JPH0518987B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to an excellent alternative to polyvinyl chloride-based vinyl asbestos floor tiles. Conventionally, vinyl asbestos floor tiles usually contain 200 parts by weight or more of filler per 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride resin, and have become popular as a flooring material that is inexpensive and satisfies physical properties such as dimensional stability. There is. However, since asbestos is designated as a specified chemical substance, it is necessary to improve the working environment, and if possible, it is desirable to not use it at all, and research is being conducted on asbestos substitutes. As a substitute for the known asbestos floor tiles, one using fiber gypsum has been proposed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 71745/1982, but fiber gypsum is currently very expensive or unavailable. There are also products that use glass fiber, but they have the disadvantage of poor dimensional stability. In addition, conventionally, secondary plasticizers have been added to improve the workability of vinyl floor tiles, but this has the drawback of decreasing bending resistance and impact resistance. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a system that does not contain asbestos.
To provide a vinyl floor tile having performance equivalent to that of a vinyl asbestos floor tile. It is also an object of the present invention to provide a vinyl floor tile using a filler that is readily available and relatively inexpensive. A further object of the present invention is to provide a vinyl floor tile that does not require the use of any secondary plasticizers. The present invention relates to polyvinyl chloride floor tiles,
As a filler, asbestos-free calcium carbonate treated with resin acid is used in polyvinyl chloride resin.
It relates to a vinyl floor tile characterized by containing 4 to 440 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight. Polyvinyl chloride resin (PVC) used in the present invention
may be a homopolymer of vinyl chloride or a copolymer of vinyl chloride and other monomers such as ethylene, propylene, vinyl acetate, acrylic acid or methacrylic acid or esters thereof. In addition, small amounts of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), nitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR),
It is also possible to blend chlorinated polyethylene, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) resin, etc. The filler used in the present invention is calcium carbonate treated with resin acid (hereinafter abbreviated as "treated carbonate").
It is used in an amount of 4 to 440 parts per 100 parts (by weight, hereinafter the same) of PVC. In the above, resin acid is
For example, resin acids such as diterpenic acid, abietic acid, neoabietic acid, d-pimaric acid, benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, etc., which are free in natural resins or exist as esters or salts, and petroleum resins are grafted to unsaturated carboxylic acids. Examples include those whose main component is a resin acid obtained by oxidation, and, if desired, salts of this resin acid, and those obtained by partially esterifying the resin acid. As a treatment method using a resin acid, for example, a resin acid solution is added to a concentrated slurry of calcium carbonate while stirring, and then filtered, dried, and
A method of pulverization can be mentioned. The calcium carbonate used above usually has a particle size of about 0.02 to 350 microns, preferably about 0.02 to 10 microns, and more preferably about 0.04 to 0.2 microns. In the present invention, if the amount of the treated carbon is less than 4 parts per 100 parts of PVC, dimensional changes due to water absorption will be large and workability (mainly roll conformability) will be poor. Moreover, if the amount exceeds 440 parts, the kneaded tile composition will not easily separate from the rolls, and bubbles will be generated during tile processing, which is not desirable since the appearance of the tile will be poor. Furthermore, if only a filler that is not treated with a resin acid is used, the dimensional stability due to water absorption and processability such as tackiness on rolls will deteriorate. In the present invention, in addition to the above-mentioned treated charcoal, other fillers may be added as a subsidiary. Examples of such materials include organic fibers such as calcium carbonate, silica, talc, polyester, and cellulose that are not treated with resin acids, and other inorganic fibers other than asbestos. The total amount of filler in the present invention is
It is preferable to use 200 parts or more per 100 parts of PVC. In this case, particularly excellent dimensional stability is obtained. In the present invention, other additives such as primary plasticizers, stabilizers, colorants, etc., which are used in conventional PVC flooring materials, may optionally be added. As the primary plasticizer, a known plasticizer such as 2-ethylhexyl phthalate or butylbenzyl phthalate is preferably used in an amount of 15 to
55 copies available. The method for manufacturing floor tiles of the present invention is as described above.
A blended composition containing PVC, plasticizers, stabilizers, colorants, etc., as well as treated coal and other fillers to exhibit the effects of the present invention is mixed using, for example, a ribbon blender, and then using a Banbury mixer or the like. The mixture is heated and kneaded, further kneaded with a mixing roll kept at a predetermined temperature, and then passed through a calender roll kept at a predetermined temperature to produce a sheet material of a predetermined thickness. Mixing roll here,
The heating temperature of the calender roll is determined appropriately depending on the type of raw material vinyl chloride resin and the blending ratio of each raw material component, but generally this temperature is
It is often set between 150 and 180℃. If this sheet material is cut out to a certain size, such as 303 mm x 303 mm, it can be used as a covering material for floors or walls. In the present invention, there is no problem in forming the resin composition into a sheet, and then pelletizing the resin composition and forming it into a sheet again using a calender roll. The vinyl floor tiles of the present invention do not use asbestos, but by using a specific amount of treated charcoal, they can improve workability, dent value, length change due to heating, dimensional change due to water absorption, warping, bending, cracking due to impact, etc. It is an excellent floor tile that completely replaces asbestos, with no difference in other physical properties compared to conventional vinyl asbestos tiles, and it can be advantageously manufactured at low cost. It also has the advantage of not causing any performance problems even without the use of secondary plasticizers such as coumaron-indene resin, petroleum resin, pine resin, and chlorinated polyethylene, which have conventionally been essential as floor tile components. . Examples and comparative examples will be described below. Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 The blended compositions shown in Table 1 were roughly kneaded in a Banbury mixer at 180°C, finished kneaded in a mixing roll at 160°C, and then rolled with a calendar roll to form a 2 mm thick sheet. Got a sheet. This sheet was annealed in a furnace at 130°C, cooled to room temperature, and then punched into squares with sides of 303 mm to obtain floor tiles. The physical properties of the obtained floor tiles were determined according to JIS A 5705 and FS.
(Federal Specifications, LF−001641, GSA−
The results are shown in Table 2. As the treated carbon, calcium carbonate with an average particle size of 0.08μ was used, which was treated with a resin obtained by reacting phthalic anhydride and ethylene glycol with a resin acid obtained by reacting petroleum resin and maleic anhydride. . In the evaluation of workability in Table 2, ○ indicates excellent, △ indicates slightly good, × indicates poor, and the amount of change (*)
The unit in is 10 ^-2 mm. Also, bending occurs when the floor tile is placed along a cylinder.
It is expressed as the maximum diameter of the cylinder where a crack occurs.

【table】

【table】

[Table] From the table, in Examples 1 to 5, the vinyl floor tiles of the present invention with almost the same thickness were obtained with good workability, and these physical properties were not significantly different from those of conventional vinyl asbestos tiles. That is clear. In Example 1, good physical properties were obtained even though only about 10 parts of treated coal was contained, and in Example 5, workability was not impaired either. Comparative Example 1 is a typical formulation example of a known vinyl asbestos tile. Comparative Example 2 uses no treated charcoal, and Comparative Example 3 uses 4 treated charcoal.
In either case, the processability, length change due to heating, dimensional change due to water absorption, warpage,
It was significantly inferior in terms of the number of times it took to crack due to bending and impact, and especially when a secondary plasticizer was added, the low-temperature properties were significantly reduced.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A polyvinyl chloride floor tile, characterized in that it does not contain asbestos and contains 4 to 440 parts by weight of calcium carbonate treated with resin acid based on 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride resin as a filler. floor tiles.