JPH0518827A - Human body detection device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable presence or absence of a human body to be determined accurately and simply by performing inference according to a fuzzy rule for a detection output regarding a characteristic portion from a pyroelectric type infrared rays sensor. CONSTITUTION:Infrared rays which are emitted from a region which can be detected are detected by a detection means 1 and a detection signal is sent to an operation means 2 and then is converted to a temperature T. A first fuzzy inference processor 3 infers presence or absence of a human body using an inference rule which is stored in a first fuzzy rule memory device 4. Namely. when a possibility where the human body exists is set to x, the following results, namely Rule 1: IF T is low temperature THEN x is small, Rule 2: IF T is surface skin temperature of human body then x is large, Rule 3: IF T is high temperature THEN x is small. Therefore, presence or absence of the human body can be determined more accurately by a simple method.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a human body detecting device for detecting infrared rays emitted from a human body, and an air conditioner provided with the same for providing a comfortable living space for human beings existing in a space.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a method for detecting infrared rays emitted from a human body has been well known as a method for detecting a human body, and a pyroelectric infrared sensor or the like is often used as a human body detecting device. In addition, as an infrared detection device for an air conditioner that provides a comfortable living space for humans existing in a space, for example, a device that detects the temperature distribution in a room, the presence or absence of a person in a room, and the position of a person (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. HEI 2- No. 183752) is known.

[0003]

However, when a pyroelectric infrared sensor is used as a human body detection device, determining the presence or absence of a human body from the detection output of the sensor is one of the major problems, and at present it is still a long way to go. There are many malfunctions,
There is a problem that the determination method becomes complicated in order to improve the accuracy. Therefore, when this is used in combination with an air conditioner, there are many cases where the operation of the air conditioner to be controlled is hindered.

The present invention has been tried in view of the above problems, and provides a human body detection apparatus for determining the presence or absence of a human body more accurately and by a simple method, and an air conditioning apparatus including the same. is there.

[0005]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a pyroelectric infrared sensor having chopping means, and a fuzzy inference for inferring the presence or absence of a human body in accordance with a fuzzy rule regarding a detection output relating to a characteristic portion from the pyroelectric infrared sensor. And means.

Further, the present invention relates to a pyroelectric infrared sensor having a chopping means for sequentially detecting a plurality of detection areas in an installed space, and a fuzzy rule regarding a detection output of a characteristic portion from the pyroelectric infrared sensor. And fuzzy inference means for inferring the total number of human bodies in a plurality of detection areas in the space.

[0007]

According to the present invention, the presence or absence of the human body can be determined more accurately and in a simple manner by using the fuzzy inference when determining the presence or absence of the human body from the detection output of the pyroelectric infrared sensor according to the above-mentioned configuration. It realizes that. Further, since the total number of human bodies in the space is also inferred by fuzzy inference, finer control can be performed and an comfortable living space can be provided especially in an air conditioner equipped with this.

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a human body detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes a detection unit 1 including a pyroelectric infrared sensor, a calculation unit 2 for converting a signal from the detection unit 1 into a temperature, and fuzzy inference. It comprises a first fuzzy inference processor 3 and a first fuzzy rule storage device 4 for storing inference rules required when the first fuzzy inference processor 3 executes fuzzy inference. The detection means 1 detects the infrared rays emitted from the detectable area, and the resulting signal is sent to the calculation means 2 where it is converted into temperature.

The inference rule adopted in this embodiment is
The first fuzzy rule storage device 4 is as follows.
It is stored inside. That is, letting T be the temperature obtained by the calculation means 2 and x be the possibility that a human body exists, Rule 1: IF T is low temperature THEN x is.
Small rule 2: IF T is Human surface skin temperature TH
EN x is large rule 3: IF T is high temperature THEN x is
Small. In order to determine the presence or absence of a human body using these, fuzzy inference using a membership function as shown in FIG. 2 is performed. FIG. 2 (a) is a membership function with respect to the temperature obtained by the computing means 2, where A1 = “low temperature”, A2 = “human surface skin temperature”, A3.
= "High temperature" is a fuzzy set. Also, FIG.
(B) illustrates a membership function for the presence or absence of a human body, where B1 = “small”, B2 = “large”,
B3 = “small” is a fuzzy set. If the fuzzy inference is executed by using these in a conventional method, the determination result regarding the presence or absence of the human body can be obtained more accurately and by a simple method.

The function form of the membership function used here is a trapezoidal or triangular shape as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b). Other function shapes such as a mountain shape may be used.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of another embodiment of the human body detecting apparatus of the present invention, in which the same functional parts as those of the embodiment of FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals. In the present embodiment, since the detection means 5 capable of sequentially detecting a plurality of detection areas in the space is provided, it is possible to determine the presence or absence of a human body in the form of the total number of human bodies in the plurality of detection areas. A calculation unit 2 for converting a signal from the detection unit 5 into a temperature, a second fuzzy inference processor 6 for executing fuzzy inference, and an inference rule required when the fuzzy inference is executed by the second fuzzy inference processor 6 are stored. The inference rule adopted in the present embodiment including the second fuzzy rule storage device 7 is as follows and is stored in the second fuzzy rule storage device 6. That is, the temperature obtained by the calculation means 2 is T, and the temperature T
Where n (T) is the number of detection areas and y is the total number of human bodies in a plurality of detection areas, rule 4: IF n (human body surface skin temperature) is less THEN y is less rule 5: IF n (Human body surface skin temperature) is standard THEN y is Standard rule 6: IF n (human body surface skin temperature) is more THEN y is more. Here, a certain temperature range is set as the surface skin temperature of the human body, and based on this, the number of detection areas n
(T) is calculated. In order to determine the presence or absence of a human body using these, fuzzy inference using a membership function as shown in FIG. 4 is performed. FIG. 4A shows a membership function with respect to the number of detection areas, where C1 = "
“Small”, C2 = “standard”, C3 = “large”, etc. are fuzzy sets, and FIG. 4B shows the membership function with respect to the total number of human bodies, where D
1 = “low”, D2 = “standard”, D3 = “high”, etc. are fuzzy sets. By using these and performing fuzzy inference by the ordinary method, information about the total number of human bodies can be obtained in a simple method.

The function form of the membership function used here is a trapezoidal or triangular shape as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b). Other function shapes such as a mountain shape may be used. Further, in this embodiment, the crisp set is used as the skin surface temperature of the human body, but the fuzzy set as in the first embodiment is used to calculate the number of detection areas n (T) for each detection area. May be performed by performing fuzzy inference as in the first embodiment and defuzzifying the result according to a common method such as the center of gravity method. In this case, the presence or absence of a human body in each detection area is determined. Since the reliability can be obtained by the determination result of, the more accurate information about the total number of human bodies can be obtained.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an embodiment of an air conditioner equipped with the human body detecting apparatus of the present invention, in which the same functional parts as those in the embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 3 are designated by the same reference numerals. Is shown. In the present embodiment, since the output control means 8 of the air conditioner is provided, it becomes possible to control the output of the air conditioner based on the information on the total number of human bodies in the plurality of detection areas, and to cope with the air conditioning load. This has the effect of saving energy in that it is possible to control the equipment, and it is also possible to provide optimum air conditioning for people in the space. An arithmetic means 2 for converting a signal from the detecting means 5 into a temperature, a third fuzzy inference processor 9 for executing fuzzy inference, and an inference rule necessary when the fuzzy inference is executed by the third fuzzy inference processor 9 are stored. The inference rule adopted in this embodiment provided with the third fuzzy rule storage device 10 is as follows:
It is stored in the third fuzzy rule storage device 10. That is, when the total number of human bodies in the plurality of detection areas is y and the output of the air conditioner is f, Rule 7: IF y is less THEN fi
s weakening rule 8: IF y is standard THEN f i
s Standard Rule 9: IF y is many THEN fi
s Strengthening etc. Here, the total number y of the human bodies in the plurality of detection areas is
A certain temperature range is set for the temperature detected by the detection means 5 and obtained through the calculation means 2 in each detection area, and the total number of areas satisfying this condition is calculated. In order to determine the output of the air conditioner using these, fuzzy inference using a membership function as shown in FIG. 6 is performed. FIG. 6A shows a membership function with respect to the total number of human bodies. Here, E1 = “small”, E2 = “standard”, E3 = “large” are fuzzy sets. Further, FIG. 6B shows a membership function with respect to the output of the air conditioner, where F1 = “weak”, F2 = “standard”, F3 = “strong”, etc. are fuzzy sets. If the fuzzy inference is executed by using these in the ordinary method, the optimum output of the air conditioner can be determined by a simple method.

Incidentally, as the function form of the membership function, a trapezoidal or triangular shape is used as shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b). Other function shapes such as a mountain shape may be used. Further, in the present embodiment, the crisp set is used as the temperature of each detection area, but the fuzzy set as used for the human skin surface temperature of the second embodiment is used, and the total number y of the human bodies in the plurality of detection areas is y. The calculation of may be performed by executing fuzzy inference as in the second embodiment for each detection area and defuzzifying the result according to a common method such as the center of gravity method. In this case, Since the reliability of the area presence / absence judgment indicates the reliability of the area, more accurate information about the total number of human bodies can be obtained, and as a result, a more appropriate value can be calculated as the output of the air conditioner. Becomes

The output of the air conditioner to be controlled here includes the number of revolutions of the refrigerant compressor, the flow rate of air blown from the air outlet, and the like. Especially when the latter is used, the refrigerant compression is performed. It is preferable because the operating load of the driving machinery in the air conditioner, which requires durability such as machines, is kept constant and improvement in durability is expected.

[0016]

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to more accurately determine the presence / absence of the human body, and it is possible to obtain the determination result of the presence / absence of the human body in a simpler method. Have. In addition, the present invention is characterized by sequentially detecting a plurality of detection areas in the installed space, so that the information about the total number of human bodies can be obtained more accurately, and the information about the total number of human bodies can be obtained by a simple method. Therefore, when applied to an air conditioner, finer control is possible and comfortable air conditioning is possible.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a human body detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 (a) is a graph showing a membership function with respect to temperature in the same embodiment. FIG. 2 (b) is a graph showing a membership function with or without a human body in the same embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a human body detecting apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4A is a graph showing a membership function with respect to the number of detection areas in the same embodiment; FIG. 4B is a graph showing a membership function with respect to the total number of human bodies in the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an air conditioner to which the human body detection device according to one embodiment of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 6A is a graph showing a membership function with respect to the total number of human bodies in the embodiment, and FIG. 6B is a graph showing a membership function with respect to the output of the air conditioner.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 detection means 2 computing means 3 First Fuzzy Inference Processor 4 First fuzzy rule storage device 5 Detection means 6 Second Fuzzy Inference Processor 7 Second fuzzy rule storage device 8 Air conditioner output control means 9 Third Fuzzy Inference Processor 10 Third Fuzzy Rule Storage Device

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A pyroelectric infrared sensor having a chopping means, and a first fuzzy inference means for fuzzy inferring the presence or absence of a human body according to a first fuzzy rule with respect to a detection output of a characteristic portion from the pyroelectric infrared sensor. If the first fuzzy rule is the detection output T of the pyroelectric infrared sensor and the surface skin temperature x of the human body, Rule 1: IF T is low temperature THE
N x is Small Rule 2: IF T is Human Surface Skin Temperature THE
N x is large rule 3: IF T is high temperature THE
A human body detection device characterized by having a small N x is. 2. A pyroelectric infrared sensor having a chopping means, and a second fuzzy inference means for fuzzy inferring the presence / absence of a human body according to a second fuzzy rule with respect to a detection output of the characteristic portion from the pyroelectric infrared sensor. If the second fuzzy rule is the detection output T of the pyroelectric infrared sensor and the surface skin temperature x of the human body, Rule 4: IF ni is less THEN y is less Rule 5: IF ni is standard THEN y is Standard rule 6: IF ni is high THEN y is high, the measured space is divided into a plurality of areas, and the number of areas in which the measured value by the sensor in each area is within a predetermined range is n, A human body detecting apparatus, which infers the total number y of persons in the measured space by the number n.