JPH0719418A - Catalytic combustion hot water supplying apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a catalytic combustion hot water supplying apparatus in which rising characteristics at an initial starting operation are improved, a running cost is reduced and a problem due to reliquefaction of vaporized fuel can be prevented. CONSTITUTION:A catalytic combustion hot water supplying apparatus has a boiler 10 having a heat exchanger 11 in which a water tube 11b is passed through a plurality of burning catalyst carrying metal fin plates 11a and a straightening chamber 12 provided therein under the exchanger 11, a vaporizer 50 out of the boiler 10 to vaporize liquid fuel and to supply vaporized fuel to the chamber 12, and a blower 30 for supplying the air to the vaporizer 50, and comprises an atomizing burner 40 opposed to the chamber 12 of the boiler 12.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention directly vaporizes liquid fuel such as kerosene by heated air at a relatively low temperature,
The present invention relates to a catalytic combustion hot water supply device that burns the mixture using a combustion catalyst.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a water heater using catalytic combustion disclosed by the applicant of the present invention in a previous patent application (Japanese Patent Application No. 4-112160). This conventional device includes a blower unit 1,
The heating means 2 for heating the air from the blower means 1, the liquid spray supply device 3a is installed, and the atomized fuel sprayed from the liquid spray supply device 3a and the hot air sent through the heating means 2 are directly supplied. And a fuel vaporizing means 3 which is vaporized by being brought into contact with each other outside the can body 4. Further, the can body 4 has a heat exchanger 5 comprising a plurality of metal fin plates 5a carrying a combustion catalyst on the surface or inside thereof and a water pipe 5b penetrating through the fin plate 5a at a central or lower position. And a rectifying chamber 6 provided below the heat exchanger 5. In this conventional device, when performing combustion operation,
First, the air from the blower means 1 is heated by the heating means 2 and introduced into the can body 4, thereby heating the fin plate 5a carrying the combustion catalyst, and the plate 5a reaches a predetermined temperature. After that, the liquid spray supplier 3a is operated to start supplying the liquid fuel to the fuel vaporizing means 3, and the fuel vaporizing means 3 is supplied.
The vaporized fuel is supplied into the can body 4, and catalytic combustion is performed at the fin plate 5a carrying the combustion catalyst.

[0003]

However, the above conventional catalytic combustion hot water supply apparatus has the following problems. ． Heating means 2 for heating the air from the blowing means 1
However, for example, in the case of an electric heating means, it is not possible to heat a large amount of air to a high temperature due to the electric power situation, so that the combustion catalyst supporting fin plate 5a has a predetermined temperature,
For example, it takes a considerable time to raise the temperature to about 400 ° C. For this reason, there is a drawback that it takes a long time to start the catalytic combustion and the hot water supply does not start up well in the initial stage of operation. ． It is necessary to constantly use electric heat for fuel vaporization,
There is a drawback that the running cost becomes high. ． At the beginning of operation, the fin plate supporting the combustion catalyst
Only high-temperature air is supplied into the can body 4 in order to raise the temperature of the rectifying chamber 6 and the like, but it is sent through the vaporizing means 3 and the liquid is still supplied from the liquid spray supplier 3a. Since the fuel is not sprayed, the temperature inside the vaporization means 3 becomes too high, and the liquid fuel in the liquid spray feeder 3a is tarned to cause clogging. Therefore, the fuel spray by the liquid spray feeder 3a is also sprayed. There is a risk of self-ignition and explosion at the moment of starting. ． During steady operation, the vaporized fuel vapor is supplied to the rectifying chamber 6, but the temperature of the rectifying chamber 6 tends to be low only by the radiant heat from the combustion catalyst supporting fin plate 5a side. Reliquefaction occurs, which causes a deviation of the air-fuel ratio and an odor at the initial stage. ． The heat exchanger 5 includes a plurality of metal fin plates 5a and water tubes.
Although it is a structure that penetrates 5b, in the case of the conventional device, the water pipe 5b
Since it is passed near the center of the fin plate 5a or below the fin plate 5a, the temperature rise of the fin plate 5a is hindered, and there is a drawback that the rise of catalytic combustion is hindered.

Therefore, the present invention provides a catalytic combustion hot water supply apparatus which solves the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, improves the start-up characteristics in the initial stage of operation, reduces the running cost, and prevents problems due to reliquefaction of vaporized fuel. To aim.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the catalytic combustion hot water supply apparatus of the present invention is a heat exchanger formed by penetrating a water pipe through a plurality of metal fin plates carrying combustion catalyst, and a heat exchanger below the heat exchanger. A can body having a rectifying chamber inside,
A catalytic combustion hot water supply apparatus having at least a vaporizer outside the can body for vaporizing a liquid fuel and supplying the vaporized fuel to the rectifying chamber, and a blower for supplying air to the vaporizer. The first feature is that the spray combustor is provided so as to face the straightening chamber of the can body. In addition to the first feature, the catalytic combustion hot water supply device of the present invention is provided with a surrounding wall that surrounds the periphery of the can body, and takes in the air passing through the gap between the surrounding wall and the can body into the blower. A second feature is that the air passage from the air blower is connected to the vaporizer and the spray combustor. Further, in addition to the above-mentioned second characteristic, the catalytic combustion hot water supply apparatus of the present invention is characterized in that an adjusting means for adjusting the amount of air blown from the blower to the vaporizer and the spray combustor is provided in the middle of the blow passage. It is a feature of. In addition to the features of any one of the above first to third features, the catalytic combustion hot water supply apparatus of the present invention has a fourth aspect that a ceramic coating carrying a combustion catalyst is formed on at least the inner wall surface of the can body inside the flow control chamber. It has a feature. In addition to the features of any one of the above first to fourth features, the catalytic combustion hot water supply device of the present invention is characterized in that the water pipe of the heat exchanger is displaced and arranged above the center of the metal fin plate. It is a feature of.

[0006]

According to the first feature of the present invention, the spray combustor is provided so as to face the straightening chamber of the can body, so that the spray combustor can be freely used at a necessary time such as the initial stage of operation. It becomes possible to perform combustion in the rectification chamber, and this makes it possible to heat the metal fin plate supporting the combustion catalyst and the rectification chamber to a high temperature in a short time, and to prepare for catalytic combustion. Can be completed in a short time. Further, by the combustion by the spray combustor at the initial stage of operation, hot water can be effectively supplied from the very initial stage of operation start, and the rising characteristics at the initial stage of operation of the hot water supply device can be improved. Further, according to the second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the operation of the first aspect, by providing a surrounding wall that surrounds the periphery of the can body, the surrounding wall reduces heat radiation from the can body wall. It plays the role of a heat insulating wall, which makes it possible to quickly raise the temperature of the can body, especially the temperature of the metal fin plate supporting the combustion catalyst and the rectifying chamber at the beginning of operation, etc. It is possible to quickly shift to catalytic combustion.
In addition, by taking in the air that has passed through the gap between the surrounding wall and the can body into the blower and supplying this to the vaporizer and spray combustor,
The waste heat radiation from the can body can be used to re-use the air supplied to the vaporizer and the spray combustor, and the running cost can be reduced. Further, it becomes possible to preheat the vaporizer prior to the vaporization of the liquid fuel by the vaporizer, and the vaporization and vaporization of the liquid fuel can be carried out quickly and completely from the beginning of vaporization. Of course, the preheating of the vaporizer by the air that has passed through the gap between the surrounding wall and the can body does not cause the vaporizer to become too hot, so the liquid fuel in the liquid spray supply unit that sprays the liquid fuel into the vaporizer There is no risk of tar becoming clogged and causing self-ignition explosion at the moment the fuel spray is started by the liquid spray feeder. Further, by connecting the air passage from the air blower to the vaporizer and the spray combustor, only one air blower can be used. Further, according to the third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the operation of the second aspect, the amount of air blown to each of the vaporizer and the spray combustor and the ratio thereof are adjusted by the adjusting means provided in the air passage. It becomes possible to adjust the etc. with a single blower and according to the time. Further, according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the action of any one of the first to third aspects, a ceramic coating carrying a combustion catalyst is formed on at least the inner wall surface of the can body on the inner wall surface of the rectifying chamber. By doing so, it is possible to prevent the temperature inside the rectification chamber from lowering due to the combustion by the combustion catalyst on the wall surface of the rectification chamber, thereby preventing the re-liquefaction of the vaporized fuel in the rectification chamber and stabilizing it. It becomes possible to secure combustion. Further, by heating at least the can body wall of the rectifying chamber portion, the temperature of the air that passes through the gap between the surrounding wall and the can body and is taken into the blower, and thus the air supplied from the blower to the carburetor, etc. It is also possible to keep the temperature at a high temperature suitable for vaporization above a certain level,
Therefore, the self-heating vaporization of the liquid fuel in the vaporizer or the like, that is, the vaporization of the liquid fuel can be enabled without adding a special heating means. According to the fifth feature of the present invention, in addition to the action of any one of the first to fourth features, the water pipe of the heat exchanger is displaced to a position above the center of the metal fin plate. By arranging it, at least the lower half of the metal fin plate is less likely to be affected by the water pipes, so that it can be kept at a high temperature correspondingly, and the transition to catalytic combustion can be accelerated and the catalytic combustion can be accelerated. The combustion characteristics at the beginning of the start are also improved.

[0007]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below based on examples.
1 is an overall configuration diagram of a catalytic combustion hot water supply apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

Reference numeral 10 designates a can body, inside of which a plurality of metal fin plates 11a having a ceramic surface sprayed thereon and carrying a combustion catalyst thereon, and a water pipe 11 penetrating the fin plates 11a are formed.
b and a rectifying chamber 12 below the heat exchanger 11. In addition, an exhaust port on the ceiling of the can body 10
13 is provided, and a temperature sensor 14 is provided on the outer wall surface slightly below the central portion of the can body 10. Ceramics are sprayed on the inner wall surface of the can body 10, and a combustion catalyst is supported on the ceramic coating. The ceramic coating supporting the combustion catalyst may be provided only on the inner wall surface of the rectifying chamber 12. The water pipe 11b is arranged in a position displaced above the vicinity of the center of the fin plate 11a. As a result, at least the lower half of the fin plate 11a has a water pipe 11b.
The temperature can be sufficiently high without being significantly affected by.

The can body 10 is provided with a surrounding wall 20 which surrounds the side peripheral surface and the bottom surface of the can body 10 with an appropriate gap S therebetween. By providing the surrounding wall 20, heat radiation from the outer wall surface of the can body 10 is appropriately suppressed, and the can body 10 is quickly heated when the can body 10 is heated. And this surrounding wall 20
In the middle of, the air intake passage 31 to the blower 30 is connected to a position corresponding to slightly below the center of the can body 10. As a result, the air entering the gap S between the surrounding wall 20 and the can body 10 through the upper end opening 21 of the surrounding wall 20 is appropriately heated by the wall surface of the can body 10 while the air intake passage is being heated.
It is taken into blower 30 from 31.

A spray combustor 40 is provided so as to face the straightening chamber 12 from the side wall of the can body 10. The spray combustor 40 is, for example, a pressure spray combustor, and the nozzle unit 4 for spraying liquid fuel under pressure is used.
1, an ignition rod 42, a combustion cylinder 43, a flame stabilizer 44, and a fuel supply pump are additionally provided. The spray combustor 40 is burned mainly in the initial stage of operation of the hot water supply apparatus, which rapidly heats the can 10 to a temperature required for transition to catalytic combustion and enables hot water supply itself in the initial stage of operation.

A vaporizer 50 is provided outside the can body 10 in addition to the blower 30. The vaporizer 50 consists of a cylindrical container whose both end surfaces are closed, and is attached to a liquid spray feeder.
A liquid fuel is sprayed and supplied into the cylinder at an appropriate spread angle from the one end face in the cylinder. The liquid fuel supplied by spraying is directly evaporated and vaporized by introducing high temperature air into the vaporizer 50, and is supplied from the bottom portion of the can body 10 into the flow straightening chamber 12 through the vaporized fuel supply passage 52. . The hot air to be introduced into the vaporizer 50 is introduced tangentially from the blower 30 through the vaporizer air passage 32 into the cylindrical container of the vaporizer 50 through the hot air inlet 53. Further, the fuel vaporized and vaporized is led out to the vaporized fuel supply passage 52 tangentially from the vaporized fuel outlet 54. 55 is a current plate. It is also possible to provide a heating means for heating air in the middle of the vaporizer ventilation passage 32 to quickly vaporize the liquid fuel in the vaporizer at the beginning of the operation.

The air passage from the air blower 30 is divided into the vaporizer air passage 32 and the spray combustor air passage 33 on the way. That is, one blower 30 is used for the spray combustor 40.
It is possible to blow air to both the carburetor 50 and the vaporizer 50. At the same time, it blows the heated air through the surrounding wall 20.
It is possible to supply to the spray combustor 40 and the vaporizer 50 via 30. An air blow controller 60 is provided at a branch position between the vaporizer air blow passage 32 and the spray combustor air blow passage 33 as a means for adjusting the air flow rate and air blow ratio to each. This blower controller 60 is controlled by a controller (not shown) according to the time and situation of operation, so that one blower
In addition, it becomes possible to perform the appropriate air volume adjustment for each operation period and situation at 30.

Further, the device of the present invention will be described while explaining its operation and action. First, when an operation switch (not shown) is turned on, the blower 30 is driven, and the blowing is started. In the initial stage of this air blowing, the air blowing controller 60 is controlled so that the amount of air supplied to the spray combustor 40 becomes 2/3 or more of the whole. At this time, the amount of air sent to the vaporizer 50 is controlled to 1/3 or less of the whole. Next, the ignition transformer of the spray combustor 40 is driven to generate sparks at the tip of the ignition rod 42, and the fuel supply pump is driven to spray the liquid fuel into the flow straightening chamber 12 from the nozzle portion 41.
This ignites the atomized fuel and starts combustion. When combustion starts, the temperature of the flow regulating chamber 12, the metal fin plate 11a for supporting the combustion catalyst, and the inner wall surface of the can body 10 rises in several tens of seconds in this state. Fin plate here 11
Since the water pipe 11b is arranged so as to be displaced higher than the vicinity of the center with respect to a, the temperature of the lower half portion of the fin plate 11a is quickly raised. Since the temperature of the inner wall surface of the can body 10 rises due to the initial combustion, the air taken into the blower 30 through the gap between the can body 10 and the surrounding wall 20 is also heated,
This preheats the carburetor 50 which is supplied with the 1/3 air from the blower 30.

The temperature sensor provided on the wall surface of the can body 10.
When it is detected by 14 that the inner wall of the can body 10 and the fin plate 11a have reached the temperature at which catalytic combustion is possible (about 400 ° C.), the drive of the spray combustor 40 is stopped. At the same time
The air flow controller 60 is adjusted so that the amount of air supplied to the carburetor 50 side becomes 2/3 or more of the total amount, and the liquid spray supplier 51 of the carburetor 50 sprays the liquid fuel into the carburetor 50. Be started. The sprayed liquid fuel comes into direct contact with the high temperature air introduced from the blower 30, is vaporized and evaporated, and is introduced into the rectification chamber 12 of the can body 10 through the vaporized fuel supply passage 52. The vaporized fuel passes through the straightening plate 55 and the straightening chamber 12 and is uniformly supplied to the fin plates 11a in which a large number of combustion catalysts are arranged to start catalytic combustion. A part of the inner wall of the can body 10, at least the rectification chamber 12
Combustion is started by contacting the combustion catalyst carried on the inner wall.
The inner wall of the can body 10, at least the inner wall of the rectifying chamber 12, is maintained at a high temperature by the residual heat of the combustion heat generated by the combustion in the initial stage of operation by the spray combustor 40, whereby the air passing in contact with the outer wall surface of the can body 10 is passed. Is maintained at a high temperature, and when it shifts to catalytic combustion, it is maintained at a high temperature by the combustion radiant heat of the fin plate 11a carrying the combustion catalyst and the catalyst combustion heat at the combustion catalyst carrying site on the inner wall of the can, whereby the outer wall surface of the can body 10 is Maintain high temperature of the air passing through. That is, the can body
The air passing around 10 is constantly maintained at a high temperature (150 to 250 ° C), so that the air supplied to the vaporizer 50 is also kept at a temperature higher than that required for vaporizing the atomized liquid fuel by direct contact vaporization. . In this way, the vaporization and combustion of the liquid fuel by the self-combustion heat is continued.

[0015]

According to the present invention, which has the above-described structure,
According to the catalytic combustion hot water supply device described in (1), the spray combustor is provided so as to face the straightening chamber of the can, so that the combustion can be performed by the spray combustor when necessary, such as at the beginning of operation, so that the can is quickly It is possible to raise the temperature of the combustion catalyst supporting portion of (3), and it is possible to quickly shift to catalytic combustion. Further, it becomes possible to effectively supply hot water from the beginning of operation by combustion by the spray combustor, and the rising characteristics at the beginning of operation of the hot water supply device can be improved.
According to the catalytic combustion hot water supply device of claim 2, in addition to the effect of the configuration of claim 1, by providing the surrounding wall surrounding the can body, heat radiation from the can body is reduced. Therefore, it is possible to quickly raise the can body and the internal combustion catalyst supporting portion at the initial stage of operation, etc., and as a result, it is possible to immediately shift to catalytic combustion after the start of operation. Further, by sending the air passing through the surrounding wall to the vaporizer or the like by the blower, the heat radiation from the can can be reused, and the running cost for heating the vaporizing high temperature air can be reduced. In addition, the vaporizer can be preheated, and the vaporization and vaporization of the liquid fuel can be performed quickly and completely from the beginning of vaporization. Further, by connecting the air passage from the air blower to the vaporizer and the spray combustor, only one air blower can be used, which is inexpensive. Claim 3
According to the catalytic combustion hot water supply apparatus described in (1), in addition to the effect of the configuration described in (2) above, the amount of air blown to each of the vaporizer and the spray combustor and the amount thereof can be adjusted by the adjusting means provided in the air passage. The ratio and the like can be adjusted appropriately with one blower and according to the time. Claim 4
According to the catalytic combustion hot water supply apparatus of claim 1, in addition to the effect of the configuration according to any one of claims 1 to 3, a ceramic coating carrying a combustion catalyst is formed on at least the inner wall surface of the can body on the inner wall surface of the rectifying chamber. As a result, it is possible to prevent the temperature inside the rectification chamber from lowering due to combustion by the combustion catalyst on the wall surface of the rectification chamber, which prevents re-liquefaction of the vaporized fuel in the rectification chamber, resulting in stable combustion. Can be secured. Further, by heating at least the can body wall of the rectifying chamber portion, the temperature of the air that passes through the gap between the surrounding wall and the can body and is taken into the blower, and thus the air supplied from the blower to the carburetor, etc. The temperature can be maintained at a high temperature suitable for vaporization above a certain level, and therefore, self-heating vaporization of liquid fuel in a vaporizer or the like, that is, vaporization of liquid fuel without adding special heating means is enabled. You can According to the catalytic combustion hot water supply apparatus of claim 5, in addition to the effect of the configuration of any one of claims 1 to 4, the water pipe of the heat exchanger is located above the center of the metal fin plate. Since the lower half of the metal fin plate can be quickly heated to and kept at a high temperature, the transition to catalytic combustion can be accelerated and the initial startup of catalytic combustion can be started. It is possible to suppress the generation of odor and the generation of CO and improve the combustion characteristics.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a catalytic combustion hot water supply apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional configuration diagram of a conventional water heater using catalytic combustion.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 can 11 heat exchanger 11a metal fin plate 11b water pipe 12 straightening chamber 20 surrounding wall 30 blower 32 vaporizer blow passage 33 spray combustor blow passage 40 spray combustor 50 vaporizer 60 blow regulator

Front page continuation (72) Inventor Saiji Yokozawa Kasumigaseki 3-chome 3-5, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Showa Shell Sekiyu Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Tetsuya Iida 3-chome Kasumigaseki 3-chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Showa In Shell Oil Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Takahiro Matsuda 32, Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo In stock company Noritsu (72) Inventor Toshio Watanabe 32, Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo Stock company Noritsu 72) Inventor Kosaku Joide, 32, Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo Prefecture

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A can body having a heat exchanger formed by penetrating a water pipe through a plurality of metal fin plates carrying a combustion catalyst, a rectifying chamber below the can body, and an outside of the can body. A catalyst combustion hot water supply apparatus comprising at least a vaporizer for vaporizing a liquid fuel and supplying the vaporized fuel to the rectifying chamber, and a blower for supplying air to the vaporizer, the rectifying of the can body. A catalytic combustion hot water supply device characterized in that a spray combustor is provided facing the room. 2. An enclosing wall surrounding the can body is provided, and air passing through a gap between the enclosing wall and the can body is taken into a blower, and a blow passage from the blower is vaporized with spray combustion. The catalytic combustion hot water supply apparatus according to claim 1, which is connected to a heater. 3. The catalytic combustion hot water supply apparatus according to claim 2, wherein adjusting means for adjusting the amount of air blown from the air blower to the vaporizer and the spray combustor is provided in the middle of the air blowing passage. 4. The catalytic combustion hot water supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a ceramic coating carrying a combustion catalyst is formed on at least the inner wall surface of the can body, the inner wall surface of the can body. 5. The catalytic combustion hot water supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the water pipe of the heat exchanger is arranged so as to be displaced above the center of the metal fin plate.