JPH05213711A - Agent for suppressing physiological activity - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a physiological activity suppressing agent free from toxicity, having high safety, suitable for handling and management, exhibiting excellent environmental protecting property and compatibility and applicable without destructing the ecosystem of soil. CONSTITUTION:The active component of the agent is an extract of one or more plants selected from umbrella pine, Japanese podocarpus, Japanese cedar, hinoki cypress, bamboo grass, Chinese juniper, eucalyptus and Japanese red pine. The effective concentration of the component in the agent is >=1.0g/L.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a physiological activity inhibitor that suppresses physiological functions of plants or pests, and is used in combination with or as a substitute for conventional herbicides, insecticides and fungicides, especially in golf courses, farms, ranches and the like. The present invention relates to a control agent that can be used.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various germination inhibitors and growth inhibitors have been provided as physiological activity inhibitors that suppress the physiological functions of plants. Further, herbicides are provided as agents for killing weeds, and insecticides and fungicides are provided as agents for killing harmful insects and disease-causing fungi.

All of them are classified as pesticides, and they are mainly composed of chemical substances. For example, herbicides include inorganic herbicides such as chlorates, and organic herbicides such as phenoxy and phenol, and insecticides such as organophosphorus agents and carbamate agents are used.

[0004]

However, as is well known, many pesticides are toxic, and particularly with regard to herbicides and insecticides, careful handling is required, and there are many handling and management problems. .. In addition, the spill after spraying may contaminate the surrounding area and cause harm, and it also destroys benign microorganisms in the soil all at once, destroying the natural circulation cycle that was originally present. However, it is not preferable because it leads to destruction of the ecosystem. Therefore, it is preferable not to use the pesticide if possible, or to reduce the use amount of the pesticide if possible. In recent years, in view of this point, we have used pesticides with the lowest possible toxicity, sprayed them to the minimum required amount, and conducted thorough water quality surveys at the drainage ports. As long as that is the case, there are naturally limits to that measure.

The object of the present invention is that it has no toxicity, is highly safe, is easy to handle and manage, is extremely excellent in environmental protection and adaptability, and suppresses physiological activity that does not damage the ecosystem of soil. Agent, especially a control agent.

[0006]

[Means for Solving the Problems] When observing a natural phenomenon, a phenomenon in which another plant hardly grows and the existence of a plant particularly strong against a certain insect is recognized around the plant. This phenomenon has been recognized as an interference effect due to competition of nutrients, water, and light, and in recent years, substances released by plants exert some effect on other organisms in an inhibitory or accelerating manner. However, which plant acts on which plant, whether the action is inhibitory or stimulatory, what its activity is, and whether the plant also acts on pests and fungi, etc. There are many unclear points, and we are at the stage of making a specific study.

Therefore, the present invention focuses on the natural phenomenon of such plants, finds a plant containing a chemical substance that inhibits other organisms, and suppresses the physiological function of other plants or pests. We have developed a technology that positively utilizes it as a physiological activity inhibitor, and further uses this physiological activity inhibitor as a control agent in place of conventional herbicides and insecticides.

[0008] However, as described above, since this phenomenon is basically an individual relative interaction between plants or between plants and pests, many plants are selected and an appropriate combination is selected from them. As a result of diligent examination, Koyamaki, Nagi, Japanese cedar, Japanese cypress, Sasa, Kaizukibuki, Eucalyptus, and Japanese red pine have the effect of suppressing the germination and growth inhibition of a relatively large number of plants. It has been found that it has a great effect on weeds and exhibits an anti-feeding effect on pests.

The present invention comprises a physiological activity inhibitor characterized by using at least one plant selected from Koyamaki, Nagi, Japanese cedar, Japanese cypress, Sasa, kaisekibuki, eucalyptus and Japanese red pine as a raw material, and the physiological activity inhibitor. Is a control agent containing as an active ingredient. The physiological activity inhibitor can be obtained by using the leaves, bark, stems, roots and the like of these plants as raw materials, but in practice, it is obtained by separately extracting or isolating this raw material. The solvent used in that case is water, methanol, ethanol, acetone, acetic acid ethyl ester, benzene, ethyl ether, dichloromethane, chloroform, n-hexane and the like, and they are used alone or in combination or repeatedly in any order. In the case of the extract, it is particularly preferable that its concentration is at least 1.0 g / liter or more.

The raw materials may be crushed into powders or granules, and then solidified into tablets. The raw materials, extracts or isolated substances may be prepared in the form of clay, bentonite, calcium carbonate or the like. It can also be used.
In some cases, it can be used in a raw form.

As the physiologically active inhibitor, one of these plants can be used as a single raw material, but it may be a mixed agent which is arbitrarily combined. It can also be used as a mixture with soil improvers, fertilizers, conventional herbicides, insecticides, fungicides and the like.

[0012]

The present invention positively utilizes a substance that inhibits the physiological activity of other plants and a plant body containing the substance as a physiological activity inhibitor such as a germination inhibitor or a growth inhibitor, and especially weeds and Since it is a technology used as a pest control agent, it is fundamentally different from conventional pesticides that chemically kill, and pays sufficient attention to biological effects to suppress germination, inhibit growth, and exert a control action. be able to. Also, since it can control pests not by insecticidal action but by feeding repellent action, it is not toxic like conventional insecticides and herbicides, it is extremely safe and may contaminate the surrounding area. Neither does it destroy the soil.

Therefore, it is better in handling and management than conventional pesticides, and particularly excellent in environmental protection and environmental adaptability. When used in combination with conventional pesticides, the amount of pesticide used is significantly increased. It can be reduced, and substitution can prevent the destruction of ecosystems in the soil.

[0014]

【Example】

[Example 1] After crushing 500 g (dry weight) of Koyamaki leaf, the mixture was heated and refluxed twice with about 2 liters of n-hexane, and this extract was concentrated under reduced pressure to extract n-hexane extract 2.
5 g are obtained. Then, this extract is dissolved in an organic solvent such as ether or acetone to prepare a diluted solution having the concentration shown in Table 1.

Regarding this test solution, radish, sorghum,
Each plant of barnyardgrass and lettuce was used as a sample plant, and its germination inhibitory action and growth inhibitory action were evaluated. Table 1 shows the results. The germination inhibition and growth inhibition tests are as follows. First, a circular filter paper is laid on the bottom of the petri dish, 2.5 ml of the test solution is soaked in the bottom, and the solvent is completely removed by a vacuum dryer. Then, 30 seeds are sprinkled on the filter paper, and Tweed
5.0 ml of an en80 aqueous solution (100 ppm) is added. Seal the dish with parafilm, 25 ° C,
Germination is carried out in a humidity of 60%, lighting for 16 hours and darkness for 8 hours, and the number of germinated grains and the length of radicles of germinated seeds are recorded. Germination rate (%) and growth inhibition rate (cm) based on the average number of germinated grains and radicle length in a petri dish containing no test solution
Find out.

[0016]

[Table 1]

[Example 2] Using 400 g (dry weight) of Nagi leaves, 12 g of n-hexane extract was obtained under the same conditions as in Example 1, and under the same conditions as in Example 1, germination-inhibiting action and growth-inhibiting action were obtained. evaluated. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0018]

[Table 2]

[Example 3] Using 500 g (dry weight) of cypress leaves, 38 g of n-hexane extract was obtained under the same conditions as in Example 1, and under the same conditions as Example 1, germination inhibitory action and growth inhibitory action were obtained. evaluated. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0020]

[Table 3]

[Example 4] 500 g of kaisukibuki leaves
Using (dry weight), 35 g of an n-hexane extract was obtained under the same conditions as in Example 1, and the germination suppressing action and growth inhibiting action were evaluated under the same conditions as in Example 1. Table 4 shows the result.

[0022]

[Table 4]

[Example 5] Using 500 g of cedar leaves (dry weight), 34 g of an n-hexane extract was obtained under the same conditions as in Example 1, and under the same conditions as in Example 1, germination inhibitory action and growth inhibitory action were obtained. evaluated. Table 5 shows the results.

[0024]

[Table 5]

[Example 6] Using 550 g (dry weight) of eucalyptus leaves, 46 g of an n-hexane extract was obtained under the same conditions as in Example 1, and under the same conditions as in Example 1, germination-inhibiting action and growth-inhibiting action were obtained. evaluated. Table 6 shows the results.

[0026]

[Table 6]

[Example 7] 10 g of n-hexane extract was obtained under the same conditions as in Example 1 by using 310 g (dry weight) of bamboo leaves, and under the same conditions as Example 1, germination-inhibiting action and growth-inhibiting action were obtained. evaluated. Table 7 shows the results.

[0028]

[Table 7]

Example 8 Using 500 g of Japanese red pine leaves, 30 g of an n-hexane extract was obtained under the same conditions as in Example 1, and the germination suppressing action and growth inhibiting action were evaluated under the same conditions as in Example 1. Table 8 shows the results.

[0030]

[Table 8]

[Example 9] The residue obtained after obtaining the n-hexane extract in Example 1 was diluted with about 2 liters of acetone to give 2 parts.
Acetone extract 60
get g. Then, the test was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1 to evaluate the germination-inhibiting action and the growth-inhibiting action. Table 9 shows the results.

[0032]

[Table 9]

[Example 10] The residue obtained after the n-hexane extract was obtained in Example 1 was diluted with about 2 liters of acetone to give 2 parts.
Acetone extract 45
get g. Then, the test was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1 to evaluate the germination-inhibiting action and the growth-inhibiting action. The results are shown in Table 10.

[0034]

[Table 10]

[Example 11] The residue obtained after obtaining the n-hexane extract in Example 1 was diluted with about 2 liters of acetone to give 2 parts.
Acetone extract 35
get g. Then, the test was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1 to evaluate the germination-inhibiting action and the growth-inhibiting action. The results are shown in Table 11.

[0036]

[Table 11]

[Example 12] The residue obtained after the n-hexane extract was obtained in Example 1 was diluted with about 2 liters of acetone to give 2 parts.
Acetone extract 35
get g. Then, the test was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1 to evaluate the germination-inhibiting action and the growth-inhibiting action. Table 12 shows the results.

[0038]

[Table 12]

[Example 13] The residue obtained after the n-hexane extract was obtained in Example 1 was diluted with about 2 liters of acetone to give 2 parts.
Acetone extract 40
get g. Then, the test was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1 to evaluate the germination-inhibiting action and the growth-inhibiting action. Table 13 shows the results.

[0040]

[Table 13]

[Example 14] The residue obtained after obtaining the n-hexane extract in Example 1 was diluted with about 2 liters of acetone to give 2 parts.
Acetone extract 70
get g. Then, the test was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1 to evaluate the germination-inhibiting action and the growth-inhibiting action. Table 14 shows the results.

[0042]

[Table 14]

[Example 15] The residue obtained after the n-hexane extract was obtained in Example 1 was diluted with about 2 liters of acetone to give 2 parts.
Acetone extract 10
get g. Then, the test was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1 to evaluate the germination-inhibiting action and the growth-inhibiting action. Table 15 shows the results.

[0044]

[Table 15]

As shown in Tables 1 to 15 above, Koyamaki, Nagi, Japanese cedar, Japanese cypress, Sasa, kaisekibuki, eucalyptus, and red pine are used for the suppression of germination and the inhibition of growth of Japanese radish, sorghum, spinach and lettuce plants. It is recognized that it exerts an action. Generally, increasing the concentration increases the effects of germination inhibition and growth inhibition, but tends to decrease the inhibitory action up to a concentration of 1.0 g / liter. Has a remarkable germination suppression and growth inhibition effect,
It is recognized that 1.0 g / l is the threshold of effective concentration.

[Examples 16 to 29] Each plant of cedar, cypress, bamboo grass, squid, eucalyptus, red pine, and Japanese radish was adjusted to a concentration of 1.0 g / l in an n-hexane solvent by the combinations shown in Tables 16 and 17. The average value of germination rate and root length of the extracted extract was measured using radish and millet as sample plants. Table 16 shows the results when radish was used as the sample, and Table 17 shows the results when fly was used as the sample. For comparison, the results of the extracted extract adjusted to a concentration of 1.0 g / liter for each of the above-mentioned plants are also shown. In addition, the growth inhibition rate of the test plants to which each extract is added is also shown, with the normal plant to which each extract is not added as a control.

[0047]

[Table 16]

[0048]

[Table 17]

[Examples 31 to 40] The same as Examples 17 to 26 except that the concentration of each extract was 2.5 g / liter, and the total concentration of the mixed extract was 5.0 g / liter. Under the same conditions, germination rate, average root length and growth inhibition rate were measured. Table 18 shows the case of Japanese radish and Table 19 shows the case of Japanese radish.

[0050]

[Table 18]

[0051]

[Table 19]

As shown in Tables 16 to 19 above, it was recognized that the mixed extracts of the plants of Sugi, Hinoki, Sasa, Kazukaibuki, Eucalyptus, Japanese red pine and Nagi also exert the respective effects of germination inhibition and growth inhibition. It was

Next, red pine (Example 8), kaijukibuki (Example 4), koyamaki (Example 1), cedar (Example 5), cypress (Example 3) and eucalyptus (Example 6).
For each of the n-hexane extracted extracts of, the feeding inhibition test using silkworm larvae was performed. The test method is to dilute 5, 0.5, 0.05 g / liter of each extract with acetone to prepare an extract. Next, this extract is transferred to each petri dish and the mulberry leaves are soaked for 2 to 3 seconds. Subsequently, the acetone contained in the leaves of the mulberry is evaporated in the draft. For comparison, a control mulberry leaf containing no extract is prepared in the same manner as above. Weigh the mulberry leaves, randomly put 5 silkworms, and keep them for 24 hours.
The amount of silkworm eaten was measured by placing the silkworm in a dark place at 70 ° C and 70% humidity. For red pine and kaijukibuki, 4th instar, body length about 3cm, body weight about 0.5g, silkworm larvae, for cedar and cypress, 5th instar, body length about 8cm, body weight about 1.7-2.0g. ing.

Tables 20 and 21 show the results. Note that the food intake is calculated by taking into consideration the mass fluctuation due to drying depending on the object, because the mulberry leaf itself dries during the test.

[0055]

[Table 20]

[0056]

[Table 21]

From Tables 20 and 21, it is recognized that Japanese red pine, Japanese quince, Japanese cedar and Japanese cypress have an antifeeding effect. In particular, red pine and kaijukibuki showed an eating inhibition rate of almost 100% by adjusting the concentration.

[0058]

As described above, the present invention is based on Koyamaki,
Since it is a physiologically active inhibitor derived from at least one plant selected from Nagi, Japanese cedar, Japanese cypress, Sasa, squid, eucalyptus, and red pine, it is fundamentally different from conventional chemical pesticides, and It is possible to exert germination control by suppressing germination and growth inhibition with due consideration of the biological effect. Also, since it can control pests by feeding repellent action instead of insecticide, it has no danger of toxicity like conventional insecticides and herbicides, it is extremely safe and pollutes the surrounding area. There is no fear. Therefore, when used in combination with conventional pesticides, the amount of pesticides used can be significantly reduced, and by substituting the pesticides, destruction of the ecosystem in the soil can be stopped.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. Koyamaki, Nagi, Sugi, Hinoki, Sasa,
A physiological activity inhibitor, which is prepared from at least one plant selected from kaisekibuki, eucalyptus and red pine. 2. Koyamaki, Nagi, Sugi, Hinoki, Sasa,
The bioactivity suppressor according to claim 1, wherein an extract of at least one plant selected from kaisekibuki, eucalyptus and red pine is used as the effective component. 3. The physiologically active inhibitor according to claim 2, which has an effective concentration of at least 1.0 g / liter or more. 4. A control agent containing the physiological activity inhibitor according to claim 1, 2 or 3 as an active ingredient.