JPH05212216A - Filter - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To contrive to execute filtration without lowering filtration efficiency by effectively preventing the clogging of porous materials. CONSTITUTION:A porous pipe 13 is installed inside a casing 11 made of stainless steel and a sample liquid is injected into the porous pipe 13, a by taking filtrate exuded from the exterior wall of the porous pipe 13 out of a takeoff opening 17, filtration operation is done. At this time, by generating turbulence and reciprocating flow in the inner wall part of the porous pipe 13 by a piston 29 or a stirring body 51, deposit stuck on the inner wall of the porous pipe 13 is prevented, and the lowering of filtration efficiency due to the generation of clogging is prevented.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a filtration device, and more particularly to an improvement in a filtration device which performs continuous filtration operation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When crystals or the like are generated in the final product, a filtration operation is carried out to separate the crystals from the filtrate. The most commonly used filter operation in this filtration operation is filter paper. In many cases, in order to perform filtration efficiently,
The filter paper is folded so that the surface area is as large as possible, and then the filtration operation is performed.

However, when the crystal grains formed are extremely small in size, the filter paper is clogged, which reduces the rate at which the filtrate falls and the filtration operation cannot be performed quickly. Is suction filtered.

In suction filtration, a Buchner funnel (also referred to as Nutsche) or a funnel is installed in a suction flask and the inside of the suction flask is decompressed by a pump, thereby increasing the dropping rate of the filtrate into the suction flask. .. Such suction filtration is used in many chemical experiment operations because the filtration operation can be performed quickly even when minute crystals are obtained. In addition, when performing suction filtration,
A coarse funnel is used when the amount of crystals to be filtered is small, and a Buchner funnel (Nutsche) is used when the amount is large.

However, the filter paper, which is a filter, is made of paper whether it is subjected to normal filtration or suction filtration, and is easily damaged, and a piece of paper caused by the damage is mixed in the product. It may happen.

Therefore, in order to solve such a problem, suction filtration may be performed using a glass filter as a filter. Further, when only the filtrate is required, it may be combined with Celite to perform Celite filtration to perform a more rapid and precise filtration operation. There are several types of such glass filters having a pore size of about 5 to 100 microns, and the type is selected according to the object of separation and purification.

[0007]

However, when a filter is made of a porous member such as a glass filter, there is a problem that the filter is clogged during filtration and the filtration efficiency is lowered. ..

Further, when a porous material such as a glass filter is used as the filter material, it is not disposable unlike the filter paper, so that it is necessary to remove the deposits on the filter and reuse it. There is also a problem that it is difficult to remove the clogging.

When the porous material is clogged during the cleaning, the precipitate remaining in the apparatus adversely affects the subsequent filtration and purification. For this reason, normally, the equipment will be washed in accordance with the clogged portion, but in this case, the portion that does not need to be washed will be further washed, and in addition to the deterioration of work efficiency, It will also accelerate the wear of the device.

As described above, when the porous material is used as the filter material, the filtration efficiency is lowered due to the clogging of the filter and the cleaning is difficult.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a filtration device capable of preventing clogging of a porous material filter and performing quick and simple filtration and easy cleaning. To provide.

[0012]

In order to solve the above problems, in the filtration device according to the present invention, it is provided inside a cylindrical casing, and a filtrate chamber is formed between the casing and the casing. And a stirrer for causing a turbulent flow in the inner wall of the porous pipe, or a flow generating means for generating a reciprocating flow in the inner wall of the porous pipe. A reciprocating flow or a turbulent flow generated by the flow means prevents deposits of deposits on the inner wall of the porous pipe, thereby preventing clogging of the porous pipe. By providing both the stirrer and the initiating means, the turbulent flow and the reciprocating flow are generated at the same time, so that the deposit of the precipitate on the inner wall of the porous pipe can be prevented more effectively, and It is also possible to prevent clogging of the pipe.

Further, it is possible to provide a driving means for moving the agitator inside the porous pipe to accelerate the peeling of the deposit adhering to the inner wall of the porous pipe. In addition, when a gas supply means for supplying gas to the inside of the porous pipe of the above-mentioned filtration device is provided, it becomes possible to improve the cleaning effect by supplying gas to the inside of the porous pipe during cleaning, and the porous material A large amount of sample can be processed by forming a reflux path for supplying the sample supplied into the pipe again into the porous pipe. Further, by providing the pressure control means for adjusting the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the porous pipe, the filtration rate of the apparatus can be adjusted.

[0014]

In the filtration apparatus of the present invention having the above-mentioned structure, the filtration operation is performed by permeating the porous pipe. At this time, turbulent flow or reciprocation occurs in the inner wall portion of the porous pipe. When a flow is generated, the precipitate adhering to the inner wall of the porous pipe is separated by this turbulent flow or reciprocating flow. Therefore, the porous pipe is not clogged, and the filtrate permeates quickly and uniformly from the entire porous pipe, and efficient filtration operation can be performed without lowering the filtration efficiency.

Further, if it is possible to prevent deposits from adhering to the inner wall of the porous pipe in advance, the possibility of unwashed residue remaining during the washing is reduced, so that the washing can be performed efficiently. It becomes possible to prevent the occurrence of contamination in the filtration and purification.

In this way, when the clogging of the porous pipe is prevented by causing the liquid flow in the inner wall portion of the porous pipe, both the agitating member and the motive flow means are provided and the turbulent flow is provided. If both and the reciprocating flow are generated at the same time, the precipitate can be more effectively separated from the inner wall. This is also the case when the agitator is moved inside the porous pipe, and the object of the present invention is more effectively achieved by simultaneously driving the agitator and generating turbulent flow and reciprocating flow. It is possible to prevent a decrease in filtration efficiency due to clogging prevention.

If gas is supplied to the inside of the porous pipe, bubbles can be introduced during the cleaning of the porous pipe after the filtering operation, so that the cleaning can be effectively performed. It becomes possible to prevent the occurrence of contamination during purification.

By constructing the reflux passage, a large amount of sample liquid can be continuously processed. The pressure control means adjusts the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the porous pipe to adjust the rate at which the filtrate permeates the porous pipe, and thus the filtration rate of the device can be adjusted. Become.

[0019]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the structure of a filter device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The filtration device of the first embodiment has a casing 11 made of stainless steel and a porous pipe 13 installed therein, and a filtrate chamber 15 is formed between the porous pipe 13 and the casing 11. There is. The casing 11 has an outlet 17
Is installed, from which the filtrate stored in the filtrate chamber 15 is taken out. The sample solution is supplied to the inside of the porous pipe 13 from the supply port 19, and the sample solution is supplied to the supply port 19 from the supply control means 21. This supply control device 21
An inlet port 23 is installed in the chamber, and the sample solution is injected into the chamber from the outside. Therefore, when the sample liquid is injected into the inlet 23 from the outside, the sample liquid is supplied into the porous pipe 13 via the supply control device 21.

Further, in this apparatus, since a reflux path is formed in order to enable filtration of a large amount of sample solution, it is possible to simultaneously filter and purify a larger amount of sample solution than the internal volume of the porous pipe 13. You can do it.
That is, since the reflux path is configured in this device,
An extra sample liquid can be injected into the device by the amount of the reflux path. Then, the sample solution reduced by being filtered is replenished from the inlet 23 at any time.

By the way, when the particle size of the precipitate contained in the sample solution is small and the filtration cannot be carried out rapidly,
The pump 37 reduces the pressure in the filtrate chamber 15.
Then, when the filtrate has accumulated in the filtrate chamber 15 to some extent, the filtrate is taken out from the take-out port 17. As described above, the permeation rate of the filtrate is improved by increasing the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the porous pipe 13, so that the filtration operation can be speeded up. In addition, when the filtrate in the filtrate chamber 15 is sucked out by the pump 37, the filtrate is taken out on the way to the pump 37.

Here, when cleaning the apparatus, air bubbles are sent into the porous pipe 13 by the gas supply means 35 connected to the reflux passage. Then, the air bubbles sent into the porous pipe 13 cause the deposit remaining on the inner wall of the porous pipe 13 to be removed. Since this peeling action is accompanied by a change in the interface, the peeling cleaning can be performed more effectively than in the case of using only liquid or gas.

As shown in FIG. 1, the porous pipe 1
On the upper part of 3, there is installed a current generating device 25 for vertically vibrating the fluid inside the porous pipe 13. The flow raising device 25 is composed of a cylinder 27 and a piston 29, and a diaphragm 28 is installed at the joint between the cylinder 27 and the casing 11. And cylinder 2
7, a discharge port 31 is installed, and this discharge port 31 is connected to the supply control device 21.
A return path is formed to connect the discharge port 31 and the discharge port 31. Further, a pressure adjusting device 33 is installed in the supply control means 21, and the pressure of the fluid circulating in the return passage is adjusted by the pressure adjusting device 33. Further, a gas supply means 35 is connected to this reflux path so as to supply gas into the porous pipe 13. Furthermore, a pump 37 for adjusting the pressure in the filtrate chamber 15 is connected to the casing 11 via a connection port 39.

In the filtration device of the first embodiment having the above-described structure, when the pressure inside the porous pipe 13 is increased by the first pressure adjusting device 33, the sample liquid permeates the porous material and is filtered. The filtrate generated by this is stored in the filtrate chamber 15 on the outer wall of the porous pipe 13. Then, the filtrate stored in the filtrate chamber 15 is taken out from the take-out port 17.

Here, when the filtering operation is performed, the fluid in the porous pipe 13 is vibrated by the flow generating means 25, whereby a reciprocating flow is generated in the inner wall portion of the porous pipe 13. In this case, the reciprocating flow generated by the flow-inducing means 25 separates the precipitate adhering to the inner wall of the porous pipe 13, so that the clogging of the precipitate contained in the sample solution due to the adhering to the inner wall of the porous pipe 13. Occurrence is prevented. Therefore, when the filtering device according to the first embodiment is used, it is possible to prevent clogging during the filtering operation due to the reciprocating flow generated by the oscillating means 25, and thereby filter without lowering the filtering efficiency. You will be able to do it.

Here, FIG. 2 shows the structure of a filtering device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The characteristic feature of the second embodiment is that the agitator 51 has a porous pipe 13
It is installed inside. This stirring body 51
Is configured by spirally winding a stainless stirring plate 51b around a stainless stirring rod 51a. The stirring body 51 is fixedly connected to the porous pipe 13. The stirring plate 51b wound in a spiral shape diffuses the flow generated in the porous pipe 13 in all directions. As described above, due to the presence of the stirring body 51, the flow generated in the porous pipe 13 is diffused in all directions, so that a turbulent flow is generated in the inner wall portion of the porous pipe 13. Therefore, in the second embodiment, the turbulent flow generated by the agitator 51 separates the precipitate adhering to the inner wall of the porous pipe 13, which allows filtration without lowering the filtration efficiency. Become.

Here, the gas supply means 35 and the pump 37 are installed as in the first embodiment. Therefore, when cleaning the apparatus, the gas supply means 35 is used to improve the filtration efficiency of the apparatus. A pump 37 is used for adjustment.

FIG. 3 shows an example of the structure of the means for driving the current raising device 25 shown in FIG.

In the embodiment, the current generating device 25 is driven by the rotational force of the motor 40 being converted into the vertical movement of the piston 29 by the link structure. Here, the link structure as described above is used for the crank 44
And a connecting rod 46 connected to the crank 44,
The lever 48 is connected to the connecting rod 46. The lever 48 is connected to the piston shaft 29 by a thrust 49.

When the motor 40 is rotated, the crank 44 is rotated about a fixed node-like point, which is the lever 48.
Reciprocating rotary motion, that is, oscillating motion, whereby the piston shaft 29a is driven in the vertical direction. The piston shaft 29a moves up and down so that the flat 2
9b moves up and down, and along with this, the fluid flows vertically. The flat 29b is shown in FIG.
Not only the disc shape as shown in FIG. 2 but also the conical shape as shown in FIG. It should be noted that any shape can be used as long as it has a structure that allows the fluid to flow in the vertical direction. In addition, the current generating means 25
Is not limited to one that excites the fluid inside the porous pipe 13, and any means can be used as long as it causes a reciprocating flow in the inner wall portion of the porous pipe 13.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the construction of a filtering device according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

The characteristic feature of the third embodiment is that the flow generating means 25 and the stirring body 51 are installed at the same time. According to the third embodiment, the reciprocating flow by the initiating means 25 and the turbulent flow by the agitator 51 are simultaneously generated on the inner wall portion of the porous pipe 13, whereby the porous pipe 1
Since the precipitate adhering to the inner wall of No. 3 is peeled off, the filtration can be performed without lowering the filtration efficiency.

Here, if a deposit is attached to the inner wall of the porous pipe 13 during filtration to cause clogging, the permeation of the liquid is delayed at the clogged place, and the filtration area is reduced as a whole. The velocity of the filtrate that permeates into the chamber 15 decreases. Therefore, in order to perform filtration quickly, it is necessary to effectively prevent clogging of the inner wall of the porous pipe 13 during filtration.

However, in the third embodiment,
By simultaneously generating the turbulent flow and the reciprocating flow in the porous pipe 13, it becomes possible to more strongly separate the precipitate than in the first and second embodiments. Therefore, in the third embodiment, it is possible to prevent clogging more effectively than the first and second embodiments, and it is possible to prevent the above-mentioned adverse effects due to clogging.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the construction of a filter device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

The characteristic feature of the fourth embodiment is that the stirring body 51 is driven in the vertical direction. In the embodiment, the stirring rod 51 a of the stirring body 51 is the current generator 25.
2 is connected to a drive unit as shown in FIG.
Is driven vertically. In this case, the stirring body 51 is not connected to the porous pipe 13 and is in a free state.

In the fourth embodiment, when the flow raising means 25 is not in operation, the agitator 51 is driven in the vertical direction so that a turbulent flow stronger than that of the filtering device according to the second embodiment is porous. It will occur on the inner wall of the pipe 13. Therefore, the action of separating the precipitate due to the turbulent flow is stronger than that of the filtering device of the second embodiment, and the clogging can be prevented more effectively.

Further, when the activating means 25 are simultaneously operated, a reciprocating flow is generated in addition to the generation of strong turbulence, and clogging can be prevented more strongly than any of the above filtering devices. Become.

Here, when a filtrate is usually required, it is necessary to separate the filtrate remaining in the precipitate because it is necessary to determine the yield and the like. At this time, the operation of washing the precipitate with a solvent is called “washing”. In order to perform this “washing”, the precipitate itself is agitated to completely wash out the filtrate infiltrated into the precipitate. There is a need. In the filtering apparatus of the fourth embodiment, the stirring body 51 and the flow raising means 25 are simultaneously operated to prevent adhesion of precipitates to the inner wall of the porous pipe 13, and the porous pipe 1
"Washing" of the deposit adhering to the inner wall of No. 3 can also be effectively performed. During the "washing" of the precipitate, the first and second pressure control devices are adjusted to reverse the magnitude of the pressure inside and outside the porous pipe 13, or the pressure is quickly reversed. By
It is also possible to make the "washing" of the precipitate more effective. Further, by reversing the magnitude of the pressure inside and outside the porous pipe 13, it is possible to remove the deposit adhering to the inner wall of the porous pipe 13.

As described above, in the filtration device according to this embodiment, clogging can be effectively prevented, and therefore filtration can be performed without lowering the filtration efficiency. Therefore, a large amount of sample liquid can be filtered quickly and efficiently, and the supply of the sample liquid, the stirring of the sample liquid, the washing of the precipitate, the washing of the device itself, which are necessary for the filtering operation, can be performed. You can do it effectively. Furthermore, it is possible to easily control the efficiency of filtration by adjusting two pressure control devices. Moreover, by making the reflux passage closed type, it is suitable for filtration and purification of substances that dislike water and oxygen. It is also possible to apply the device.

Here, various porous materials such as ceramics can be used for the porous pipe 13 of this embodiment, but porous frosted glass is particularly suitable.
That is, abundant volcanic ejecta (Shirasu) in southern Kyushu
What was produced using the silica glass of above as a raw material is suitable.

With respect to this porous silica glass, lime and boric acid are first added to Shirasu and melted at 1300 ° C. to synthesize a basic glass as a matrix of the porous glass. Then, using this as a raw material, it is formed into a pipe shape according to the final purpose of use, and then heat-treated at about 600 to 750 ° C. to change the composition of the glass to release CaO and B ₂ O _{3 as} raw materials A phenomenon, that is, a split layer is generated.

Since this layer is easily dissolved in acid, if the heat-treated product is treated with acid, it can be eluted to form a porous glass having innumerable fine pores. The porous silica glass thus produced is very suitable as a material for forming the porous pipe 13 of the present invention, because its pore diameter and the like can be easily controlled in the processing stage.

The casing 11 need not be made of stainless steel, but can be made of any material such as iron, shell, titanium and plastic.

[0046]

As described above, in the filtration device according to the present invention, it is possible to effectively prevent the clogging of the porous material, so that it is possible to carry out filtration without lowering the filtration efficiency. In addition to this, it is possible to effectively supply the sample liquid necessary for the filtration operation, stir the sample liquid, wash the precipitate, etc., and wash the device itself, and by adjusting the two pressure control devices. It is possible to easily control the efficiency of filtration. Furthermore, by making the reflux passage a closed type, it becomes possible to apply the present apparatus to the filtration and purification of substances that dislike water and oxygen.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a filtration device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a flow-generating device according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration of a filtering device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration of a filtering device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a configuration of a filtering device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 11 Casing 13 Porous Pipe 15 Filtrate Chamber 17 Extraction Port 19 Supply Port 21 Supply Control Device 23 Injection Port 25 Induction Device (Induction Device) 27 Cylinder 29 Piston 31 Discharge Port 33 First Pressure Control Device (Pressure Control Device) 35 Gas supply means 37 Second pressure control device (pressure control means) 51 Stirrer

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁵ Identification code Internal reference number FI technical display location B01D 29/25 29/37

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A cylindrical casing, a cylindrical porous pipe provided inside the casing so as to form a filtrate chamber with the casing, and reciprocating to an inner wall portion of the porous pipe. A flow-generating means for generating a flow, and a reciprocating flow generated by the flow-generating means prevents deposits of deposits on the inner wall of the porous pipe and prevents clogging of the porous pipe. Filtration device. 2. A cylindrical casing, a cylindrical porous pipe provided inside the casing so as to form a filtrate chamber between the casing and the inner wall portion of the porous pipe. A filter for preventing clogging of the porous pipe by preventing deposition of deposits on the inner wall of the porous pipe by a turbulent flow generated by the stirring body. apparatus. 3. A cylindrical casing, a cylindrical porous pipe provided inside the casing so as to form a filtrate chamber between the casing and the inner wall portion of the porous pipe. A stirrer for generating a flow, and an oscillating means for generating a reciprocating flow in the inner wall portion of the porous pipe, wherein the inner wall of the porous pipe is formed by the turbulent flow and the reciprocating flow generated by the agitating body and the oscillating means. A filtration device which prevents clogging of the porous pipe by preventing deposits from depositing on the porous pipe. 4. The filtration apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, further comprising drive means for moving the agitator inside the porous pipe, for promoting the separation of precipitates adhering to the inner wall of the porous pipe. Characteristic filtering device. 5. The filtering device according to claim 1, 2 or 3 or 4, further comprising gas supply means for supplying gas into the inside of the porous pipe. 6. The filtration device according to claim 1, 2 or 3 or 4 or 5, wherein a reflux passage for supplying the sample supplied into the porous pipe again into the porous pipe is formed. Filtering device. 7. Claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6
The filtration device according to claim 1, further comprising a pressure control unit that adjusts a pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the porous pipe, and the filtration speed is adjusted by the pressure control unit. 8. The filter according to claim 7, wherein the pressure on the outside of the porous pipe is higher than that on the inside, and the fluid outside the porous pipe is supplied into the porous pipe through the porous wall. A filtration device, characterized in that it removes precipitates from the spots.