JPH0519321Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] <Industrial application field> This invention is an organic waste fermentation method in which organic waste such as garbage is stored in a stationary vertical storage tank, and aerobic fermentation is performed to make it into compost. Regarding equipment.

<Conventional technology> As a device for fermenting and composting organic waste such as garbage, organic waste is placed in a vertical storage tank.
There are so-called vertical single-stage continuous fermenters that ferment in a static state, and multi-stage fermenters.Furthermore, there are horizontal rotary fermenters or fermenters with stirring arms that ferment organic waste while stirring. Various fermentation devices such as tanks are known.

<Problems to be solved by the invention> In general, horizontal rotary fermenters that ferment organic waste while stirring, or fermenters with a stirring arm, are designed to process a large amount of organic waste with one device. Also, the equipment becomes larger due to the large number of moving parts.
There is also the problem that the weight is heavy.

On the other hand, static vertical fermenters can generally be formed in a small size, and in order to treat large amounts of organic waste, multiple fermenters can be installed in parallel, but they can be installed in a wide space. Space is required. Therefore, in order to reduce the installation area, the height of the fermenter must be increased, but in such fermentation equipment, when inputting organic waste, it is necessary to use a ramp etc. for multiple fermenters. You have to repeat the process of lifting the food waste to the height of the input port and throwing it into the tank from there.
There was an issue that required a large amount of labor to input food waste.

The present invention was made to solve the above problems, and the device can be configured relatively easily.The number of fermenters can be changed depending on the amount of organic waste to be treated, and a large amount of organic waste can be processed. It is an object of the present invention to provide an organic waste fermentation device that can handle even a small amount of organic matter and that can automatically charge organic waste to a plurality of fermenters.

<Means for Solving the Problems> In order to achieve the above object, the organic waste fermentation device of the present invention is equipped with an input port at the top of a rectangular box-shaped storage tank surrounded by a heat insulating wall, and an internal An air supply pipe for supplying air and a screw conveyor for agitation and transport are installed, and a plurality of fermenters are arranged side by side, and a trolley is installed so that it can be moved along the fermenters arranged side by side. A pair of upper sprockets and a pair of lower sprockets are pivotally supported, a pair of chains are hung vertically between the upper and lower sprockets, a bucket belt is attached between the chains via a mounting arm, and the bucket belt is rotated by rotation of the chain. and a charging device for raising the bucket and inverting the bucket above the charging port of the fermenter.

<Effect> For example, at a school lunch center, etc., 200
Two fermenters with a capacity of 1,200 liters of food waste will be placed side by side. Then, for the first 10 days, food scraps are put into one fermenter.

When introducing organic waste into a fermentation tank, the cart of the charging device is moved to the front of the storage tank, and the input port at the top of the storage tank is opened. Then, organic waste is put into the bucket of the charging device, the chain is rotated, the bucket is raised, the bucket is reversed at the upper sprocket so as to be pushed forward, and the chain is stopped. By reversing the bucket, organic waste is thrown into the storage tank from the inlet in the bucket.

Fermentation begins in the storage tank within a day to a day and a half after food waste is input, and the volume of the fermented organic matter decreases from 50% to 70% in about 5 days to a week. Therefore, even if 200 pieces of garbage are put into one fermenter every day for 10 days, it can accommodate enough food waste.

Then, for the next 10 days, 200 pieces of food scraps were added to the other fermenter every day. Inputting raw garbage is
Move the dosing device to the front of the other fermenter and proceed as above.

During this time, aerobic fermentation continues in one fermenter with appropriate stirring and air supply, and the organic matter is completely fermented and composted in about 20 days after input. Therefore, at this time of year, the composted organic matter is discharged from one fermenter using the internal screw conveyor, and the empty fermenter is again filled with food waste in the same manner as above. be exposed. And further
After 10 days, the organic matter in the other fermenter will be completely fermented and composted, and the composted organic matter will also be discharged from the tank, and food waste will be put into the empty fermenter again. It will be done.

<Example> Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

First, the structure of an organic waste fermentation tank will be explained with reference to FIG. Stainless steel outer plate 3 on the outer periphery of material 2
is provided. Further, a plurality of drainage holes 6 are drilled through the heat insulating material 2 and the outer panel 3 of the outer wall portion.

The upper part of the storage tank 1 is closed by a lid 13, and an input port 14 is provided in a part of the lid so that it can be opened and closed. Furthermore, a take-out port 15 is provided on the bottom side wall of the storage tank 1 so as to be closable over the entire width of the storage tank 1 .

Further, at the bottom of the storage tank 1, foamed or hollow plastic particles (plastic spheres with a diameter of 10 to 30 mm) are spread to an appropriate thickness to form a filtration layer 7.
A perforated plate 8 on which a large number of holes are provided.
is arranged as the bottom plate. The filtration layer 7 is provided to drain water from the garbage and to improve ventilation, and can significantly reduce the weight of the fermenter compared to the stone grains commonly used in the past.

Air supply pipes 10 and 12 are arranged within the filtration layer 7 and above the perforated plate 8, and are connected to the air supply side of an external blower to supply air to the bottom of the tank.

On the perforated plate 8 at the bottom of the storage tank 1, a plurality of horizontal screw conveyors 16 are arranged horizontally in parallel across the perforated plate 8, ie, the substantially front surface of the bottom plate, toward the outlet 15. Each screw conveyor 16
The shaft is supported by a bearing on the side wall, and its ends protrude outside, and a gear 18 is attached to the tip of the shaft.
are fixed, adjacent gears 18 mesh with each other, and are linked to a drive motor (not shown) via gears or the like.

This horizontal screw conveyor 16 has right-handed screw blades and left-handed screw blades arranged every other screw, and by rotating them in opposite directions, organic matter can be integrally transported toward the outlet or in the opposite direction. transport.

Further, a large number of vertically installed screw conveyors 20 are installed vertically along the substantially front surface of one side wall in the storage tank 1 . This vertical screw conveyor 20
is arranged substantially vertically along the side wall opposite to the take-out port 15, and is erected upward from the base of the horizontal screw conveyor 16.

Each axis of the vertical screw conveyor 20 is connected to the lid body 1.
3 and a bearing on a perforated plate 8, its upper end protrudes upward, and gears are fixed to these protruding ends.Adjacent gears 21 mesh with each other, and are connected to a drive motor (not shown) via gears, etc. linked.
This vertical screw conveyor 20 has right-handed screw blades and left-handed screw blades arranged every other screw, and by rotating them in opposite directions, organic matter at the bottom is pushed upward and conveyed.

Note that the organic matter can also be stirred and discharged by using only the horizontal screw conveyor 16 without using the vertical screw conveyor 20.

As shown in FIG. 2, the required number of fermenters as described above are arranged side by side, and charging devices are arranged along the input and output ports.

The loading device has a trolley 30, frames 31 are erected on both sides of the trolley 30, an upper shaft 32 and a lower shaft 33 are horizontally supported between the frames 31, and the upper shaft 3
An upper sprocket 34 is fixed to both ends of the lower shaft 33, a lower sprocket 35 is fixed to both ends of the lower shaft 33, and an endless chain 36 is vertically stretched between the upper sprocket 34 and the lower sprocket 35 on both sides.

A bucket belt 37 is attached between the chains 36 on both sides via attachment arms 38. This bucket 37
The sprocket 34 is mounted so that it maintains a horizontal position when raised, and is inverted when the upper sprocket 34 is rotated. The end of the lower shaft 33 is connected to a drive mechanism including a motor, a reduction gear, etc. in a drive device 39, and is driven to rotate at a low speed.

In addition, near the base of the input port 14, there is a
limit switch 25 that turns on when
is provided. This limit switch 25 is connected to the control circuit of the drive motor of the lower shaft 33 (not shown), and only when the limit switch 25 is on, the lower shaft 3
3 is driven, and the bucket 37 of the charging device is raised. This prevents the bucket 37 from performing a charging operation while the charging port 14 remains closed. Further, a limit switch and a motor control circuit for detecting the end of movement are provided so that the bucket 37 reciprocates between the solid line position and the imaginary line position in FIG. 1 and automatically stops.

In addition, when simplifying the structure of the drive system, lower shaft 3
3 may be driven manually.

For example, at school lunch centers, etc., 200
If food waste is generated, two fermenters with a capacity of 1,200 liters will be installed side by side. Then, for the first 10 days, food scraps are put into one fermenter.

When putting food waste into the fermentation tank, place the cart 30 of the feeding device in front of the storage tank 1 (input port/takeout port side).
and open the input port 14 at the top of the storage tank 1.

Then, the organic waste is put into the bucket 37 of the charging device, and by rotating the lower shaft 33 and the lower sprocket 35, the chain 36 is rotated and the bucket 37 is raised. Bucket 37
rises while maintaining a horizontal state, turns around so as to be pushed forward at the upper sprocket 34, and stops above the input port 14.

By reversing the bucket 37, the bucket 37
of organic waste is charged into the storage tank 1 from the input port 14. If the amount of organic waste is large, the chain 36 is driven in the opposite direction to return the bucket 37 to its original position, and the same operation as above is repeated to input the organic waste from the input port 14. do. At the same time, an appropriate amount of fermenting bacteria can be added to the tank.

In the storage tank 1, fermentation starts in a day to a day and a half after the garbage is attached, and the volume of the fermented organic matter decreases from 50% to 70% in about 5 days to a week. Therefore, even if 200 pieces of food waste are put into one fermenter every day for 10 days, a fermenter with a capacity of 1,200 pieces can suffice.

Then, for the next 10 days, 200 pieces of food scraps were added to the other fermenter each day. Inputting raw garbage is
Move the dosing device to the front of the other fermenter and proceed as above.

During this time, in the storage tank 1 of the fermenter, the horizontal screw conveyor 16 is rotated in the opposite direction (opposite to the take-out port 15), and at the same time, the vertical screw conveyor 20 is driven to transport the organic matter upward. Aerobic fermentation is continued by being rotated to perform appropriate agitation, and by sending air into the tank from the air supply pipes 10 and 12, and the organic matter is completely fermented in about 20 days after being added. and composted.

Therefore, at this time, the take-out port 15 at the bottom of one of the fermenters is opened and the horizontal screw conveyor 16 is driven to rotate in the unloading direction. As a result, the composted organic matter is sent out from the take-out port 15, and the emptied fermenter is again filled with food waste in the same manner as described above. And 10 more
As days pass, the organic matter in the other fermentation tank will be completely fermented and composted, and the composted organic matter will also be discharged from the tank, and the empty fermentation tank will be filled with food scraps again. be exposed.

<Effects of the invention> As explained above, according to the organic waste fermentation apparatus of the present invention, the inlet is provided at the top of the rectangular box-shaped storage tank surrounded by a heat insulating wall, and the feeder for supplying air to the inside is provided. It is equipped with a trachea and a screw conveyor for stirring and transport, and has multiple fermenters installed side by side, and a trolley that can be moved along the fermenters installed side by side.
A pair of upper sprockets and a pair of lower sprockets are pivotally supported on the trolley, a pair of chains are hung vertically between the upper and lower sprockets, and a bucket belt is attached between the chains via a mounting arm to rotate the chain. Raise the bucket by
Since the structure is equipped with a feeding device that inverts the bucket above the feeding port of the fermenter, by simply changing the number of fermenters according to the amount of organic waste to be processed, it is possible to process from a small amount of organic waste to a large amount of organic waste. Even waste can be handled, and each fermenter can be manufactured to be relatively small and lightweight, reducing manufacturing costs. Furthermore, the charging device allows organic waste to be automatically loaded into a plurality of fermenters.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a sectional view of an organic waste fermenter and its charging device, and Fig. 2 is a perspective view thereof. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...Accommodation tank, 14...Inlet, 30...Dolly, 34...Upper sprocket, 35...Lower sprocket, 36...Chain, 37...Bucket, 38...Mounting arm.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claim for Utility Model Registration] A rectangular box-shaped storage tank surrounded by a heat insulating wall has an inlet at the top, an air supply pipe for supplying air to the inside, and a screw conveyor for stirring and taking out, and are installed side by side. A plurality of fermenters are provided, and a truck is disposed so as to be movable along the fermenters arranged in parallel, and a pair of upper sprockets and a pair of lower sprockets are pivotally supported on the truck. A pair of chains are hung in the vertical direction, a bucket is attached between the chains via a mounting arm, the bucket is raised by rotation of the chain, and the bucket is turned over above the inlet of the fermenter. An organic waste fermentation device comprising: a device;