JPH05211727A - Vehicle feeder system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To adopt a small-size and low-cost alternator to energize on-board low-voltage and high-voltage electrical devices. CONSTITUTION:In the system, an on-board battery 1 is a low-voltage (12V) one and an alternator 2 is also a low-voltage (12V) one. Low-voltage (12V) on-board electrical devices 3 and low-voltage head lamp 5 are supplied with power from the low-voltage on-board battery 1 and alternator 2. A booster 10 is connected with the AC part of the alternator 2 to raise low voltage (12V) to high voltage (48V). The raised 48V voltage is rectified by a rectifier 10c and thereafter supplied to high-voltage electrical devices 22 by a voltage-booster control unit 20. Also, the title system is equipped with a high-voltage battery 15 to be charged to 48V by the booster 10. The alternator 2 is a small-size and low-cost one because it is an ordinary 12V apparatus.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement of a power supply device for a vehicle, and more particularly, to a power supply device for a vehicle provided with a plurality of electric components, so that power can be favorably supplied to an on-vehicle electric component having a large capacity. Regarding what you did.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a vehicle power supply device of this type, as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-190534, a plurality of electric loads are prioritized in advance according to their types. It is known that a preset value is set, and when a plurality of electric loads are requested to operate at the same time, they are operated according to the priority order.

By the way, in recent vehicles, there are cases where a large number of high-capacity electrical components as well as a 12-V voltage relatively low-capacity electrical component are installed, and it is necessary to increase the capacity of the power supply device accordingly. is there.

Therefore, conventionally, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-7615
As disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2 (1998), a pair of power supply devices, a battery and an alternator, are provided with a 6V voltage system and a 1V system, respectively, so that a high voltage is applied to the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment to supply power.
A 2V voltage system is provided separately, or as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-76153, a 12V voltage system battery and a 24V voltage system battery are provided, and power is generated for each voltage system. One large alternator with two possible generator coils inside is provided to increase the power supply capacity.

[0005]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional one, it is necessary to provide a total of two alternators in both voltage systems, or one large alternator capable of generating power for each system, so that the engine load is reduced accordingly. As it grows
It is difficult to secure a large arrangement space for the alternator in the engine room where a large number of devices are arranged, and there is a problem that it is necessary to extend the length in the front-rear direction or the width direction of the vehicle body.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a vehicle power supply device for supplying power to a low-voltage system on-vehicle electrical component and a high-capacity high-voltage system on-vehicle electrical component. The purpose is to increase the power supply capacity for in-vehicle electrical equipment having a large capacity without increasing the engine load and extending the length in the front-rear direction or the width direction of the vehicle body.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is provided with one predetermined alternator for one voltage system and a step-up or step-down transformer.

That is, the concrete means for solving the problems of the invention described in claim 1 is a vehicle power supply device for supplying power to an on-vehicle electrical component which is distinguished into a low voltage system and a high voltage system. A battery charged to a low voltage corresponding to the system and an alternator for generating a low voltage corresponding to the low voltage system are provided, and the generated pressure of the alternator is increased to a high voltage corresponding to the high voltage system. A configuration is provided in which a boosting unit is provided and the high voltage boosted by the boosting unit supplies power to the high-voltage on-vehicle electrical component.

Further, a concrete solution means of the invention according to claim 2 is to provide an alternator for generating a high voltage corresponding to a high voltage system, with the same object of the power supply device as the invention according to claim 1 is provided. A step-down means for stepping down the generated voltage of the alternator to a low voltage corresponding to the low voltage system,
A battery that is charged to a low voltage stepped down by the step-down means is provided, and the high voltage generated by the alternator is used to supply power to the on-vehicle electrical equipment of the high voltage system. It is configured to supply power to in-vehicle electrical components.

Further, in the invention described in claim 3, the invention described in claim 1 is limited, and the in-vehicle electrical equipment of the high-voltage system is integrally controlled, and the operation of the in-vehicle electrical equipment of the high-voltage system is controlled by the battery. The control means for controlling according to the operating state of the voltage or other high-voltage system or low-voltage system vehicle-mounted electrical equipment is separately provided.

In addition, in the invention described in claim 4, the invention described in claim 3 is further limited, and a collision detection means for detecting a collision of a vehicle is additionally provided, and a control means is provided for the collision detection. When the vehicle is detected by the means, the power supply to the high-voltage on-vehicle electrical equipment is stopped.

According to the invention of claim 5, claim 1
The invention described is limited, and a low-voltage battery that is charged to a low voltage corresponding to a low-voltage system and a high-voltage battery that is charged to a high voltage boosted by the booster are separately provided.

In addition, in the invention described in claim 6, the control means of the invention described in claim 5 is specified, and when the high voltage of the boosting means is not generated or when the capacity of the low voltage system battery is reduced,
It consists of a high-voltage battery that supplies power to the high-voltage on-vehicle electrical components.

[0014]

With the above construction, in the invention of claim 1,
A low-voltage battery or alternator supplies power to the low-voltage on-vehicle electrical equipment, and power is supplied to the high-voltage on-vehicle electrical equipment from the boosting means.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the low-voltage system on-vehicle electrical equipment is supplied with power from the low-voltage system battery, and the high-voltage system on-vehicle electrical equipment is supplied from the high-voltage system alternator. Power is supplied.

Since the alternator is for one system of the low voltage system or the high voltage system, it is small and lightweight, and therefore the engine load is reduced and even if the space for accommodating the alternator in the engine room is narrow. It can be arranged well, and it is not necessary to extend it in the front-back direction or the width direction of the vehicle.

Further, according to the third aspect of the present invention, the operation of the high-voltage on-vehicle electrical equipment can be stopped when the state of charge of the battery is low. Therefore, the alternator's power generation flow can be supplied to the battery, and the battery can be supplied. The state of charge of can be restored. Also, priority can be set between the operation of the low-voltage in-vehicle electrical equipment and the operation of the high-voltage in-vehicle electrical equipment, so it is possible to ensure the safety of vehicle operation while preventing an abnormal increase in the power supply amount due to simultaneous operation. It is possible to secure the operation of in-vehicle electrical equipment that should be performed.

Further, in the invention according to claim 4, when the vehicle collides, the operation of the on-vehicle electrical equipment of the high voltage system is forcibly stopped, so that the safety of the occupants and the like is ensured against the high voltage of the power feeding device. It

In addition, according to the fifth aspect of the invention, since it is possible to supply power to the high-voltage system on-vehicle electrical equipment by the high-voltage system battery, the capacity of the power supply device can be further increased.

Further, in the invention according to claim 6, when the high voltage is not generated due to the failure of the alternator or the boosting means, or when the capacity of the low voltage system battery is reduced, the high voltage system battery is switched to the high voltage system. Since the power is supplied to the in-vehicle electrical components of the system, the operation of the in-vehicle electrical components of the high-voltage system can be ensured even when the high-voltage system is abnormal, and the low-voltage system battery can be charged by the alternator's power generation flow. Battery capacity can be restored as normal.

[0021]

As described above, according to the vehicle power supply device of the first and second aspects of the invention, the low voltage system and the high voltage are provided by the alternator and the battery of the one voltage system, and the step-up or step-down means. Since it is possible to supply power to each in-vehicle electrical component with the system, it is possible to use a small and lightweight alternator,
It is possible to reduce the engine load and make the vehicle compact in the front-rear direction or the width direction.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the alternator's power generation current is supplied to the battery by forcibly stopping the operation of the high-voltage on-vehicle electrical equipment, so that the battery capacity shortage state can be recovered and It is possible to operate a plurality of in-vehicle electric components of the voltage system in an appropriate order such as an order required for safety of vehicle operation.

Furthermore, according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the operation of the high-voltage electrical components mounted on the vehicle can be forcibly stopped in the event of a vehicle collision, so that the safety of passengers and the like can be ensured.

In addition, according to the fifth aspect of the invention, since the high-voltage battery is provided, the capacity of the power supply device can be further increased.

Further, in the invention according to claim 6, even when the high voltage is not generated or the capacity of the low voltage system battery is reduced, the high voltage system battery is changed to the high voltage system on-vehicle electrical component. Since power can be supplied, it is possible to ensure the operation of the high voltage system on-board electrical equipment even when the high voltage system is abnormal, and to charge the low voltage system battery with the alternator's power generation flow.
This has the effect of recovering the capacity of the low-voltage battery.

[0026]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows the overall construction of a vehicle power supply device according to the first aspect of the invention. In the figure, reference numeral 1 is a low-voltage in-vehicle battery of 12V, and 2 is a low-voltage alternator for generating a low voltage of 12V to charge the in-vehicle battery 1. The alternator is driven and linked to an engine (not shown). ..

Reference numeral 3 designates the low-voltage system on-vehicle battery 1
And a low-voltage 12V in-vehicle electrical component that is fed to the alternator 2 via the power feeding harness 4, and the electrical component 3
Includes a small lamp of a vehicle, a room lamp, and various meters arranged around the driver's seat. Further, a headlamp 5 of a vehicle is connected to the power supply harness 4 as another low-voltage system vehicle-mounted electric component, and the headlamp 5 is a normally-open contact 7 that is closed by closing the headlamp switch 6.
It is controlled by a relay 7 having a.

Further, in the alternator 2 of the low voltage system, in the AC portion before the rectification, there is a boosting means 3
The phase transformer 10 is connected. The transformer 10 has 3
It has a primary winding 10a and a secondary winding 10b of a phase, boosts a low voltage 12V on the primary side to transform it into a high voltage of 48V, and generates a three-phase alternating current in the secondary winding 10b. It has a rectifier 10c composed of six diodes for rectifying The rectifier 10c of the transformer 10 is connected to a high-voltage system on-vehicle battery 15 that is charged by a high voltage of 48V via a power supply harness 13 provided with a fuse 12.

The high voltage of the power supply harness 13 is applied to the high voltage control unit 20 via the other power supply harnesses 16 to 19 after the fuse 12, and the control unit 15 further includes the above voltage. The high voltage of the high-voltage on-vehicle battery 15 is applied via the other power supply harness 21.

In the high voltage control unit 20,
A 48V high-voltage in-vehicle electrical component 22 is connected. The high-voltage on-vehicle electrical component 22 includes a high-capacity catalyst heater 23 for heating a catalyst device arranged in an exhaust passage of an engine,
It consists of a heated window 24 that heats and removes ice and snow accumulated on the windshield of a vehicle, and a rear heating wire 25 that removes fog on the rear windshield. These are supplied by the high voltage control unit 20. ..

Further, the high voltage control unit 20 has two contacts 28a provided in a predetermined two-phase harness between the primary winding 10a of the transformer 10 and the alternator 2. The relay 28 is connected, and the controller 29 for controlling the engine is also connected. The controller 29 controls the engine to increase the engine speed when the amount of power generated by the alternator 2 is small.

Further, the high voltage control unit 20
A controller 31, such as an air conditioner, for controlling the low-voltage in-vehicle electrical equipment 3 is connected to the high-voltage in-vehicle electrical equipment 22 and the low-voltage in-vehicle electrical equipment 3 by exchanging signals between them. The priority can be set for the operations between and.

In addition, 35 is an acceleration sensor for detecting the acceleration of the vehicle, and constitutes a collision detection means for detecting the collision of the vehicle by the acceleration sensor 35. 36
Is a current sensor for detecting the current of the low-voltage on-vehicle battery 1, 37 is a current sensor for detecting the current of the high-voltage system on-vehicle battery 15, and 38 is a current sensor for detecting the current flowing through the heated window 24. The current sensor 36 detects whether the charge state of the low-voltage battery 1 is good or bad.
The detection signals of the current sensors 36 to 38 are input to the high voltage control unit 20, and the high voltage control unit 20 controls the high voltage system on-vehicle electrical equipment 22 to control the high voltage. Of the low-voltage system 12V battery 1 or other high-voltage or low-voltage system vehicle-mounted electrical components 22, 3,
A control means for controlling according to the operating state of No. 5 is configured.

In the figure, 40 is a switch for controlling the catalyst heater 23, 41 is a switch for controlling the heated window 24, 42 is a switch for controlling the rear heating wire 25, and 43 is an indicator showing when power is supplied to the catalyst heater 23. Lamp, 4
Reference numeral 4 is an indicator lamp that indicates when power is being supplied to the heated window 24, and 45 is an indicator lamp that indicates when power is being supplied to the rear heating wire 25.

Next, the overall control of the high voltage system on-vehicle electrical equipment 22 by the high voltage control unit 20 will be described.

In the high-voltage electrical equipment 22 mounted on the vehicle, when a plurality of simultaneous operations are required, the catalytic heater 23 is prioritized, the heated window 24 is prioritized, and the rear heating wire 25 is finally activated. Operate. That is, the catalyst heater control switch 40 is turned on in steps S1 to S5 of FIG.
If there is an operation, power supply from the transformer 10 to the catalyst heater 23 is immediately started, and then the timer is set to a predetermined time (for example, 4
When the measurement of 0 seconds) is completed, the power supply is stopped. Then, even if the heated window 24 control switch 41 is turned on while the catalyst heater 23 is supplying power, as shown in steps S1 to S7 of FIG. 3, the power supply from the transformer 10 to the heated window 24 is awaited, Catalyst heater 23
When the control switch 41 is turned off, the power supply is ended at the time when the control switch 41 is turned off. Similarly, the catalyst heater 23 or the heated window 2
The switch 42 for controlling the rear heat wire 25 is turned on while power is being supplied to
Even if operated, as shown in steps S1 to S8 of FIG. 4, the power supply from the transformer 10 to the rear heating wire 25 is waited, the power supply to the catalyst heater 23 is completed, and the heating window 24 control switch 41 is turned off. The power supply is started after the operation, and the power supply is ended when the rear heat ray control switch 42 is turned off. In addition, the switch 41 for controlling the heated window 24 during power supply to the rear heating wire 25.
Is turned on, the power supply to the rear heating wire 25 is stopped,
When the power supply to the heated window 24 is completed, the power supply is restarted. The corresponding indicator lamps 44 and 45 blink while the power supply to the heated window 24 or the rear heating wire 25 is on standby.

The priority order between the high-voltage system vehicle-mounted electrical component 22 and the low-voltage system headlamp 5 or the vehicle-mounted air conditioner is as follows. That is, when the operation switch of the low-voltage system headlamp 5 or the vehicle-mounted air conditioner is turned on while power is being supplied to the high-voltage system catalyst heater 23, priority is not given to this simultaneous operation, and the steps of FIG. As shown in S6 to S9, the power supply to the catalyst heater 23 is switched from the power supply via the alternator 2 and the transformer 10 to the power supply from the high voltage battery 15. As a result, the generated electric current of the alternator 2 is supplied to the headlamp 5 or the vehicle-mounted air conditioner to ensure simultaneous operation. Although not shown, the headlamp 5 is set to Hi in order to limit the amount of power supply during the above simultaneous operation to a necessary minimum.
If it is in a beam state, it is switched to a low beam, turned off when the vehicle is stopped, or the air volume level of the vehicle-mounted air conditioner is switched to a low level. On the other hand, when the operation switch of the headlamp 5 or the vehicle-mounted air conditioner is turned on while power is being supplied to the heated window 24 or the rear heating wire 25, the latter low voltage system is prioritized and the heated window 24 or the rear heating wire 25 is given priority. To stop the power supply to.

Further, the switching of the power supply to the high voltage system on-vehicle electrical equipment 22 depending on the voltage state of the low voltage system 12V battery 1 is as follows. That is, while the transformer 10 or the high voltage battery 15 is supplying power to the catalyst heater 23, or while the transformer 10 is supplying power to the heated window 24, the voltage of the 12V battery 1 is less than or equal to the set value based on the output signal of the current sensor 36. When a low capacity condition is detected,
The power supply to the catalyst heater 23 or the heated window 24 is switched from the transformer 10 to the high voltage battery 15 (see steps S6 to S12 in FIG. 3). On the other hand, step S in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 13, contact 2 of relay 28 in transformer 10
In the situation where the high voltage battery 15 is supplying power to the heated window 24 in the open state of 8a, the power supply to the heated window 24 is stopped. Further, when the voltage of the 12V battery 1 drops below the set value during power supply to the rear heating wire 25, the power supply to the rear heating wire 25 is stopped and the voltage of the 12V battery 1 is reduced as shown in steps S9 to S12 in FIG. Will continue until is above the set value. As a result, the power generation flow of the alternator 2 can be supplied to the 12V battery 1 for charging, and the voltage can be returned to the set value or higher.

Further, the high voltage control unit 20
Is the alternator 2 based on the output signal of the current sensor 37.
Alternatively, it is configured to detect a time when a high voltage of 48 V, which has failed, of the transformer 10 is not generated, and to supply power to the high-voltage system on-vehicle electrical component 22 by using the high-voltage system on-vehicle battery 15 as a power source at the time of detection. There is.

Further, the high voltage control unit 20
Is configured to stop power supply to the in-vehicle electrical component 22 of the high voltage system of 48V when a vehicle collision is detected based on the output of the acceleration sensor 35.

Therefore, in the above embodiment, 48
Regarding the power supply to the on-vehicle electrical equipment 22 of the high voltage system of V, the AC voltage of 12 V generated by the alternator 2 of the low voltage system of 12 V is boosted to the high voltage of 48 V by the transformer 10, and this high voltage is set to 48 V. In-vehicle electrical components for high voltage 22
Since the power was supplied to the
It can be constituted by an ordinary V low voltage system. Therefore, the power supply device can be configured at a lower cost, as compared with the case where two systems of the alternator are provided for the low voltage system and the high voltage system, or the case where the system is provided with one alternator having two generator coils for each voltage system. It is possible to reduce the engine load to improve the fuel consumption, and it is possible to supply power to the high-voltage on-vehicle electrical component 22 without extending the length of the vehicle body in the front-rear direction or the width direction by using a small alternator.

In addition, since the high-voltage 48V battery 15 is provided, even when the alternator 2 or the transformer 10 is out of order, it is possible to supply power to the high-voltage on-vehicle electrical equipment 22 and to supply the low-voltage system. When the capacity of the 12V battery 1 decreases, the 48V battery 15 supplies power to the high-voltage catalytic heater 23, thereby supplying most of the power generation current of the alternator 2 to the 12V battery 1 with the decreased capacity, and charging the same. You can recover from lack of capacity.

Further, when the capacity of the 12V battery 1 is insufficient below the set voltage, the power supply to the heated window 24 and the rear heating wire 25 is forcibly stopped even if the high-voltage battery 15 is not provided. Can be charged by supplying power to the 12V battery 1, and the capacity shortage can be recovered. Further, among the high voltage system on-vehicle electrical components 22, the operation of the catalyst heater 23 is given the highest priority, the heated window 24 is prioritized, and the rear heating wire 25 is operated lastly. It is possible to prevent an abnormal increase in the power supply current due to the simultaneous operation of 23 to 25, and at the same time when the low-voltage system headlamp 15 and the high-voltage system catalyst heater 23 are simultaneously operated, the high-voltage system 48V battery 15 to the catalyst heater 23 are operated. Power to the alternator 2
Since it is possible to supply the generated electric current to the headlamp 15, it is possible to quickly raise the temperature of the catalyst heater 2 while ensuring a high illuminance of the headlamp 15. Further, when the headlamp switch 6 is operated to the lighting side while the high voltage heated window 24 or the rear heating wire 25 is being supplied,
Since the power supply to the high voltage devices 24 and 25 is forcibly stopped, the illuminance of the headlamp 15 is preferentially ensured to be high, and the safety of vehicle traveling can be ensured.

In addition, in the event of a vehicle collision, the high-voltage control unit 20 drives the high-voltage system on-vehicle electrical components 23-2.
Since the power supply to 5 is stopped, passengers and the like can be safely protected against a high voltage of 48V.

FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the invention described in claim 2. In the figure, the in-vehicle battery 1'is a low voltage system of 12V, and the alternator 2'is a high voltage system that generates a high voltage of 48V. Further, the generated voltage of the high-voltage alternator 2'is stepped down to a low voltage of 12V by a step-down circuit 40 as a step-down means composed of a transformer, and the 12V battery 1'is charged by the stepped-down 12V. It is a configuration. Then, the 12V battery 1 ′ is used to supply power to the low-voltage system on-vehicle electrical equipment, and the high-voltage system alternator 2 is supplied.
It is configured such that power is supplied to the high-voltage in-vehicle electrical components from ′. The other configuration is similar to that of FIG. 1, and therefore its description is omitted.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, since it is sufficient to provide only one high voltage system as the alternator 2 ', the power feeding device can be constructed at a low price and the engine load can be reduced to improve the fuel consumption. In addition, it is possible to supply power to the high-voltage on-vehicle electrical equipment without extending the front-rear direction or the width direction length of the vehicle body.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an electric circuit diagram showing an overall configuration.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a power supply control of a catalyst heater.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a power supply control of a heated window.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a power supply control of a rear heating wire.

FIG. 5 is a main part electric circuit diagram showing an embodiment of the invention according to claim 2;

[Explanation of symbols]

1,1 'Low-voltage in-vehicle battery 2 Low-voltage alternator 2'High-voltage alternator 3 12V in-vehicle electrical equipment (low-voltage in-vehicle electrical equipment) 5 Headlamp (low-voltage in-vehicle electrical equipment) ) 10 transformer (step-up means) 15 high-voltage system vehicle battery 20 high-voltage control unit (control means) 22 low-voltage system vehicle electrical equipment 23 catalytic heater (high-voltage system vehicle equipment) 24 heated window (high) In-vehicle electrical equipment for voltage system 25 Rear heat wire (in-vehicle electrical equipment for high voltage system) 35 Acceleration sensor (collision detection means) 40 Step-down circuit

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor ▲ Kuwa ▼ Masahiko No. 3-1, Shinchi, Fuchu-cho, Aki-gun, Hiroshima Prefecture Mazda Motor Corporation

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A vehicle power supply device for supplying power to an on-vehicle electrical component, which is classified into a low-voltage system and a high-voltage system, wherein the battery is charged to a low voltage corresponding to the low-voltage system, and With an alternator for generating a low voltage corresponding to the low voltage system, and with a boosting means for boosting the generated voltage of the alternator to a high voltage corresponding to the high voltage system,
A power supply device for a vehicle, which supplies power to the on-vehicle electrical equipment of the high voltage system with a high voltage boosted by the boosting means. 2. A power supply device for a vehicle, which supplies electric power to an on-vehicle electrical component which is classified into a low-voltage system and a high-voltage system, comprising an alternator for generating a high voltage corresponding to the high-voltage system, The alternator is provided with a step-down means for stepping down the generated voltage to a low voltage corresponding to the low-voltage system, and a battery charged to the low voltage stepped down by the step-down means, and the high voltage generated by the alternator is used. A power supply device for a vehicle, which supplies power to the high-voltage on-vehicle electrical equipment and supplies power to the low-voltage on-vehicle electrical equipment at a low voltage of the battery. 3. An integrated control of the high-voltage on-vehicle electrical equipment to control the operation of the high-voltage on-vehicle electrical equipment by operating the operating state of the battery voltage or other high-voltage or low-voltage on-vehicle electrical equipment. The power supply device for a vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising a control unit that controls in accordance with the above. 4. A collision detection means for detecting a collision of a vehicle, wherein the control means stops power supply to a high-voltage on-vehicle electrical component at the time of the collision of the vehicle detected by the collision detection means. The power supply device for a vehicle according to claim 3, wherein 5. A low-voltage battery that is charged to a low voltage corresponding to a low-voltage system, and a high-voltage battery that is charged to a high voltage boosted by boosting means are provided. Vehicle power supply device. 6. The control means supplies power from the high-voltage battery to the high-voltage on-vehicle electrical component when the high voltage of the booster is not generated or when the capacity of the low-voltage battery is reduced. Item 5. The vehicle power supply device according to item 5.