JPH05181248A - Concentration processing device and concentration processing method for aqueous solution - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable the execution of rapid and efficient desalting, etc., with a simple construction to concentrate and recover a concd. liquid down to the threshold concn. of an electrodialysis regardless of the concn. of an aq. soln. CONSTITUTION:The concn. processing device for the aq. soln. has an electrodialyzer which is alternately arranged with cation exchange membranes 103 and anion exchange membranes 104 via chamber frames 105 and is alternately formed with concentrating chambers 106 and desalting chambers 107 by both these ion exchange membranes 103, 104 and chamber frames 105. The device has a means 110 for circulating the concd. liquid to the concentrating chambers 106 and a means 120 for recovering the increasing volume-component of the concd. liquid by operating the electrodialyzer.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for concentrating an aqueous solution such as a photographic processing waste solution of a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Recently, the treatment of industrial waste liquid, domestic waste water, etc. has become a problem, and various countermeasures for treating this kind of aqueous solution are being considered. Considering a photo-processing waste liquid as an example of the aqueous solution. , Photographic processing of silver halide photographic light-sensitive materials is development, fixing and washing with black-and-white light-sensitive materials, and color development, bleach-fixing (or bleach-fixing), water-washing and stabilization with color light-sensitive materials. It is performed by combining the steps using the processing liquid having one or two or more of the above functions. Then, in a photographic process for processing a large amount of a light-sensitive material, components consumed by the process are replenished, while
Maintains the performance of the processing solution by removing the components that elute or evaporate in the processing solution during processing (for example, bromide ion in the developing solution, silver complex salt in the fixing solution) and keep the processing solution components constant. The processing solution is replenished with the processing solution for the above-mentioned replenishment, and a part of the processing solution is discarded for removing the thickening component in the photographic processing.

In recent years, the replenishing solution has been changed to a system in which the replenishing amount including the washing water, which is the replenishing solution for washing, is greatly reduced for pollution and economical reasons. It was led from a processing tank by a waste liquid pipe, diluted with waste water of washing water and cooling water of an automatic developing machine, and then disposed of in sewers, but other photographic processing solutions such as developing solution, fixing solution, color developing Disposal of solutions, bleach-fixing solutions (or bleaching solutions, fixing solutions), stabilizing solutions, etc. has become virtually impossible due to the recent strengthening of pollution regulations. For this reason, each photographic processing company has a specialized waste liquid processing company collect the waste liquid by paying a recovery fee, or installs a pollution processing facility. In order to entrust this waste liquid treatment company, the waste liquid must be stored, a considerable space is required, and the cost is extremely high. On the other hand, the pollution treatment equipment has drawbacks that the initial investment (initial cost) is extremely large and that a considerably large area is required for maintenance.

As a pollution control method for reducing the pollution of the photographic processing waste liquid, specifically, Activated sludge method (for example, Japanese Patent Publication Nos. 51-12943 and 51-7952). Evaporation method (for example, JP-A-49-89437, JP-A-56-56
-33996 etc.), 3. 3. Electrolytic oxidation method (for example, JP-A-48-84462, JP-A-49-119457, JP-A-49-119458 and JP-B-53-43478), 4. Ion exchange method (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 51-37704,
53-43271, JP-A-53-383), and 5. 5. Reverse osmosis method (for example, JP-A No. 50-22463), 6. Scientific processing methods (for example, JP-A-49-64257,
53-12152, 49-58833, 53
-63763, Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-37395, 57-
No. 37396 etc.) are known, but these are not yet sufficient.

On the other hand, due to restrictions in terms of water resources, rising water supply and drainage costs, simplicity of automatic developing machine equipment, and working environment around the automatic developing machine, in recent years, stabilization processing has been performed instead of washing, and automatic processing has been performed. Photographic processing by an automatic developing machine (so-called anhydrous washing automatic developing machine) which does not require piping for water supply / drainage for washing outside the developing machine is becoming popular. This process includes
It is desired to omit the cooling water for controlling the temperature of the treatment liquid.

Since the amount of waste liquid is small in such photographic processing that does not substantially use washing water or cooling water, it is possible to omit the pipe outside the machine for supplying and discharging the waste liquid, which is considered as a drawback of the conventional automatic developing machine. Since it is difficult to move after installation because it installs the piping that is installed, the space under the foot is narrow, the piping work at the time of installation is very expensive, and the drawbacks such as the energy cost of hot water supply pressure are eliminated, the office The great advantage of being compact and simple until it can be used as a machine is demonstrated.

[0007] On the other hand, however, the waste liquid has a very high pollution load, and it is impossible to dispose of it not only in rivers but also in sewers in accordance with the pollution regulations. Further, although the amount of waste liquid of such photographic processing (processing not substantially washing with water) is small, even in a relatively small-scale processing, for example, processing of an X-ray photosensitive material, 10 liters per day, printing plate making 30 days a day for processing photosensitive materials
In the processing of liters and color light-sensitive materials, the amount is about 50 liters per day, and the treatment of the waste liquid thereof has become an increasingly serious problem in recent years.

As a recent technique aiming at easily treating a photographic processing waste liquid, a low temperature evaporation method (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-63119)
-287588), waste liquid pH control method (JP-A-63-143991), hot air heating evaporation method (JP-A-63-63991).
-107795), a vacuum heating evaporation method (JP-A-63-1).
51301), sludge removal method (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-1436).
83), steam treatment method (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-201442).
No.), and a condensate treatment method (JP-A-62-201442).

Further, the various methods described above have been proposed for the purpose of preventing odor, reusing a distillate as a treatment liquid, and the like. However, the current situation is that the condensate cannot pass the regulation value in the region where the pollution regulation is severe and cannot be poured into the sewage.

[0010]

Therefore, in order to clear the pollution control value in the region where the pollution control is severe and to discharge the condensate to general rivers, seas, etc. No. 153210, the photographic processing waste liquid is heated to evaporate and concentrate, and the vapor generated thereby is cooled and condensed to obtain a condensate, which is used as a cation exchange membrane between an anode and a cathode. We proposed a method for concentrating photographic processing waste liquid, which is placed in a partitioned electrodialysis device and electrodialyzed.

By the way, in this electrodialysis device,
When the concentration of the aqueous solution supplied to the desalting chamber is high, a large amount of water moves along with the salts, whereas when the concentration is low, a small amount of water moves, which occurs when treating with such an electrodialysis device. In particular, it is important to concentrate and collect the concentrated solution up to the limit concentration of electrodialysis regardless of the concentration of the aqueous solution, and to perform desalting quickly and efficiently with a simple structure.

The present invention has been made in view of the above point, and has a simple structure for concentrating and recovering a concentrated solution to the limit concentration of electrodialysis regardless of the concentration of the aqueous solution, and also for quick and efficient desalination. It is an object of the present invention to provide an aqueous solution concentration treatment apparatus and a concentration treatment method that can be performed.

[0013]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that cation exchange membranes and anion exchange membranes are alternately arranged between electrodes through a chamber frame. By providing an electrodialysis device in which a concentrating chamber and a desalting chamber are alternately formed by both ion exchange membranes and a chamber frame, a means for circulating a concentrated liquid to the concentrating chamber, and by operating the electrodialysis device. And a means for collecting an increasing volume of the concentrated liquid.

Further, the invention according to claim 2 is a means for circulating the aqueous solution in the desalting chamber, a means for taking out the aqueous solution when desalted to a predetermined concentration, and an aqueous solution for newly desalting. Is provided.

Further, in the invention according to claim 3, a concentrated solution tank for holding the concentrated solution outside the electrodialysis device is installed, and the concentrated solution is circulated from the concentrated solution tank by a circulation means in the concentrating chamber of the electrodialysis device. And an overflow outlet is provided in the concentrated liquid tank to collect an increased amount of concentrated liquid as an overflow.

The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that it has means for passing the aqueous solution through the desalting chamber of the electrodialyzer in one pass to perform a transient treatment.

Further, the invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that the same concentrated liquid is circulated in the anode chamber and the cathode chamber of the electrodialyzer as the concentration chamber.

Further, in the invention described in claim 6, when a fresh aqueous solution is supplied and a voltage is applied to the electrodialysis device to desalinize to a certain concentration, the voltage applied in the latter half of the desalting process is increased. It is characterized by

The invention according to claim 7 is characterized in that the circulating flow rate of the concentrated liquid is larger than the circulating flow rate of the aqueous solution in the demineralizing chamber.

Further, the invention according to claim 8 is an aqueous solution containing substantially no component that clogs the cation exchange membrane and the anion exchange membrane, according to any one of claims 1 to 7. It is characterized in that it is processed by the apparatus for concentrating the aqueous solution.

The invention according to claim 9 heats the aqueous solution to evaporate and concentrate it, cools and condenses the vapor generated thereby, and condenses the condensate into the aqueous solution according to any one of claims 1 to 7. It is characterized in that the aqueous solution is separated into a concentrate and clean water.

Further, the invention according to claim 10 is characterized in that the means for heating and evaporating and concentrating the aqueous solution, and cooling and condensing the vapor generated thereby cools the heating means and vapor of the evaporation pot for evaporating and concentrating the aqueous solution. As the cooling means of the cooling kettle to be liquefied, the evaporator, the cooling kettle, and the evaporation kettle are used by using the heat dissipation part and the heat absorption part of the heat pump device in which the compressor, the heat dissipation part, the decompression device, and the heat absorption part are sequentially connected and the heat medium is sealed. It is characterized in that it is provided with a decompression means for decompressing the whole as a communication state.

The invention according to claim 11 is characterized in that the aqueous solution according to claim 9 or claim 10 is a photographic processing waste liquid.

[0024]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the concentrating chamber and the desalting chamber are alternately formed, and the electrodialysis device is provided. The concentrating liquid is circulated in the concentrating chamber and the electrodialysis device is operated to increase the concentration. The volume of the liquid is collected, and the concentrated liquid is concentrated to the limit concentration of electrodialysis regardless of the concentration of the aqueous solution and collected.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the aqueous solution is circulated in the desalting chamber, the aqueous solution is taken out at the time when it is desalted to a certain concentration, and the aqueous solution for fresh desalting is supplied to the batch, Efficient desalination is carried out by a circulation system, and it is preferable that the desalination concentration reached is low because it is carried out together with the recovery of the volume of the concentrated liquid.

Further, in the invention according to claim 3, the concentrated solution is circulated between the concentrated solution tank which is held outside the electrodialysis device and the concentrated chamber of the electrodialysis device, and overflows from the overflow outlet of the concentrated solution tank. As a means for recovering the increased amount of the concentrated liquid and recovering the increased amount of the concentrated liquid, a concrete and preferable means, and the apparatus is simplified.

Further, in the invention according to the fourth aspect, the aqueous solution is supplied to the desalting chamber of the electrodialyzer for transient treatment, whereby the concentration of the concentrated solution is stabilized.

According to the fifth aspect of the invention, the same concentrated liquid as the concentrating chamber circulates in the anode chamber and the cathode chamber of the electrodialyzer, and thus the electrode liquid is unnecessary and the device can be simplified.

Further, in the invention according to claim 6, when a fresh aqueous solution is supplied and a voltage is applied to the electrodialyzer to desalinize it to a certain concentration, the applied voltage is raised in the latter half of the desalting process. Increase the desalination level. Therefore, when the voltage is raised when desalination proceeds, desalination is accelerated, and the ultimate level can be made low, which means that if the voltage is high from the beginning, the current value will be high and a large power supply will be required, thus increasing the size of the device. Is prevented. Further, low-concentration desalination can be performed without shortening the life of the ion exchange membrane.

Further, in the invention according to claim 7, the circulation flow rate of the concentrated liquid is larger than the desalination circulation flow rate of the aqueous solution, which is effective for lowering the desalination arrival concentration.

According to the eighth aspect of the invention, the aqueous solution containing substantially no component that clogs the cation exchange membrane and the anion exchange membrane is treated by the concentration treatment device. It is particularly effective for an aqueous solution that does not cause membrane clogging, as compared with an aqueous solution containing a divalent metal ion such as Ca or Mg that causes clogging of the membrane of the electrodialysis apparatus of this concentrator.

In the invention according to claim 9, the aqueous solution is heated to evaporate and condense, the vapor generated thereby is cooled and condensed, and the condensate is treated by the concentrating treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7. However, the aqueous solution is separated into a concentrate and clean water, which is very effective for treatment when the aqueous solution is a condensate.

According to the tenth aspect of the invention, the heat pump device heats the aqueous solution and evaporates and concentrates the resulting vapor to cool and condense to obtain a condensate. Is becoming In addition, according to this method, it is possible to suppress the evaporation and thermal decomposition of bad components in the electrodialysis ion exchange membrane.

Further, in the invention of claim 11, the aqueous solution of claim 9 or claim 10 is a photographic processing waste liquid, and the photographic processing waste liquid is concentrated.

[0035]

The present invention will be described in detail below.

Automatic Developing Machine The photographic processing waste liquid to be processed by the present invention may be any one, but it is preferable that it is discharged from the automatic developing machine. Further, it is preferable that the concentration processing apparatus of the present invention is incorporated in an automatic developing machine or disposed in the vicinity thereof and provided with a waste liquid processing pipe.

The automatic developing machine may be of any kind and type. For example, a roll-shaped photographic light-sensitive material may be used in a color developing tank,
There is a system in which a bleach-fixing bath and a stabilizing bath as an alternative to washing with water are continuously guided to perform photographic processing, dried, and then wound up. As an automatic developing machine, a color developing tank for guiding a photographic light-sensitive material to a short reader, a bleaching tank, a fixing tank, a water washing alternative stabilizing tank,
There are various embodiments including a second stabilizing tank.

The automatic developing machine usually has a replenisher tank, and the sensor detects the amount of photographic processing of the photographic light-sensitive material, and the controller replenishes the replenisher into each processing tank according to the detection information.

The method of photographic processing, the structure of the photographic processing tank, and the method of replenishing the replenisher are not limited, and, for example, JP-A-58-14834 and 48-34448,
No. 57-132146 and No. 58-18631, Japanese Patent Application Nos. 59-119840, 59-120658 and so on, including so-called anhydrous washing method, to other methods and structures The present invention can be applied.

Representative examples of photographic processing waste liquids which can be processed according to the present invention are described in, for example, Japanese Patent Application No. 60-259.
No. 003. However, Japanese Patent Application No. 60-259
No. 003 mainly describes a photographic processing solution when the photographic material to be processed is for color, but the photographic processing waste solution is an overflow generated when processing a silver halide photographic material using the photographic processing solution. A liquid is used. In particular, when the thiosulfate ion is contained, the effect of the present invention is excellently exhibited, and when the thiosulfate ion is contained in an amount of 20 g / liter or more, it is more effective.

Collection of Photoprocessing Waste Liquid When each processing tank of the automatic processor is replenished with a replenishing solution, it is discharged from the processing tank as overflow waste liquid and collected in a stock tank. In an ordinary automatic developing machine, the portion overflowed from the upper part of the processing tank due to the replenishment of the replenisher is treated as a photographic processing waste solution.

Providing a plurality of stock tanks, providing a plurality of evaporative concentration treatment apparatuses of the present invention and using one or more of them as stock tanks (for example, alternately using them as stock tanks and treatment apparatuses), etc. The invention encompasses. If a certain amount is processed at once using a stock tank, the components of the photographic processing waste liquid can be made uniform, and the stock tank is useful as a buffer from the photographic processing tank to the evaporative concentration processing apparatus.

As a means for transferring the overflowed photographic processing waste liquid to the stock tank, it is a simple method to let the photographic processing waste liquid fall naturally through a guide tube. A means may be provided for preheating the photographic processing waste liquid or for evaporating the moisture before the energy is collected or before being collected in the stock tank by utilizing the thermal energy of the automatic developing machine or the evaporative concentration processing device described later. In some cases, it may be forcibly transferred by a pump or the like.

Further, since the components in the photoprocessing waste liquid differ among the photoprocessing tanks of the automatic developing machine, all the photoprocessing waste liquids are not collectively processed, but each photoprocessing tank is used, or 2 or 3 is used.
The present invention also includes a case where a stock tank is prepared for each of the waste liquids in the treatment tanks divided into the above groups and the treatment is performed separately.
In particular, it is advantageous to separate the waste liquid of the color developing tank and the waste liquid of the bleach-fixing tank and the washing-replacement stabilizing tank from the viewpoint of silver recovery.

In the present invention, it is preferable to process a photographic processing waste liquid obtained by mixing a photographic processing waste liquid for negative film processing and a photographic processing waste liquid for paper processing.

Further, the waste liquid may be forcibly transferred to the stock tank by a pump by piping to a waste liquid tank in an existing automatic developing machine or the like. Further, the waste liquid tank itself of the automatic processor can be used as a stock tank. In this case, it is preferable to detect the weight of this stock tank and operate the pump to forcibly transfer the waste liquid through the pipe. It is also preferable that the float is floated in the waste liquid tank and the liquid level above a certain level is detected to operate the pump because the installation on the existing automatic processor is simple.

The pH value of the photographic processing waste liquid subjected to the distillation concentration processing according to the present invention may be the same as the pH value,
Evaporation treatment at 3.5 to 7, especially pH 4.5 to 6.5 is preferable from the viewpoint of more effectively achieving the object of the present invention. Further, the use of various antifoaming agents (eg, siliconized compounds) is extremely advantageous because it is possible to suppress foaming during the evaporation processing by an activator existing in the photographic processing liquid or eluted from the photosensitive material. ..

An example of the automatic processor is shown in FIG. This Figure 1
Is an automatic processor for processing a color negative film, including a color developing tank 1, a bleaching tank 2, a fixing tank 3, a water washing alternative stabilizing tank 4 and a second
The photographic light-sensitive material having the respective processing tanks of the stabilizing tank 5 and subjected to the development processing is dried in the drying section 6. Replenishing tanks 7 to 11 are connected to the color developing tank 1, the bleaching tank 2, the fixing tank 3, the washing alternative stabilizing tank 4 and the second stabilizing tank 5, respectively, and further, the color developing tank 1, the bleaching tank 2 and the fixing tank. 3, washing substitute alternative tank 4,
The photographic processing waste liquid overflowing from the second stabilizing tank 5 is stored in the stock tank 12.

Evaporative Concentration Processing Apparatus The evaporation concentration processing apparatus used in the present invention is for distilling photographic processing waste liquid, and is shown in FIG.

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 21 designates an evaporation pot that can withstand a reduced pressure. In the evaporation pot 21, an aqueous solution, for example, a photographic processing waste liquid is injected and stored. Reference numeral 22 denotes a cooling pot that is concentrically provided outside the evaporation pot 21, and the upper portion of the cooling pot 22 is the evaporation pot 21.
And is connected to the pressure reducing means 23 to reduce the pressure. It is known that boiling occurs below the boiling point when the inside of the evaporation tank 22 is depressurized below atmospheric pressure, and in this embodiment, evaporation is performed at a low temperature at which gas generation is unlikely to occur under this depressurization. As the decompression device 23, a vacuum pump system, an ejector system or the like can be used, but a so-called water flow pump system, which is an ejector system by a water flow among the ejector systems, is preferable, which is an odor component to the outside air. Is preferred in that it does not emit.

Reference numeral 24 denotes a heat dissipating portion arranged spirally in the evaporation pot 21, which is connected in sequence with the compressor 31, the heat dissipating portion 24, the pressure reducing device 23, the heat absorbing portion 29, and the refrigerant air cooling means 32, and hermetically seals the heat medium. The heat pump device 25 is configured. The heat radiating portion 24 of the heat pump device 25 constitutes a heating means, and the surface temperature thereof is 10 when it is evaporated under reduced pressure.
0 ° C or less, especially 30 to 4 to prevent generation of odorous gas
Most preferably, the temperature is controlled to 0 ° C. This management method is
The fan 33 is turned on / off depending on the temperature of the concentrated liquid in the evaporator 21.
A method of turning off the fan 33 and a method of turning on / off the fan 33 depending on the heating side temperature and pressure of the refrigerant (heat medium) are preferable. The heat radiating portion 24 of the heat pump device 25 has a lower portion immersed in the aqueous solution W and an upper portion protruding from above the liquid surface and exposed in the air. The reason why the heat radiating portion 24 is arranged in a spiral shape so as to extend over the liquid and the air is that the liquid and the liquid surface can be efficiently heated at the same time.

Ammonia, Freon gas, etc. are generally used as the heat medium used in the heat pump device 25. In the present invention, Freon gas HCFC-22 is preferable in terms of evaporative concentration efficiency. In addition, the heat pump device 2
Various types of compressors such as a rotor type are used for the compressor 31 of No. 5, and a compressor used for an air conditioner such as a refrigerator, a refrigerator and an air conditioner can also be used.

A double can system is used in which the evaporation pot 21 is placed inside and the cooling pot 22 is placed outside, but by doing so, the overall construction of the apparatus can be made compact. Further, a demister 43 is provided on the liquid surface of the evaporation tank 21, and the evaporation tank 2 is provided above the demister 43.
1 and the cooling pot 22 are connected. By doing so, it is possible to prevent the concentrated components in the evaporation pot 21 from splashing and mixing into the condensed water in the cooling pot 22, and as a result, the evaporation and concentration can be stably performed. .. The demister 43 is an aggregate of sponge-like fibrous substance sintered bodies having a porosity of 80% or more, and has a thickness of 1 cm or more. Practically, the Saran lock in which the Saran fiber is bonded with an adhesive is preferred.

The operation start of this evaporative concentration treatment apparatus is
It is preferable that the water flow pump is first operated to create a reduced pressure, and the liquid supply is started at this point. After the constant depressurized state, the compressor 31 is operated to shift to the normal evaporative concentration operation. As a method for detecting the depressurized state,
There is a method of using the pressure sensor 62 or forcibly moving to the next step for a certain period of time.

Reference numeral 26 is a tank for storing the aqueous solution, and 27 is an aqueous solution supply means provided with an electromagnetic valve 27a for pumping the aqueous solution from the tank 26 and feeding it into the evaporator 21. The aqueous solution supply means 27 is adapted to operate when the liquid level drops due to heating and evaporation in the evaporation pot 21 and is below the liquid level detected by the liquid level detection means 28. The aqueous solution pumped up by the aqueous solution supply means 27 is used in the evaporation pot 21.
The liquid level detection electrode of the liquid level detection means 28 is supplied into the inside while cleaning. Note that the liquid portion of the heat radiating portion 24 and the portion in the air are generally controlled at the same temperature, but in that case, the surface temperature of the portion in the air becomes substantially higher due to the difference in heat transfer effect. .. Therefore, if the supplied waste liquid is directly sprayed to the heat dissipation part 24, unpleasant gas may be generated due to rapid heating.
As a countermeasure, it is necessary to adjust the supply amount or to suppress the temperature of the heat radiating portion 24 in the air below the gas generation temperature. Alternatively, the heat radiating portion 24 may be divided into the inside of the liquid and the outside of the liquid to control the temperatures appropriately.

The liquid level detecting means 28 is an electrode type liquid level detecting means for detecting the liquid level by inserting an electrode into the aqueous solution in the evaporation pot 21, and the liquid level detecting means 28 concentrates. In order to prevent malfunction due to sludge or the like, at least a part of the electrode is covered with the cylinder 45, and the aqueous solution from the tank 26 is poured into the inside of the cylinder 45 and supplied to the evaporation pot 21. For the same purpose, a part of the electrode of the liquid level detecting means 28 is coated with a non-conductive substance, preferably a polymer heat-shrink tube, particularly a water-repellent material is good, and a Teflon heat-shrink tube is the best. .. Further, the cylinder 45 is also made of a non-conductive material such as a plastic material, and the inner surface is preferably made of silicon or Teflon.

According to the detection result of the liquid level detecting means 28,
The aqueous solution supply means 27 is controlled. However, irrespective of the result of the liquid level detection, at the start of the evaporative concentration work, a certain amount of the aqueous solution, that is, an amount that does not hinder the operation because the liquid level of the aqueous solution in the evaporating tank 21 becomes high, for example, the evaporating tank. A 1/50 to 1/5 aqueous solution having a capacity of 21 is supplied to the evaporation kettle 21. By this control, the liquid level detecting means 28
It is possible to prevent an erroneous operation that occurs when there is no liquid at the time of start due to the sludge adhering to the.

Further, during operation, the liquid level detecting means 2 is operated for a certain period of time.
When the liquid detection state of 8 continues, the sludge may adhere to the liquid level detection means 28 and malfunction.
In order to prevent this, it is preferable to forcibly supply a fixed amount of aqueous solution, and this control can prevent malfunction of the liquid level detection means 28.

If a large amount of gasification component is mixed in the aqueous solution or if a surfactant component is contained in the aqueous solution, the aqueous solution will be in a foaming state (forming) at the time of evaporation, and as a result, the foam will be above the evaporation vessel 21. It may be pushed up to and may be mixed in the condensed water in the cooling pot 22. In order to prevent this, an electrode type liquid level detecting means 60, which is separate from the liquid level detecting means 28, is provided at the top of the pot. This liquid level detection means 60
Thus, when the presence of the bubble state is detected, the solenoid valve 61 is opened to break the decompression inside the evaporation pot 21 to prevent the concentrated liquid from mixing into the condensed water. Further, it is preferable to additionally have a mechanism for injecting a silicon-based or fluorine-based defoaming agent into the evaporation pot 21.

The heat absorbing section 29 of the heat pump device 25 is a cooling means installed in the cooling pot 22 and evaporates the aqueous solution in the evaporation pot 21 to cool and condense the water vapor having entered the cooling pot 22 through the space above the pot. Let The condensed water thus created is stored in the bottom portion 22a of the cooling kettle 22 and is collected in the condensed water tank 30 which is a collecting container installed outside the kettle. This recovery is performed by the decompression device 23 using the ejector 23a in this embodiment. That is, when the water in the condensed water tank 30 is pumped up by the pump 23b and returned to the condensed water tank 30 through the vertical pipe portion of the ejector 23a, a vacuum region is generated in a perpendicular portion between the vertical pipe portion and the horizontal pipe portion, so that a horizontal region is generated. The liquid accumulated in the bottom portion 22a of the cooling kettle 22 communicating with the pipe portion and the air in the cooling kettle 22 and the evaporation kettle 21 communicating with this are sucked, and contribute to the stabilization of the reduced pressure in both kettles 21 and 22. .. If the pressure in the evaporation pot 21 rises due to the generated steam, the decompression balance will be lost if the condensation and the recovery of the condensed water are continuously performed. It works effectively. The water that overflows the condensed water tank 30 is stored in the storage container 30a. Ejector 2
3a is preferably located below the bottom 22a.

The refrigerant air cooling means 32 provided on the upstream side of the heat radiating portion 24 of the heat pump device 25 is for lowering the temperature of the refrigerant, which has been pressurized and compressed by the compressor 31 to a high temperature, to an appropriate set temperature. An air cooling fan 33 is provided.
Further, the heat pump device 25 is provided with a capillary tube 34 serving as an expansion valve on the downstream side of the heat radiating section 24, and the heat absorbing section on the downstream side of this capillary tube 34 has a cooling means 29 a for water in the condensed water tank 30 and Cooling pot 2
It is used as the heat absorbing portion 29 in the No. 2. That is, the upstream side is the heating area and the downstream side is the cooling area with the capillary tube 34 in between. Then, the refrigerant having passed through the heat absorbing section 29 of the cooling pot 22 recirculates to the compressor 31.

A slurry reservoir 35 is provided at the bottom of the evaporation pot 21, and the slurry reservoir 35 accumulates the slurry concentrated to a high concentration by repeating evaporation and concentration. A slurry outlet 36 is provided on the outer surface of the side wall at the same level as the bottom surface of the slurry reservoir 35.
It is sealed with 7. The plug means 37 may be composed of a ball valve, a butterfly valve, or a slide valve, but in the case shown in the figure, it is composed of a packing plug 46 for maintaining a depressurized state in the evaporation tank 21, and is connected to the packing plug 46. The slurry outlet 36 can be opened and closed by pulling or pushing the handle 38.

A stirring blade 40 is provided in the slurry reservoir 35.
The stirring blade 40 is fixed to the lower end of the output shaft 42 of the drive source 41 installed in the upper portion of the evaporation tank 21. The stirring blade 40 can stir the inner bottom surface of the slurry reservoir 35 over the entire surface, and has a configuration in which the slurry is easily swept toward the slurry outlet 36. Of course, the stirring blade 40 may be manually rotated by operating the handle. A part of the stirring blade 40 passes near the slurry outlet 36, and the stirring blade 40 is rotated to sway the concentrated liquid before the slurry is taken out from the slurry outlet 36. All the slurry adhering to the upper heating portion is not left in the evaporation pot 21, but is completely cleaned and taken out.

A slurry recovery container 50 can be engaged with the tip of the slurry discharge part 39 opened at the bottom of the stopper means 37. The slurry recovery container 50 is a flexible container such as a bag. May be. The slurry recovery container 50 is connected to the slurry discharge part 39 by the same sealing means as a cap (not shown) attached to these recovery containers, for example, a screw-fitting type or an elastic detachable sealing type. This is so that the operator can easily take out the slurry without getting his hands dirty.

For the purpose of cleaning the slurry that does not come out of the steam kettle 21 due to scales in a normal concentration operation during the periodic maintenance, in particular, to remove the slurry adhering to the intermediate portion of the steam kettle 21, scale scraping is performed. A blade (not shown) may be attached to the stirring blade 40 for use. The slurry scraping blade may be rotatable by means from below.

When the slurry becomes hard and the stirring blade 40 does not move easily, in order to prevent the driving source 41 and the stirring blade 40 from being overloaded, the driving source 41 and the stirring root 40 should be prevented.
A belt-type transmission part is inserted in a part of the power transmission mechanism between and. Although the slurry is initially hard, it has the property of becoming fluid while stirring. Therefore, at first, the stirring blade 20 rotates while the belt slips, and then the stirring blade 20 can easily rotate.

The packing plug 46 of the plug means 37 is, for example, a rubber plug, and in order to prevent this from being pushed too much, a stopper (not shown) is attached to prevent the packing plug 46 from entering the slurry discharge part 39 for a certain distance or more. Further, a prevention member for preventing the rubber stopper 46 from coming out in the opposite direction is provided. The handle 38 also serves to prevent the slurry from being jetted and scattered from the slurry discharge portion 39.

A liquid level detector (for example, a float type) (not shown) is installed at least at a position near the middle position and the bottom surface of the aqueous solution tank 26, and the operation is started when the aqueous solution is supplied to the intermediate position of the tank 26. Then, control is performed so that the operation stops when the liquid level drops near the bottom. Further, the condensed water tank 30 is provided with a liquid level sensor 47, and the condensed water tank 30
It is controlled so that the operation of the equipment is stopped when is full.

In this embodiment, the aqueous solution supply means 27
Is operated to inject a waste liquid, that is, an aqueous solution, into the evaporation tank 21 until a predetermined water level detected by the liquid level detector is reached, and tap water is also injected and stored in the condensed water tank 30. After that, the heating means 24 in the evaporation pot 21 is heated to a predetermined temperature by the action of the refrigerant flowing by the operation of the compressor 31, and the endothermic portion 29 in the cooling pot 22 is cooled. On the other hand, since the cooling tank 22 and the evaporation tank 21 are condensed through the ejector 23a by the operation of the pump 23b, the waste liquid boils and evaporates at a temperature below its boiling point.

The water vapor evaporated in the evaporating vessel 21 enters the cooling vessel 22 through the upper space, is cooled and condensed into water droplets, is stored in the bottom portion 22a of the cooling vessel 22, and is sucked out of the vessel by vacuum suction. It is collected in the installed condensed water tank 30. As the amount of the aqueous solution preliminarily injected into the evaporation vessel 21 due to evaporation decreases, the supply means 27 operates and replenishes, so that the evaporation replenishment is repeatedly performed in the evaporation vessel 21, and the aqueous solution is gradually concentrated. The component solidified to a high concentration becomes a slurry and is stored in a slurry storage portion 35 provided at the bottom.

The temperature of the heat medium used in the heat pump device 5 is constantly detected, and the degree of concentration is judged by this. When this temperature reaches a certain temperature, the concentrating process is terminated, the handle 38 is pulled out, the packing stopper 46 of the stopper means 37 is pulled out, the slurry outlet 36 that has been tightly closed is released, and the bottom of the evaporation pot 21 is opened. The accumulated slurry is taken out to the slurry recovery container 50. At the time of this take-out, the rotary blade 40 is rotated by the drive source 41, and the work of taking out the slurry is efficiently performed.

Since this evaporative concentration device operates as described above to concentrate the aqueous solution, it can be used for the waste liquid treatment operation and the stock solution concentration operation.

Electrodialysis Device Next, an embodiment of the electrodialysis device used in the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

The electrodialysis device used in the present invention includes:
The electrodialysis tank 100 is provided with a positive electrode 101 and a negative electrode 102, and a cation exchange membrane 103 and an anion exchange membrane 104 are provided between the positive electrode 101 and the negative electrode 102 to form a chamber frame 10.
These two ion-exchange membranes 10 are alternately arranged through
Concentration chambers 106 and desalting chambers 107 are alternately formed by 3, 104 and the chamber frame 105.

The current density in electrodialysis of this electrodialysis device is preferably 0.1 to 10 A / dm ² , and more preferably 1 to 8 A / dm ² . The current density is preferably 0.1 to 5 A / liter or less, more preferably 0.5 to 4 A / liter or less. Current density is 10A
When it exceeds / dm ² , the separation of ammonia, sulfurous acid, etc. is poor. When the current concentration exceeds 5 A / liter, the separation of ammonia, sulfurous acid, etc. is poor. 0.1-1A
The reason why less than 1 A / dm ² is not preferable is that the apparatus becomes large. The voltage may be in the range where the electric density or current density can be obtained.

The cation exchange membrane used in this electrodialysis apparatus is manufactured and marketed by manufacturers such as Ionics, Toyo Soda, DuPont, and Asahi Glass.
Anion exchange membranes are also manufactured and marketed by manufacturers such as those manufactured by Ionics.

The electrodialysis tank is preferably formed of an electrically insulating material that can withstand long-term use or reuse.
In particular, synthetic resins such as polyepichlorohydrin, polyvinyl methacrylate, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene chloride and phenol formaldehyde resin can be preferably used. The power supply anode that gives a positive DC voltage is, for example, carbon material (for example, activated carbon, charcoal, coke, lime), graphite material (for example, carbon fiber, carbon cloth, brafite, etc.), carbon composite material (for example, metal on carbon). Those mixed in powder form and sintered),
Activated carbon fiber non-woven fabric (for example, KE-100 felt, Toyobo Co., Ltd.), or a material in which platinum, palladium, or nickel is supported on it, and a dimensionally stable electrode (platinum group oxide-coated titanium material, titanium coated with iridium oxide) For example, DSA X-band mesh), platinum coated titanium material, nickel material, stainless steel material,
It is made of iron or the like. Further, the power feeding cathode facing the power feeding anode and giving a negative DC voltage is, for example, platinum, stainless steel, titanium, nickel, hastelloy, graphite, carbon material,
It is made of a mild steel or a metal material coated with a platinum group metal. It is preferable to use a mesh-shaped or plate-shaped material for this electrode.

In this electrodialyzer, the concentrated liquid is concentrated in the concentration chamber 1
And means 110 for circulating to 0, and means 1 for recovering the volume of concentrated liquid which is increased by operating the electrodialyzer.
20 and 20.

The means 110 for circulating the concentrated liquid in the concentrated chamber 106 has a concentrated liquid tank 111, a circulation pump 112, and circulation pipes 113 and 114, and the concentrated liquid stored in the concentrated liquid tank 111 is circulated. By driving the pump 112, the electrodialysis tank 10 is circulated through the circulation pipes 113 and 114.
It is fed to the concentration chamber 106 of 0 for circulation.

The means 120 for recovering the volume of the concentrated liquid that increases by operating the electrodialysis device has an overflow pipe 121 and a recovery container 122,
Concentrated liquid increases due to desalination by operating the electrodialyzer, but the increased concentrated liquid volume overflows from the concentrated liquid tank 111 via the overflow outlet 121a of the overflow pipe 121 and is automatically recovered. It is collected in the container 122. In this way, the concentrate tank 111 for holding the concentrate outside the electrodialysis device is installed,
The concentrated liquid is increased from the concentrated liquid tank 111 by circulating the concentrated liquid with the electrodialysis device by a circulation means, and the concentrated liquid tank 111 is provided with an overflow outlet 121a to collect the increased amount of the concentrated liquid as an overflow. The means for collecting the amount is concrete and preferable, and the apparatus is simplified.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the concentrated liquid tank 1
11 is provided with a discharge pipe 123, and this discharge pipe 123 is further provided with an electromagnetic valve 124. When the liquid level detection sensor 125 provided in the concentrated liquid tank 111 increases the concentrated liquid, the control device 126 causes the electromagnetic valve 124. To activate
The increased amount may be collected in the collection container 122 from the discharge pipe 123. Further, the solenoid valve 124 may be activated after a lapse of a predetermined time so as to recover the increase in the concentrated liquid, and instead of the solenoid valve 124, the pump 1
27 may be provided to forcibly collect, or a manual operation valve may be provided to collect manually.

As described above, the desalting chamber 107 of the electrodialysis device
If the concentration of the desalting solution, which is the aqueous solution supplied to the, is higher than the concentration of the concentrated solution, a large amount of water moves with the salts during desalting,
When the concentration is low, there is a phenomenon that less water moves, but the concentration chambers 106 and the desalting chambers 107 are formed alternately,
The concentrated solution is circulated in the concentrating chamber 106, and the volume of the concentrated solution that is increased by operating the electrodialysis device is recovered, so that the concentrated solution is concentrated to the limit concentration of electrodialysis regardless of the concentration of the aqueous solution and recovered. can do.

Means 130 for circulating the aqueous solution in the desalting chamber 107 of the electrodialysis device, means 140 for taking out the aqueous solution when it is desalted to a certain concentration, and means for newly supplying the aqueous solution for desalting. And 150.

The means 130 for circulating the aqueous solution in the desalting chamber 107 includes a desalting solution tank 131 and a circulation pump 13.
2 and circulation pipes 133 and 134, the desalination liquid stored in the desalination liquid tank 131 is driven by the circulation pump 132, and the desalination chamber 107 of the electrodialysis tank 100 is passed through the circulation pipes 133 and 134. It is fed to and circulated.

Further, the means 140 for taking out the aqueous solution when it is desalted to a certain concentration has an electromagnetic valve 141 provided in the circulation pipe 134, a discharge pipe 142 connected to this electromagnetic valve 141, and a recovery container 143. Therefore, when the electromagnetic valve 141 is closed after a predetermined time elapses, the aqueous solution is discharged from the circulation pipe 134 through the discharge pipe 142 and collected in the collection container 143.

As a method for judging that the salt has been desalted to a constant concentration, it is preferable to set a time value based on an experimental value because the cost is low, but it is necessary to install an electric conductivity measuring instrument 145 and detect that the value is below a certain value. Is the most certain. It is also very preferable to detect the current in the electrodialysis tank to detect that the current has dropped below a certain value, and to use a time point after a certain time has passed from this time point.

The electromagnetic valve 141 may be provided in the discharge pipe 142. Further, the discharge pipe 142 is provided at a predetermined position of the desalination solution tank 131, and the electromagnetic valve 141 provided in the discharge pipe 142 is operated to collect the aqueous solution. You may make it collect | recover in the container 143. Further, a pump 144 may be provided in place of the electromagnetic valve 141 to forcibly recover, or a manual operation valve may be provided to recover manually.

The means 150 for supplying an aqueous solution for new desalination has a supply tank 151, a solenoid valve 152 and a supply pipe 153. The supply tank 151 contains, for example, an aqueous solution for new desalination. The distillate obtained by the above-mentioned evaporative concentration treatment device is stored. The aqueous solution is supplied from the supply tank 151 to the desalination solution tank 131 via the supply pipe 153 by the operation of the electromagnetic valve 152. If a pump 154 is provided in the supply pipe 153 instead of the electromagnetic valve 152, the supply can be forcibly performed regardless of the location of the supply tank 151. Further, a manual operation valve may be provided to recover by manual operation. Good. Further, instead of using the supply tank 151, the distillate may be directly supplied from the evaporative concentration treatment apparatus to the desalination solution tank 131 through a pipe.

Thus, the desalting chamber 107 of the electrodialysis device
The aqueous solution is circulated through the tank, and when the water is desalted to a certain concentration, the aqueous solution is taken out, and an aqueous solution for new desalting is supplied, whereby efficient desalting is performed by a batch or circulation method.
In addition, it is preferable to carry out the recovery process in combination with the recovery of the volume of the concentrated liquid, because the ultimate desalination concentration is low.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the electrodialysis device,
This embodiment has means 160 for supplying an aqueous solution to the electrodialysis device to perform a transient treatment. The means 160 for supplying an aqueous solution to the electrodialysis device to perform a transient treatment has a desalination solution supply tank 161, a desalination solution supply pipe 162, a desalination solution discharge pipe 163, and a desalination solution discharge tank 164. The solenoid valve 165 is operated to feed the aqueous solution to the desalination solution supply pipe 162, and the aqueous solution is discharged from the desalination solution chamber 107 through the desalination solution discharge pipe 163. Collect in the tank 164. In this way, the aqueous solution is supplied to the electrodialyzer for the transient treatment, whereby the concentration of the concentrated liquid is stabilized.

In the electrodialysis apparatus shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the anode chamber 108 and the cathode chamber 109 of the electrodialysis tank 100 are used.
However, since the same concentrated solution is circulated as the concentrating chamber 106, a dedicated electrode solution is not required for each and the apparatus can be simplified.

When electrodialysis is performed by applying a high voltage in the electrodialysis apparatus shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the concentration curve A1 of the conductivity shown in FIG. 6 is obtained, while a low voltage is applied to perform electrodialysis. When dialysis is performed, a concentration curve B1 of conductivity is obtained.
Therefore, when a new aqueous solution is supplied to the electrodialysis device and a voltage is applied to the electrodialysis device to desalinize it to a certain concentration, as shown in FIG.
The DC voltage applied at 2 is increased to increase the desalination level.
That is, when the voltage is increased when desalination proceeds, desalination is accelerated, and the ultimate level can be made low, but if the voltage is high from the beginning, the current value will be high and a large power supply will be required, which will increase the size of the device. .. Therefore, when a fresh aqueous solution is supplied and a voltage is applied to the electrodialysis device to desalinize to a certain concentration, the DC voltage applied in the latter half of this desalination is increased.

At this time, the circulation flow rate of the concentrated liquid is larger than the supply flow rate of the aqueous solution, which is effective for lowering the desalination reaching concentration with a small circulation means.

Further, it is preferable that the aqueous solution is a condensate obtained by being treated by the evaporative concentration treatment apparatus and is an aqueous solution which does not substantially contain a component that clogs the cation exchange membrane and the anion exchange membrane. .. This electrodialyzer is particularly effective for an aqueous solution that does not cause membrane clogging, as compared with an aqueous solution containing a divalent metal ion such as Ca or Mg that causes the cation exchange membrane and the anion exchange membrane to clog.

Further, the aqueous solution may be heated to evaporate and concentrate, the resulting vapor may be cooled and condensed, and the condensate may be separated into a concentrate and clean water by an electrodialyzer.
It is very effective in processing.

Further, the aqueous solution is heated to evaporate and concentrate,
The means for cooling and condensing the vapor generated by this is a heat pump device in which the above-mentioned compressor, heat radiating portion, pressure reducing device, and heat absorbing portion are sequentially connected and the heat medium is sealed, and using the heat radiating portion and heat absorbing portion of this heat pump, Further, the evaporative concentration treatment apparatus is provided with a decompression means for decompressing the whole by putting the heating section and the cooling condensing section in communication with each other. To obtain a condensate, which is a preferable configuration for obtaining the condensate.

Control Mainly the control in the concentration processing apparatus of the photographic processing waste liquid of the present invention is (1) discharge of the photographic processing waste liquid to the stock tank (2) supply of the photographic processing waste liquid from the stock tank to the evaporative concentration processing apparatus (3) Operation of Evaporative Concentration Treatment Device (4) Regarding each item of treatment of evaporative concentration treatment waste liquid by electrodialysis treatment device, install it in an automatic processor at a photographic processing facility equipped with an automatic processor, or place it near it. To use. And, it is preferable that the photographic waste liquid is treated completely or largely by automatic control.

[0098]

As described above, the invention according to claim 1 is provided with an electrodialysis device in which a concentrating chamber and a desalting chamber are alternately formed, and a condensate is circulated in the concentrating chamber to provide an electrodialysis device. Since the volume of the concentrated liquid that is increased by operation is recovered, the concentrated liquid can be concentrated and recovered up to the limit concentration of electrodialysis regardless of the concentration of the aqueous solution.

Further, in the invention described in claim 2, since the aqueous solution is circulated in the desalting chamber, the aqueous solution is taken out when it is desalted to a certain concentration, and the aqueous solution for fresh desalting is supplied. It is preferable that efficient desalination can be carried out by a circulation system, and if the desalting concentration is reduced in combination with the recovery of the volume of the concentrated liquid.

[0100] According to a third aspect of the present invention, the concentrated solution is circulated between a concentrated solution tank which is held outside the electrodialysis device and a concentrated chamber of the electrodialysis device, and an overflow outlet of the concentrated solution tank overflows. Since the increased amount of the concentrated liquid is recovered as, the means for recovering the increased amount of the concentrated liquid is concrete and preferable, and the apparatus is simplified.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the aqueous solution is supplied to the desalting chamber of the electrodialyzer for transient treatment, the concentration of the concentrated solution is stabilized.

According to the fifth aspect of the invention, since the same concentrated liquid as the concentrating chamber circulates in the anode chamber and the cathode chamber of the electrodialysis device, no electrode liquid is required and the device can be simplified.

According to the sixth aspect of the invention, when a fresh aqueous solution is supplied and a voltage is applied to the electrodialyzer to desalinize it to a certain concentration, the applied voltage is increased in the latter half of the desalting process. If the voltage is raised when the desalination progresses, the desalination is accelerated, and the ultimate level can be reduced to a low concentration. As a result, when the voltage is high from the beginning, the current value becomes high and a large power supply is required. Therefore, the device is prevented from increasing in size.

The invention according to claim 7 is effective for lowering the desalination reaching concentration, because the circulation flow rate of the concentrated liquid is larger than the desalination circulation flow rate of the aqueous solution.

According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, since the aqueous solution containing substantially no component that clogs the cation exchange membrane and the anion exchange membrane is treated by the concentration treatment device, the electrodialysis device It is particularly effective for an aqueous solution that does not cause film clogging, as compared with an aqueous solution that contains a divalent metal ion such as Ca or Mg that causes the film to clog.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, the aqueous solution is heated to evaporate and condense, the vapor generated thereby is cooled and condensed, and the condensate is treated by a concentrating treatment device to transform the aqueous solution into a concentrate and clean water. Since it is separated, it is very effective for treatment when the aqueous solution is a condensate.

Further, the invention according to claim 10 is a heat pump apparatus, in which vapor produced by heating and evaporating and concentrating an aqueous solution is cooled and condensed to obtain a condensate, which is a preferable constitution for obtaining the condensate. is there.

The invention according to claim 11 is the invention according to claim 9.
Alternatively, the aqueous solution according to claim 10 is a photographic processing waste solution,
The photographic processing waste liquid is concentrated and clears the pollution control values in areas with severe pollution control, and the aqueous solution can be discharged to general rivers and the sea.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an automatic processor for a color negative film.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an evaporative concentration treatment apparatus.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an electrodialysis device.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a means for collecting an increased amount of concentrated liquid in the electrodialysis device.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of another electrodialysis device.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the electric conductivity when the applied voltage to the electrodialysis device is constant.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the electric conductivity when the applied voltage of the electrodialysis device is switched.

[Explanation of symbols]

103 Cation Exchange Membrane 104 Anion Exchange Membrane 105 Chamber Frame 106 Concentration Chamber 107 Desalting Chamber 110 Means for Circulating the Concentrated Liquid to the Concentrated Chamber 106 120 The volume of the concentrated liquid increased by operating the electrodialysis device Means of collecting

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁵ Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical indication C02F 9/00 Z 8515-4D G03C 5/00 A

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A cation exchange membrane and an anion exchange membrane are alternately arranged between electrodes via a chamber frame, and a concentrating chamber and a desalting chamber are alternately formed by these ion exchange membranes and the chamber frame. An aqueous solution comprising an electrodialyzer, and means for circulating a concentrated solution to the concentrating chamber, and means for recovering a volume of the concentrated solution that is increased by operating the electrodialyzer. Concentration treatment equipment. 2. A means for circulating an aqueous solution in the desalting chamber, a means for taking out the aqueous solution when desalted to a certain concentration, and a means for supplying an aqueous solution for new desalting. The apparatus for concentrating an aqueous solution according to claim 1, wherein 3. A concentrated liquid tank for holding the concentrated liquid outside the electrodialysis device is installed, and the concentrated liquid is circulated from the concentrated liquid tank to a concentration chamber of the electrodialysis device by a circulation means. The apparatus for concentrating an aqueous solution according to claim 1, wherein an overflow outlet is provided in the concentrated liquid tank to collect an increased amount of the concentrated liquid as an overflow. 4. The apparatus for concentrating an aqueous solution according to claim 1, further comprising means for passing the aqueous solution through a desalting chamber of the electrodialysis device in one pass to perform a transient treatment. 5. The apparatus for concentrating aqueous solution according to claim 1, wherein the same concentrating liquid is circulated as the concentrating chamber in the anode chamber and the cathode chamber of the electrodialysis device. .. 6. A method for supplying a fresh aqueous solution and applying a voltage to the electrodialyzer to increase the voltage applied in the latter half of the desalting process when desalting to a certain concentration. The aqueous solution concentration treatment device described. 7. The circulating flow rate of the concentrated liquid is higher than the circulating flow rate of the aqueous solution in a demineralizing chamber.
The aqueous solution concentration treatment device described. 8. An aqueous solution that does not substantially contain a component that clogs the cation exchange membrane and the anion exchange membrane is treated with the aqueous solution concentration treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7. A method for concentrating an aqueous solution, which comprises: 9. The aqueous solution is heated to evaporate and concentrate, and the vapor generated thereby is cooled and condensed, and the condensate is treated with the aqueous solution concentration treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, A method for concentrating an aqueous solution, which comprises separating the aqueous solution into a concentrate and clean water. 10. A means for heating and condensing the aqueous solution to evaporate and condense, and a means for cooling and condensing the vapor produced thereby are a heating means for an evaporating vessel for evaporating and concentrating the aqueous solution and a cooling means for a cooling vessel for cooling and liquefying the vapor. , A compressor, a heat radiating section, a pressure reducing device, and a heat absorbing section are sequentially connected, and the heat radiating section and the heat absorbing section of a heat pump device in which a heat medium is sealed are used to decompress the whole by placing the evaporator tank and the cooling tank in a communication state. The method for concentrating an aqueous solution according to claim 9, further comprising means. 11. A method for concentrating an aqueous solution, wherein the aqueous solution according to claim 9 or 10 is a photographic processing waste solution.