JPH0521883B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPH0521883B2
JPH0521883B2 JP59055448A JP5544884A JPH0521883B2 JP H0521883 B2 JPH0521883 B2 JP H0521883B2 JP 59055448 A JP59055448 A JP 59055448A JP 5544884 A JP5544884 A JP 5544884A JP H0521883 B2 JPH0521883 B2 JP H0521883B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
ethylene
chlorella
extract
plants
hot water
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP59055448A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS60199805A (en
Inventor
Naohiko Maeda
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Chlorella Industry Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Chlorella Industry Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Chlorella Industry Co Ltd filed Critical Chlorella Industry Co Ltd
Priority to JP5544884A priority Critical patent/JPS60199805A/en
Publication of JPS60199805A publication Critical patent/JPS60199805A/en
Publication of JPH0521883B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0521883B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

〔発明の技術分野〕 この発明は植物の成熟抑制剤、特に生長した植
物の成熟抑制剤に関するものである。 〔従来技術〕 エチレンは植物の成熟ホルモンとして知られ、
生長した植物に対して組織の成熟、老化を促進
し、葉録素の分解やアントシアニン生成を促進す
る。生長した植物体はエチレンを発生して成熟、
老化が起こるが、特に高温、乾燥、刈込などの植
物体に対するストレスによりエチレンの発生が促
進され、成熟、老化が促進される。例えば、芝に
ついていえば、高温、低温、乾燥、刈込、踏圧等
のストレスによりエチレンが多量に発生し、これ
が成熟、老化の原因となり、芝のライフスパンを
短くする。 従来、このような植物の成熟に対しては何ら対
策は行われず、放置されていた。 〔発明の目的〕 この発明はクロレラの熱水抽出物を成分とする
ことにより、エチレンの発生を防止し、植物体の
成熟、老化を抑制できる植物の成熟抑制剤を提供
することを目的としている。 〔発明の構成〕 この発明はクロレラの熱水抽出物を含むことを
特徴とする植物の成熟抑制剤である。 本発明において用いるクロレラは淡水中に生息
する単細胞の藻類であり、天然に生息するものな
らびに培養されたものが含まれる。 本発明におけるクロレラの熱水抽出物は、クロ
レラを高温の水性溶媒、例えば水単独、あるいは
水に酸、塩基もしくは有機溶媒が溶解した溶液で
抽出した抽出物である。好ましい熱水抽出物とし
ては、水1に対し藻体を乾燥重量で1〜1000g
懸濁させ、50〜150℃で0.5〜120分、好ましくは
100℃で1分以上接触させ、接触後遠心分離等に
より藻体を分離して得られるものである。抽出物
は必要に応じてゲル濾過、透析等により精製する
ことができる。 以上によつて得られるクロレラの熱水抽出物は
分子量1000〜1000000の糖、たんぱく、多糖体、
核酸その他の物質を含み、植物の生体内における
エチレンの発生を抑制する。本発明において使用
できる抽出物としては、以上により得られた抽出
液そのまま、またはこれらの抽出液を分子分画し
た高分子画分もしくは低分子画分、あるいはこれ
らの濃縮物または凍結もしくは噴霧乾燥等により
乾燥した抽出物粉末などがある。 上記のクロレラの熱水抽出物は液状、粉末また
は固形状で植物の成熟抑制剤として使用でき、直
接または間接的に抽出体に適用し処理する。例え
ば液状の場合は葉面散布、塗布、潅水、土壌潅注
等による処理が適しており、粉末または固形状の
場合は畝間処理、土壌混入等による処理が適して
いる。特に効果あるいは作業上の点からいえば、
液状のものを葉面散布したり、土壌潅注するのが
望ましい。 植物体に対するクロレラの熱水抽出物の処理量
は植物の種類、形態、生育状況、施用方法等によ
つて異なり、実験的に確認することができる。例
えば樹木あるいは野菜類のような草本類に対し
て、溶液により茎葉処理を行う場合、クロレラの
熱水抽出物の乾燥重量換算で0.002〜2mg/程
度の溶液で、茎葉が十分濡れる程度の液量で処理
するのが望ましい。 このようにクロレラの熱水抽出物により植物体
を処理することにより、植物の生体内におけるエ
チレンの発生を抑制し、これにより通常の状態で
生長植物の成熟、老化を抑制することができると
ともに、植物体に高低温、乾燥、加圧、刈取など
のストレスがかかる場合でも、エチレンの発生量
を少なくして、ストレスによる成熟、老化を抑制
することができ、これにより植物体のライフスパ
ンを長くすることができる。 なお、本発明のクロレラの熱水抽出物の抽出方
法および植物体に対する処理方法等には制限はな
く、処理に際しては他の薬剤等との併用も可能で
あり、また植物ホルモンの施用を併用して行つて
もよい。 〔発明の効果〕 以上のとおり、本発明によれば、クロレラの熱
水抽出物によつて植物体を処理することにより、
植物の生体内におけるエチレンの発生を抑制し、
生長植物の成熟、老化を抑制することができる。 〔発明の実施例〕 以下、本発明を実施例により説明する。 実施例 1 クロレラ粉末30gを水1に懸濁させ、100℃
で30分間熱水抽出して、抽出液を遠心分離し、そ
の上澄液を乾燥して、粉末状抽出物を得、この粉
末状抽出物を2mg/の濃度に溶解して原液とし
た。 一方ヒメコウライシバ(Zoysia matrella cv.
Himekoraishiba)のターフに1m2の試験区およ
び対照区を設け、試験区にはクロレラ抽出物の原
液をm2当り2mlを100倍に希釈し、7月上旬から
2週間毎に1回計5回散布した。また対照区には
同量の水を散布した。9月17日にモアで5mmの刈
高で刈取を行い、直ちに試験区および対照区のタ
ーフから直径10cmのコアを各区2個ずつ採取し、
アルミホイルで下面および側面をつつみ、1夜暗
室におき、エチレンの測定を行つた。 エチレンの測定はコアを真空用デシケータに入
れ、エチレンを含まない空気を送りながらデシケ
ータ中の空気を毎分250mlの速度で吸引し、25ml
のエチレン吸収液で1時間エチレンを吸収した。
エチレン吸収液は0.25M過塩素酸第二水銀を2M
過塩素酸に溶解して調製した。エチレンの吸収操
作は暗黒中で行つた。吸収の終了した吸収液の10
mlを30mlのセラムボトルに移し、密封後2.5N
HCl6mlを注入し、30℃に3時間おき、エチレン
を再発生させた。エチレンの測定はFID−ガスク
ロマトグラフによつた。結果を表1に示す。
[Technical Field of the Invention] This invention relates to a maturation inhibitor for plants, particularly to a maturation inhibitor for grown plants. [Prior art] Ethylene is known as a maturation hormone for plants.
It promotes the maturation and aging of tissues in grown plants, and promotes the decomposition of chlorophyll and the production of anthocyanins. The grown plant produces ethylene and matures.
Senescence occurs, and stress on the plant body, such as high temperature, dryness, and pruning, promotes the production of ethylene, which accelerates maturation and senescence. For example, when it comes to grass, large amounts of ethylene are generated due to stresses such as high temperatures, low temperatures, dryness, mowing, and treading, which causes maturation and aging, shortening the lifespan of the grass. Conventionally, no measures were taken to prevent such plants from maturing, and they were left alone. [Object of the invention] The object of the present invention is to provide a plant maturation inhibitor that prevents the generation of ethylene and suppresses the maturation and aging of plants by using a hot water extract of chlorella as an ingredient. . [Structure of the Invention] The present invention is a plant maturation inhibitor characterized by containing a hot water extract of chlorella. Chlorella used in the present invention is a unicellular alga that lives in freshwater, and includes naturally occurring and cultured algae. The hot water extract of chlorella in the present invention is an extract obtained by extracting chlorella with a high-temperature aqueous solvent, for example, water alone or a solution of an acid, a base, or an organic solvent dissolved in water. A preferred hot water extract is 1 to 1000 g of dry weight of algae to 1 part of water.
Suspend and incubate at 50-150℃ for 0.5-120 minutes, preferably
It is obtained by contacting at 100°C for 1 minute or more and then separating the algae by centrifugation or the like after contact. The extract can be purified by gel filtration, dialysis, etc., if necessary. The hot water extract of chlorella obtained in the above manner contains sugars, proteins, polysaccharides, and
Contains nucleic acids and other substances and suppresses the production of ethylene in plants. Extracts that can be used in the present invention include the extracts obtained above as they are, high-molecular fractions or low-molecular fractions obtained by molecularly fractionating these extracts, or concentrates thereof, frozen or spray-dried, etc. There are also dried extract powders. The above hot water extract of Chlorella can be used as a plant maturation inhibitor in liquid, powder or solid form, and can be applied directly or indirectly to the extract for treatment. For example, if it is in liquid form, treatments such as foliar spraying, coating, watering, soil irrigation, etc. are suitable, and if it is powder or solid, treatments such as furrow treatment, soil mixing, etc. are suitable. Especially from the point of view of effectiveness or work,
It is preferable to spray the liquid on the leaves or irrigate the soil. The amount of the hot water extract of chlorella to be treated with the plant body varies depending on the type of plant, morphology, growth conditions, application method, etc., and can be confirmed experimentally. For example, when treating plants such as trees or vegetables with a solution, use a solution of about 0.002 to 2 mg/dry weight of hot water extract of chlorella, and the amount of liquid is sufficient to wet the leaves. It is preferable to process it with By treating plants with a hot water extract of Chlorella in this way, it is possible to suppress the generation of ethylene in the plant body, thereby suppressing the maturation and aging of plants growing under normal conditions. Even when plants are subjected to stress such as high and low temperatures, dryness, pressure, and cutting, it is possible to reduce the amount of ethylene generated and suppress maturation and aging caused by stress, thereby extending the lifespan of plants. can do. There are no restrictions on the method of extracting the hot water extract of chlorella of the present invention and the method of treating the plant body, and it is possible to use it in combination with other drugs, etc., or to use it together with the application of plant hormones. You can go. [Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, by treating a plant with a hot water extract of Chlorella,
Suppresses the generation of ethylene in plants,
Maturation and aging of growing plants can be suppressed. [Examples of the Invention] The present invention will be described below with reference to Examples. Example 1 30g of chlorella powder was suspended in 1 part of water and heated to 100°C.
The extract was extracted with hot water for 30 minutes, the extract was centrifuged, and the supernatant was dried to obtain a powdered extract, which was dissolved to a concentration of 2 mg/ml to obtain a stock solution. On the other hand, Zoysia matrella cv.
A 1 m 2 test area and a control area were set up on the turf of the Himekoraishiba (Japanese Himekoraishiba), and in the test area, 2 ml of chlorella extract was diluted 100 times per m 2 , and the mixture was administered once every 2 weeks from early July for a total of 5 times. Spread. The same amount of water was also sprayed on the control plot. On September 17th, the grass was cut with a mower at a cutting height of 5 mm, and immediately two cores with a diameter of 10 cm were collected from the turf in the test and control areas, two from each area.
The bottom and sides were covered with aluminum foil, and the ethylene content was measured after being left in a dark room overnight. To measure ethylene, place the core in a vacuum desiccator, and suck the air in the desiccator at a rate of 250 ml per minute while supplying air that does not contain ethylene.
Ethylene was absorbed for 1 hour using the ethylene absorption solution.
Ethylene absorption liquid is 2M of 0.25M mercuric perchlorate.
Prepared by dissolving in perchloric acid. The ethylene absorption operation was performed in the dark. 10 of the absorbed liquid
Transfer ml to a 30ml serum bottle, seal and add 2.5N.
6 ml of HCl was injected and the mixture was kept at 30°C for 3 hours to regenerate ethylene. Ethylene was measured by FID-gas chromatograph. The results are shown in Table 1.

【表】 実施例 2 ベントグラス(ペンクロス)のターフから直径
5cmのコアを採取し、これをビニールポツトに植
えて、温室中で培養し、試験区のコアに実施例1
で使用したクロレラ抽出物の原液を、コア5個当
り1mlを約2倍に希釈し、1週間毎に4回散布を
行い、対照区のコアには同量の水を散布した。1
月10日、鋏により刈高約1cmで刈取処理を行い、
直ちに暗室に移し、1夜放置してから実施例1と
同様に、エチレンの測定を行つた。結果を表2に
示す。
[Table] Example 2 Cores with a diameter of 5 cm were collected from the turf of bentgrass (Pencross), planted in vinyl pots, cultured in a greenhouse, and applied to the cores of the test plot in Example 1.
The stock solution of the chlorella extract used in 2 was diluted approximately twice to 1 ml per 5 cores and sprayed 4 times every week, and the same amount of water was sprayed on the cores of the control plot. 1
On the 10th of each month, the cutting process was carried out using scissors at a cutting height of approximately 1 cm.
The mixture was immediately moved to a dark room, left overnight, and then ethylene was measured in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 2.

【表】 以上の結果より、ヒメコウライシバのモア掛け
によつて発生するエチレンはクロレラ抽出物処理
によつてほぼ1/300〜1/500に低下することが
明らかにされた。またベントグラス(ペンクロ
ス)についての試験では刈取を行つても、行わな
くてもクロレラ抽出物処理によつてエチレン発生
が著しく抑制されることが示された。ベントグラ
スの場合、刈取を行わない対照区でかなり高い量
のエチレンが発生したのはエチレン吸引期間の温
度が30℃で、この温度がベントグラスに高温スト
レスを与えたことと、同時に乾燥ストレスを与え
たことによるものと考えられる。刈取を行わない
場合にもクロレラ抽出物処理がエチレン発生を抑
制していることは高温、乾燥ストレスによるエチ
レン発生も抑制する効果をもつことを示すもので
クロレラ抽出物処理はベントグラスの夏期の高
温、乾燥ストレスを軽減する効果をもつことが推
測できる。 刈取を行つた場合は茎葉切断の傷害に前述の高
温、乾燥ストレスが加わり、多量のエチレンを発
生したもので、この場合のクロレラ抽出物の効果
は極めて顕著ということができる。従つてクロレ
ラ抽出物が高温、乾燥、刈込等のストレスによる
エチレン発生を抑制する効果をもつことはこれら
のストレスに対する抵抗性を高めていると考えら
れる。
[Table] From the above results, it was revealed that the ethylene generated by mowering of P. elegans was reduced to approximately 1/300 to 1/500 by treatment with chlorella extract. Furthermore, tests on bent grass (Pencross) showed that ethylene generation was significantly suppressed by treatment with chlorella extract, whether or not it was harvested. In the case of bentgrass, the reason why a considerably high amount of ethylene was generated in the control plot without harvesting was when the temperature during the ethylene suction period was 30°C, and this temperature gave high temperature stress to bentgrass, and at the same time, it also gave drought stress. This is thought to be due to this. The fact that chlorella extract treatment suppresses ethylene generation even when no harvesting is performed indicates that it is also effective in suppressing ethylene generation caused by high temperature and drought stress. It can be inferred that it has the effect of reducing drought stress. In the case of harvesting, the above-mentioned high temperature and drying stress are added to the damage caused by cutting the stems and leaves, and a large amount of ethylene is generated, and the effect of Chlorella extract in this case can be said to be extremely significant. Therefore, the fact that chlorella extract has the effect of suppressing ethylene generation caused by stresses such as high temperature, drying, and pruning is thought to increase resistance to these stresses.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 クロレラの熱水抽出物を含むことを特徴とす
る植物の成熟抑制剤。
1. A plant maturation inhibitor characterized by containing a hot water extract of chlorella.
JP5544884A 1984-03-23 1984-03-23 Ripening inhibitor for plant Granted JPS60199805A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP5544884A JPS60199805A (en) 1984-03-23 1984-03-23 Ripening inhibitor for plant

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP5544884A JPS60199805A (en) 1984-03-23 1984-03-23 Ripening inhibitor for plant

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS60199805A JPS60199805A (en) 1985-10-09
JPH0521883B2 true JPH0521883B2 (en) 1993-03-25

Family

ID=12998880

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP5544884A Granted JPS60199805A (en) 1984-03-23 1984-03-23 Ripening inhibitor for plant

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS60199805A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2735232A1 (en) 2012-11-27 2014-05-28 SC Soctech SA Algal hydrolysat for treatment of crop and process for its production

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5218817A (en) * 1975-08-01 1977-02-12 Teijin Ltd Plant growth regulator

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5218817A (en) * 1975-08-01 1977-02-12 Teijin Ltd Plant growth regulator

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2735232A1 (en) 2012-11-27 2014-05-28 SC Soctech SA Algal hydrolysat for treatment of crop and process for its production

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS60199805A (en) 1985-10-09

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