JPH05197899A - Aircraft detector - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the aircraft detector which enables the pattern recognition of aircrafts and does not require to provide any delay time element without being affected by disturbance. CONSTITUTION:While crossing a traveling path 4 provided with a transmitter 12 on one side of the traveling path 4 in the breadthwise direction, a transmitter 1 transmits microwaves B1 to the other side. A receiver 21 is provided on the other side of the traveling path 4 in counter to the transmitter 12, and a receiver 2 receives the microwaves B1. A detection circuit 231 outputs a signal waveform AW detecting the microwaves B1. A signal processing circuit 235 samples the received waveform AW within prescribed time and judges the approach, stay and advance of an aircraft 3 according to the time sequential change of a pattern correlation value between sampling data Ai of the received waveform AW when the microwaves B1 are affected by the aircraft 3, and data Ri of a normal received waveform when the microwaves are not affected by the aircraft 3.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an aircraft detection device, and more particularly, to a device for transmitting a wave and a device for receiving a wave, which are provided on opposite sides of a traveling path to oppose each other when microwaves are affected by the aircraft. The present invention relates to a technique for detecting an aircraft by a time series change of a pattern correlation value between the sampling data of the received waveform and the data of the steady received waveform when not affected by the aircraft.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a conventional aircraft detection device. In the figure, 1 is a transmitting device, 2 is a receiving device, 3 is an aircraft, and 4 is a traveling path.

The transmitter 1 has a transmitter 11 and a wave transmitter 12. The transmitter 11 drives the wave transmitter 12. The wave transmitter 12 is provided on one side of the traveling road 4 and transmits the microwave B1 across the traveling road 4 to the other side. The frequency of the microwave B1 is set to about 10.525 GHz.

The receiver 2 includes a wave receiver 21 and a modulator 22.
And a receiver 25. The wave receiver 21 is the traveling path 4
It is installed opposite to the wave transmitter 12 on the other side and receives the microwave B1. The modulator 22 receives the modulation signal M
1 is input and the high frequency microwave B1 is modulated with a low frequency signal.

The receiver 25 has a detection circuit 251 and a signal processing circuit 252. The detection circuit 251 detects the modulated microwave and outputs the received waveform AW. The output signal processing circuit 252 determines the level of the received waveform AW when the aircraft 3 blocks the microwave B1 and the level of the received waveform AW when the aircraft 3 does not block the microwave B1 based on the difference between the two received waveforms. The intermediate level is binarized as the threshold level, and the detection signal S1 of the aircraft "present" or the aircraft "absent" is output.

[0006]

However, the conventional aircraft detection device described above has the following problems. (A) Since the aircraft detection device determines only by the level of the received waveform depending on whether the beam is blocked or not, the aircraft "absent", the aircraft "present", and It outputs a signal that changes sequentially with the aircraft "absent". (B) As a means for preventing disturbances such as birds, a method of giving a delay time element to a detection signal can be considered, but it is difficult to set an appropriate delay time element in all cases.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, to enable pattern recognition of an aircraft, not to be influenced by disturbance, and to have no delay time element. An object is to provide an aircraft detection device.

[0008]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides an aircraft detection device having a transmission device and a reception device for detecting an aircraft traveling on a ground road. The transmission device includes a transmitter and a wave transmitter, the transmitter drives the wave transmitter, and the wave transmitter is provided on one side in the width direction of the traveling path and crosses the traveling path. And transmits the microwave to the other side, and the receiving device has a receiver and a receiver, and the receiver faces the transmitter on the other side of the traveling path. Is provided for receiving the microwave, the receiver has a detection circuit and a signal processing circuit, the detection circuit outputs a reception waveform obtained by detecting the microwave, the signal processing circuit Sample the received waveform within a predetermined time, and the microwave The approach and stop of the aircraft by the time series change of the pattern correlation value between the sampling data of the received waveform when affected and the data of the steady received waveform when not affected by the aircraft, It is to judge the advance.

[0009]

In the transmitter, the wave transmitter is provided on one side in the width direction of the traveling path and transmits the microwave to the other side across the traveling path. In the receiving apparatus, the receiver is the other side of the traveling path. Since the microwaves are provided to face the wave transmitter and receive microwaves, the arrival amount of the microwaves reaching the wave receiver varies depending on the presence and shape of the aircraft traveling on the traveling path.

In the receiver, the detection circuit outputs the reception waveform in which the microwave is detected, the signal processing circuit samples the reception waveform within a predetermined time, and the reception waveform of the reception waveform when the microwave is influenced by the aircraft is output. Patterns of sampling data and steady reception waveform data when not affected by aircraft
It is designed to judge whether an aircraft is approaching, stopping, or advancing based on the time series change of the correlation value.Therefore, when the aircraft nose enters, the pattern correlation is caused by the disturbance of the received waveform due to the reflected wave of the nose part. The value changes and the approach of the aircraft can be detected. Further, the change in the pattern correlation value due to the interruption of microwaves when the front wheels of the aircraft enter and the change in the pattern correlation value due to the interruption of the microwaves when the main wheels of the aircraft enter The regularity can detect the stoppage of the aircraft. Further, when the aircraft advances and the tail of the aircraft advances, the advance of the aircraft can be detected from the change in the pattern correlation value due to the disturbance of the received waveform due to the reflected wave of the tail portion.

As described above, as the aircraft progresses, the pattern
Since the correlation value of the aircraft changes and it becomes possible to recognize the pattern of the aircraft, it is not affected by external disturbances such as birds, automobiles or humans. Can detect aircraft.

[0012]

1 is a block diagram showing the structure of an aircraft detection apparatus according to the present invention. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 8 indicate the same components.

The receiver 2 includes a wave receiver 21 and a modulator 22.
And a receiver 23. The wave receiver 21 is provided on the other side of the traveling path 4 so as to face the wave transmitter 12, and receives the microwave B1. The modulator 22 receives the modulation signal M1 and modulates the high frequency microwave B1 with a low frequency signal. Specifically, a modulator such as a chopper or a mixer is used. In the embodiment, a chopper is used and the frequency of the modulation signal M1 is set to about 1 kHz.

The receiver 23 has a detection circuit 231 and a signal processing circuit 235. The detection circuit 231 detects the modulated microwave and outputs the reception waveform AW. Specifically, it is configured to include a detector 232, an amplifier 233, and a logarithmic detector 234. The detector 232 detects the modulated microwave, the amplifier 233 amplifies the detected demodulated wave, and the logarithmic detector 234 converts the demodulated wave into a DC signal that changes logarithmically to obtain the reception waveform AW.

The signal processing circuit 235 samples the received waveform AW within a predetermined time, and the received waveform AW sampling data when the microwave B1 is influenced by the aircraft 3 and is not influenced by the aircraft 3. At this time, the approach, stop, or advance of the aircraft 3 is determined by the time series change of the pattern correlation value with the data of the steady reception waveform RW. Specifically, the A / D converter 236 and the microprocessor 237
And an output circuit 238. A / D
The converter 236 samples the received waveform AW within a predetermined time by the number of samples n, and outputs sampling data Ai (i
= 1 to n) are supplied to the microprocessor 237. The microprocessor 237 uses the data Ri (i = 1 to 1) of the steady reception waveform RW when it is not affected by the aircraft 3.
n) is stored and the pattern correlation value between the sampling data Ai and the data Ri is obtained. As the data Ri, fixed data or data automatically corrected from sampling data is used. The output circuit 238 outputs a detection signal S1 which indicates that the aircraft “being present” when the aircraft 3 has entered, and “absent” when the aircraft 3 has entered. The predetermined time is determined in consideration of the traveling speed and size of the aircraft.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a concrete received waveform obtained by traveling of an aircraft. The data in the figure is for aircraft 3
As a boarding type 747, the width of the road 4 is set to 8
The received waveforms when the heights of the 0 meter, the wave transmitter 12, and the wave receiver 21 are set within the height of the wheels of the aircraft 3 are shown. The received demodulated wave is a waveform before being input to the logarithmic detector 234. The reception waveform AW shows the output waveform of the logarithmic detector 234.

When the nose of the aircraft 3 enters, the reflected wave from the nose portion is received by the wave receiver 21, and the received waveform AW is disturbed. When the aircraft 3 advances and the front wheels enter, the microwave B1 is blocked by the front wheels and the received waveform AW is about 30.
It decreases by dB. When the aircraft 3 advances and the engine portion enters, the microwave B1 is partially blocked by the engine portion, and the received waveform AW is reduced by about 10 dB. When the aircraft 3 advances and the main wheels enter, the microwave B1 is blocked by the main wheels, and the received waveform AW decreases by about 50 dB. When the aircraft 3 advances and the tail portion advances, the reflected wave from the tail portion disappears and the disturbance of the received waveform AW disappears.

As described above, the transmitter 1 includes the transmitter 1
2 is provided on one side in the width direction of the traveling road 4, transmits the microwave B1 to the other side across the traveling road 4, and receives the receiving device 2
Is provided on the other side of the traveling path 4 so as to face the wave transmitting device 12 and receives the microwave B1. Therefore, depending on the presence or absence and the shape of the aircraft 3 traveling on the traveling path 4,
The amount of arrival of the microwave B1 that reaches is changed.

In the receiver 22, the detection circuit 231 outputs the reception waveform AW in which the microwave B1 is detected, the signal processing circuit 235 samples the reception waveform AW within a predetermined time, and the microwave B1 is influenced by the aircraft 3. Received waveform AW sampling data Ai and steady reception waveform RW data R not affected by the aircraft 3
Since the approach, stop, or advance of the aircraft 3 is determined by the time series change of the pattern correlation value with i, when the nose portion of the aircraft 3 enters, the reflected wave from the nose portion causes The pattern correlation value changes due to the disturbance of the received waveform AW, and the approach of the aircraft 3 can be detected. Aircraft 3 progresses,
Regularity of change in pattern correlation value due to blocking of microwave B1 when front wheel of aircraft 3 enters and change of pattern correlation value due to blocking of microwave B1 when main wheel of aircraft 3 enters The stop of the aircraft 3 can be detected from. The advance of the aircraft 3 can be detected from the change in the pattern correlation value due to the disturbance of the received waveform AW due to the reflected wave of the tail portion when the aircraft 3 advances and the tail portion of the aircraft 3 advances.

In this way, the pattern correlation value changes in time series with the progress of the aircraft 3, and the pattern recognition of the aircraft 3 becomes possible, so that it is affected by disturbances such as birds, automobiles or humans. Since there is no need to provide a delay time element, highly accurate aircraft detection can be performed.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the concept of a concrete waveform test using the pattern correlation value. In the figure, Ai is the sampling data of the received waveform AW, Ri is the steady received waveform RW
Data. The waveform verification is performed by calculating the pattern correlation value between the received waveform AW and the steady received waveform RW at every predetermined time T, one of which is shown in the figure. The data Ri has a small standard deviation with respect to the average value of the received waveform AW at a predetermined time T. Specifically, as a step before detecting the aircraft 3, the steady waveform detection value RK given by the equation (1) is obtained at every predetermined time T, and when the steady waveform detection value RK is smaller than a predetermined threshold value, the predetermined waveform is obtained. The sampling data Ai at the time T of is stored as the data Ri. That is, the data Ri is automatically corrected to the steady state sampling data Ai in which the aircraft 3 does not exist. Ai: Sampling data Lal: Average value data of steady reception waveform Pattern correlation value D is Ri: Obtained as data of steady reception waveform.

As a result, the greater the change in the received waveform AW with respect to the steady received waveform RW, the greater the pattern correlation value D, and the time-series change in the pattern correlation value D allows the shape of the aircraft to be recognized. Further, since the sampling data Ai and the data Ri become the data corresponding to the presence / absence of the aircraft 3, the appropriate pattern correlation value D can be obtained. That is, when the sampling data Ai of the reception waveform AW drifts due to the temperature influence or the like, the data Ri of the steady reception waveform RW is
Since it also follows, it is possible to cancel the influence of the drift.

FIG. 4 is a pattern obtained from the received waveform of FIG.
It is a figure which shows the correlation value D. When the nose of the aircraft 3 enters, the pattern is compared with the steady state in which the aircraft 3 is not detected.
The correlation value D becomes large. When the front wheels and the main wheels of the aircraft 3 enter, the received waveform AW is heavily attenuated, so that the pattern correlation value D becomes the largest. When the engine portion of the aircraft 3 enters, the engine correlation is partially blocked, so the pattern correlation value D is an intermediate value between the steady state and the detection state. When the tail of the aircraft 3 advances, the pattern correlation value D becomes small and becomes a steady state.

The signal processing circuit 232 sets the first determination level to a value larger than the steady state pattern correlation value D, and sets the second determination level to the pattern correlation when the engine part enters. It is set to a value larger than the value D. The approach of the aircraft 3 is detected when the pattern correlation value D exceeds the first determination level, and the advance of the aircraft 3 is detected when the pattern correlation value D is below the first determination level. The second judgment level is
The shape recognition of the aircraft 3 is set in order to increase the certainty of the detection of the approach and the advance of the aircraft 3. Therefore, when the pattern correlation value D exceeds the first determination level, the entry of the aircraft 3 is detected, and when the pattern determination value D goes up and down the second determination level twice and becomes below the first determination level, the aircraft is detected. If it is configured so as to judge the advance of No. 3, it can be judged to be abnormal when the second judgment level is raised or lowered only once and becomes lower than or equal to the first judgment level.

As a result, the approach of the aircraft 3 can be detected quickly, and since it is determined that the aircraft 3 has advanced only when the pattern peculiar to the aircraft is detected, the certainty of the detection signal is increased. It is possible to obtain an aircraft detection device that is not affected by disturbance and does not need to have a delay time element.

The second judgment level is set to a value smaller than the pattern correlation value D when the engine part enters,
The same thing can be done by detecting the engine part.

Further, in the embodiment, the center line connecting both the wave transmitter 12 and the wave receiver 21 is installed so as to be within the height of the wheels of the aircraft 3. Therefore, the pattern correlation value D when the front wheels and the main wheels enter can be increased, and an aircraft detection device that reliably detects the aircraft 3 without being affected by the model can be obtained.

The transmitter 12 has a half-value angle of 5 degrees to 3 degrees.
The microwave B1 which is 0 degree is transmitted. In this example,
The half-value angle is set to about 20 degrees in solid angle. Therefore, the wave receiver 21 can receive the microwave B1 with appropriate directivity and can also receive the reflected wave from the aircraft 3, so that it can be easily distinguished from the steady state, and by setting the determination level, The nose and tail of the aircraft 3 can be identified.

Further, the receiver 23 detects the approach of the aircraft from the change of the pattern correlation value D due to the disturbance of the received waveform AW due to the reflected wave when the nose of the aircraft 3 enters, and the front wheel of the aircraft 3 is detected. From the regularity of the change in the pattern correlation value D due to the interruption of the microwave B1 when the vehicle enters and the change in the pattern correlation value D due to the interruption of the microwave B1 when the main wheels of the aircraft 3 enter Received waveform AW due to the reflected wave when the tail of aircraft 3 advances
The advance of the aircraft 3 is detected from the change in the pattern correlation value D due to the elimination of the disturbance of the aircraft. Therefore, it is possible to obtain an aircraft detection device that detects the aircraft 3 while confirming the shape of the aircraft 3.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of another embodiment of the aircraft detection device according to the present invention. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 denote the same components.

In this embodiment, a plurality of wave receivers 21a and 21b are provided.
It has shown that it has. Each of the wave receivers 21a and 21b is provided at intervals in the traveling direction of the aircraft 3. The receiving devices 2a and 2b have the same configuration as the receiving device 2 shown in FIG. Therefore, the detection signal of the aircraft 3 becomes a dual system, and the traveling direction of the aircraft 3 can be detected depending on which of the receiving devices 2a and 2b first detects the approach of the aircraft 3. The receivers 2a and 2b have wave receivers 21a and 21b and receivers 23a and 23b, respectively, but the receivers 23a and 23b can be shared.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an aircraft guidance display device using the aircraft detection device according to the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a time chart explaining its operation. In the figure, 51 is a stop bar light, 52 is a guide light, and 53 is a first
Aircraft detection device, 54 is a second aircraft detection device, 55
Is a control circuit, 56 is a taxiway, 57 is a runway, and 58 is a guidance area. The first aircraft detection device 53 and the second aircraft detection device 54 have the same configuration as the aircraft detection device shown in FIG.

The stop bar lamp 51 is provided at the entrance of the guidance area 58 provided at the boundary between the guidance path 56 and the traveling path 57, and the lighting state indicates that the aircraft is prohibited from entering the guidance area 58.

The guide light 52 is located in the guidance area 58 of the aircraft 3
It is provided along the travel route that should be taken, and the lighting state displays the progress permission.

The first aircraft detection device 53 has a first transmission device 531 and a first reception device 532, and detects that the aircraft 3 has entered the guidance area 58 from the taxiway 56. Is. The first receiving device 532 is the aircraft 3
When it is determined that the aircraft has entered, the aircraft “absent” is changed to the aircraft “present”, when it is determined that the aircraft 3 is stopped, the aircraft “present” is maintained, and when it is determined that the aircraft 3 has advanced, the aircraft The check-in signal S53 indicating that the aircraft is "absent" is output from the "present aircraft".

The second aircraft detection device 54 has a second transmission device 541 and a second reception device 542, and detects that the aircraft 3 has exited from the guidance area 58 to the runway 57. Is. The second receiving device 542 is the aircraft 3
When it is determined that the aircraft has entered, the aircraft “absent” is changed to the aircraft “present”, when it is determined that the aircraft 3 is stopped, the aircraft “present” is maintained, and when it is determined that the aircraft 3 has advanced, the aircraft A checkout signal S54 indicating that the aircraft is "absent" is output from the "present aircraft".

The control circuit 55 receives the entry permission signal S51,
Check-in signal S53 and check-out signal S54
And are entered. The entry permission signal S51 is a signal for starting the guidance supplied from the control tower. Entry permission signal S5
At time t0 when 1 is given, the stop bar lamp 51 is turned off and the guide lamp 52 is turned on to guide the aircraft 3. Stop bar light 5 at t1 when check-in signal S53 from aircraft "absent" to aircraft "present" is given
Turn on 1 to display the prohibition of entry of the following aircraft. At time t4 when the checkout signal S54 from the aircraft "present" to the aircraft "absent" is given, the guide light 52 is turned off and the guidance of the aircraft 3 is terminated. The control tower receives the check-out signal S54 and receives the entry permission signal S5 of the following aircraft.
I will give you 1.

As described above, the first aircraft detection device 5
Since the third and second aircraft detection devices 54 determine the advance of the aircraft 3 when the predetermined aircraft shape is recognized, the reliability of the checkout signal S54 from the aircraft "present" to the aircraft "absent". It is possible to obtain an aircraft guidance display device which is highly flexible and does not guide the following aircraft even if there is a disturbance such as a bird, a car or a human while guiding the preceding aircraft.

When the second aircraft detection device 54 outputs the check-out signal S54 of the aircraft "in-air", the guide light 52 cannot be seen from the aircraft 3 and the guide light 52 is not visible.
Since turning off the light indicates that the aircraft 3 is prohibited from entering, turning off the guide light 52 at an early stage is a stop bar.
It is desirable from the viewpoint of preventing erroneous entry into the following aircraft due to the failure of the lamp 51. On the other hand, since the checkout signal S54 is highly reliable, the control tower 55 is not supplied with the approach permission signal S51 for guiding the following aircraft until the control tower obtains the checkout signal S54 from the aircraft "present" to "absent". If so configured, the control circuit 55 causes the aircraft “absent”
It is also possible to turn off the guide light 52 at time t3 when the checkout signal S54 indicating "being present" is supplied. As a result, the stop bar light 51 is turned on and the guide light 52 is turned off, so that a double entry prohibition display can be made to the following aircraft.

[0040]

As described above, according to the present invention, the transmitting device has the transmitter and the wave transmitter, the transmitter drives the wave transmitter, and the wave transmitter is provided on the traveling path. It is provided on one side in the width direction and transmits the microwave to the other side across the traveling path. The receiving device has a receiver and a receiver, and the receiver is the other side of the traveling path. The side is provided to face the transmitter and receives the microwave, the receiver has a detection circuit and a signal processing circuit, and the detection circuit outputs a reception waveform in which the microwave is detected, The signal processing circuit samples the reception waveform within a predetermined time, and sampling data of the reception waveform when the microwave is affected by the aircraft and data of the steady reception waveform when the microwave is not affected by the aircraft Aircraft approach, stop, due to the time series change of the pattern correlation value of
Since it is decided to enter the market, it is an aircraft pattern.
It is possible to provide an aircraft detection device that enables the recognition of the aircraft, is not affected by disturbance, and does not need to have a delay time element.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an aircraft detection device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a specific received waveform obtained by traveling of an aircraft.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a concrete concept of a waveform test using a pattern correlation value.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a pattern correlation value obtained from the reception waveform of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of another embodiment of the aircraft detection device according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an aircraft guidance display device using the aircraft detection device according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a time chart explaining the operation of the aircraft guidance display device shown in FIG.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a conventional aircraft detection device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 transmitter 11 transmitter 12 wave transmitter 2 receiver 21 wave receiver 23 receiver 231 detection circuit 235 signal processing circuit 3 aircraft 4 traveling path

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. An aircraft detection device having a transmission device and a reception device for detecting an aircraft traveling on a road on the ground, the transmission device having a transmitter and a wave transmitter. The transmitter drives the wave transmitter, the wave transmitter is provided on one side in the width direction of the traveling path and transmits the microwave to the other side across the traveling path, The receiving device has a wave receiver and a receiver, the wave receiver is provided on the other side of the traveling path so as to face the wave transmitter, and receives the microwave. The detector has a detection circuit and a signal processing circuit, the detection circuit outputs a reception waveform obtained by detecting the microwave, the signal processing circuit samples the reception waveform within a predetermined time, Sampling of the received waveform when the wave is affected by the aircraft. An aircraft detection device for determining the approach, stop, or advance of the aircraft based on the time-series change of the pattern correlation value between the data and the data of the stationary reception waveform when not affected by the aircraft. 2. The data of the steady reception waveform has a small standard deviation with respect to the average value of the reception waveform at the predetermined time, and the pattern correlation value D is The aircraft detection device according to claim 1, wherein Ai is sampling data Ri is data of a stationary reception waveform. 3. The aircraft detection device according to claim 1, wherein the wave transmitter and the wave receiver are installed such that a center line connecting the wave transmitter and the wave receiver is within a height of a wheel of the aircraft. 4. The receiver detects the approach of the aircraft from the change of the pattern correlation value due to the disturbance of the received waveform due to the reflected wave when the nose of the aircraft enters,
The change in the pattern correlation value due to the blocking of the microwaves when the front wheels of the aircraft enter, and the change in the pattern correlation value due to the blocking of the microwaves when the main wheels of the aircraft enter. Detecting the departure of the aircraft from the regularity, and detecting the advance of the aircraft from the change in the pattern correlation value due to the disturbance of the received waveform due to the reflected wave when the tail of the aircraft has advanced The aircraft detection device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, which is a thing. 5. The aircraft detection device according to claim 1, wherein the number of the wave receivers is plural, and each of the wave receivers is provided at intervals in a traveling direction of the aircraft.