に制御電圧を印加する圧電式アクチュ
エータが知られている。また、スピーカーの原理を用い
た電磁式アクチュエータや、磁歪現象を用いた磁歪式ア
クチュエータも知られている。2. Description of the Related Art As an actuator for generating sound, vibration and displacement, a piezoelectric actuator has been known which uses a piezoelectric material such as PZT as a displacement generating element and applies a control voltage to the element. In addition, an electromagnetic actuator that uses the principle of a speaker and a magnetostrictive actuator that uses the magnetostriction phenomenon are also known.
【０００３】前記音、振動や変位発生用のアクチュエー
タにおいては、小型で高出力が得られる強力なアクチュ
エータが望まれている。かかる要求を満たす変位発生素
子としては、前記圧電材料より剛性が大きい磁歪性を有
する磁性体、つまり磁歪材料を用いた磁歪式アクチュエ
ータが注目されている。As for the actuators for generating the sound, vibration and displacement, there is a demand for a powerful actuator that is compact and provides high output. As a displacement generating element satisfying such requirements, attention has been paid to a magnetostrictive magnetic body having rigidity higher than that of the piezoelectric material, that is, a magnetostrictive actuator using a magnetostrictive material.
【０００４】前記磁歪式アクチュエータに用いられる磁
歪材料としては、従来よりＮｉ系合金、Ｆｅ−Ａｌ系合
金、フェライト系合金が主に用いられている。また、最
近では前記磁歪材料に比べて１桁以上大きな変位が発生
可能な希土類金属−遷移金属系超磁歪合金も報告されて
いる。さらに、前記磁歪式アクチュエータは前記磁歪材
料に制御磁界を印加する手段を備えた構成になってい
る。前記磁界印加手段としては、制御電流の供給で容易
に磁界を制御することが可能な電磁石などの磁気回路が
主に用いられている。Conventionally, Ni-based alloys, Fe-Al-based alloys, and ferrite-based alloys have been mainly used as the magnetostrictive material used in the magnetostrictive actuator. Further, recently, a rare earth metal-transition metal-based giant magnetostrictive alloy capable of generating a displacement larger by one digit or more than the magnetostrictive material has been reported. Further, the magnetostrictive actuator is configured to include means for applying a control magnetic field to the magnetostrictive material. As the magnetic field applying means, a magnetic circuit such as an electromagnet that can easily control the magnetic field by supplying a control current is mainly used.
【０００５】前記磁歪式アクチュエータにおいて、強力
な音波あるいは振動波を発生しようとすると、前記磁歪
材料を大きく変位させる必要がある。しかしながら、前
記磁歪材料を大きく変位させるには、制御電流を増大さ
せる必要があり、投入パワーが大きくなるという問題が
ある。その上、アクチュエータ自体も大型化する。さら
に、前記超磁歪合金を用いる場合においても、投入パワ
ーを最大限に活用できるようにする必要があるが、従来
においては磁気回路構成やその構造面での最適化が十分
になされていない。このため、小型、高出力化が達成で
きないという問題がある。In order to generate a strong sound wave or vibration wave in the magnetostrictive actuator, it is necessary to largely displace the magnetostrictive material. However, in order to largely displace the magnetostrictive material, it is necessary to increase the control current, which causes a problem that the input power becomes large. In addition, the actuator itself becomes large. Further, even when using the giant magnetostrictive alloy, it is necessary to maximize the input power, but conventionally, the magnetic circuit configuration and its structural aspect have not been fully optimized. For this reason, there is a problem that miniaturization and high output cannot be achieved.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明の目的は、投入
パワーのロスを抑制して高出力化を達成する変位拡大機
構を適用した磁歪式変位発生装置を提供しようとするも
のである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a magnetostrictive displacement generating device to which a displacement magnifying mechanism which suppresses loss of input power and achieves high output is applied.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明に係わる磁歪式変
位発生装置は、磁歪性を有する磁性体からなる変位発生
素子と、前記変位発生素子に磁界を付与するように前記
変位発生素子の周囲に配設され且つ前記変位発生素子と
共に駆動機構を構成する磁界発生部材と、前記変位発生
素子の変位部にその力点が係合するように配設されたテ
コ式変位拡大機構と、前記テコ式変位拡大機構の作用点
に係合するように配設された変位出力部と、を具備す
る。前記変位発生素子としては、例えば従来からよく知
られたＮｉ系合金、Ｆｅ−Ａｌ系合金、フェライト系材
料等を用いることが可能である。A magnetostrictive displacement generating device according to the present invention comprises a displacement generating element made of a magnetic substance having a magnetostrictive property, and a periphery of the displacement generating element so as to apply a magnetic field to the displacement generating element. And a lever type displacement magnifying mechanism disposed so that its force point engages the displacement portion of the displacement generating element, and the lever type displacement magnifying mechanism, A displacement output section arranged so as to be engaged with an action point of the displacement magnifying mechanism. As the displacement generating element, it is possible to use, for example, a Ni-based alloy, a Fe-Al-based alloy, a ferrite-based material, or the like which is well known in the related art.
【０００８】前記変位発生素子は、特に振動子等の小形
化、高出力化を達成する観点から、希土類金属−遷移金
属系のラーベス型金属間化合物からなる超磁歪合金を用
いることが望ましい。かかる超磁歪合金としては、原子
比で Ｒ（Ｆｅ1-x-y Ｃｏx Ｍy ）z The displacement generating element is preferably made of a giant magnetostrictive alloy composed of a rare earth metal-transition metal-based Laves-type intermetallic compound, particularly from the viewpoint of achieving miniaturization and high output of a vibrator or the like. Such super magnetostrictive alloy, in atomic ratio R (Fe 1-xy Co x M y) z
【０００９】（ただし、式中のＲはイットリウムを含む
希土類元素から選ばれる少なくとも１種の元素、ＭはＮ
ｉ、Ｍｎ、Ｍｇ、Ａｌ、Ｇａ、Ｚｎ、Ｖ、Ｚｒ、Ｈｆ、
Ｔｉ、Ｎｂ、Ｃｕ、Ａｇ、Ｓｎ、Ｍｏ、ＳｉおよびＢか
ら選ばれる少なくとも１種の元素を示し、ｘ、ｙ、ｚは
０≦ｘ≦０．９５、０≦ｙ≦０．６、１．５≦ｚ≦４．
０を示す）を満足する組成を有する合金が挙げられる。
具体的には、Ｔｂ−Ｄｙ・Ｆｅ系合金、Ｔｂ−Ｄｙ・Ｆ
ｅ−Ｍｎ系合金が例示される。また、ＳｍＦｅ2やＥｒ
Ｆｅ2 系などの負の磁歪を有する磁歪合金の使用も可能
である。(Wherein R is at least one element selected from rare earth elements including yttrium, and M is N
i, Mn, Mg, Al, Ga, Zn, V, Zr, Hf,
At least one element selected from Ti, Nb, Cu, Ag, Sn, Mo, Si and B is shown, and x, y and z are 0 ≦ x ≦ 0.95, 0 ≦ y ≦ 0.6 and 1. 5 ≦ z ≦ 4.
Alloys having a composition satisfying (indicating 0) are included.
Specifically, Tb-Dy.Fe-based alloy, Tb-Dy.F
An example is an e-Mn-based alloy. In addition, SmFe 2 and Er
It is also possible to use a magnetostrictive alloy having a negative magnetostriction such as Fe 2 system.
【００１０】前記磁性体は、円柱状、円筒状、角柱状、
積層状等の各種形状のロッドを用いることが可能であ
る。ただし、数ｋＨｚ以上の周波数の振動を付与する場
合には、前記磁性体として表皮効果を高め、かつ渦電流
損失を抑制することが可能な円筒状、積層状のロッドを
用いることが望ましい。The magnetic material is cylindrical, cylindrical, prismatic,
It is possible to use rods of various shapes such as a laminated shape. However, in the case of applying a vibration of a frequency of several kHz or more, it is desirable to use a cylindrical rod or a laminated rod that can enhance the skin effect and suppress eddy current loss as the magnetic body.
【００１１】前記磁界発生部材は、前記磁性体に変位を
発生させるための第１磁界発生手段と、前記磁性体に磁
気バイアスを印加するための第２磁界発生手段とにより
構成することが望ましい。前記第１磁界発生手段として
は、例えば空心コイルを挙げることができる。前記第２
磁界発生手段としては、例えば永久磁石、電磁石を挙げ
ることができる。It is desirable that the magnetic field generating member comprises first magnetic field generating means for generating a displacement in the magnetic body and second magnetic field generating means for applying a magnetic bias to the magnetic body. An example of the first magnetic field generating means is an air-core coil. The second
Examples of the magnetic field generating means include a permanent magnet and an electromagnet.
【００１２】前記変位拡大機構は変位伝達治具を具備
し、その一端となる力点に前記変位発生素子の変位部を
係合させる。また、テコ比を考慮した前記変位伝達治具
の支点はピン等で自在に動くように軸支し、作用点には
変位出力部を係合させる。前記変位伝達治具の他端に第
２の力点が形成される場合は、ここに固定軸あるいはス
プリングを配設することができる。またあるいは、第２
の力点には、別の変位発生素子および磁界発生部材を有
する第２の駆動機構を配設することができる。変位伝達
治具は、板状あるいは棒状の高強度材料、例えば、鉄合
金あるいは非磁性材料としてＴｉ合金、Ａｌ合金、セラ
ミックス、ＦＲＰ等が望ましい。The displacement magnifying mechanism includes a displacement transmitting jig, and the displacement portion of the displacement generating element is engaged with a force point at one end thereof. Further, the fulcrum of the displacement transmitting jig considering the lever ratio is rotatably supported by a pin or the like, and the displacement output portion is engaged with the action point. When the second force point is formed at the other end of the displacement transmitting jig, a fixed shaft or a spring can be arranged here. Alternatively, the second
A second drive mechanism having another displacement generating element and a magnetic field generating member can be arranged at the power point of. The displacement transmitting jig is preferably a plate-shaped or rod-shaped high-strength material, for example, an iron alloy or a non-magnetic material such as a Ti alloy, an Al alloy, ceramics, or FRP.
【００１３】また、力点、支点、作用点における接続部
材は接触、摺動することから高強度でかつ摩滅の少ない
球状の材料が望ましい。さらに、前記変位出力部に更に
別の変位発生素子および磁界発生部材を有する第３の駆
動機構を配設してもよい。この時得られる変位は、テコ
比による変位拡大と第３の駆動機構が発生する変位の和
となるため、大きな変位を得ることが可能となる。Further, since the connecting members at the force point, the fulcrum, and the action point contact and slide, it is desirable to use a spherical material having high strength and less abrasion. Furthermore, a third drive mechanism having a further displacement generating element and a magnetic field generating member may be arranged in the displacement output section. The displacement obtained at this time is the sum of the displacement increase due to the lever ratio and the displacement generated by the third drive mechanism, so that a large displacement can be obtained.
【００１４】[0014]
【作用】本発明の磁歪式変位発生装置によれば、１つあ
るいは複数の変位発生素子および磁界発生部材を有する
駆動機構と変位拡大機構とを容器内に収納して一体化す
ることが可能となる。従って、振動、変位を効率良く発
生させることができ、大変位、高出力が達成できる。ま
た、複数の駆動機構を独立して制御させることにより直
流と交流を重畳させる振動あるいは変位を得ることが容
易に行なうことができる。According to the magnetostrictive displacement generator of the present invention, the drive mechanism having one or a plurality of displacement generating elements and the magnetic field generating member and the displacement magnifying mechanism can be housed in a container and integrated. Become. Therefore, vibration and displacement can be efficiently generated, and large displacement and high output can be achieved. Further, by independently controlling a plurality of drive mechanisms, it is possible to easily obtain vibration or displacement that superimposes direct current and alternating current.
【００１５】[0015]
【実施例】以下、図面に示す実施例に沿って本発明を詳
述する。全図を通し、同一符号が付された部材は同等あ
るいは対応の部材を指示する。 （実施例１）図１（ａ）は、本発明の実施例１の磁歪式
変位発生装置の断面を示し、この装置は磁歪式アクチュ
エータを用いたスピーカとして構成されている。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. Throughout the drawings, members with the same reference numerals indicate equivalent or corresponding members. (Embodiment 1) FIG. 1A shows a cross section of a magnetostrictive displacement generating device according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and this device is constructed as a speaker using a magnetostrictive actuator.
【００１６】図中の符号１は、磁歪性を有する磁性体で
ある変位発生素子であり、例えば直径５ｍｍ、長さ３０
ｍｍの磁歪棒が磁極あるいは永久磁石からなる支持材に
固定されている。変位発生素子１は、超磁歪合金、例え
ば、Ｔｂ0.4 Ｄｙ0.6 （Ｆｅ0.9 Ｍｎ0.1 ）1.95からな
るものである。前記変位発生素子１の長手方向に配設さ
れた駆動コイル２と前記支持材３による磁界発生部材お
よび前記変位発生素子１とによって駆動機構が構成され
る。Reference numeral 1 in the drawing denotes a displacement generating element which is a magnetic substance having magnetostriction, and has a diameter of 5 mm and a length of 30, for example.
A mm magnetostrictive rod is fixed to a support member composed of magnetic poles or permanent magnets. The displacement generating element 1 is made of a giant magnetostrictive alloy, for example, Tb 0.4 Dy 0.6 (Fe 0.9 Mn 0.1 ) 1.95 . A drive mechanism is configured by the drive coil 2 arranged in the longitudinal direction of the displacement generating element 1, the magnetic field generating member formed of the support material 3, and the displacement generating element 1.
【００１７】磁界発生部材の前記駆動コイル２は図示し
ない変位制御回路が発生する制御電流を印加することに
より制御磁界を生じ、この磁界変化に伴って前記変位発
生素子１が伸縮する。さらに、前記支持材３が鉄製の磁
極の場合は印加磁界の効率を高めることが可能であり、
また鉄材と永久磁石、例えばＳｍＣｏ5 磁石との積層構
造にすれば、前記変位発生素子１への磁気バイアスを加
えることが可能であり、制御性が良好となる。The drive coil 2 of the magnetic field generating member generates a control magnetic field by applying a control current generated by a displacement control circuit (not shown), and the displacement generating element 1 expands and contracts according to the change of the magnetic field. Further, when the support member 3 is an iron magnetic pole, it is possible to enhance the efficiency of the applied magnetic field,
Further, if a laminated structure of an iron material and a permanent magnet, for example, an SmCo 5 magnet is used, a magnetic bias can be applied to the displacement generating element 1, and the controllability becomes good.
【００１８】駆動機構は容器４に固定された構造であ
り、前記変位発生素子１の変化発生方向の変位部に、変
位拡大機構の変位伝達治具１０の力点１１ａが可動的に
固定される。変位伝達治具１０は支点１２ａで支持さ
れ、また作用点１３に出力部の出力軸３０が接続され
る。出力軸３０の端部には振動部材５が接触固定され
る。The driving mechanism has a structure fixed to the container 4, and the force point 11a of the displacement transmitting jig 10 of the displacement enlarging mechanism is movably fixed to the displacement portion of the displacement generating element 1 in the direction of change generation. The displacement transmitting jig 10 is supported by a fulcrum 12a, and the action point 13 is connected to the output shaft 30 of the output section. The vibrating member 5 is fixed in contact with the end of the output shaft 30.
【００１９】前記変位伝達治具１０にはまた第２の支点
１２ｂを介して他端部に第２の力点１１ｂが形成され
る。第２の力点１１ｂには、容器４との間に固定軸ある
いはスプリング３１が配設される。A second force point 11b is formed at the other end of the displacement transmitting jig 10 via a second fulcrum 12b. A fixed shaft or a spring 31 is disposed between the second force point 11b and the container 4.
【００２０】前記変位拡大機構において、変位発生素子
１の変位は、力点１１ａから支点１２ａの間の長さＡと
支点１２ａから作用点１３の間の長さＢとの比により拡
大され、例えば、Ａ＝１０ｍｍ、Ｂ＝５０ｍｍにて５倍
の変位拡大がなされる。変位伝達治具１０は鉄合金製あ
るいは非磁性材として、Ｔｉ合金、ステンレス、セラミ
ックス等を用いることが好ましい。In the displacement magnifying mechanism, the displacement of the displacement generating element 1 is magnified by the ratio of the length A between the force point 11a and the fulcrum 12a and the length B between the fulcrum 12a and the action point 13, for example, Displacement is magnified five times at A = 10 mm and B = 50 mm. The displacement transmitting jig 10 is preferably made of iron alloy or non-magnetic material, such as Ti alloy, stainless steel, or ceramics.
【００２１】また、力点１１ａ、１１ｂ、支点１２ａ、
１２ｂの部材としては球または円筒状を有する鋼球、セ
ラミックス球、コロなどが好ましく、摺動時のマサツの
影響を低減することが可能である。Further, the power points 11a and 11b, the fulcrum 12a,
As the member 12b, a steel ball having a spherical shape or a cylindrical shape, a ceramics ball, a roller, or the like is preferable, and it is possible to reduce the influence of Masatsu during sliding.
【００２２】前記振動部材５と作用点１３との位置は通
常中心部におくが、振動部材５の共振現象を考慮に入れ
た非対称位置でも良い。さらに複数の出力軸を設けても
良い。また、前記振動部材５を容器４に固定する部分
は、水中等で使用することを考慮に入れた気密構造、例
えばＯリングを介して固定することが好ましい。本実施
例では、駆動コイル２に異なる制御電流、例えば直流と
交流を印加することにより、静的な変位量に動的な振動
変位量を重畳させることもできる。図１（ｂ）は前記第
１実施例の変更例の断面を示す。同図に示すように、振
動部材５の形状は下に凸形としても同様な効果が得られ
る。 （実施例２）The position of the vibrating member 5 and the point of action 13 is usually at the center, but it may be an asymmetrical position in consideration of the resonance phenomenon of the vibrating member 5. Further, a plurality of output shafts may be provided. Further, it is preferable that the portion for fixing the vibrating member 5 to the container 4 is fixed via an airtight structure, for example, an O-ring in consideration of use in water or the like. In this embodiment, by applying different control currents, for example, direct current and alternating current, to the drive coil 2, it is possible to superimpose a dynamic vibration displacement amount on a static displacement amount. FIG. 1B shows a cross section of a modification of the first embodiment. As shown in the figure, the same effect can be obtained even if the vibrating member 5 has a downward convex shape. (Example 2)
【００２３】図２は、本発明の実施例２の磁歪式変位発
生装置の断面を示す。この実施例は、実施例１の固定軸
３１の変わりに、第１の駆動機構４０ｂと同じ第２の駆
動機構４０ｂを配設した磁歪式アクチュエータである。
作用点にスプリング１４を配設し、変位伝達治具１０の
たわみ変形を促進させることが可能で、変位拡大時のロ
スを低減できる。また、予圧スプリング７ａ，７ｂは変
位拡大機構のガタつきを押えることおよび変位発生素子
である磁歪棒にあらかじめ応力を印加することが可能で
ある。FIG. 2 shows a cross section of a magnetostrictive displacement generator according to a second embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is a magnetostrictive actuator in which, instead of the fixed shaft 31 of the first embodiment, a second drive mechanism 40b that is the same as the first drive mechanism 40b is arranged.
By disposing the spring 14 at the point of action, it is possible to accelerate the flexural deformation of the displacement transmitting jig 10, and it is possible to reduce the loss when the displacement is enlarged. Further, the preload springs 7a and 7b can suppress the rattling of the displacement magnifying mechanism and can apply a stress to the magnetostrictive rod which is the displacement generating element in advance.
【００２４】駆動機構４０ａおよび４０ｂにそれぞれ異
なる制御電流、例えば直流と交流を印加することによ
り、静的な変位量に動的な振動変位量を重畳させること
ができる。これは例えば工作機械で用いられる超音波振
動加工用のアクチュエータとして適用できる。By applying different control currents, for example, direct current and alternating current, to the drive mechanisms 40a and 40b, it is possible to superimpose the dynamic vibration displacement amount on the static displacement amount. This can be applied, for example, as an actuator for ultrasonic vibration machining used in a machine tool.
【００２５】また、例えば、駆動機構４０ａおよび４０
ｂに交互に位相の異なる制御電流を印加することによ
り、２倍周期の振動を発生させることが可能となり、高
周波ロスをおぎなうことができる。駆動機構をさらに複
数にすることにより、上記効果は大である。 （実施例３）Further, for example, the drive mechanisms 40a and 40
By alternately applying control currents having different phases to b, it is possible to generate vibration with a double cycle, and to suppress high frequency loss. The above effect is significant by further providing a plurality of drive mechanisms. (Example 3)
【００２６】図３は、本発明の実施例３の磁歪式変位発
生装置の断面を示す。この実施例は、実施例２の出力軸
３０を第３の駆動機構４０ｃに変更した磁歪式アクチュ
エータである。ベアリング１５にて出力軸３０の径方向
の移動を吸収し、剛性を高めることが可能である。FIG. 3 shows a cross section of a magnetostrictive displacement generator according to a third embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is a magnetostrictive actuator in which the output shaft 30 of the second embodiment is replaced with a third drive mechanism 40c. The bearing 15 can absorb the radial movement of the output shaft 30 and increase the rigidity.
【００２７】このとき、例えば第１および第２の駆動機
構４０ａ，４０ｂを直流信号で変位量を発生させ、駆動
機構４０ｃを交流信号で振動変位量を発生させることに
より、直流と交流とが重畳された変位が容易に得られ
る。 （実施例４）図４（ａ）は、本発明の実施例４の磁歪式
変位発生装置の断面を示し、この装置は磁歪式アクチュ
エータを用いたスピーカとして構成されている。At this time, for example, by causing the first and second drive mechanisms 40a and 40b to generate a displacement amount with a DC signal and causing the drive mechanism 40c to generate a vibration displacement amount with an AC signal, DC and AC are superposed. The displaced displacement is easily obtained. (Embodiment 4) FIG. 4A shows a cross section of a magnetostrictive displacement generator according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention, which is configured as a speaker using a magnetostrictive actuator.
【００２８】図中の符号５１は、磁歪性を有する磁性体
である変位発生素子であり、例えば直径５ｍｍ、長さ３
０ｍｍの磁歪棒が磁極あるいは永久磁石からなる支持材
に固定されている。変位発生素子５１は、超磁歪合金、
例えば、Ｔｂ0.4 Ｄｙ0.6 （Ｆｅ0.9 Ｍｎ0.1 ）1.95か
らなるものである。前記変位発生素子５１の長手方向に
配設された駆動コイル５２と前記支持材５３による磁界
発生部材および前記変位発生素子５１とによって駆動機
構が構成される。Reference numeral 51 in the figure denotes a displacement generating element which is a magnetic material having magnetostriction, and has a diameter of 5 mm and a length of 3, for example.
A 0 mm magnetostrictive rod is fixed to a support member composed of magnetic poles or permanent magnets. The displacement generating element 51 is a giant magnetostrictive alloy,
For example, it is composed of Tb 0.4 Dy 0.6 (Fe 0.9 Mn 0.1 ) 1.95 . A drive mechanism is configured by the drive coil 52 arranged in the longitudinal direction of the displacement generating element 51, the magnetic field generating member by the support member 53, and the displacement generating element 51.
【００２９】磁界発生部材の前記駆動コイル５２は図示
しない変位制御回路が発生する制御電流を印加すること
により制御磁界を生じ、この磁界変化に伴って前記変位
発生素子５１が伸縮する。さらに、前記支持材５３が鉄
製の磁極の場合は印加磁界の効率を高めることが可能で
あり、また鉄材と永久磁石、例えばＳｍＣｏ5 磁石との
積層構造にすれば、前記変位発生素子５１への磁気バイ
アスを加えることが可能であり、制御性が良好となる。The drive coil 52 of the magnetic field generating member generates a control magnetic field by applying a control current generated by a displacement control circuit (not shown), and the displacement generating element 51 expands and contracts according to the change of the magnetic field. Further, when the supporting member 53 is a magnetic pole made of iron, it is possible to enhance the efficiency of the applied magnetic field, and if a laminated structure of an iron material and a permanent magnet, for example, an SmCo 5 magnet is used, the displacement generating element 51 A magnetic bias can be applied, and controllability becomes good.
【００３０】駆動機構は容器５４に固定された構造であ
り、前記変位発生素子５１の変化発生方向の変位部に、
変位拡大機構の変位伝達治具６０の力点６１が可動的に
固定される。変位伝達治具６０は支点６２で支持され、
また作用点６３に出力部の振動部材６５が接触固定され
る。The drive mechanism has a structure fixed to the container 54, and is arranged at the displacement portion of the displacement generating element 51 in the direction of change generation.
The force point 61 of the displacement transmission jig 60 of the displacement magnifying mechanism is movably fixed. The displacement transmitting jig 60 is supported by a fulcrum 62,
Further, the vibrating member 65 of the output portion is fixed in contact with the action point 63.
【００３１】前記変位拡大機構において、変位発生素子
５１の変位は、力点６１から支点６２の間の長さＡと支
点６２から作用点１３の間の長さＢとの比により拡大さ
れ、例えば、Ａ＝１０ｍｍ、Ｂ＝５０ｍｍにて５倍の変
位拡大がなされる。変位伝達治具６０は鉄合金製あるい
は非磁性材として、Ｔｉ合金、ステンレス、セラミック
ス等を用いることが好ましい。In the displacement magnifying mechanism, the displacement of the displacement generating element 51 is magnified by the ratio of the length A between the force point 61 and the fulcrum 62 and the length B between the fulcrum 62 and the action point 13, for example, Displacement is magnified five times at A = 10 mm and B = 50 mm. The displacement transmitting jig 60 is preferably made of iron alloy or non-magnetic material, such as Ti alloy, stainless steel, or ceramics.
【００３２】また、力点６１、支点６２の部材としては
球または円筒状を有する鋼球、セラミックス球、コロな
どが好ましく、摺動時のマサツの影響を低減することが
可能である。Further, as the member of the force point 61 and the fulcrum 62, a steel ball having a sphere or a cylindrical shape, a ceramic sphere, a roller or the like is preferable, and it is possible to reduce the influence of masatsu during sliding.
【００３３】前記振動部材５５と作用点６３との位置は
通常中心部におくが、振動部材５５の共振現象を考慮に
入れた非対称位置でも良い。また、前記振動部材５５を
容器５４に固定する部分は、水中等で使用することを考
慮に入れた気密構造、例えばＯリングを介して固定する
ことが好ましい。The position of the vibrating member 55 and the point of action 63 is usually located at the center, but it may be an asymmetric position in consideration of the resonance phenomenon of the vibrating member 55. Further, it is preferable that the portion for fixing the vibrating member 55 to the container 54 is fixed via an airtight structure, for example, an O-ring, in consideration of use in water or the like.
【００３４】前記駆動機構と変位拡大機構との間で、予
めプリストレスを加えることが実用上好ましい。このた
め、調整可能な予圧スプリング５７を前記支持材５３に
係合して配設することにより、プリストレスを最適値に
設定することができる。It is practically preferable to apply prestress in advance between the drive mechanism and the displacement magnifying mechanism. Therefore, the prestress can be set to an optimum value by disposing the adjustable preload spring 57 in engagement with the support member 53.
【００３５】図４（ｂ）は予圧スプリング利用の変更例
の断面を示す。同図に示すように、予圧スプリング６４
を変位伝達治具６０の力点６１の裏側に配設することに
より、負方向の変位拡大によって振動部材５５を振動さ
せることが可能となる。この場合、変位発生素子５１と
しては、負磁歪性を有するＳｍＦｅ2 等を用いることが
望ましい。 （実施例５）FIG. 4B shows a cross section of a modification of using the preload spring. As shown in the figure, the preload spring 64
Is arranged on the back side of the force point 61 of the displacement transmitting jig 60, it is possible to vibrate the vibrating member 55 by expanding the displacement in the negative direction. In this case, it is desirable to use SmFe 2 or the like having negative magnetostriction as the displacement generating element 51. (Example 5)
【００３６】図５は、本発明の実施例５の磁歪式変位発
生装置の断面を示す。この実施例は、実施例４の変更例
であり、変位拡大機構を１対配設することにより、２つ
の振動部材５５ａ、５５ｂを同時に振動させることが可
能となる。従って、両方向に音波を発生させることがで
きる。FIG. 5 shows a cross section of a magnetostrictive displacement generator according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is a modification of the fourth embodiment, and by disposing a pair of displacement magnifying mechanisms, it becomes possible to vibrate the two vibrating members 55a and 55b at the same time. Therefore, sound waves can be generated in both directions.
【００３７】本発明に係るスピーカーには、電気回路６
５を内蔵させることも可能である。電気回路６５は、例
えば、電池、増幅器等からなり、駆動部材への制御信号
を発生させることができる。The speaker according to the present invention includes an electric circuit 6
It is also possible to incorporate 5 in it. The electric circuit 65 includes, for example, a battery, an amplifier, etc., and can generate a control signal to the driving member.
【００３８】さらに、電気回路６５の代りに、油入りゴ
ム容器を内蔵させることも可能である。油入りゴム容器
によれば、例えば当該装置を水中で使用する場合に生じ
る水圧がゴム容器を圧縮し、これにより生じる圧力が容
器内部に充填した同質の油に作用するため、結果として
内圧と外圧とが同等となるように自動調整することが可
能となる。 （実施例６）Further, instead of the electric circuit 65, an oil-filled rubber container can be incorporated. According to the oil-filled rubber container, for example, the water pressure generated when the device is used in water compresses the rubber container, and the resulting pressure acts on the homogeneous oil filled inside the container, resulting in internal pressure and external pressure. It becomes possible to automatically adjust so that and become equal. (Example 6)
【００３９】図６は、上述の実施例５を基本構造とした
無指向性の磁歪性スピーカーを示す断面図である。本ス
ピーカーは８枚の振動部材５５ａ、５５ｂ、５５ｃ…を
有する円柱状をなす。各振動部材は、夫々対応の変位伝
達治具６０ａ、６０ｂ、６０ｃ…を介して駆動機構７０
に接続される。駆動機構７０は上記変位発生素子および
磁界発生部材を具備する。なお振動部材の数は、用途に
より任意の値にすることができる。 （実施例７）FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing an omnidirectional magnetostrictive speaker having the basic structure of the above-mentioned fifth embodiment. This speaker has a columnar shape having eight vibrating members 55a, 55b, 55c ... Each of the vibrating members is driven by a drive mechanism 70 via corresponding displacement transmitting jigs 60a, 60b, 60c.
Connected to. The drive mechanism 70 includes the displacement generating element and the magnetic field generating member. The number of vibrating members can be set to any value depending on the application. (Example 7)
【００４０】図７は、上述の実施例４を基本構造とした
無指向性の磁歪性スピーカーを示す断面図である。本ス
ピーカーは８枚の振動部材５５ａ、５５ｂ、５５ｃ…を
有する円柱状をなす。各振動部材は、夫々対応の変位伝
達治具６０ａ、６０ｂ、６０ｃ…を介して夫々対応の駆
動機構７０ａ、７０ｂ、７０ｃ…に接続される。各駆動
機構は上記変位発生素子および磁界発生部材を具備す
る。なお振動部材の数は、用途により任意の値にするこ
とができる。この実施例では、実施例６に比べてより大
きな出力を得ることが可能となる。FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing an omnidirectional magnetostrictive speaker having the basic structure of the above-described fourth embodiment. This speaker has a columnar shape having eight vibrating members 55a, 55b, 55c ... The respective vibration members are connected to the corresponding drive mechanisms 70a, 70b, 70c ... Through the corresponding displacement transmission jigs 60a, 60b, 60c. Each drive mechanism includes the displacement generating element and the magnetic field generating member. The number of vibrating members can be set to any value depending on the application. In this embodiment, a larger output can be obtained as compared with the sixth embodiment.
【００４１】[0041]
【発明の効果】本発明に係る磁歪式変位発生装置によれ
ば、磁歪性を有する変位発生素子と変位拡大機構と一体
化構造により、高出力、大変位を効率良く発生させるこ
とが可能となる。According to the magnetostrictive displacement generating device of the present invention, it is possible to efficiently generate a high output and a large displacement by the integrated structure of the displacement generating element having the magnetostrictive property and the displacement magnifying mechanism. ..
【図１】（ａ）は本発明の実施例１に係る磁歪式スピー
カを示す断面図、（ｂ）はその変更例を示す断面図。1A is a sectional view showing a magnetostrictive speaker according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a sectional view showing a modification thereof.
【図２】本発明の実施例２に係る磁歪式アクチュエータ
を示す断面図。FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a magnetostrictive actuator according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】本発明の実施例３に係る磁歪式アクチュエータ
を示す断面図。FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a magnetostrictive actuator according to a third embodiment of the invention.
【図４】（ａ）は本発明の実施例４に係る磁歪式スピー
カを示す断面図、（ｂ）はその変更例を示す断面図。4A is a sectional view showing a magnetostrictive speaker according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4B is a sectional view showing a modification thereof.
【図５】本発明の実施例５に係る磁歪式スピーカを示す
断面図。FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a magnetostrictive speaker according to a fifth embodiment of the invention.
【図６】本発明の実施例６に係る磁歪式スピーカを示す
展開斜視図であり、本実施例は実施例５を基本構造とす
る。FIG. 6 is a developed perspective view showing a magnetostrictive speaker according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention, and the present embodiment is based on the fifth embodiment.
【図７】本発明の実施例７に係る磁歪式スピーカを示す
展開斜視図であり、本実施例は実施例４を基本構造とす
る。FIG. 7 is a developed perspective view showing a magnetostrictive speaker according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention, and this embodiment has Embodiment 4 as a basic structure.
１、５１…変位発生素子、２、５２…駆動コイル、３、
５３…支持材、４、５４…容器、５、５５…振動部材、
７、５７…予圧スプリング、１０…変位伝達治具、１
１、６１…力点、１２、６２…支点、１３、６３…作用
点、４０、７０…駆動部材。1, 51 ... Displacement generating element, 2, 52 ... Drive coil, 3,
53 ... Support material, 4, 54 ... Container, 5, 55 ... Vibrating member,
7, 57 ... Preload spring, 10 ... Displacement transmission jig, 1
1, 61 ... Power point, 12, 62 ... Support point, 13, 63 ... Action point, 40, 70 ... Driving member.
Claims (1)
素子と、前記変位発生素子に磁界を付与するように前記
変位発生素子の周囲に配設され且つ前記変位発生素子と
共に駆動機構を構成する磁界発生部材と、前記変位発生
素子の変位部にその力点が係合するように配設されたテ
コ式変位拡大機構と、前記テコ式変位拡大機構の作用点
に係合するように配設された変位出力部と、を具備する
磁歪式変位発生装置。1. A displacement generating element made of a magnetic material having a magnetostrictive property, and a displacement generating element which is arranged around the displacement generating element so as to apply a magnetic field to the displacement generating element and constitutes a drive mechanism together with the displacement generating element. A magnetic field generating member, a lever type displacement magnifying mechanism arranged so that its force point engages with a displacement portion of the displacement generating element, and a magnetic field generating member arranged so as to engage with an action point of the lever type displacement magnifying mechanism. Displacement output unit, and a magnetostrictive displacement generator.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4037388A JPH05236595A (en) | 1992-02-25 | 1992-02-25 | Magnetostriction displacement generator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4037388A JPH05236595A (en) | 1992-02-25 | 1992-02-25 | Magnetostriction displacement generator |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05236595A true JPH05236595A (en) | 1993-09-10 |
Family
ID=12496148
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4037388A Pending JPH05236595A (en) | 1992-02-25 | 1992-02-25 | Magnetostriction displacement generator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH05236595A (en) |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1999007063A1 (en) * | 1997-08-04 | 1999-02-11 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Actuator, and clock and annunciator mounted with the same |
| JP2002354853A (en) * | 1997-08-04 | 2002-12-06 | Seiko Epson Corp | Actuator, watch and informing device using the same |
| EP1512888A2 (en) | 2003-09-05 | 2005-03-09 | Sony Corporation | Lever-arm displacement-increasing device |
| JP2007166027A (en) * | 2005-12-09 | 2007-06-28 | Sony Corp | Loudspeaker device and method for outputting sound |
| JP2009225547A (en) * | 2008-03-14 | 2009-10-01 | Sony Corp | Magnetostriction actuator and electronic unit using the same |
| JP2010067734A (en) * | 2008-09-10 | 2010-03-25 | Panasonic Corp | Magnetostriction actuator |
| US20100242673A1 (en) * | 2009-03-25 | 2010-09-30 | Eto Magnetic Gmbh | Actuator apparatus |
| US9800980B2 (en) | 2015-09-14 | 2017-10-24 | Wing Acoustics Limited | Hinge systems for audio transducers and audio transducers or devices incorporating the same |
| US11137803B2 (en) | 2017-03-22 | 2021-10-05 | Wing Acoustics Limited | Slim electronic devices and audio transducers incorporated therein |
| US11166100B2 (en) | 2017-03-15 | 2021-11-02 | Wing Acoustics Limited | Bass optimization for audio systems and devices |
| WO2023095943A1 (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2023-06-01 | 나자경 | Platform for deformable mirrorplatform for deformable mirror |
-
1992
- 1992-02-25 JP JP4037388A patent/JPH05236595A/en active Pending
Cited By (23)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1999007063A1 (en) * | 1997-08-04 | 1999-02-11 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Actuator, and clock and annunciator mounted with the same |
| JP2002354853A (en) * | 1997-08-04 | 2002-12-06 | Seiko Epson Corp | Actuator, watch and informing device using the same |
| JP3387101B2 (en) * | 1997-08-04 | 2003-03-17 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Actuator, clock and alarm device using the same |
| EP1512888A2 (en) | 2003-09-05 | 2005-03-09 | Sony Corporation | Lever-arm displacement-increasing device |
| EP1512888A3 (en) * | 2003-09-05 | 2009-12-02 | Sony Corporation | Lever-arm displacement-increasing device |
| JP2007166027A (en) * | 2005-12-09 | 2007-06-28 | Sony Corp | Loudspeaker device and method for outputting sound |
| KR101362953B1 (en) * | 2005-12-09 | 2014-02-12 | 소니 주식회사 | Speaker and method of outputting acoustic sound |
| US8090140B2 (en) | 2005-12-09 | 2012-01-03 | Sony Corporation | Speaker and method of outputting acoustic sound |
| JP2009225547A (en) * | 2008-03-14 | 2009-10-01 | Sony Corp | Magnetostriction actuator and electronic unit using the same |
| JP2010067734A (en) * | 2008-09-10 | 2010-03-25 | Panasonic Corp | Magnetostriction actuator |
| US8378532B2 (en) * | 2009-03-25 | 2013-02-19 | Eto Magnetic Gmbh | Actuator apparatus responsive to electrical activation |
| US20100242673A1 (en) * | 2009-03-25 | 2010-09-30 | Eto Magnetic Gmbh | Actuator apparatus |
| US9800980B2 (en) | 2015-09-14 | 2017-10-24 | Wing Acoustics Limited | Hinge systems for audio transducers and audio transducers or devices incorporating the same |
| US10244325B2 (en) | 2015-09-14 | 2019-03-26 | Wing Acoustics Limited | Audio transducer and audio devices incorporating the same |
| US10701490B2 (en) | 2015-09-14 | 2020-06-30 | Wing Acoustics Limited | Audio transducers |
| US10887701B2 (en) | 2015-09-14 | 2021-01-05 | Wing Acoustics Limited | Audio transducers |
| US11102582B2 (en) | 2015-09-14 | 2021-08-24 | Wing Acoustics Limited | Audio transducers and devices incorporating the same |
| US11490205B2 (en) | 2015-09-14 | 2022-11-01 | Wing Acoustics Limited | Audio transducers |
| US11716571B2 (en) | 2015-09-14 | 2023-08-01 | Wing Acoustics Limited | Relating to audio transducers |
| US11968510B2 (en) | 2015-09-14 | 2024-04-23 | Wing Acoustics Limited | Audio transducers |
| US11166100B2 (en) | 2017-03-15 | 2021-11-02 | Wing Acoustics Limited | Bass optimization for audio systems and devices |
| US11137803B2 (en) | 2017-03-22 | 2021-10-05 | Wing Acoustics Limited | Slim electronic devices and audio transducers incorporated therein |
| WO2023095943A1 (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2023-06-01 | 나자경 | Platform for deformable mirrorplatform for deformable mirror |
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