JPH05219832A - New raising seedling soil and its preparation - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To produce raising seedling soil having high quality or effective in suppressing the damage by soil blights by incorporating cake discharged from a water-purification plant with an organic substance, three elements of fertilizer and optionally an antagonistic microorganism. CONSTITUTION:Raising seedling soil having high quality and effective in suppressing the damage by soil blights can be produced by incorporating cake discharged from a water-purification plant with compost, peat moss, 2-oxo-4- methyl-6-ureidohexahydropyrimidine, rinster (a phosphatic fertilizer), potassium sulfate and optionally antagonistic microorganisms.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a new seedling cultivation soil using a purified water cake and a method for producing the same. More specifically,
On the purified water cake, compost and peat moss, and 2-oxo-4-methyl-6-ureidohexahydropyrimidine,
The present invention relates to a new seedling cultivation soil obtained by adding linster and potassium sulfate, and a microorganism having an antagonistic effect on plant pathogens, and a method for producing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Agricultural uses of water-purified cakes are reported in detail in "Water-treated cakes: characteristics and problems in agricultural use" edited by Japan Society of Soil Fertilizers (Hakuyusha). In water purification treatment, polyaluminum oxide is usually used as a coagulant, so the water purification cake contains a large amount of soluble aluminum, and this active aluminum lowers the effective phosphoric acid content in the water purification cake. It increases the absorption coefficient and causes phosphate deficiency in crops. In addition, naturally-occurring manganese contained in the suspended matter in the raw water enhances the manganese content in the purified water cake. As a result, crops that are sensitive to manganese excess cause damage, and in fact, purified water cakes are rarely used in agriculture.

[0003]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The purified water cake is still treated as industrial waste. The purpose of the present invention is to
This is to prevent aluminum and manganese contained in a large amount in the purified water cake from damaging the crops, provide the purified water cake as seedling cultivation soil necessary for agricultural production, and reduce the occurrence of soil diseases.

[0004]

[Means for Solving the Problems] As a result of many years, the present inventor has conducted research on good-quality ripening of compost, research on effects of fertilizers on microorganisms and crops, and research on microbial control of soil diseases. , It was found that humic acid substances and phosphate fertilizers in compost suppress aluminum and manganese, which are harmful to crops contained in the purified water cake. Further, the present inventor has conducted a study on seedling raising seedling cultivation soil using water-purified cake as a main raw material and seedling raising cultivation soil for reducing soil diseases based on the above findings. As a result, compost and peat moss as organic substances; phosphate fertilizers (especially Linster) and nitrogen fertilizers (especially 2-oxo-4-methyl-6-) as fertilizers.
Ureidohexahydropyrimidine) and potash fertilizer (particularly potassium sulfate), or by adding an antagonistic microorganism to it together with the water purification cake, and found that a seedling seedling soil or seedling seedling soil for reducing soil diseases can be obtained, and the present invention has been completed. Let

That is, according to the present invention, a novel seedling cultivating soil obtained by adding compost and peat moss, and phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer to a purified water cake; and further adding a microorganism having an antagonistic effect on plant pathogens. New seedling cultivation soil;
A method for producing a new seedling cultivating soil obtained by adding compost and peat moss, and phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer to a purified water cake; and further adding the microorganism having an antagonistic effect to plant pathogenic fungus It is a manufacturing method.

The water purification cake used in the present invention is not particularly limited and may be any water purification cake, which is usually obtained by adding a flocculant such as polyaluminum oxide or aluminum sulfate to a water purification plant. The compost targeted by the present invention may be any commonly known compost, rice straw, barley, bark, sawdust, livestock manure, various materials such as municipal waste compost is naturally deposited or artificially mechanically processed. , A compost obtained by a conventional method. The amount added to the purified water cake is usually 25 to 50% by volume, preferably 35 to 40% by volume in the seedling raising soil of the present invention. The timing of addition is
There is no particular limitation, and any one may be used. For example, when the seedling-growing soil is produced, it can be added to and mixed with the purified water cake, or can be added and mixed with the purified water cake in advance to produce the seedling-grown soil after several months. The peat moss targeted by the present invention may be any peat commonly known to those skilled in the art, and includes peat that has been selected and dried or processed.
The amount added to the purified water cake is usually 5 in the nursery soil of the present invention.
-15% by volume, preferably 8-12% by volume. As for the timing of addition, it is possible to add it to the purified water cake in advance, mix and deposit it, and produce the seedling-raising soil after several months, but it is preferable to add and mix it immediately before producing the seedling-raising soil.

As the phosphate fertilizer, Linster is most preferable for the reasons described below, but any phosphorus fertilizer can be used as long as it can reduce the damage of aluminum. Examples of the phosphate fertilizer include lime superphosphate and lime superphosphate. Examples include magnesia superphosphate. Further, salts such as monopotassium phosphate and dipotassium phosphate can also be used. When seedlings of the Solanaceae plant are cultivated in a soil with a high phosphate absorption coefficient in a low temperature environment, phosphate absorption is inhibited and anthocyans are harmed. Linster is the best as a phosphate fertilizer to alleviate this damage.
The phosphoric acid fertilizer has a phosphoric acid component content of usually 800 to 1,300 mg / liter, preferably 1,000 to 1,100 mg / liter in the nursery soil of the present invention. Examples of potash fertilizers include potash fertilizers applied for general agriculture, such as potash chloride, potash sulfate, potash sulphate and potash silicate. The amount of the potassium fertilizer to be mixed is usually 40 in the seedling cultivation soil of the present invention.
mg to 120 mg / liter, preferably 50 to 80
mg / liter. As the nitrogen fertilizer, 2-oxo-4-methyl-6-ureidohexahydropyrimidine of slow-acting nitrogen is used, and the mixing amount of the nitrogen component is usually 60 to 150 mg / liter, preferably 10 in the nursery soil of the present invention.
It is 0 to 120 mg / liter.

In the present invention, a compost and a peat moss, and a three-element fertilizer may be added to the purified water cake, together with a microorganism having an antagonistic effect on a plant pathogen. The microorganisms used in the present invention are not particularly limited as long as they have phytopathogenic antagonism, and any of bacteria, actinomycetes, fungi and the like can be used. These microorganisms may be not only live fungi but also freeze-dried live cells and freeze-thawed cells. The microorganism used in the present invention may be a single type or two or more types of the same type. Furthermore, two or more different species may be used at the same time.
The culture of the microorganism used in the present invention may be liquid culture or spores obtained by solid culture. Examples of such antagonistic bacteria include, for example, U.S. Pat.
o. 4647537, Canadian Patent No. 123285
1, Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-61424, Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-61425 and the like. More specifically, the soil- borne plant pathogen Fusarium ( Fusariu)
Bacillus licheniformi with antagonistic activity to m spp )
s ), Thermoactinomyces sp. ( Therm
oactinomyces sp ) and penicillium
SP ( Penicillium sp ); Soil-borne plant pathogenic fungus Corticium lolfushii ( Cortic
um rolfsii ) Aspergillus terrius ( Aspergillus terrius)
eus ) and Trichoderma Viride ( Trichode)
rma viride ) and the like.

When these bacteria are actually added, they may be added to the seedling cultivation soil of the present invention and mixed. The amount of the antagonistic bacterium added is usually 0.02 to 0.1% by volume, preferably 0.04 to 0.06% by volume in the seedling cultivation medium of the present invention. The antagonistic bacteria are added at the time of bagging. The seedling-raising soil obtained by adding the antagonistic bacteria is effective for controlling the occurrence of seedling wilt disease when seedlings of crops are raised, and also has an effect of reducing soil diseases in the home country.

[0010]

As described above, according to the present invention, the purified water cake can be used as a good quality nursery soil. When the seedling cultivation soil obtained by the present invention is applied to the cultivation of seedlings of crops, it is possible to effectively grow seedlings of healthy seedlings and effectively control soil diseases such as seedling wilt disease of seedlings. Further, when it is used in the soil, it can achieve effective control of diseases caused by Fusarium bacterium, for example, and has great significance on effective use of waste and agriculture.

[0011]

The present invention will be described in more detail based on the following test examples and examples, but the present invention is not limited to these test examples and examples. Test Example 1 The effects of aluminum and manganese on the damage to plants were examined, although they were obtained by adding an organic matter in which peat moss was mixed with bark compost to a purified water cake. The purified water cake used was obtained by adding polyaluminum oxide to the water purification plant. As the bark compost, Sumirin Yuki or Sumirin Yukiderma (trade name: manufactured by Sumitomo Forestry Co., Ltd.) was used. Pete moss is commercially available and used from Soviet. As the test plants, tomato (variety: Zuiken) was used to check the damage of aluminum, and melon (variety: Earls) was used to check the damage of manganese. As a test method, seedlings in which two true leaves cultivated in advance were developed were transplanted to a soil having a mixing ratio shown in Table 1, and the seedlings were grown at a low temperature (8 ° C ± 2 ° C) with an artificial weather device. The damage of aluminum was judged by the expression of anthocyan, and the damage of manganese was judged by the generation of spots.

[0012]

[Table 1]

As can be seen from Table 1, the damage of aluminum can be suppressed when the mixing ratio of bark compost is 25% or more by volume and manganese is 20% or more. Test Example 2 Improvement in damage of aluminum by phosphorus fertilizer was investigated. Bark compost and peat moss were added to and mixed with the purified water cake at a volume ratio of 10% to obtain a basic soil. The basic soil is mixed with the phosphate component content of the phosphorus fertilizer shown in Table 2, and the No. 4 polypot is filled with 2 true leaves and 2 tomatoes (cultivar: fast) seedlings planted, and artificial climate of 8 ° C ± 2 ° C. Cryogenic seedlings were grown in the container. The damage of aluminum was determined by the expression of anthocyan as in Test Example 1.

[0014]

[Table 2]

As can be seen from Table 2, Linster is the most excellent phosphorus fertilizer for improving the damage of aluminum, and it can be suppressed at 600 mg / liter of soil. Example 1 By mixing 55% of purified water cake, 35% of bark compost and 10% of peat moss in volume% as a base material for nursery soil, 2-oxo-4-methyl-6-ureidohexahydropyrimidine, phosphorus Star and potassium sulphate are used as 3 elements, and the content of each component is 100, 1,000 and 80m.
The seedling-raising soil was obtained by adding and mixing at g / liter of basic soil. Example 2 Using the seedling-raising soil of the present invention obtained in Example 1, lettuce (variety: Great Lake 54) was subjected to a growth comparison test with a commercial seedling-raising soil. The pots were 6 × 6 hole connection pots, 2 to 3 seeds were sown in each pot, and after germination was completed, thinning was carried out to raise seedlings. The growth survey was carried out 24 days after seeding.

[0016]

[Table 3] T cultivation (product name: Toyokawa cultivation), F cultivation (product name: Fujimi cultivation)

From the results shown in Table 3, it can be seen that the seedling-raising soil of the present invention has a markedly superior effect on lettuce-raising seedlings than the commercially available soil. Example 3 Using the seedling-raising soil of the present invention obtained in Example 1, a commercial seedling-raising soil and a seedling-raising test were conducted on tomatoes (variety: First Power). A 12 cm poly pot was used as a pot, and seedlings 2 weeks after sowing were used as potted seedlings. The growth survey was performed 40 days after the pot was raised.

[0018]

[Table 4]

From the results shown in Table 4, for tomato seedlings, the seedlings grown by the seedling cultivation soil of the present invention had the same results as the commercially available F cultivation soil in plant height, number of leaves and leaf length, but dry matter. It was heavy and excellent. This suggests that the seedlings are well formed, and it is found that the seedlings have a superior effect of raising seedlings than the commercial soil. Example 4 US Patent No. 464753
7. The antagonistic bacterium according to 7 ( Bacillus licheni
formis , Thermoactinomyces
sp , Aspergillus terrus , Tri
choderma viride and Penicill
ium sp ) at a volume ratio of 0.05% was mixed with the seedling-raising soil obtained in Example 1 to obtain a seedling-raising soil for effectively controlling soil diseases.

Example 5 Using the seedling-raising soils obtained in Examples 1 and 4, the effect on the pathogenesis of cucumber seedling wilt (Pythium) was investigated. As the control nursery soil, commercially available F soil was used. Length 47c
40 containers of cucumber (cultivar, blue long four leaf) seeds were sown by packing the above-mentioned three kinds of seedling cultivation soil in a container of m, width 32 cm, and depth 7 cm. Two weeks after sowing, zoospore spores of the pathogenic bacterium were spray-inoculated with about 15 cells / g of live medium and the rate of disease-causing strains thereafter was examined. The results are shown in Fig. 1. From the results shown in FIG. 1, looking at the disease incidence 20 days after the inoculation of the pathogen, the seedling cultivation soils of Example 1 and Example 4 had a much lower disease incidence than the commercially available F soil, and especially the antagonistic bacteria-added seedling cultivation soil (Example 4) showed a remarkable effect, and almost no illness occurred.

Example 6 The control effect of tomato wilt disease (J ₃ ) of the nursery soil obtained in Example 4 was examined. Comparison was made between the conventional seedling cultivation soil (mountain sand 3: cow dung chaff compost 1) and the seedling cultivation soil of Example 4. A No. 5 black polypot was used as a pot, and a sterile seedling with two true leaves spread was raised. For two months after raising the pots, the seedlings were conventionally grown in a greenhouse. Immediately after raising the pot, inoculation of the pathogenic bacterium (Fusarium) was carried out by spraying inoculated conidia of the pathogenic bacterium to the surface of the pot soil at 740 pcs / cm ² . After the raising of seedlings, all pots were examined for root rot, browning of conduits, and the presence or absence of Fusarium carriage in the stems of the ground.

[0022]

[Table 5]

From the results shown in Table 5, the growth of the seedlings grown in the seedling cultivation soil of the present invention was extremely good, and no pipe browning was observed at the end of seedling growth. Example 7 A control experiment of stock wilt disease using the nursery soil of Example 4 was carried out. The test method is as follows. (1) Cultivated field: A greenhouse of a farmer in which wilt disease frequently occurs. After sterilization with flooded water and solar heat, the ridges were raised and further treated with methyl bromide. (2) Seeding and nursery bed (A) Ground floor and paper pot (3.5 cm square) using rice soil that does not cause illness (B) Soil block (3.5 cm) using a mixed soil of equal amount of peat and Masa soil Corner) (C) (B) soil block made by mixing 20% of the seedling cultivation soil of the present invention with the soil (3.5 cm square) (3) Plant bed: 30 liters of the seedling cultivation soil of the present invention is planted in a floor of 4 to 5 m ² was applied to the surface to make a plot for planting. (4) Test varieties: Christmas snow, autumn peaches

[0024]

[Table 6]

From the results shown in Table 6, when soil block seedlings are used, it is better to raise the seedlings in advance with the mixed soil for raising seedlings of the present invention to reduce the occurrence of disease, and to apply the seedlings for raising seedlings of the present invention to the fixed beds. If you do so, the effect will increase.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the effect of the seedling cultivation soil of the present invention on the pathogenesis of cucumber seedling wilt (Pythium).

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A new seedling cultivation soil obtained by adding compost and peat moss, and phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer to a purified water cake. 2. The new seedling cultivation soil according to claim 1, wherein Linster is added as a phosphate fertilizer, potassium sulfate is added as a potassium fertilizer, and 2-oxo-4-methyl-6-ureidohexahydropyrimidine is added as a nitrogen fertilizer. 3. The novel seedling cultivation medium according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a microorganism having an antagonistic effect on plant pathogens. 4. A method for producing a new seedling cultivation soil obtained by adding compost and peat moss, and phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer to a purified water cake. 5. The method for producing a new seedling cultivation soil according to claim 4, wherein Linster is added as the phosphate fertilizer, potassium sulfate is added as the potassium fertilizer, and 2-oxo-4-methyl-6-ureidohexahydropyrimidine is added as the nitrogen fertilizer. 6. The method for producing a new seedling cultivation medium according to claim 4 or 5, further comprising adding a microorganism having an antagonistic effect on plant pathogenic fungi.