JP2000317276A - Filtering device - Google Patents
Filtering deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JP2000317276A JP2000317276A JP11131218A JP13121899A JP2000317276A JP 2000317276 A JP2000317276 A JP 2000317276A JP 11131218 A JP11131218 A JP 11131218A JP 13121899 A JP13121899 A JP 13121899A JP 2000317276 A JP2000317276 A JP 2000317276A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- chamber
- filtration
- hollow fiber
- filtrate
- fiber membrane
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は濾過装置に関し、濾
過液を筒状（ストロー状）の膜フィルタ（中空糸膜やセ
ラミック膜フィルタ）を用いて外圧濾過方式により濾過
する装置において、膜フィルタの外周面に付着した付着
物を濾過作業中に効果的に除去できると共に、除去した
付着物の再付着を防止するように工夫したものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a filtration apparatus, and more particularly to an apparatus for filtering a filtrate by an external pressure filtration method using a cylindrical (straw-shaped) membrane filter (hollow fiber membrane or ceramic membrane filter). The present invention is devised so that the deposits adhering to the outer peripheral surface can be effectively removed during the filtering operation, and the removed deposits are prevented from reattaching.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】液体の濾過をする媒体として中空糸膜が
知られている。この中空糸膜を用いることにより、超純
水の製造、上水の除菌、溶剤や潤滑油の精製、溶剤中の
有効物質の回収、廃液・排水の処理や回収等を行うこと
ができる。2. Description of the Related Art A hollow fiber membrane is known as a medium for filtering a liquid. The use of this hollow fiber membrane enables production of ultrapure water, sterilization of tap water, purification of solvents and lubricating oils, recovery of effective substances in solvents, treatment and recovery of waste liquid and wastewater, and the like.
【０００３】中空糸膜を用いて濾過をする方式として
は、外圧濾過方式と内圧濾過方式とがある。この中空糸
膜を用いた濾過装置では、ハウジングケース内に多数本
の中空糸膜を配置している。[0003] As a method of performing filtration using a hollow fiber membrane, there are an external pressure filtration method and an internal pressure filtration method. In a filtration device using this hollow fiber membrane, a large number of hollow fiber membranes are arranged in a housing case.
【０００４】外圧濾過方式では、筒状（ストロー状）の
中空糸膜の一端は封止しておき、他端は開放しておく
（他端を出口端面としておく）。そして濾過液を加圧し
て中空糸膜の外周面側に供給する。濾過液は中空糸膜の
外周面側から内周面側に透過し、汚濁物がフィルタリン
グされ透過液が中空糸膜の内部空間に入り、この透過液
が出口端面から出ていく。かかる外圧濾過方式では、濾
過の際には、すべての濾過液が中空糸膜を透過（外周側
から内周側に透過）していく。したがってこの濾過方式
を外圧全濾過方式とも称している。In the external pressure filtration system, one end of a tubular (straw-shaped) hollow fiber membrane is sealed and the other end is opened (the other end is set as an outlet end face). Then, the filtrate is pressurized and supplied to the outer peripheral surface side of the hollow fiber membrane. The filtrate permeates from the outer peripheral surface side to the inner peripheral surface side of the hollow fiber membrane, contaminants are filtered out, the permeate enters the internal space of the hollow fiber membrane, and the permeate exits from the outlet end face. In such an external pressure filtration system, during filtration, all the filtrate passes through the hollow fiber membrane (from the outer periphery to the inner periphery). Therefore, this filtration system is also called an external pressure total filtration system.
【０００５】内圧濾過方式では、筒状（ストロー状）の
中空糸膜の一端および他端を共に開放しておく（一端を
入口端面とし他端を出口端面としておく）。そして、加
圧した濾過液を、入口端面から中空糸膜の内部空間に供
給し、出口端面から流出させる。このとき加圧されてい
る濾過液の一部が、中空糸膜の内周面側から外周面側に
透過し、透過液が中空糸膜の外周面から出ていく。汚濁
物は中空糸膜の内部空間を濾過液と共に流通していき、
中空糸膜の外周側に出ていくことはない。かかる内圧濾
過方式では、濾過の際には、濾過液の全部ではなくその
一部が中空糸膜を透過（内周側から外周側に透過）して
いく。In the internal pressure filtration system, one end and the other end of a tubular (straw-shaped) hollow fiber membrane are both opened (one end is an inlet end face and the other end is an outlet end face). Then, the pressurized filtrate is supplied from the inlet end face to the internal space of the hollow fiber membrane, and is discharged from the outlet end face. At this time, a part of the pressurized filtrate permeates from the inner peripheral surface side to the outer peripheral surface side of the hollow fiber membrane, and the permeated liquid exits from the outer peripheral surface of the hollow fiber membrane. The contaminants flow through the internal space of the hollow fiber membrane together with the filtrate,
It does not come to the outer peripheral side of the hollow fiber membrane. In such an internal pressure filtration method, at the time of filtration, a part, but not all, of the filtrate passes through the hollow fiber membrane (transmits from the inner peripheral side to the outer peripheral side).
【０００６】ところで、外圧濾過方式を採用した場合に
は、すべての濾過液が中空糸膜を透過していくため、中
空糸膜の外周面には多量の汚濁物（付着物）が短時間で
付着してしまう。このように汚濁物が付着すると目詰ま
りが生じて濾過効率が低下してしまう。By the way, when the external pressure filtration method is adopted, all the filtrate passes through the hollow fiber membrane, so that a large amount of contaminants (adhered matter) is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the hollow fiber membrane in a short time. Will stick. When such contaminants adhere, clogging occurs and the filtration efficiency decreases.
【０００７】そこで従来では、中空糸膜を用いて外圧濾
過方式により濾過をする濾過装置において、中空糸膜の
外周面に付着した汚濁物を除去して中空糸膜を再生する
ために、濾過運転停止後に次のような再生操作をしてい
る。[0007] Therefore, conventionally, in a filtration device that performs filtration by an external pressure filtration method using a hollow fiber membrane, a filtration operation is performed to remove contaminants adhering to the outer peripheral surface of the hollow fiber membrane and regenerate the hollow fiber membrane. The following playback operation is performed after stopping.
【０００８】即ち、濾過運転を停止させてから、中空糸
膜の出口端面側から中空糸膜の内部空間に清澄な水や空
気を供給し、この水や空気を内周面側から外周面側に透
過させる逆洗（フラッシング）操作をして付着物を除去
したり、中空糸膜が配置されているハウジングケースの
内部空間に気泡状の空気を供給することによりハウジン
グケース内の液体を振動させ、これにより中空糸膜をゆ
らして付着物を除去したりしている。そして、除去した
付着物をハウジングケースの外に排出している。That is, after the filtration operation is stopped, clear water or air is supplied to the internal space of the hollow fiber membrane from the outlet end face side of the hollow fiber membrane, and the water or air is supplied from the inner peripheral face to the outer peripheral face. The liquid in the housing case is vibrated by performing a back-washing (flushing) operation to remove extraneous matter or supplying air in a bubble form to the internal space of the housing case in which the hollow fiber membrane is disposed. Thereby, the adhered matter is removed by shaking the hollow fiber membrane. Then, the removed deposits are discharged out of the housing case.
【０００９】[0009]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、中空糸膜を
用いて外圧濾過方式により濾過をする濾過装置におい
て、上述した従来技術により付着物を除去するために
は、一時的に濾過運転を停止しなければならず、濾過運
転効率が悪かった。また、長時間に亘って濾過運転を行
うことができなかった。By the way, in a filtration apparatus for performing filtration by an external pressure filtration method using a hollow fiber membrane, in order to remove deposits by the above-mentioned prior art, the filtration operation is temporarily stopped. And the filtration operation efficiency was poor. Further, the filtration operation could not be performed for a long time.
【００１０】本発明は、上記従来技術に鑑み、中空糸膜
等の筒状の膜フィルタを用いて外圧濾過方式により濾過
をする濾過装置において、中空糸膜等の筒状の膜フィル
タの外周面に付着した付着物を濾過運転中に除去するこ
とができると共に、除去した付着物が膜フィルタの外周
面に再付着することを防止することのできる濾過装置を
提供することを目的とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above prior art, the present invention relates to a filtration device for performing filtration by an external pressure filtration method using a tubular membrane filter such as a hollow fiber membrane, and an outer peripheral surface of the tubular membrane filter such as a hollow fiber membrane. It is an object of the present invention to provide a filtration device that can remove the deposits attached to the membrane filter during a filtration operation and prevent the removed deposits from re-adhering to the outer peripheral surface of the membrane filter.
【００１１】[0011]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決する本発
明の構成は、ハウジングケースの内部空間に複数本の筒
状の膜フィルタが上下方向に伸びる状態で配置されてお
り、しかも各膜フィルタの下端面は封止されると共に上
端面は開放された出口端面となっており、前記ハウジン
グケースの内部空間に濾過液が供給される濾過装置にお
いて、前記膜フィルタをハウジングケースで囲ってなる
濾過室に濾過液を供給すると共に、この濾過室の下方に
配置された付着物回収室と濾過室の底部とを連通したこ
とを特徴とする。According to the structure of the present invention which solves the above-mentioned problems, a plurality of tubular membrane filters are arranged in an internal space of a housing case so as to extend in a vertical direction. The lower end face is sealed and the upper end face is an open outlet end face. In a filtration device in which a filtrate is supplied to the internal space of the housing case, a filtration device comprising the membrane filter surrounded by a housing case. It is characterized in that the filtrate is supplied to the chamber, and the attached matter collecting chamber disposed below the filtration chamber and the bottom of the filtration chamber are communicated.
【００１２】また本発明は、ハウジングケースの内部空
間に複数本の筒状の膜フィルタが上下方向に伸びる状態
で配置されており、しかも各膜フィルタの下端面は封止
されると共に上端面は開放された出口端面となってお
り、前記ハウジングケースの内部空間に濾過液が供給さ
れる濾過装置において、前記膜フィルタをハウジングケ
ースで囲ってなる濾過室に濾過液を供給すると共に、濾
過室の底面は下方に向かうに従い狭められるような傾斜
面で形成されており、この濾過室の下方に配置された付
着物回収室と濾過室の底部とを連通したことを特徴とす
る。Further, in the present invention, a plurality of cylindrical membrane filters are arranged in the interior space of the housing case so as to extend vertically, and the lower end face of each membrane filter is sealed and the upper end face is formed. In a filtration device having an open outlet end surface and supplying a filtrate to the internal space of the housing case, the filtrate is supplied to a filtration chamber surrounding the membrane filter with a housing case, and the filtration chamber is The bottom surface is formed as an inclined surface that becomes narrower as it goes downward, and is characterized in that the attached matter collection chamber disposed below the filtration chamber communicates with the bottom of the filtration chamber.
【００１３】また本発明は、前記濾過室に供給される濾
過液は、濾過室内の膜フィルタに向かって流れるように
供給されるか、または、濾過室の内周縁に沿う方向に回
流するように供給されていることを特徴とする。[0013] Further, according to the present invention, the filtrate supplied to the filtration chamber is supplied so as to flow toward a membrane filter in the filtration chamber, or is circulated in a direction along an inner peripheral edge of the filtration chamber. It is supplied.
【００１４】また本発明の構成は、前記濾過室と前記付
着物回収室とは、一体のハウジングケースにより囲まれ
て形成されており、このハウジングケース内の空間を、
濾過室の底面により上下に２分することにより、濾過室
と付着物回収室とが形成されていることを特徴とする。Further, according to the structure of the present invention, the filtration chamber and the extraneous matter collecting chamber are formed so as to be surrounded by an integral housing case.
It is characterized in that a filtration chamber and an adhering matter recovery chamber are formed by dividing the bottom of the filtration chamber up and down by two.
【００１５】また本発明の構成は、前記濾過室に対して
前記付着物回収室は細く形成されていることを特徴とす
る。[0015] The structure of the present invention is characterized in that the adhering matter recovery chamber is formed thinner than the filtration chamber.
【００１６】また本発明の構成は、前記濾過室と前記付
着物回収室とは、中空の連結部材により連結されている
ことを特徴とする。Further, in the configuration of the present invention, the filtration chamber and the extraneous matter recovery chamber are connected by a hollow connecting member.
【００１７】また本発明の構成は、前記濾過室に供給さ
れる濾過液に空気を連続的に又は間欠的に混入するミキ
サーを備えていることを特徴とする。Further, the configuration of the present invention is characterized in that a mixer for continuously or intermittently mixing air with the filtrate supplied to the filtration chamber is provided.
【００１８】また本発明の構成は、筒状の前記膜フィル
タは、中空糸膜またはセラミック膜フィルタであること
を特徴とする。Further, in the configuration of the present invention, the cylindrical membrane filter is a hollow fiber membrane or a ceramic membrane filter.
【００１９】また本発明の構成は、前記濾過室に気体を
供給する気体供給手段と、前記付着物回収室の底部に連
結されており前記気体供給手段により空気が供給されて
から開状態となって付着物を付着物回収室の外部に排出
する付着物排出手段とが備えられていることを特徴とす
る。Further, according to the present invention, there is provided a gas supply means for supplying gas to the filtration chamber and an open state after air is supplied by the gas supply means and connected to the bottom of the deposit recovery chamber. And a deposit discharging means for discharging the deposit to the outside of the deposit recovery chamber.
【００２０】[0020]
【発明の実施の形態】以下に本発明の実施の形態を図面
に基づき詳細に説明する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.
【００２１】＜第１の実施の形態＞本発明の第１の実施
の形態にかかる濾過装置を図１を参照しつつ説明する。
なお図１では、配管系は簡略化して直線で描いている。<First Embodiment> A filtering device according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
In FIG. 1, the piping system is drawn as a straight line in a simplified manner.
【００２２】図１に示すように、本実施の形態にかかる
濾過装置１０では、円筒形となっている一体のハウジン
グケース１１の内部空間に、濾過室１２と付着物回収室
１３とが形成されている。つまり、濾過室１２の底面１
２ａにより、ハウジングケース１１の内部空間を上下に
２分することにより、上側空間が濾過室１２となり、下
側空間が付着物回収室１３となっている。なお、ハウジ
ングケース１１は上下端面が閉塞されている。As shown in FIG. 1, in a filtration device 10 according to the present embodiment, a filtration chamber 12 and an adhering matter recovery chamber 13 are formed in the internal space of a cylindrical integral housing case 11. ing. That is, the bottom surface 1 of the filtration chamber 12
By dividing the internal space of the housing case 11 into two vertically by 2a, the upper space becomes the filtration chamber 12 and the lower space becomes the deposit recovery chamber 13. The upper and lower end surfaces of the housing case 11 are closed.
【００２３】濾過室１２の底面１２ａは、下方に向かう
に従い開口面積が狭められるような円錐形状面（傾斜
面）となっており、下端面は開口している。即ち、底面
１２ａは漏斗型の形状となっており、濾過室１２と付着
物回収室１３とを分離する隔壁としての機能を有してい
る。そして底面１２ａの下端開口を介して、濾過室１２
と付着物回収室１３とが連通している。The bottom surface 12a of the filtration chamber 12 has a conical surface (inclined surface) such that the opening area is reduced toward the bottom, and the lower end surface is open. That is, the bottom surface 12a has a funnel shape, and has a function as a partition for separating the filtration chamber 12 and the attached matter collection chamber 13. Then, through the lower end opening of the bottom surface 12a, the filtration chamber 12
And the adhering matter recovery chamber 13 communicate with each other.
【００２４】濾過室１２内には中空糸膜モジュール１４
が配置されている。この中空糸膜モジュール１４は、複
数本（数百本〜数千本）の中空糸膜１４ａを束にしたも
のであり、各中空糸膜１４ａが上下方向に伸びる状態で
配置されている。各中空糸膜１４ａは、その下端面が封
止されており、その上端面は開放された出口端面となっ
ている。The filtration chamber 12 has a hollow fiber membrane module 14
Is arranged. The hollow fiber membrane module 14 is formed by bundling a plurality (several hundreds to thousands) of hollow fiber membranes 14a, and the hollow fiber membranes 14a are arranged so as to extend vertically. The lower end face of each hollow fiber membrane 14a is sealed, and the upper end face is an open outlet end face.
【００２５】ハウジングケース１１のうち濾過室１２を
形成する部分には、液供給口１５，気液排出口１６及び
気体供給口１７が接続されている。また、ハウジングケ
ース１１のうち付着物回収室１３を形成する部分の底部
には、ドレン排出口１８が接続されている。A liquid supply port 15, a gas-liquid discharge port 16 and a gas supply port 17 are connected to a portion of the housing case 11 forming the filtration chamber 12. In addition, a drain outlet 18 is connected to the bottom of a portion of the housing case 11 forming the attached matter collection chamber 13.
【００２６】一方、貯留槽２０には濾過液Ｗ１が貯溜さ
れており、貯溜槽２０と、濾過装置１０の液供給口１５
とは、配管Ｌ１により接続されている。この配管Ｌ１に
は、濾過液Ｗ１を供給するためのポンプＰと、濾過液Ｗ
１に空気を混入するためのミキサーＭと、バルブＶ１が
介装されている。On the other hand, the filtrate W1 is stored in the storage tank 20, and the storage tank 20 and the liquid supply port 15 of the filtration device 10 are stored.
Are connected by a pipe L1. A pump P for supplying the filtrate W1 and a filtrate W
1 is provided with a mixer M for mixing air and a valve V1.
【００２７】気液排出口１６と貯溜槽２０とは、気液配
管Ｌ２により接続されており、この気液配管Ｌ２にはバ
ルブＶ２が介装されている。気体供給口１７には、気体
配管Ｌ３が接続されており、この気体配管Ｌ３にはバル
ブＶ３が介装されている。ドレン排出口１８にはドレン
配管Ｌ４が接続されており、このドレン配管Ｌ４にはバ
ルブＶ４が介装されている。中空糸膜モジュール１４
（中空糸膜１４ａ）の出口端面には、配管Ｌ５が接続さ
れている。The gas-liquid outlet 16 and the storage tank 20 are connected by a gas-liquid pipe L2, and a valve V2 is interposed in the gas-liquid pipe L2. A gas pipe L3 is connected to the gas supply port 17, and a valve V3 is interposed in the gas pipe L3. A drain pipe L4 is connected to the drain outlet 18, and a valve V4 is interposed in the drain pipe L4. Hollow fiber membrane module 14
The pipe L5 is connected to the outlet end face of the (hollow fiber membrane 14a).
【００２８】上記構成となっている第１の実施の形態に
かかる濾過装置１０では、濾過運転をするときには、バ
ルブＶ１，Ｖ２を開状態とすると共に、バルブＶ３，Ｖ
４を閉状態として、ポンプＰ及びミキサーＭを駆動す
る。In the filtering device 10 according to the first embodiment having the above configuration, when performing the filtering operation, the valves V1 and V2 are opened and the valves V3 and V
4 is closed, and the pump P and the mixer M are driven.
【００２９】そうすると、貯溜槽２０内の濾過液Ｗ１
が、ポンプＰにより配管Ｌ１を介して、液供給口１５か
ら濾過室１２内に供給される。また、供給される濾過液
Ｗ１には、ミキサーＭにより空気が気泡となって混入さ
れる。Then, the filtrate W1 in the storage tank 20 is
Is supplied from the liquid supply port 15 into the filtration chamber 12 by the pump P via the pipe L1. Further, air is mixed into the supplied filtrate W1 as bubbles by the mixer M.
【００３０】このようにして濾過液Ｗ１が供給される
と、濾過室１２及び、この濾過室１２に連通した付着物
回収室１３が濾過液Ｗ１により満たされる。この濾過液
Ｗ１はポンプＰにより加圧されているため、濾過液Ｗ１
は各中空糸膜１４ａを、外周側から内周側に透過し、汚
濁物がフィルタリングされた透過液Ｗ２が各中空糸膜１
４ａの内部空間に入る。この透過液Ｗ２は、中空糸膜モ
ジュール１４ａの出口端面から配管Ｌ５に送られ、この
配管Ｌ５を通って濾過槽（図示省略）に送られる。この
ようにして濾過作業が行われる。なお、気泡と濾過液Ｗ
１とが混じった気液は、気液配管Ｌ２を通って、貯留槽
２０に戻る。When the filtrate W1 is supplied in this manner, the filtration chamber 12 and the deposit recovery chamber 13 communicating with the filtration chamber 12 are filled with the filtrate W1. Since the filtrate W1 is pressurized by the pump P, the filtrate W1
Is transmitted through the hollow fiber membranes 14a from the outer peripheral side to the inner peripheral side, and the permeated liquid W2, in which the contaminants are filtered, is passed through the hollow fiber membranes 1a.
Enter the internal space of 4a. The permeate W2 is sent to the pipe L5 from the outlet end face of the hollow fiber membrane module 14a, and is sent to a filtration tank (not shown) through the pipe L5. Thus, the filtering operation is performed. Note that bubbles and the filtrate W
The gas-liquid mixed with 1 returns to the storage tank 20 through the gas-liquid pipe L2.
【００３１】濾過液Ｗ１を濾過室１２に供給すると、濾
過室１２内の濾過液Ｗ１は乱流となって濾過室１２内で
渦巻く。このように濾過室１２内の濾過液Ｗ１は乱流と
なって渦巻くため、中空糸膜１４ａは連続的に常に揺れ
る。このように中空糸膜１４ａが連続的に常に揺れるた
め、中空糸膜１４ａの外周面に付着した付着物（汚濁
物）３０は、中空糸膜１４ａの外周面から剥がれ除去さ
れる。When the filtrate W1 is supplied to the filtration chamber 12, the filtrate W1 in the filtration chamber 12 becomes turbulent and swirls in the filtration chamber 12. As described above, since the filtrate W1 in the filtration chamber 12 is swirled as a turbulent flow, the hollow fiber membrane 14a continuously and constantly shakes. As described above, since the hollow fiber membrane 14a continuously shakes, the deposits (contaminants) 30 attached to the outer peripheral surface of the hollow fiber membrane 14a are peeled off from the outer peripheral surface of the hollow fiber membrane 14a and removed.
【００３２】また、濾過液Ｗ１に混入された気泡が濾過
室１２内を浮上することによっても、濾過室１２内の濾
過液Ｗ１が振動するため、この振動によっても付着物３
０の除去が行われる。Also, the bubbles mixed in the filtrate W1 float in the filtration chamber 12 and the filtrate W1 in the filtration chamber 12 vibrates.
Zero removal is performed.
【００３３】かくして、中空糸膜１４ａの外周面に付着
した付着物３０を、濾過運転中に除去することができ
る。このため、濾過運転時間を長くすることができ、長
時間に亘り連続濾過運転ができる。Thus, the deposit 30 adhering to the outer peripheral surface of the hollow fiber membrane 14a can be removed during the filtration operation. For this reason, the filtration operation time can be lengthened, and the continuous filtration operation can be performed for a long time.
【００３４】除去された付着物３０は、濾過液Ｗ１より
も重いので、濾過液Ｗ１が乱流となっていても比重差に
より次第に下方に沈下していく。沈下していった付着物
３０は底面（傾斜面）１２ａに沿い下方に移動し、更に
底面１２ａの下端開口から付着物回収室１３内に落下す
る。Since the removed deposit 30 is heavier than the filtrate W1, even if the filtrate W1 has a turbulent flow, it gradually sinks downward due to a difference in specific gravity. The attached matter 30 that has settled moves downward along the bottom surface (inclined surface) 12a, and further falls into the attached matter collection chamber 13 from the lower end opening of the bottom surface 12a.
【００３５】付着物回収室１３は、底面１２ａの下端開
口を除き、底面１２ａにより濾過室１２と仕切られてい
るため、付着物回収室１３内の濾過液Ｗ１は乱流となる
ことはなく、ほぼ静止状態となっている。このため、付
着物回収室１３内に落下した付着物３０は付着物回収室
１３の底部に堆積する。また、底面１２ａの下端開口は
狭いため、付着物回収室１３内に入った付着物３０は、
濾過室１２側に戻ることはない。The adhering matter recovery chamber 13 is separated from the filtration chamber 12 by the bottom surface 12a except for the lower end opening of the bottom surface 12a, so that the filtrate W1 in the adhering matter recovery chamber 13 does not become turbulent. It is almost stationary. Therefore, the deposit 30 that has fallen into the deposit recovery chamber 13 accumulates on the bottom of the deposit recovery chamber 13. Further, since the lower end opening of the bottom surface 12a is narrow, the deposit 30 entering the deposit recovery chamber 13 is
There is no return to the filtration chamber 12 side.
【００３６】このように、除去して付着物回収室１３に
入った付着物３０が、濾過室１２側に戻ることがないた
め、除去した付着物３０が、中空糸膜１４ａの外周面に
再付着することを防止することができる。As described above, since the attached matter 30 that has been removed and enters the attached matter collection chamber 13 does not return to the filtration chamber 12, the removed attached matter 30 is re-applied to the outer peripheral surface of the hollow fiber membrane 14a. Adherence can be prevented.
【００３７】濾過運転が終了したら、バルブＶ１，Ｖ２
を閉状態とすると共に、ポンプＰ及びミキサーＭの駆動
を停止する。そして、バルブＶ４を閉状態とした状態
で、バルブＶ３を開状態として、気体配管Ｌ３を介して
濾過室１２内に気体（空気やＳＯ4 ）を供給（圧送）す
る。こうすると、供給された気体の圧力により付着物回
収室１３内の濾過液Ｗ１の圧力も高くなる。そして、気
体の圧送開始から１〜２秒後に、バルブＶ４を開放する
と、付着物回収室１３の底部に堆積した付着物３０は、
ドレン排出口１８及びドレン配管Ｌ４を通って強制的に
外部に排出される。When the filtration operation is completed, the valves V1, V2
Is closed, and the driving of the pump P and the mixer M is stopped. Then, with the valve V4 closed, the valve V3 is opened, and gas (air or SO 4 ) is supplied (pumped) into the filtration chamber 12 via the gas pipe L3. Then, the pressure of the filtrate W1 in the attached matter recovery chamber 13 also increases due to the pressure of the supplied gas. When the valve V4 is opened 1-2 seconds after the start of gas pressure feeding, the deposit 30 deposited on the bottom of the deposit recovery chamber 13 is removed.
It is forcibly discharged to the outside through the drain discharge port 18 and the drain pipe L4.
【００３８】このように強制排出するため、付着物３０
が付着物回収室１３の底部で堆積・固化していても確実
に付着物３０を外部に排出できると共に、付着物３０に
よりドレン配管Ｌ４を詰まらせることもない。また、付
着物３０を短時間で外部に排出することができ、この結
果、付着物３０と共に外部に排出される濾過液Ｗ１の量
を極力抑えることができる。In order to forcibly discharge the material, the deposit 30
Even if is accumulated and solidified at the bottom of the adhering matter recovery chamber 13, the adhering matter 30 can be reliably discharged to the outside, and the drainage pipe L4 is not clogged by the adhering matter 30. Further, the deposit 30 can be discharged to the outside in a short time, and as a result, the amount of the filtrate W1 discharged to the outside together with the deposit 30 can be suppressed as much as possible.
【００３９】付着物３０を外部に排出したら、バルブＶ
３，Ｖ４を閉状態とする。なお、気体供給口１７，気体
配管Ｌ３及びバルブＶ３により、気体供給手段が構成さ
れており、ドレン排出口１８，ドレン配管Ｌ４及びバル
ブＶ４により付着物排出手段が構成されている。When the deposit 30 is discharged to the outside, the valve V
3, V4 is closed. The gas supply port 17, the gas pipe L3, and the valve V3 constitute a gas supply means, and the drain discharge port 18, the drain pipe L4, and the valve V4 constitute a deposit discharge means.
【００４０】なお、逆洗用の空気を中空糸膜１４ａの出
口端面から供給できるように構成しておき、この逆洗用
の空気供給機構を、上述した気体供給手段（気体供給口
１７，気体配管Ｌ３及びバルブＶ３）の代りに用いても
良い。The air for backwashing is configured to be supplied from the outlet end face of the hollow fiber membrane 14a, and the air supply mechanism for backwashing is provided by the gas supply means (gas supply port 17, gas supply port 17). It may be used instead of the pipe L3 and the valve V3).
【００４１】また、横断面である図２（ａ）に示すよう
に、液供給口１５を径方向に配置して、濾過液Ｗ１を中
空糸膜モジュール１４に向けて流したり、図２（ｂ）に
示すように、液供給口１５を径方向に対して斜めに配置
して、濾過液Ｗ１をハウジングケース１１の内周縁に沿
う方向に回流させるようにしてもよい。As shown in FIG. 2 (a), which is a cross section, the liquid supply port 15 is arranged in the radial direction to flow the filtrate W1 toward the hollow fiber membrane module 14. As shown in (), the liquid supply port 15 may be arranged obliquely to the radial direction, and the filtrate W1 may be circulated in a direction along the inner peripheral edge of the housing case 11.
【００４２】図２（ｂ）のようにした場合には、濾過室
１２内の濾過液Ｗ１は、竜巻き状に渦巻き回流するた
め、より強く各中空糸膜１４ａを揺らすことができ、付
着物３０を強力に除去することができる。除去された付
着物３０は、比重差により下方に沈下していく。つま
り、比重差を利用したサイクロン効果により、下方に沈
下していく。In the case as shown in FIG. 2B, the filtrate W1 in the filtration chamber 12 spirally circulates in a tornado shape, so that each hollow fiber membrane 14a can be shaken more strongly, and the deposit 30 can be strongly removed. The removed deposit 30 sinks downward due to a difference in specific gravity. In other words, it sinks downward due to the cyclone effect using the specific gravity difference.
【００４３】また、液供給口１５の先端を絞ってノズル
形状として、濾過室１２内に濾過液Ｗ１を強く噴出する
ようにしてもよい。このようにすることにより、濾過室
１２内での濾過液Ｗ１の乱流や回流が強くなり、更に強
力に付着物３０の除去ができる。Further, the tip of the liquid supply port 15 may be narrowed to have a nozzle shape so that the filtrate W1 is strongly jetted into the filtration chamber 12. By doing so, the turbulent flow and circulating flow of the filtrate W1 in the filtration chamber 12 become stronger, and the attached matter 30 can be removed more strongly.
【００４４】なお、第１の実施の形態では、ミキサーＭ
を採用して空気を混入するようにしたが、空気を混入し
ない構成としてもよい。この場合には、気液排出口１６
及び気液配管Ｌ２も不要になる。In the first embodiment, the mixer M
Is adopted to mix the air, but a configuration in which no air is mixed may be adopted. In this case, the gas-liquid outlet 16
Also, the gas-liquid pipe L2 is not required.
【００４５】また、付着物３０を強制排出しない構成と
してもよい。この場合には、気体供給手段（気体供給口
１７，気体配管Ｌ３及びバルブＶ３）及び付着物排出手
段（ドレン排出口１８，ドレン配管Ｌ４及びバルブＶ
４）は不要になる。強制排出しない場合には、付着物回
収室１３の底面にバルブを接続しておき、付着物排出時
にこのバルブを開として、付着物３０を濾過液Ｗ１と共
に自然排出するようにする。Further, a configuration may be employed in which the attached matter 30 is not forcibly discharged. In this case, the gas supply means (gas supply port 17, gas pipe L3 and valve V3) and the adhering matter discharge means (drain discharge port 18, drain pipe L4 and valve V3)
4) becomes unnecessary. If not forcedly discharged, a valve is connected to the bottom surface of the adhering matter recovery chamber 13, and when the adhering matter is discharged, this valve is opened to spontaneously discharge the adhering matter 30 together with the filtrate W1.
【００４６】＜第１の実施の形態の変形例＞図３は、第
１の実施の形態の変形例を示している。この例では、中
空糸膜モジュール１４の中央部分、つまり、多数本の束
となった中空糸膜１４ａの束の中央部分に、ノズル４０
を配置している。このノズル４０は図示しない支持体に
よりハウジングケース１１に支持されており、ノズル４
０の周面には、多数の供給孔４１が形成されている。他
の部分の構成は、図１に示す第１の実施の形態と同様で
ある。<Modification of First Embodiment> FIG. 3 shows a modification of the first embodiment. In this example, the nozzle 40 is located at the central portion of the hollow fiber membrane module 14, that is, at the central portion of the bundle of hollow fiber
Has been arranged. The nozzle 40 is supported by the housing case 11 by a support (not shown).
A number of supply holes 41 are formed on the peripheral surface of the zero. The configuration of other parts is the same as that of the first embodiment shown in FIG.
【００４７】ノズル４０内に、貯留槽２０内の濾過液Ｗ
１が供給されると、ノズル４０の供給口４１から濾過液
Ｗ１が、濾過室１２内に供給（ないし噴出）され、濾過
室１２内の濾過液Ｗ１が乱流となり、中空糸膜１４ａは
連続的に常に揺れる。このように中空糸膜１４ａが連続
的に常に揺れるため、中空糸膜１４ａの外周面に付着し
た付着物（汚濁物）３０は、中空糸膜１４ａの外周面か
ら剥がれ除去される。In the nozzle 40, the filtrate W in the storage tank 20 is
When 1 is supplied, the filtrate W1 is supplied (or jetted) from the supply port 41 of the nozzle 40 into the filtration chamber 12, and the filtrate W1 in the filtration chamber 12 becomes turbulent, and the hollow fiber membrane 14a is continuous. Always shakes. As described above, since the hollow fiber membrane 14a continuously shakes, the deposits (contaminants) 30 attached to the outer peripheral surface of the hollow fiber membrane 14a are peeled off from the outer peripheral surface of the hollow fiber membrane 14a and removed.
【００４８】また、ノズル４０の供給孔４１を系方向に
対して斜めに形成して、濾過液１２を周方向に供給する
ことにより、濾過室１２内の濾過液Ｗ１を回流させるこ
ともできる。Further, by forming the supply hole 41 of the nozzle 40 obliquely to the system direction and supplying the filtrate 12 in the circumferential direction, the filtrate W1 in the filtration chamber 12 can be circulated.
【００４９】更に、配管Ｌ１を、付着物回収室１３の底
部を貫通させると共に、濾過室１２の底面１２ａの下端
開口を通してノズル４０に接続するように構成してもよ
い。Further, the pipe L1 may be configured to penetrate the bottom of the adhering matter recovery chamber 13 and to be connected to the nozzle 40 through the lower end opening of the bottom surface 12a of the filtration chamber 12.
【００５０】＜第２の実施の形態＞図４は本発明の第２
の実施の形態にかかる濾過装置１０Ａを示す。この濾過
装置１０Ａでは、濾過室１２Ａに対して付着物回収室１
３Ａが細く形成されている。そして、上側の濾過室１２
Ａと下側の付着物回収室１３Ａとは、下方に向かうに従
い開口面積が狭められている傾斜面１２ｂにより連通し
ている。他の部分の構成は第１の実施の形態と同様であ
る。<Second Embodiment> FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.
1 shows a filtration device 10A according to the embodiment. In this filtration device 10A, the deposit recovery chamber 1
3A is formed thin. And the upper filtration chamber 12
A and the lower attached matter collection chamber 13A communicate with each other by an inclined surface 12b whose opening area is reduced toward the bottom. The configuration of the other parts is the same as that of the first embodiment.
【００５１】この第２の実施の形態では、付着物回収室
１３Ａが細長い筒状となっておりその開口面積が狭いた
め、濾過室１２Ａ内の濾過液Ｗ１が乱流となっていて
も、この付着物回収室１３Ａ内（特に付着物回収室１３
Ａの底面部分）の濾過液Ｗ１はほぼ静止状態となってい
る。このため、付着物回収室１３Ａの底面に堆積した付
着物３０が、濾過室１２Ａ側に戻ることはなく、付着物
３０が中空糸膜１４ａに再付着することはない。In the second embodiment, since the adhering matter recovery chamber 13A is formed in an elongated tubular shape and has a narrow opening area, even if the filtrate W1 in the filtration chamber 12A is turbulent, Inside the deposit collection chamber 13A (particularly, the deposit collection chamber 13
The filtrate W1 (at the bottom of A) is almost stationary. Therefore, the deposit 30 deposited on the bottom surface of the deposit recovery chamber 13A does not return to the filtration chamber 12A side, and the deposit 30 does not adhere to the hollow fiber membrane 14a again.
【００５２】なお、傾斜面１２ｂを用いずに、濾過室１
２Ａの底面と、付着物回収室１３Ａとを直接連通しても
良い。つまり、傾斜面１２ｂの部分を傾斜させずに、こ
の面を水平面とした構成としても良い。The filtration chamber 1 is not used without using the inclined surface 12b.
The bottom surface of 2A and the attached matter recovery chamber 13A may be directly communicated. In other words, a configuration may be adopted in which the inclined surface 12b is not inclined and this surface is a horizontal surface.
【００５３】＜第３の実施の形態＞なお、濾過室と付着
物回収室とを別個のハウジングケースにより形成し、濾
過室の下方に付着物回収室を配置し、濾過室の底部と付
着物回収室とをチューブ等の中空の連結部材により連結
する構成とすることもできる。<Third Embodiment> The filtration chamber and the extraneous matter recovery chamber are formed by separate housing cases, the extraneous matter recovery chamber is arranged below the filtration chamber, and the bottom of the filtration chamber and the extraneous matter are attached. A configuration in which the collection chamber is connected to a hollow connection member such as a tube may be employed.
【００５４】なお、上記各実施の形態では、中空糸膜を
束にした中空糸膜モジュールを採用しているが、中空糸
膜を直線状に並べた（縄暖簾状に形成した）中空糸膜モ
ジュールを用いることもできる。更に、中空糸膜の代わ
りに、セラミックを筒状( ストロー状）に形成したセラ
ミック膜フィルタを用いることもできる。In each of the above embodiments, the hollow fiber membrane module in which the hollow fiber membranes are bundled is employed. However, the hollow fiber membranes in which the hollow fiber membranes are arranged linearly (formed in the shape of a rope curtain) are used. Modules can also be used. Further, instead of the hollow fiber membrane, a ceramic membrane filter formed of ceramic in a cylindrical shape (straw shape) can be used.
【００５５】[0055]
【発明の効果】以上実施の形態と共に具体的に説明した
ように、本発明では、膜フィルタを備えた濾過室に濾過
液を供給することにより、濾過室内に乱流を生じさせて
膜フィルタを連続的に揺らすことにより、膜フィルタの
表面に付着した付着物を、濾過運転中に剥がし除去する
ことができる。そして、濾過室の下方に連通・配置した
付着物回収室に、除去した付着物が落下していき濾過室
に戻ることがないように構成したため、除去した付着物
が膜フィルタに再付着することを防止することができ
る。かくして、付着物による膜フィルタの目詰まりを防
止して、長時間に亘り連続濾過運転を行うことができ
る。As described above in detail with the embodiments, in the present invention, by supplying a filtrate to a filtration chamber provided with a membrane filter, a turbulent flow is generated in the filtration chamber, thereby forming a membrane filter. By continuously shaking, deposits attached to the surface of the membrane filter can be peeled and removed during the filtration operation. Then, since the removed deposits are configured not to fall into the deposit recovery chamber communicating and arranged below the filtration chamber and return to the filtration chamber, the removed deposits may re-attach to the membrane filter. Can be prevented. Thus, it is possible to prevent the membrane filter from being clogged by deposits, and to perform the continuous filtration operation for a long time.
【図１】本発明の第１の実施の形態にかかる濾過装置を
示す構成図。FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a filtration device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】濾過装置のハウジングケースの部分を示す横断
面図。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of a housing case of the filtration device.
【図３】本発明の第１の実施の形態の変形例を示す構成
図。FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing a modification of the first embodiment of the present invention.
【図４】本発明の第２の実施の形態にかかる濾過装置を
示す構成図。FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram showing a filtration device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
１０，１０Ａ 濾過装置 １１ ハウジングケース １２，１２Ａ 濾過室 １２ａ 底面 １２ｂ 傾斜面 １３，１３Ａ 付着物回収室 １４ 中空糸膜モジュール １４ａ 中空糸膜 １５ 液供給口 １６ 気液排出口 １７ 気体供給口 １８ ドレン排出口 ２０ 貯溜槽 ３０ 付着物 ４０ ノズル ４１ 供給口 Ｐ ポンプ Ｍ ミキサー Ｖ１〜Ｖ４ バルブ Ｗ１ 濾過液 Ｗ２ 透過液 10, 10A Filtration device 11 Housing case 12, 12A Filtration chamber 12a Bottom surface 12b Inclined surface 13, 13A Adhered matter recovery chamber 14 Hollow fiber membrane module 14a Hollow fiber membrane 15 Liquid supply port 16 Gas-liquid discharge port 17 Gas supply port 18 Drain discharge Outlet 20 Storage tank 30 Deposit 40 Nozzle 41 Supply port P Pump M Mixer V1-V4 Valve W1 Filtrate W2 Permeate
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 中嶋 顕 千葉県船橋市二和東六丁目32番地の５ 株 式会社全研内 Ｆターム(参考） 4D006 GA02 HA03 HA19 JA13A JA25A JA31A JA33A JA34A JA63A KA43 KC03 KC14 MA01 MC03 PA04 PB06 PB08 PB14 PB24 PC02 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Akira Nakajima F-term (reference) 4D006 GA02 HA03 HA19 JA13A JA25A JA31A JA33A JA34A JA63A KA43 KC03 KC14 MA01 MC03 PA04 PB06 PB08 PB14 PB24 PC02
Claims (9)
筒状の膜フィルタが上下方向に伸びる状態で配置されて
おり、しかも各膜フィルタの下端面は封止されると共に
上端面は開放された出口端面となっており、前記ハウジ
ングケースの内部空間に濾過液が供給される濾過装置に
おいて、 前記膜フィルタをハウジングケースで囲ってなる濾過室
に濾過液を供給すると共に、この濾過室の下方に配置さ
れた付着物回収室と濾過室の底部とを連通したことを特
徴とする濾過装置。1. A plurality of tubular membrane filters are arranged in an inner space of a housing case so as to extend in a vertical direction, and the lower end face of each membrane filter is sealed and the upper end face is opened. In a filtration device having an outlet end face and supplying a filtrate to an internal space of the housing case, a filtrate is supplied to a filtration chamber surrounding the membrane filter with a housing case, and a filtration solution is provided below the filtration chamber. A filtration device, wherein the disposed deposit collection chamber and the bottom of the filtration chamber communicate with each other.
筒状の膜フィルタが上下方向に伸びる状態で配置されて
おり、しかも各膜フィルタの下端面は封止されると共に
上端面は開放された出口端面となっており、前記ハウジ
ングケースの内部空間に濾過液が供給される濾過装置に
おいて、 前記膜フィルタをハウジングケースで囲ってなる濾過室
に濾過液を供給すると共に、濾過室の底面は下方に向か
うに従い狭められるような傾斜面で形成されており、こ
の濾過室の下方に配置された付着物回収室と濾過室の底
部とを連通したことを特徴とする濾過装置。2. A plurality of tubular membrane filters are arranged in an inner space of a housing case so as to extend in a vertical direction. Further, a lower end face of each membrane filter is sealed and an upper end face is opened. In the filtration device, which is an outlet end face and the filtrate is supplied to the internal space of the housing case, the filtrate is supplied to a filtration chamber surrounding the membrane filter with a housing case, and the bottom surface of the filtration chamber is downward. A filter device characterized by having an inclined surface that is narrowed toward the filter chamber, and communicating the attached matter recovery chamber disposed below the filtration chamber with the bottom of the filtration chamber.
室内の膜フィルタに向かって流れるように供給される
か、または、濾過室の内周縁に沿う方向に回流するよう
に供給されていることを特徴とする濾過装置。3. The filtrate supplied to the filtration chamber is supplied so as to flow toward a membrane filter in the filtration chamber, or is supplied so as to circulate in a direction along an inner peripheral edge of the filtration chamber. A filtration device.
体のハウジングケースにより囲まれて形成されており、
このハウジングケース内の空間を、濾過室の底面により
上下に２分することにより、濾過室と付着物回収室とが
形成されていることを特徴とする請求項１または請求項
２または請求項３の濾過装置。4. The filtration chamber and the extraneous matter recovery chamber are formed so as to be surrounded by an integral housing case.
4. The filter chamber and the adhering matter recovery chamber are formed by dividing the space in the housing case into upper and lower portions by a bottom surface of the filter chamber. Filtration equipment.
細く形成されていることを特徴とする請求項１または請
求項２または請求項３または請求項４の濾過装置。5. The filtering device according to claim 1, wherein the deposit collecting chamber is formed thinner than the filtering chamber.
空の連結部材により連結されていることを特徴とする請
求項１または請求項２または請求項３の濾過装置。6. The filtering device according to claim 1, wherein the filtration chamber and the deposit collecting chamber are connected by a hollow connecting member.
連続的に又は間欠的に混入するミキサーを備えているこ
とを特徴とする請求項１または請求項２または請求項３
または請求項４または請求項５または請求項６の濾過装
置。7. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a mixer for continuously or intermittently mixing air into a filtrate supplied to the filtration chamber.
Or the filtering device of claim 4 or claim 5 or claim 6.
はセラミック膜フィルタであることを特徴とする請求項
１または請求項２または請求項３または請求項４または
請求項５または請求項６または請求項７の濾過装置。8. The tubular membrane filter is a hollow fiber membrane or a ceramic membrane filter, wherein the tubular membrane filter is a hollow fiber membrane or a ceramic membrane filter. Or the filtration device of claim 7.
段と、前記付着物回収室の底部に連結されており前記気
体供給手段により空気が供給されてから開状態となって
付着物を付着物回収室の外部に排出する付着物排出手段
とが備えられていることを特徴とする請求項１または請
求項２または請求項３または請求項４または請求項５ま
たは請求項６または請求項７または請求項８の濾過装
置。9. A gas supply means for supplying gas to the filtration chamber, and a gas supply means connected to the bottom of the deposit recovery chamber, which is opened after air is supplied by the gas supply means to apply the deposit. 7. An attached matter discharging means for discharging the attached matter to the outside of the kimono collecting chamber, wherein the attached matter discharging means is provided. Or the filtration device of claim 8.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11131218A JP2000317276A (en) | 1999-05-12 | 1999-05-12 | Filtering device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11131218A JP2000317276A (en) | 1999-05-12 | 1999-05-12 | Filtering device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000317276A true JP2000317276A (en) | 2000-11-21 |
Family
ID=15052805
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11131218A Pending JP2000317276A (en) | 1999-05-12 | 1999-05-12 | Filtering device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2000317276A (en) |
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