JPH05230858A - Non-drain type water toilet - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enhance the purification degree of water by using a filter, formed of coarse aggregate, bone charcoal, fine aggregate and cement, as the filter of a contact aerator, and decoloring-sterilizing treated water by ozonization in a decoloring-sterilizing drum. CONSTITUTION:Wastes to be treated W0 from a water closet 1 is separated into solid wastes and sewage water W1 in a separative precipitator 3, and the sewage water W1 is transferred into a first aerator 4a. The sewage water W1 is subjected to aeration treatment for many hours in the aerator 4a so as to decompose included organic substance and the like by aerobic microorganisms bred being stuck to a filler 13. Treated water W2 from the aerator 4a is then transferred into a second aerator 4b with bone charcoal as a filler 14 for the concentrated removal of remaining color components. Treated water W3 is then subjected to the separation of sludge and the like in a precipitator 5 and sent into a decoloring-sterilizing drum 6 so as to be subjected to decoloring-sterilizing treatment by ozonization, thus obtaining purified water W close to fresh water. The water W is further transferred into a low tank 2 by a circulating pump 11. The treated water can be thereby purified to a high degree.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement of a flush toilet using a septic tank, which is capable of completely cleaning sewage with high efficiency by aeration for a very long time and reusing treated water which is almost clean water. By doing so, the present invention relates to a non-drainage type flush toilet in which there is no discomfort to the user.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In areas where sewerage facilities are not complete, flush toilets using septic tanks are often used. However, with this type of flush toilet, the treated water must be discharged from the septic tank to the outside, so its installation is restricted in areas such as national parks and drainage channels that cannot be deliberately discharged. There is a problem that is.

On the other hand, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, various non-drainage type flush toilets in which treated water is reused in a circulating manner have been developed. 3 and 4 show a typical example of a conventional non-drainage type flush toilet. That is,
In the flush toilet of FIG. 3, a special solution that has a small specific gravity and is difficult to mix with human waste is used as the flush water A, which is circulated through the circulation pump B, the filter C, the flush toilet D, and the separation tank E. The raw human waste F extracted from the separation tank E is incinerated by the incinerator G. In FIG. 3, H is a crusher, I is a storage tank,
J is a pump and K is a fuel tank. Further, in the flush toilet of FIG. 4, the raw sewage is put into the storage tank I, and the supernatant sewage is introduced into the reclaimed water tank L for aeration treatment, and the treated water M subjected to the aeration treatment is disinfectant in the regeneration box N. After being sterilized and filtered by the above method, it is circulated to the flush toilet D as wash water A '. In FIG. 4, L ₁ is a precipitation chamber, L ₂ is a contact aeration chamber, and L ₃ is a fresh water chamber. In the case of a 5-person tank, the total capacity of the storage tank I and the precipitation chamber L ₁ is about 0. .5m ^3, contact aeration chamber L ₂ is about 1 m ^3, Shimizu chamber L ₃ are respectively selected approximately 0.5 m ^3.

By the way, in the flush toilet shown in FIG. 3, the excrement odor is transferred to the flush water A ', resulting in an extremely unpleasant odor. In addition, it is basically necessary to incinerate the raw sewage separated in the separation tank E, and a separate incinerator is required, so that the facility cost rises and the fuel cost increases. Further, it is necessary to operate the incinerator intermittently, and there is a drawback that the processing operation takes too much time.

In the flush toilet shown in FIG. 4,
As a contact filter for the contact aeration chamber L ₂ , a special purifying agent containing porous lapilli as a base material (disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 64-6838).
Is used to achieve a more advanced purification of sewage. However, it can be expected that the purification agent using the above-mentioned volcanic gravel as a base material will regenerate biologically like activated carbon, that is, COD adsorbed on activated carbon and chromaticity components will be decomposed by microorganisms that have propagated around the activated carbon to regenerate activated carbon. However, the removal rate of COD, chromaticity, etc. deteriorates with time, and the circulating water A ′ is colored and odorous, which causes discomfort to the toilet user. Even if the treated water M is disinfected in the regeneration box N, there is still a drawback that the circulated water A ′ still has odor and colored pollution.

[0006]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has the above-mentioned problems in the conventional drainage flush toilet of this kind, that is, in the system using the incinerator, the odor transfer of flush water (cleaning liquid) and The equipment cost and treatment cost will rise, and in the conventional drainage flush toilet that uses the separate contact aeration type septic tank, the cleanliness of water is low and the circulating water A becomes colorless and transparent fresh water. It is impossible to make them close to each other, and it is to solve problems such as giving discomfort to toilet users, improving contact filter media to improve aeration treatment capacity and to make it a decolorization sterilization tank. It is an object of the present invention to provide a non-drainage type flush toilet that can obtain treated water in a state close to fresh water by making improvements.

[0007]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to a flush toilet, a settling separation tank for receiving an object to be treated from the flush toilet, a contact aeration tank for treating wastewater from the precipitation separation tank, and a treatment from the contact aeration tank. A non-drainage flush toilet comprising a settling tank for treating treated water, a decolorization sterilization tank for treating treated water from the precipitation tank, and a circulation pump for transferring the treated water from the decolorization sterilization tank to a flush toilet. The filler of the contact aeration tank is a filler composed of coarse aggregate, bone charcoal, fine aggregate and cement, and the decolorizing sterilization tank is configured to decolorize and sterilize the treated water by ozone treatment. This is the basic configuration of the invention.

[0008]

The object to be treated W ₀ from the flush toilet 1 is separated into the solid matter and the sewage W ₁ in the settling separation tank 3, and the separated sewage W ₁ is admitted to the first aeration tank 4a. The transferred wastewater W ₁ is subjected to aeration treatment for a long time in the first aeration tank 4a, and the aerobic microorganisms adhering to and propagating on the filler 13 decompose the organic matter contained therein. Since the filler 13 contains bone charcoal, the human excrement chromaticity component contained therein is also efficiently decomposed. The treated water W ₂ from the first aeration tank 4a is subsequently transferred to the second aeration tank 4b containing bone charcoal as the filler 14, and the residual chromaticity component is intensively removed here. The treated water W ₃ from which the chromaticity component has been almost completely removed is separated into sludge and the like in the settling tank 5 and then sent to the decolorization sterilization tank 6 where it is subjected to decolorization and sterilization processing by ozone treatment. As a result, the wash water W is in a state substantially similar to fresh water.
Aseptic, colorless and odorless clean water W that has been decolorized and sterilized is returned to the low tank 2 by the pump 11 and used for cleaning the flush toilet 1.

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a non-drainage type flush toilet according to the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a flush toilet bowl, 2 is a low tank, 3 is a precipitation separation tank, 4 is an aeration tank, and 4a is a first aeration. Tank 4b is a second aeration tank, 5 is a precipitation tank, 6 is a decolorization sterilization tank, 7a and 7b are sludge pumping lines, 8 is a blower, 9
Is an ozone generator, 10 is a deodorizer, 11 is a circulation pump, 1
2 is an air diffuser and 13 and 14 are fillers.

The sedimentation separation tank 3 receives the washing water W discharged from the flush toilet 1 and a mixture (treatment object) W ₀ such as human waste, and separates it into solid matter and sewage W _1. It becomes a solid material storage part. A discharge port for the wastewater W ₁ is provided at an intermediate portion of the sedimentation separation tank 3, and the separated wastewater W ₁ is sequentially admitted into the first aeration tank 4a. The sludge collected at the bottom of the settling separation tank 3 is the sludge pumping line 7
Through a, it is discharged twice a year by a vacuum car or the like.

The first aeration tank 4a forms a so-called contact aeration tank, and the organic matter in the wastewater W ₁ becomes CO by the action of aerobic microorganisms propagated on the outer surface of the filler (contact filter medium) 13. It decomposes into ₂ and H ₂ O. Further, in the first aeration tank 4a, an air diffuser 12 and a filler (contact filter medium) 13 are arranged as is known, and in this embodiment, the filler 13 is coarse aggregate and A mixture of fine aggregate and bone charcoal, to which water and cement have been added, solidified and crushed to an appropriate size, is used. The mixing ratio (volume ratio) of each component in the filler 13 is selected to be about 45% coarse aggregate, about 15% fine aggregate, about 20% bone charcoal, and about 20% cement.

The coarse aggregate forms the base material of the filler 13, and porous volcanic gravel, semi-molten clinker ash, coke ash, artificial foam aggregate and the like are used. Further, the coarse aggregate propagates a large amount of aerobic microorganisms,
By holding this, the contaminants can be efficiently purified. Further, the fine aggregates function as a so-called coarse aggregate binder.

The bone charcoal in the filler 13 is mainly used for removing the chromaticity component in the contaminant, and the chromaticity component, which is a contaminant that is difficult to be decomposed directly and efficiently by microorganisms, is converted into the bone-bearing charcoal. Adsorb. Further, the chromaticity component adsorbed and concentrated on the bone charcoal is sequentially decomposed as a microorganism that selectively decomposes the chromaticity component propagates around the bone charcoal. In addition, since the chromaticity component adsorbed on bone charcoal is decomposed by the action of the microorganism that selectively decomposes the chromaticity component as described above, the adsorption performance of bone charcoal is automatically regenerated, and the decolorizing function is almost permanent. Will hold.

FIG. 2 shows the adsorption characteristics of bone charcoal and activated charcoal with respect to the human excrement (humic acid) chromaticity components. As is clear from FIG. 2, bone charcoal has a better adsorption performance for human waste chromaticity components than activated charcoal and is inexpensive. Therefore, in the present invention, bone charcoal is used for removing the chromaticity component. The bone charcoal shown in FIG. 2 was produced by a carbonization method using defatted beef bone as a raw material, and its components were 10% carbon, 73% calcium phosphate, 8% carbonic acid, calcium carbonate, magnesium phosphate, etc. Others are 8%. Further, Table 1 shows the relationship between the pore diameter and the surface area of the bone charcoal and the activated carbon (palm shell) used in the adsorption performance test of FIG.

[0015]

[Table 1]

As is clear from Table 1, the total surface area of bone charcoal is smaller than the total surface area of activated carbon, but bone charcoal is superior in adsorption performance for human saturating chromaticity components. This is due to the difference in pore size (62% for 25-80 angstroms for bone charcoal, while 11.4% for activated charcoal).
%. It is assumed that) has a greater effect on the adsorption performance than the difference in surface area.

In this embodiment, the filling is performed as described above.
As the material 13, a filler containing coarse aggregate and bone charcoal as active ingredients is used.
The filler 13 is used, but other than this, coarse aggregate is used.
And bone charcoal with van sulphate (aluminum sulphate) as the active ingredient
It may be added after that. That is, the filling material
Is a water-soluble form of van sulphate that is adsorbed to the coarse aggregate and dried.
Let it dry, mix it with a certain amount of fine aggregate and bone charcoal, and
After adding cement and water as a binder and hardening,
It is formed by crushing a shaped product into an appropriate size. This
For the filler with the addition of van sulphate, the
The alkalinity resulting from the
And the SS separation in the precipitation tank 5 in the next step
Performance is improved. In other words, the first one is composed mainly of coarse aggregate and bone charcoal.
With the filler 13 of the first embodiment, the operation of the first aeration tank 4a is started.
Immediately after that, due to the influence of cement material, wastewater W in the tank ₁PH value is 9.
Rises above 0, which delays microbial growth
May occur, but with a filler containing vanadium sulfate
Has no such inconvenience.

The second aeration tank 4b is mainly intended to remove the chromaticity component in the sewage flowing in from the first aeration tank 4a, and the inside thereof has bone charcoal or a filler 14 containing bone charcoal as a main component. Is filled. In the second aeration tank 4b, the chromaticity component in the treated water W ₂ is adsorbed by the bone charcoal that is the filler 14 as described above, and the human excrement type chromaticity component propagated on the outer surface of the bone charcoal is selectively selected. The adsorbed chromaticity component is decomposed and removed by a microorganism that decomposes efficiently.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the aeration tank 4 is formed of the first aeration tank 4a and the second aeration tank 4b, but the first aeration tank 4a alone is used to remove the wastewater W _{1 from the} inside. When the chromaticity component can be sufficiently removed, the second aeration tank 4b containing bone charcoal as a filler may be omitted. Further, in the present embodiment, the precipitation separation tank 3 is separate from the aeration tank 4, but the both may be integrated together.

The settling tank 5 is used for settling and separating microbial fragments and other suspended matter that could not be decomposed in the aeration tank 4, and sludge and the like are separated and removed from the SS and the treated water W ₃ . The sludge accumulated on the bottom of the settling tank 5 is discharged to the outside of the tank by a vacuum truck or the like through the sludge pumping line 7b at a rate of about twice / year.

The decolorization sterilization tank 6 decolorizes and sterilizes the treated water W ₄ from the precipitation tank 5. In the case where the treated water W ₄ extracted from the settling tank 5 is not provided with the second aeration tank 4b using the bone charcoal filling material 14,
As shown in Table 2, a chromaticity component of about 100 degrees remains, and if this is used as it is for washing water, it causes discomfort to the toilet user. Moreover, since the remaining slightly in the treated water W ₄ is generally bacteria, to sterilize the treated water W ₄ from the viewpoint of ensuring safety in hygienic desirable.

[0022]

[Table 2]

In this embodiment, the decolorization and the sterilization are simultaneously performed by aeration type ozone treatment. That is,
Blowing the ozone-treated ozonized air through the ozone generator 9 into the treated water W ₄ from the bottom of the tank simultaneously performs decolorization and sterilization. By performing the decolorization / sterilization treatment with the ozonized air, the chromaticity of the treated water W ₄ is lowered from 90 to 150 degrees to about 30 degrees, and the general bacteria and Escherichia coli are 300 cells / ml or less and 1 or less. The number is reduced to less than the number of water / ml and becomes clean water close to the standard of tap water (less than 100 / ml and 0 / ml).

Any method may be used for decolorization and sterilization, for example, a method in which treated water W ₄ is dropped in the form of a shower from above and ozonized air is blown into this to bring it into a gas-liquid contact. Alternatively, the decolorizing agent and the sterilizing agent may be mixed into the treated water W ₄ simultaneously or separately. In addition, the second aeration tank 4 using the bone charcoal as the filler 14
When b is provided, the chromaticity component in the treated water W ₂ is 3
Since the water W ₃ is sufficiently removed at 0 ° or less, the treated water W ₃ is in a nearly colorless state (chromaticity of 30 or less). Therefore, in this case, the decolorizing function in the decolorizing sterilization tank 6 is not necessary, and the sterilization process is sufficient.

The deodorizer 10 treats the exhaust gas after aeration with ozonized air, and in this embodiment, the activated carbon filter removes the residual ozone in the exhaust gas. Although not shown in FIG. 1, a filter is provided on the inflow side of the circulation pump 11 as necessary to remove solid matters in the wash water W.

Next, the operation of the non-drainage type flush toilet according to the present invention will be described. In the present invention, the standard water load is set to 1.4 L / person · day, and the dwell time of human waste is 60 days for the sedimentation separation tank 3 and the aeration tank (the first aeration tank 4).
a and the second aeration tank 4b) for 60 to 180 days, the precipitation tank 5 for about 30 days (total residence time of the entire septic tank = about 150 to 27)
The size of each tank is selected so that it will be 0 days). For example, if the total residence time of the entire septic tank is about 270 days, the precipitation separation tank 3 is selected to be about 0.4 m ³ , the contact aeration tank 4 is selected to be about 1.3 m ³ , and the precipitation tank 5 is selected to be about 0.2 m ^3. Was
The total capacity of the tank is about 1.9 m ³ (1.4 l / day × 5 people × 27
0 days ≈ 1.9 m ³ ). First, in the mixture (processing object) W ₀ of the wash water W and the human waste discharged from the toilet 1, the solid matter is separated in the sedimentation separation tank 3, and only the dirty water W ₁ is transferred to the aeration tank 4. It Sewage W transferred into the aeration tank 4
₁ is subjected to contact aeration treatment in the first aeration tank 4a and the second aeration tank 4b for about 90 days.

In the present invention, since the aeration is performed for an extremely long period of time over 60 to 180 days, the value of so-called aeration load (organic matter amount / microorganism amount) becomes small and the growth and digestion of microorganisms is low. Balance. As a result, the purifying action is sufficiently advanced, and there is a sufficient margin for fluctuations in the quality of water flowing into the aeration tank. Further, in the conventional separate contact aeration type single septic tank, the retention time of the aeration tank is set to about 5 days (load standard 50 L / person / day) based on the structural standard. Similarly, the total residence time of the whole septic tank is about 23.
It is about a day. Therefore, in the present invention, the residence time in the aeration tank 4 is about 12 to 10 times as compared with the conventional septic tank.
It is 36 times (60 to 180/5) and the residence time in the whole tank is about 6.5 to 11 times (150 to 270/23). However, the total volume of the tank is approximately 1.15 m ³ in the conventional separation contact aeration method, which is equivalent to a 5-person tank, whereas in the present invention, the retention time is approximately 1.05 when the retention time is 150 days.
m ³ (about 1.9 m ³ when the number of days of stay is 270 days), and there is no great difference between the two. In other words, effluent water is generated in the conventional separative contact aeration type septic tank regardless of the almost same overall tank volume, whereas the purifying device of the present invention can eliminate the effluent water, and the ultralong length Time aeration is one of the features of the present invention.

The treated water W ₃ discharged from the second aeration tank 4b is transferred to the precipitation tank 5, where solids and SS are separated. The treated water W ₄ from which solids and the like have been separated is decolorized and sterilized in the decolorization sterilization tank 6, and then pumped to the raw tank 2 as washing water W.

In the present invention, the apparatus for treating human waste is a sedimentation separation tank 3, an aeration tank 4 filled with a contact material using coarse aggregate and bone charcoal as a base material, a precipitation tank 5, and ozone treatment. Since it is composed of a decolorization sterilization tank 6 that utilizes water, and colorless, odorless, and sterile processed water that is almost decolorized and sterilized and circulates as flushing water W to the flush toilet, it can be used for non-drainage toilets as well. In spite of this, it is possible to eliminate any discomfort for the toilet user. Particularly, in the present invention, the filler 1 for the aeration tank
Since a filler containing coarse aggregate and bone charcoal as active ingredients is used as 3, the human urinary chromaticity component can be efficiently decomposed and removed, and the adsorption performance of bone charcoal is automatically regenerated.
The chromaticity of the treated water will be greatly reduced and the maintenance of the aeration tank will be easy. Further, in the present invention, the decolorization sterilization tank is a decolorization sterilization tank using an ozone treatment system, and the treated water W
_{Since 4} is decolorized and sterilized by ozone treatment, it is possible to obtain the cleaning water W with extremely high purity. Furthermore, in the present invention, since the aeration treatment time and the entire purification treatment time are remarkably lengthened as compared with the conventional apparatus of this type, and the filler is used which is excellent in the decomposition performance of organic substances, The treated water discharged from the aeration treatment tank 4 can be made extremely highly purified without significantly increasing the size of the apparatus, and in particular, a second aeration tank having bone charcoal as a filler is provided. In this case, it is possible to obtain treated water that is almost similar to fresh water, and it has excellent practical utility.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a structural explanatory view of a drainageless flush toilet according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows the adsorption performance of bone charcoal and activated charcoal for human excrement chromaticity components.

FIG. 3 is a structural explanatory view of a conventional non-drainage type flush toilet.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of the structure of another conventional non-drainage type flush toilet.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 is a flush toilet, 2 is a low tank, 3 is a precipitation separation tank, 4 is an aeration tank, 4a is a first aeration tank, 4b is a second aeration tank, 5 is a precipitation tank, 6 is a decolorization sterilization tank, and 7a and 7b are sludge. Pumping line, 8 is a blower, 9 is an ozone generator, 10 is a deodorizer,
11 is a circulation pump, 12 is an air diffuser, 13 is a first aeration tank filling material, 14 is a second aeration tank filling material, W is cleaning water, W ₀ is an object to be treated, W ₁ is waste water, and W _{2 to} W ₄ Is treated water.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁵ Identification code Office reference number FI technical display location C02F 9/00 A 8515-4D E03D 5/016 7705-2D

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A flush toilet bowl, a sedimentation separation tank for receiving an object to be treated from the flush toilet bowl, a contact aeration tank for treating dirty water from the sedimentation tank, and a precipitation tank for treating the treated water from the contact aeration tank. In the non-drainage flush toilet comprising the decolorization sterilization tank for treating the treated water from the settling tank and the circulation pump for transferring the treated water from the decolorization sterilization tank to the flush toilet, the contact aeration tank The non-drainage flush toilet in which the filling material is a filling material composed of coarse aggregate, bone charcoal, fine aggregate and cement, and the decolorization sterilization tank decolorizes and sterilizes the treated water by ozone treatment. 2. The sewage retention time in the contact aeration tank is about 60 to 180 days, and the total retention time of the treated products in each tank is about 150 to 270 days. No drainage flush toilet. 3. The non-drainage type flush toilet according to claim 1, wherein the filling material of the contact aeration tank is a filling material composed of coarse aggregate, bone charcoal, fine aggregate, van sulphate soil and cement. 4. The contact aeration tank is divided into a first aeration tank and a second aeration tank, and the filling material of the second aeration tank in the latter stage is made of bone charcoal or a material containing bone charcoal as a main component. Item 1. A drainageless flush toilet according to item 1.