JP3024021B2 - Aircraft detection device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an aircraft detection apparatus, and more particularly, to a transmitter and a receiver which are provided on both sides of a traveling path so as to face each other when a microwave is affected by an aircraft. The present invention relates to a technique for detecting an aircraft based on a time series change of a pattern correlation value between sampling data of a reception waveform and data of a steady reception waveform when the data is not affected by the aircraft.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a conventional aircraft detection device. In the figure, 1 is a transmitting device, 2 is a receiving device, 3 is an aircraft, and 4 is a traveling road.

[0003] The transmitting apparatus 1 has a transmitter 11 and a wave transmitter 12. The transmitter 11 drives the transmitter 12. The transmitter 12 is provided on one side of the traveling path 4 and transmits the microwave B1 across the traveling path 4 to the other side. The frequency of the microwave B1 is set to about 10.525 GHz.

The receiving device 2 comprises a receiver 21 and a modulator 22
And a receiver 25. Receiver 21 is traveling path 4
Is installed on the other side to face the transmitter 12, and receives the microwave B1. The modulator 22 outputs the modulation signal M
1, and modulates the high-frequency microwave B1 with a low-frequency signal.

[0005] The receiver 25 has a detection circuit 251 and a signal processing circuit 252. The detection circuit 251 detects the modulated microwave and outputs a reception waveform AW. The output signal processing circuit 252 determines the level of the received waveform AW when the aircraft 3 blocks the microwave B1 and the level of the received waveform AW when the aircraft 3 does not block the microwave B1, based on the difference between the two received waveforms. The intermediate level is binarized as a threshold level, and a detection signal S1 of the aircraft “present” or the aircraft “absence” is output.

[0006]

However, the above-mentioned conventional aircraft detection apparatus has the following problems. (A) Since the aircraft detection device determines only the level of the received waveform based on the presence or absence of the beam interruption, the aircraft "absent", the aircraft "occupied" and It outputs a signal that changes sequentially with the aircraft “absence”. (B) As a means for preventing disturbance such as a bird, a method of giving a delay time element to a detection signal can be considered, but it is difficult to set an appropriate delay time element in all cases.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, to enable pattern recognition of an aircraft, not to be affected by disturbance, and to have no delay. An aircraft detection device is provided.

[0008]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention relates to an aircraft detecting device having a transmitting device and a receiving device for detecting an aircraft traveling on a ground road. The transmitting device has a transmitter and a transmitter, the transmitter drives the transmitter, and the transmitter is provided on one side in the width direction of the traveling path and traverses the traveling path. Transmitting microwaves to the other side, the receiving device has a receiver, a receiver, the receiver facing the transmitter on the other side of the traveling path The microwave receiver is provided to receive the microwave, the receiver has a detection circuit, a signal processing circuit, the detection circuit outputs a reception waveform detected by the microwave, the signal processing circuit Samples the received waveform within a predetermined time, and the microwave The approach, stop, and stop of the aircraft are based on the time series change of the pattern correlation value between the sampling data of the received waveform when affected and the data of the steady received waveform when not affected by the aircraft. This is to determine advance.

[0009]

In the transmitting device, the transmitter is provided on one side in the width direction of the traveling path, and transmits the microwave to the other side across the traveling path. Since the microwaves are provided facing the transmitter and receive the microwaves, the amount of the microwaves reaching the receiver changes depending on the presence and shape of the aircraft traveling on the travel path.

The receiver outputs a reception waveform obtained by detecting the microwave by the detection circuit, the signal processing circuit samples the reception waveform within a predetermined time, and generates a reception waveform when the microwave is affected by the aircraft. The pattern of the sampling data and the data of the steady reception waveform when not affected by the aircraft
The approach, stop, and advance of the aircraft are determined based on the time series change of the correlation value, so when the aircraft noise enters, the pattern correlation due to the disturbance of the received waveform due to the reflected wave of the noise part. The value changes, and the approach of the aircraft can be detected. Further, the change of the pattern correlation value due to the cutoff of the microwave when the front wheel of the aircraft enters as the aircraft advances, and the change of the pattern correlation value due to the cutoff of the microwave when the main wheel of the aircraft enters. The stopping of the aircraft can be detected from the regularity. Further, the advance of the aircraft can be detected from the change in the pattern correlation value due to the elimination of the disturbance of the received waveform due to the reflected wave of the tail portion when the aircraft advances and the tail of the aircraft advances.

Thus, as the aircraft progresses, the pattern
Since the correlation value changes and the pattern of the aircraft can be recognized, it is not affected by disturbances such as birds, cars or human beings. Aircraft detection.

[0012]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an aircraft detection apparatus according to the present invention. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 8 indicate the same components.

The receiving device 2 includes a receiver 21 and a modulator 22
And a receiver 23. The receiver 21 is provided on the other side of the traveling path 4 so as to face the transmitter 12, and receives the microwave B1. The modulator 22 receives the modulation signal M1 and modulates the high-frequency microwave B1 with a low-frequency signal. Specifically, a modulator such as a chopper or a mixer is used. In the embodiment, a chopper is used, and the frequency of the modulation signal M1 is set to about 1 kHz.

The receiver 23 has a detection circuit 231 and a signal processing circuit 235. The detection circuit 231 detects the modulated microwave and outputs a reception waveform AW. Specifically, it is configured to include a detector 232, an amplifier 233, and a logarithmic detector 234. A detector 232 detects the modulated microwave, an amplifier 233 amplifies the detected demodulated wave, and a logarithmic detector 234 converts the demodulated wave into a logarithmically changing DC signal to obtain a received waveform AW.

The signal processing circuit 235 samples the reception waveform AW within a predetermined time, and does not receive the sampling data of the reception waveform AW when the microwave B1 is affected by the aircraft 3 and the sampling data of the reception waveform AW. The approach, stop, and advance of the aircraft 3 are determined based on the time series change of the pattern correlation value with the data of the steady reception waveform RW at that time. Specifically, the A / D converter 236 and the microprocessor 237
And an output circuit 238. A / D
The converter 236 samples the reception waveform AW within a predetermined time by the number of samples n, and performs sampling data Ai (i
= 1 to n) to the microprocessor 237. The microprocessor 237 outputs the data Ri (i = 1 to 1) of the steady reception waveform RW when not affected by the aircraft 3.
n) is stored, and a pattern correlation value between the sampling data Ai and the data Ri is obtained. As the data Ri, fixed data or data automatically corrected from sampling data is used. The output circuit 238 outputs a detection signal S1 indicating that the aircraft is “present” when the approach of the aircraft 3 is determined and that the aircraft is “absent” when determining the advance of the aircraft 3. The predetermined time is determined in consideration of the traveling speed and size of the aircraft.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a specific reception waveform obtained by running the aircraft. The data in the figure is for aircraft 3
Boeing 747 type was used as the
The reception waveform when the height of the zero meter, the transmitter 12 and the receiver 21 is set within the height of the wheel of the aircraft 3 is shown. The received demodulated wave is a waveform before being input to the logarithmic detector 234. The reception waveform AW indicates the output waveform of the logarithmic detector 234.

When the nose of the aircraft 3 enters, the reflected wave from the nose part is received by the receiver 21 and the received waveform AW is disturbed. When the aircraft 3 advances and the front wheels enter, the microwave B1 is cut off by the front wheels, and the reception waveform AW becomes about 30
Decrease by dB. When the aircraft 3 advances and the engine part enters, the microwave B1 is partially cut off at the engine part, and the reception waveform AW decreases by about 10 dB. When the aircraft 3 advances and the main wheels enter, the microwave B1 is cut off by the main wheels, and the reception waveform AW decreases by about 50 dB. When the aircraft 3 advances and the tail portion advances, the reflected wave from the tail portion disappears, and the disturbance of the received waveform AW disappears.

As described above, the transmitting device 1 includes the transmitter 1
2 is provided on one side in the width direction of the traveling path 4, and transmits the microwave B 1 to the other side across the traveling path 4.
Since the receiver 21 is provided on the other side of the travel path 4 so as to face the transmitter 12 and receives the microwave B1, the receiver 21 depends on the presence and shape of the aircraft 3 traveling on the travel path 4.
, The amount of the microwave B1 arriving at.

The receiver 22 outputs a reception waveform AW in which the detection circuit 231 detects the microwave B1. The signal processing circuit 235 samples the reception waveform AW within a predetermined time. Data Ai of the received waveform AW when the signal is received and the data R of the steady received waveform RW when the signal is not affected by the aircraft 3
The approach, stop, and advance of the aircraft 3 are determined based on the time series change of the pattern correlation value with i, so when the nose portion of the aircraft 3 enters, the reflected wave from the nose portion causes The pattern correlation value changes due to the disturbance of the received waveform AW, and the approach of the aircraft 3 can be detected. Aircraft 3 goes on,
Change in pattern correlation value due to interruption of microwave B1 when front wheel of aircraft 3 enters, and regularity of change in pattern correlation value due to interruption of microwave B1 when main wheel of aircraft 3 enters. Can detect that the aircraft 3 is stopped. The advance of the aircraft 3 can be detected from the change in the pattern correlation value due to the elimination of the disturbance of the received waveform AW due to the reflected wave of the tail portion when the aircraft 3 advances and the tail portion of the aircraft 3 advances.

As described above, the pattern correlation value changes in a time series with the progress of the aircraft 3, and the pattern of the aircraft 3 can be recognized. Therefore, the aircraft 3 is affected by disturbance such as a bird, a car, or a human. This eliminates the need to provide a delay time element, and enables highly accurate aircraft detection.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the concept of a concrete waveform test based on a pattern correlation value. In the figure, Ai is the sampling data of the received waveform AW, and Ri is the steady received waveform RW.
Is the data of The waveform test is performed by calculating a pattern correlation value between the received waveform AW and the steady received waveform RW at every predetermined time T, one of which is shown in the figure. The data Ri has a small standard deviation with respect to the average value of the reception waveform AW at a predetermined time T. Specifically, as a stage before detecting the aircraft 3, a stationary waveform detection value RK given by the equation (1) is obtained at every predetermined time T, and when the stationary waveform detection value RK is smaller than a predetermined threshold, the predetermined waveform detection value RK is determined. The sampling data Ai at time T is stored as data Ri. That is, the data Ri is automatically corrected to the steady state sampling data Ai in which the aircraft 3 does not exist. Ai: Sampling data Lal: Average value data pattern of steady reception waveform Correlation value D is Ri: Obtained as data of a steady reception waveform.

As a result, the pattern correlation value D increases as the reception waveform AW changes more than the steady reception waveform RW, and the shape of the aircraft can be recognized by the time-series change of the pattern correlation value D. In addition, since the sampling data Ai and the data Ri correspond to the presence or absence of the aircraft 3, an appropriate pattern correlation value D can be obtained. That is, when the sampling data Ai of the reception waveform AW drifts due to the temperature effect or the like, the data Ri of the steady reception waveform RW
, So that the effect of drift can be offset.

FIG. 4 shows a pattern obtained from the reception waveform of FIG.
FIG. When the noise of the aircraft 3 enters, the pattern is compared with a steady state in which the aircraft 3 is not detected.
The correlation value D increases. When the front wheels and the main wheels of the aircraft 3 enter, the received waveform AW is greatly attenuated, so that the pattern correlation value D becomes the largest. When the engine portion of the aircraft 3 enters, since the engine portion is partially shut off, the pattern correlation value D is an intermediate value between the steady state and the detected state. When the tail of the aircraft 3 advances, the pattern correlation value D becomes small and the steady state is established.

The signal processing circuit 232 sets the first judgment level to a value larger than the pattern correlation value D in the steady state, and sets the second judgment level to the pattern correlation when the engine part enters. The value is set to a value larger than the value D. When the pattern correlation value D exceeds the first determination level, the approach of the aircraft 3 is detected, and when the pattern correlation value D falls below the first determination level, the advance of the aircraft 3 is detected. The second determination level is
The detection of the approach and the advance of the aircraft 3 is set to increase the degree of certainty by recognizing the shape of the aircraft 3. Therefore, the approach of the aircraft 3 is detected when the pattern correlation value D exceeds the first determination level, and when the pattern correlation value D falls below the first determination level after the second determination level has been increased or decreased twice. If it is configured to determine the advance of No. 3, it can be determined as abnormal if the second determination level goes up or down only once and falls below the first determination level.

As a result, the approach of the aircraft 3 can be detected quickly, and it is determined that the aircraft 3 has advanced only when a pattern peculiar to the aircraft has been detected. Thus, an aircraft detection device which is not affected by disturbance and which does not need to have a delay time element can be obtained.

The second determination level is set to a value smaller than the pattern correlation value D when the engine part enters,
The same can be achieved by detecting the engine portion.

Further, in the embodiment, the center line connecting both the transmitter 12 and the receiver 21 is installed so as to be within the height of the wheels of the aircraft 3. For this reason, the pattern correlation value D when the front wheels and the main wheels enter can be increased, and an aircraft detection device that reliably detects the aircraft 3 without being affected by the model can be obtained.

The transmitter 12 has a half-value angle of 5 degrees to 3 degrees.
The microwave B1, which is 0 degrees, is transmitted. In this embodiment,
The half-value angle is set to about 20 degrees as a solid angle. For this reason, the receiver 21 can receive the microwave B1 with appropriate directivity, and can also receive the reflected wave from the aircraft 3, so that it is easy to distinguish it from the steady state and, by setting the determination level, This makes it possible to identify the nose and tail of the aircraft 3.

Further, the receiver 23 detects the approach of the aircraft from the change of the pattern correlation value D due to the disturbance of the received waveform AW due to the reflected wave when the noise of the aircraft 3 enters, and the front wheels of the aircraft 3 From the change in the pattern correlation value D due to the interruption of the microwave B1 when the vehicle enters, and the change in the pattern correlation value D due to the interruption of the microwave B1 when the main wheel of the aircraft 3 enters. 3 is detected and the reception waveform AW by the reflected wave when the tail of the aircraft 3 advances
The advance of the aircraft 3 is detected from the change of the pattern correlation value D due to the disappearance of the disturbance. Therefore, an aircraft detection device that detects the aircraft 3 while confirming the shape of the aircraft 3 is obtained.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of another embodiment of the aircraft detection apparatus according to the present invention. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 indicate the same components.

In this embodiment, a plurality of receivers 21a, 21b
Is shown. Each of the receivers 21 a and 21 b is provided at an interval in the traveling direction of the aircraft 3. The receiving devices 2a and 2b have the same configuration as the receiving device 2 shown in FIG. For this reason, the detection signal of the aircraft 3 becomes a dual system, and the traveling direction of the aircraft 3 can be detected depending on which of the receiving devices 2a and 2b detects the approach of the aircraft 3 first. The receiving devices 2a and 2b individually have the receivers 21a and 21b and the receivers 23a and 23b, but the receivers 23a and 23b can be shared.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an aircraft guidance display device using the aircraft detection device according to the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a time chart for explaining the operation. In the figure, 51 is a stop bar light, 52 is a guide light, and 53 is a first light.
Aircraft detection device, 54 is a second aircraft detection device, 55
Is a control circuit, 56 is a taxiway, 57 is a runway, and 58 is a guidance area. The first aircraft detection device 53 and the second aircraft detection device 54 have the same configuration as the aircraft detection device shown in FIG.

The stop bar light 51 is provided at the entrance of the guidance area 58 provided at the boundary between the guidance path 56 and the traveling path 57, and its lighting state indicates that the aircraft cannot enter the guidance area 58.

The guide light 52 is provided for the aircraft 3 in the guide area 58.
Is provided along the traveling route to be taken, and the lighting state indicates the progress permission.

The first aircraft detection device 53 has a first transmission device 531 and a first reception device 532, and detects that the aircraft 3 has entered the guidance area 58 from the guidance path 56. It is. The first receiving device 532 is an aircraft 3
Is determined to have entered, the aircraft is changed from “absence” to aircraft “presence”. If it is determined that aircraft 3 is stopped, aircraft “presence” is maintained. A check-in signal S53 indicating that the aircraft is “absent” from the “present aircraft” is output.

The second aircraft detecting device 54 has a second transmitting device 541 and a second receiving device 542, and detects that the aircraft 3 has escaped from the guidance area 58 to the runway 57. It is. The second receiving device 542 is the aircraft 3
Is determined to have entered, the aircraft is changed from “absence” to aircraft “presence”. If it is determined that aircraft 3 is stopped, aircraft “presence” is maintained. A check-out signal S54 indicating that the aircraft is "absent" from "presence" is output.

The control circuit 55 provides an entry permission signal S51,
Check-in signal S53 and check-out signal S54
Is input. The entry permission signal S51 is a signal for starting guidance supplied from the control tower. Entry permission signal S5
At time t0 when 1 is given, the stop bar light 51 is turned off and the guide light 52 is turned on to guide the aircraft 3. Stop bar light 5 at time t1 when a check-in signal S53 from aircraft "absence" to aircraft "available" is given.
1 is lit to indicate that the following aircraft is prohibited. At t4, when the check-out signal S54 from the aircraft "available" to the aircraft "absence" is given, the guide light 52 is turned off and the guidance of the aircraft 3 is terminated. In response to the checkout signal S54, the control tower receives the following aircraft entry permission signal S5.
Will give 1.

As described above, the first aircraft detection device 5
Since the third and second aircraft detection devices 54 determine the advance of the aircraft 3 when the predetermined aircraft shape is recognized, the reliability of the check-out signal S54 that changes the aircraft from “occupied” to the aircraft “absent” is determined. An aircraft guidance display device which is high in degree and does not guide a succeeding aircraft even when a disturbance such as a bird, a car, or a human being is guiding the leading aircraft.

When the second aircraft detection device 54 outputs the check-out signal S54 of the aircraft “occupied”, the guide light 52 cannot be seen from the aircraft 3 and the guide light 52
The turning off of the guide light 52 indicates that the entry of the aircraft 3 is prohibited.
This is desirable from the viewpoint of preventing erroneous entry into the succeeding aircraft due to the failure of the light 51. On the other hand, since the reliability of the checkout signal S54 is high, the control circuit 55 does not supply the control circuit 55 with the entry permission signal S51 that guides the succeeding aircraft until the control tower obtains the checkout signal S54 indicating that the aircraft is “absent” to “absent”. With such a configuration, the control circuit 55 can control the aircraft “absence”
The guide light 52 can also be turned off at t3 when the checkout signal S54 that indicates “available” is supplied. As a result, the stop bar light 51 is turned on and the guide light 52 is turned off, so that a double entry prohibition display can be performed for the succeeding aircraft.

[0040]

As described above, according to the present invention, a transmitting apparatus has a transmitter and a transmitter, and the transmitter drives the transmitter, and the transmitter transmits the traveling path. It is provided on one side in the width direction and transmits microwaves to the other side across the traveling path, the receiving device has a receiver and a receiver, and the receiver is the other side of the traveling path The side is provided facing the transmitter and receives microwaves, the receiver has a detection circuit and a signal processing circuit, the detection circuit outputs a reception waveform detected microwaves, A signal processing circuit samples a reception waveform within a predetermined time, and obtains sampling data of a reception waveform when the microwave is affected by the aircraft and data of a steady reception waveform when the microwave is not affected by the aircraft. The aircraft approach, stop,
Because it is designed to determine the advance, the pattern of the aircraft
An aircraft detection device which enables the recognition of an aircraft, is not affected by disturbance, and does not need to have a delay element.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an aircraft detection device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a specific reception waveform obtained by running an aircraft.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the concept of a specific waveform test based on a pattern correlation value.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a pattern correlation value obtained from the reception waveform of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a configuration of another embodiment of the aircraft detection device according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an aircraft guidance display device using the aircraft detection device according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a time chart for explaining the operation of the aircraft guidance display device shown in FIG.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a conventional aircraft detection device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 transmitter 11 transmitter 12 transmitter 2 receiver 21 receiver 23 receiver 231 detection circuit 235 signal processing circuit 3 aircraft 4 runway

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G08G 5/00 B64F 1/36

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. An aircraft detection device that has a transmission device and a reception device and detects an aircraft traveling on a ground road, wherein the transmission device has a transmitter and a transmitter. Wherein the transmitter drives the transmitter, and the transmitter is provided on one side in the width direction of the traveling path and transmits microwaves to the other side across the traveling path, The receiving device has a receiver and a receiver, wherein the receiver is provided on the other side of the traveling path so as to face the transmitter, and receives the microwave, The detector has a detection circuit and a signal processing circuit, the detection circuit outputs a reception waveform obtained by detecting the microwave, the signal processing circuit samples the reception waveform within a predetermined time, and Sampling data of the received waveform when the waves are affected by the aircraft An aircraft detection device for judging approach, stop, and advance of the aircraft based on a time series change of a pattern correlation value between the data and data of a steady reception waveform when the aircraft is not affected by the aircraft. 2. The data of the steady reception waveform has a small standard deviation with respect to the average value of the reception waveform at the predetermined time, and the pattern correlation value D is: The aircraft detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein Ai: sampling data Ri: data of a steady reception waveform. 3. The aircraft detection device according to claim 1, wherein the transmitter and the receiver are installed such that a center line connecting them is within a height of a wheel of the aircraft. 4. The receiver detects the approach of the aircraft from a change in the pattern correlation value due to a disturbance of the received waveform due to a reflected wave when a noise of the aircraft enters,
The change in the pattern correlation value due to the interruption of the microwave when the front wheels of the aircraft enter, and the change in the pattern correlation value due to the interruption of the microwave when the main wheels of the aircraft enter. Detecting the stop of the aircraft from regularity, and detecting the advance of the aircraft from a change in the pattern correlation value due to the elimination of the disturbance of the received waveform due to the reflected wave when the tail of the aircraft advances. The aircraft detection device according to claim 1, wherein the aircraft detection device is an aircraft detection device. 5. The aircraft detection device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of receivers are provided, and each of the plurality of receivers is provided at an interval in a traveling direction of the aircraft.