JPH05203118A - Combustion equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a combustion equipment which does not require a blower having a large capacity, restrains the generation of tar, prevents the reliquefaction of gaseous fuel, can stably burn with the catalyst at a temperature lower than that for the burning catalyst to be durable, causes low pollution and low noise, can be compactly constituted. CONSTITUTION:A combustion equipment has a blowing means 51, a heating means 61 for heating air from the blowing means 51, a heating vaporization means 52 for liquid fuel, a spray supply means 53 for fuel vaporized by the heating vaporization means 52. While mixing vaporized fuel sprayed from the spray supply means 53 with high temperature air obtained in the heating means 61, the burning catalyst is supplied to a porous burning plate 54 carrying the burning catalyst to burn it.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a combustion apparatus which uses a liquid fuel such as kerosene and uses a combustion catalyst for catalytic combustion.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the structure of a conventional combustion apparatus. This conventional device has a fuel heating vaporizer 52 by electric heat and a fuel spray nozzle 53, and has a structure for mixing room temperature air by a blower 51 and high-temperature fuel vapor from the fuel spray nozzle 53, and burning. A porous combustion plate 54 such as a ceramic carrying a catalyst has a catalyst layer heater 55 for preheating the combustion catalyst, and a water pipe 58 having fins 59 attached to the upper portion thereof to heat circulating water. It is possible. The liquid fuel is heated and vaporized by the fuel heating vaporizer 52,
It becomes steam and is ejected from the nozzle 53, supplied to the porous combustion plate 54 while being mixed with room temperature air from the blower 51, and undergoes catalytic combustion. The high temperature gas generated by the combustion exchanges heat with the water in the water pipe 53 via the fins 59.

[0003]

However, in the above conventional device, In order to keep the temperature of the catalyst layer of the porous combustion plate 54 below its endurance temperature, it is necessary to increase the air permeability of the air blower 51 to at least four times the theoretical air amount to increase the permeability of the air-fuel mixture. You need a blower. ． In order to prevent re-liquefaction even when mixed with a large amount of air, it is necessary to raise the temperature by the fuel heating vaporizer 52 and raise the temperature of the steam ejected from the nozzle 53. There is a drawback that 53 is blocked. ． Since a large amount of low-temperature air and vaporized fuel are mixed, there is a drawback that vaporized fuel reliquefaction phenomenon is inevitable, and the liquid fuel reliquefied to the porous combustion plate 54 is again decomposed by heating, and it becomes There is a drawback that tar adheres and the activity of the catalyst disappears. ． Means for raising the temperature of the catalyst layer of the porous plate 54 to a temperature at which the catalyst can be activated at the start of operation, that is, a catalyst layer heater
55 was required in addition to the fuel heating vaporizer 52. Further, the conventional catalyst layer heater 55 cannot uniformly preheat the catalyst layer.

Therefore, the present invention solves the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, does not require a blower with a large capacity, suppresses the generation of tar, prevents the reliquefaction of vaporized fuel, and is stable below the endurance temperature of the combustion catalyst. It is an object of the present invention to provide a combustion device that can be catalytically burned, has low pollution and noise, and can be configured compactly.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the combustion apparatus of the present invention comprises a blowing means, a heating means for heating the air from the blowing means, a heating vaporization means for liquid fuel, and the heating means. A spray supply means for the fuel vaporized by the vaporization means, while mixing the vaporized fuel sprayed by the spray supply means with the high-temperature air obtained by the heating means, to a porous combustion plate carrying a combustion catalyst. The first feature is to supply and burn. Further, in addition to the first feature, the combustion apparatus of the present invention further includes a blowing unit, a heating unit that heats air from the blowing unit, a liquid fuel spray supply unit, and a heating unit that blows air from the blowing unit. Porous combustion that has a vaporization chamber that directly vaporizes by direct contact between the high-temperature air that is sent in and the spray fuel that is blown from the spray supply means, and the air-fuel mixture that is sent from the vaporization chamber carries a combustion catalyst. The second feature is to burn with a plate.

[0006]

According to the first feature, the air from the blowing means is heated and supplied as high temperature air. The liquid fuel is heated and vaporized by the fuel heating vaporizer 52 and supplied.
Then, the fuel vapor and the high temperature air are mixed and supplied to the porous combustion plate supporting the combustion catalyst to be catalytically combusted. Since the atomized vapor fuel is mixed with high temperature air, the fuel heating temperature by the conventional fuel heating vaporizer 52 can be made lower than in the case of being mixed with room temperature air, so that the generation of tar is prevented and the fuel spray nozzle is clogged. Is prevented. Further, since the steam fuel is mixed with the high temperature air, reliquefaction of the steam fuel is suppressed and tar is prevented from adhering to the porous combustion plate. Further, since the combustion catalyst of the porous combustion plate is preheated by the high temperature air, the conventional catalyst bed heater 55 is unnecessary, and uniform heating can be performed, so that the catalytic combustion can be stably performed. Further, it is easy to adjust the combustion catalyst of the porous combustion plate to a temperature not higher than the durability temperature, and the preheating time can be shortened significantly. Further, according to the second feature, the air from the blowing means is heated,
High-temperature air is sent to the vaporization chamber, and liquid fuel is spray-supplied from the spray supply means to the vaporization chamber, and the sprayed liquid fuel directly contacts the high-temperature air in the vaporization chamber and is mixed and vaporized. Then, the air-fuel mixture that has been sufficiently mixed in the vaporization chamber is supplied to the porous combustion plate carrying the combustion catalyst to be catalytically combusted. Since the air-fuel mixture sufficiently mixed and vaporized in the vaporization chamber is used for combustion, the combustion is further stabilized. Since the atomized fuel can be directly and sufficiently contacted with the hot air in the vaporization chamber to be vaporized and vaporized, the conventional fuel heating vaporizer 52 can be omitted. Therefore, the fuel spray nozzle is not clogged with tar. Further, since the fuel is efficiently vaporized by direct contact, the temperature itself of the high temperature air can be set sufficiently lower than the temperature at which tar is generated, and the power required by the air heating means and the like can be kept low. Further, since the combustion catalyst of the porous combustion plate is preheated by the high temperature air, the conventional catalyst layer heater 55 is unnecessary, and uniform heating is possible.
Catalytic combustion can be performed stably. Further, it is easy to adjust the combustion catalyst of the porous combustion plate to a temperature not higher than the durability temperature, and the preheating time can be shortened significantly.

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the whole combustion apparatus showing a first embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention.

A fuel heating vaporizer 52 by electric heat is provided as a heating vaporization means for liquid fuel, a fuel spray nozzle 53 is provided as a fuel spray supply means, and a point for sending air by a blower 51 as a blower means and a combustion catalyst. As in the prior art, a porous combustion plate 54 made of ceramics and the like and a water pipe 58 having fins 59 attached above it were provided so that the circulating water could be heated. In this device, an air heater 61 is provided as air heating means downstream of the blower 51,
The air from the blower 51 is heated to a high temperature.
The catalyst bed heater conventionally used for preheating the combustion catalyst of the porous combustion plate 54 is not provided. The air supplied by the blower 51 is heated to a high temperature by the air heater 61 by electric heat, and heats the catalyst-supporting porous combustion plate 54 to a temperature at which the combustion catalyst is active. Porous combustion plate with hot air
Since the whole 54 is heated uniformly, the preheating time can be greatly shortened compared with the conventional one, and the combustion becomes stable. Furthermore, the combustion of the combustion catalyst layer is easily adjusted and burned to a temperature not higher than the endurance temperature. Further, since the spray vapor from the spray nozzle 53 is mixed with high temperature air instead of room temperature air, the spray vapor does not reliquefy even if the temperature by the fuel heating vaporizer 52 is sufficiently lower than the temperature at which tar is generated. . Therefore, the nozzle 53 is not clogged. Further, even if the vaporization of the fuel vapor ejected from the atomizing nozzle is insufficient, the vaporization is further promoted by the high temperature air, so that the fuel is not supplied as droplets to the catalyst layer. In addition, combustion is a porous combustion plate
Since it is completed with the combustion catalyst layer 54, the distance L to the water pipe 58 with the fin 59 is hardly necessary, and the combustion space is almost unnecessary.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the entire combustion apparatus showing a second embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the vaporization chamber as seen from the side.

An air passage 62 from an air blower 51, which is an air blower.
An air heater 61 is provided as a means for heating the air, and the high temperature air inlet 63 of the air passage 62 is tangentially connected to the side wall of the horizontally arranged cylindrical vaporization container 65. .. And again, the fuel spray nozzle 53 which is a fuel spray supply means.
Is exposed to the inside of the vaporization chamber 66 from the end wall on the central axis of the vaporization container 65, which is far from the side where the feed port 63 is located. A delivery port 67 from the vaporization container 65 is also provided in a tangential direction from the container side wall. The air heater 61 may be an electric heater. A liquid fuel heating vaporizer is not provided in front of the fuel spray nozzle 53. Porous combustion plate 54, water pipe 58,
The structure of the fin 59 is the same as that of the first embodiment.

The air supplied by the blower 51 is heated to a high temperature by the air heater 61, and the cylindrical vaporization container
It is supplied to the porous combustion plate 54 supporting the catalyst through 65,
The combustion catalyst layer is preheated to a temperature at which the catalytic reaction is possible. Since the high temperature air uniformly heats the entire porous combustion plate 54, the preheating time can be greatly shortened as compared with the conventional case. By supplying the liquid fuel into the vaporization chamber 66 from the liquid fuel spray nozzle 53 in a finely divided state, the finely divided liquid fuel is directly contact-heated by the high temperature air and vaporized. Since vaporization is performed by direct contact, vaporization can be performed even if the temperature of the high temperature air is set to be relatively low, and thus tar can be eliminated. In addition, the electric power required for the air heater 61 can be kept low. Of course, since vaporization is sufficiently carried out in the vaporization chamber 66, a heating vaporizer for liquid fuel is unnecessary, and the nozzle 53 is not clogged with tar. In the vaporization chamber 66, the vaporized fuel is sufficiently mixed with high temperature air to form a mixture, which is sent to the porous combustion plate 54 and burned on the supported combustion catalyst layer. Since the combustion is performed by the air-fuel mixture that is sufficiently mixed in the vaporization chamber 66, the combustion is more stable than in the case of the first embodiment. Of course, combustion is catalytic combustion, so
NO ₂ etc. do not occur.

[0012]

According to the combustion apparatus of the present invention, the atomized vapor fuel is mixed with the hot air, so that the fuel is mixed with the normal temperature air. Since the fuel heating temperature by the heating vaporizer can be lowered, the generation of tar can be prevented and the fuel spray nozzle can be prevented from being clogged. Further, since the steam fuel is mixed with the high temperature air, reliquefaction of the steam fuel can be suppressed and tar can be prevented from adhering to the porous combustion plate. Further, since the combustion catalyst of the porous combustion plate is preheated by the high temperature air, the catalyst bed heater is not required, and uniform heating can be performed, so that the catalyst combustion can be stably performed. Further, it is easy to adjust the combustion catalyst of the porous combustion plate to a temperature not higher than the durability temperature, and the preheating time can be shortened significantly.
Further, according to the combustion device of the second aspect, since the air-fuel mixture that has been sufficiently mixed and vaporized in the vaporization chamber is used for combustion, the combustion can be further stabilized. Since the sprayed fuel can be vaporized and vaporized directly and sufficiently in contact with the hot air in the vaporization chamber, the conventional fuel heating vaporizer can be omitted. Therefore, it is possible to solve the problem that the fuel spray nozzle is clogged with tar. Further, since the fuel is efficiently vaporized by direct contact, the temperature itself of the high temperature air can be set sufficiently lower than the temperature at which tar is generated, and the power required by the air heating means and the like can be kept low. Further, since the combustion catalyst of the porous combustion plate is preheated by the high temperature air, the catalyst bed heater is not required, and uniform heating can be performed, so that the catalyst combustion can be stably performed. Further, it is easy to adjust the combustion catalyst of the porous combustion plate to a temperature not higher than the durability temperature, and the preheating time can be shortened significantly.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall sectional configuration diagram of a combustion device showing a first embodiment of the device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an overall cross-sectional configuration diagram of a combustion device showing a second embodiment of the device of the present invention.

3 is a cross-sectional view of the vaporization chamber of FIG. 2 seen from the side.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional configuration diagram of a conventional combustion device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 51 Blower 52 Fuel heating vaporizer 53 Fuel spray nozzle 54 Porous combustion plate 61 Air heater 65 Vaporization vessel 66 Vaporization chamber

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A spraying means, a heating means for heating air from the blowing means, a heating vaporizing means for a liquid fuel, and a spray supply means for spraying the fuel vaporized by the heating vaporizing means. A combustion apparatus, wherein the vaporized fuel sprayed by the supply means is mixed with the high-temperature air obtained by the heating means and is supplied to a porous combustion plate carrying a combustion catalyst for combustion. 2. Blower means, heating means for heating air from the blower means, spray supply means for liquid fuel, high temperature air sent from the blower means through the heating means, and blown from the spray supply means. And a vaporization chamber that directly vaporizes the atomized fuel to vaporize the mixture, and burns the air-fuel mixture sent from the vaporization chamber with a porous combustion plate carrying a combustion catalyst.