JPH05179708A - Construction of shell structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To construct a shell structure with high efficiency regardless of the framed structure of the shell structure by utilizing the structural characteristics of long structural parts. CONSTITUTION:A domed roof 1 as shell structure is constructed by connecting two or more directed long structural parts 2 at their crossing points 3. In the first place, the positions of the crossing points 3 on the curved face of the domed roof 1 are calculated by computers to obtain the positions of the points 3 on the parts 2, the distance between the points 3, and the angles of the parts 2 on the points 3. In constructing the shell structure, the adjacent points 3 are orderly connected by bolts or by welding, and in case where the points 3 to be connected are biased in position, the parts 2 are given bending or distortion deformation and the domed roof 1 is built up while forming a given shell curved face gradually.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for constructing a shell structure used as a roof structure or the like, and more particularly to a method for assembling a structural member constituting a framework of the shell structure into a predetermined curved shape.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A shell structure having a net-shaped frame has a rigid structure of a three-dimensional truss type, and the intersections of bi-directional steel aggregates are detachably connected and fixed to each other, and a necessary position is tightened with a tension rod. Cage structure steel shell (Japanese Patent Publication No. 36-8775)
(See Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 62), a combination of two-way cables crossed in a lattice pattern with a membrane structure, and a plurality of suspension strips and a plurality of holding strips intersecting with the suspension strips. No. 242035, JP-A-62-242036
(See Japanese Patent Publication). In addition to this, Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-3979
In the gazette, as a steel plate knitting construction method, the intersections of thin strip-shaped iron plates arranged in two directions are bolted to form a structure with a kamaboko shape, and a square formwork is constructed on the weir plate of iron plates and veneer plates However, a construction method for placing concrete and constructing a waterproof layer is disclosed.

In addition, in the Japanese Patent Application No. 1-508737 (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-802233), the applicant knitted a thin plate material in two or more directions in a net shape, or made the same connection as knitted. We have proposed a shell structure and a construction method for it, which utilize the ease of bending and twisting of a thin plate material to form a curved surface as a shell frame, and lift up a thin plate material assembled in a planographic shape. However, there is disclosed a method in which a three-dimensional shell structure is assembled by deforming or sequentially forming chords on a predetermined section of a thin plate to form a curved surface.

[0004]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention
Although Japanese Patent No. 8775 describes that an angle is used as a steel aggregate, it is expected that an economical effect due to weight reduction is obtained, and workability is not considered so much. Further, since the structure according to the invention described in JP-A-62-242035 and JP-A-62-242036 is a structure in which one of the strips arranged in two directions is used as a suspending member and the other is used as a pressing member, There is little freedom in designing the roof shape, and construction becomes complicated. In addition, Japanese Patent Publication 31-39
In the invention described in Japanese Patent No. 79, a thin iron plate is used as a part of a mold having a complicated structure, which makes the construction complicated. Further, all of them are assembled according to a predetermined shape, and basically, like a shell having a truss structure, there is little freedom in forming a curved surface.

Further, in the conventional shell having a general three-dimensional truss structure, high accuracy is required for each member size and the like, and there is a problem in economical efficiency and workability.

Further, in the conventional shell structure and construction method, when the scale of the shell structure becomes large, there is a problem that a large amount of temporary material is required for supporting work and scaffolding, and the construction period becomes very long.

The present invention is intended to solve the above-described problems of the prior art, and when the shell structure of the shell structure is formed by intersecting structural members in two or more directions, its structural characteristics The present invention provides a method for efficiently constructing a shell structure of a shell structure regardless of scale.

[0008]

According to the method of constructing a shell structure of the present invention, when the frame of the shell structure is formed by intersecting structural members in two or more directions, the structural members intersect each other on the shell curved surface. The node positions to be used are obtained in advance in space and on the structural member. That is, the inter-node length of each structural member, the intersection angle at each node, and the like are calculated from the mesh on the curved surface that is planned in advance, and the nodes and the like of each structural member are processed based on the calculation.

When assembling the skeleton, the structural members are sequentially joined from the adjacent node points on the structural member which are obtained in advance. At this time, the structural member is given a predetermined bending or twisting according to the curved surface shape of the shell, or is given in advance, and the skeleton is sequentially assembled from one point or a plurality of points on the shell curved surface.

It should be noted that the nodes may be sequentially joined from the adjacent nodes, but the order may be slightly changed depending on the case, and the point is that a predetermined shell curved surface is sequentially formed from a certain node position (single or plural). Join them to obtain them.

As a structural member cross section suitable for the construction method of the present invention, the bending rigidity in the weak axis direction and the torsional rigidity of the member are sufficiently smaller than the bending rigidity in the strong axis direction in the member cross section of the structural member. desirable. That is, a cross-sectional shape is suitable in which it is easy to apply a predetermined bending or twisting to the structural members when sequentially joining the structural members from the adjacent node points.

Specific examples include a long member made of a thin plate material having a certain width such as a strip steel plate. In addition to steel materials, other metal materials, reinforced plastic materials,
Wood or the like may be used. Furthermore, as long as it can be bent or twisted into a predetermined shape when sequentially assembled, flange-shaped ribs may be provided at both ends in the width direction of the thin plate material,
When using a joining means such as a bolt, it is possible to compensate for a cross-section defect.

Further, in the case of a very large shell structure, for example, when the structural member itself has a large cross section such as a truss structure, the cross section of the truss structure or the like is made wide or thin, or the truss structure is Cross-sectional rigidity of the constituent members,
It is conceivable that the bending rigidity of the structural member in the weak axis direction and the torsional rigidity of the member are made sufficiently smaller than the bending rigidity in the strong axis direction by devising a combination.

When the bending rigidity of the structural member in the weak axis direction and the torsional rigidity of the member are made sufficiently smaller than the bending rigidity in the strong axis direction, the target shell curved surface is meshed with a plurality of planes. If each of the structural members is arranged so as to be continuous at the cutting position on the shell curved surface, the structural members will be bent and twisted in the weak axis direction on the substantially curved surface when joining the nodes in sequence. It can be placed on and can be easily installed.

If it is desired to have a certain degree of rigidity in the weak axis direction as well, the structural members are bent or twisted in such a way that they are straightened before construction, and the structural members are successively approached in that state. It may be possible to join from the joint point. Further, by preliminarily processing the strong axis direction, various mesh shapes are possible, and the degree of freedom of the mesh shape on the shell curved surface is increased.

Regarding the joining of intersecting structural members at a node, for example, when a thin plate material is used as the structural member, the thin plate members in different directions overlap each other at the node point, and usually the faces are in contact with each other to join the parts. However, other members may intervene between them, or a slight gap may occur depending on the joining conditions.

The peripheral portion of the shell structure is restrained, for example, like a rattle so that a predetermined shell shape can be maintained. In addition, it is also possible to release a part of the periphery from rattling. In addition, in order to prevent large deformation due to wind and earthquake when the frame is assembled, if necessary, add braces to part or all of the frame of the shell structure, or use wire or other tension material to suppress deformation. It is also possible.

Examples of the overall shape of the shell structure include spheres, cylinders, HP shells, and various curved roofs. Further, a membrane-structured roof can be formed by attaching the membrane material to the frame of the shell structure.

Further, in the present invention, in principle, the structural member is considered to be continuous over several nodes or between a number of nodes. However, for example, a structural member that partially connects only two nodes may be used. It does not matter to enter. In addition, the structural member may be cut into a predetermined size when it is carried into the site, and the joining of continuous members,
That is, the joining of the structural members in the longitudinal direction can be performed by welding, bolt joining, or the like. Is this joint the full strength of the members,
Or, it is desirable to join with strength close to it.

In the construction, in order to construct the shell-structured frame at a predetermined position, some parts of the net-shaped frame are lifted up and finally fixed by sliding it to a predetermined peripheral position. Is also possible. In addition, in the case of reinforcement with braces or chords, it is conceivable to build up a three-dimensional shell frame by joining the predetermined sections of the structural member with chords while sequentially joining the nodes.

Further, when applied to a shell structure having a reinforced concrete structure, a frame composed of structural members intersecting in a mesh shape can be used instead of the reinforcing bar, or can be used together with the reinforcing bar as a reinforcing material for concrete.

[0022]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment in which the construction method of the present invention is applied to the construction of a dome roof frame as a shell structure.

FIG. 1 (a) shows the assembled state. In this embodiment, a plurality of structural members 2 are provided in two directions.
Are crossed in a grid pattern and the nodes 3 at which they intersect are joined to form the dome roof 1. In the present invention, the positions of the nodes 3 on the curved surface of the three-dimensional dome roof 1 are calculated using a computer or the like, and the positions of the nodes 3 on the structural member 2, the distance between the nodes 3 and the positions of the nodes 3 are calculated. The angle and the like of the structural member 2 are obtained in advance.

FIG. 1 (b) shows the calculation result as a developed view, which corresponds to the point A and the point Z in FIG. 1 (a).

In the construction, the structural members 2 are arranged as shown in FIG. 1 (b), and the joints 3 are processed for joining or simply marked so that the adjacent joints are sequentially crossed. The joint points 3 of the structural members 2 to be joined are joined by bolting or welding. For example, in the case of the present embodiment, if the joining is started from the node 3 at the position of the point A in the state of FIG. 1 (b), the joining can be easily performed at the point A without deforming each constituent member 2. You can Subsequently, in the unfolded state of FIG. 1 (b), while gradually forming a predetermined shell curved surface shape by sequentially joining from a position where there is little displacement of the node 3 to be joined, that is, a position close to the point A. , Can be assembled.

When the positions of the nodes 3 to be joined are deviated, it is naturally necessary to bend or twist the structural member 2 to align the positions of the nodes 3.
Compared with the bending rigidity in the strong axis direction, such as a strip steel plate with a small thickness,
By using a member having sufficiently small bending rigidity in the weak axis direction and torsional rigidity of the member, a certain amount of deformation can be obtained by its own weight only by lifting up a portion already joined in a mesh shape, and the node 3 can be easily deformed. The positions can be aligned and bolt joining or welding can be performed.

Further, since it is usually not easy to bend the structural member 2 in the strong axis direction, in the present embodiment, on a shell curved surface obtained by cutting each structural member 2 in a predetermined plane in space, that is, on the shell curved surface. By determining the shell shape so that it becomes a continuous member, it is possible to deal with bending and twisting in the weak axis direction. FIG. 2 shows this at one node 3, and the thin-walled bidirectional structural members 2 intersecting each other are in contact with each other at their surfaces, and the joining is performed in a state where bending and twisting in the weak axis direction are applied. Done. As is clear from FIG. 1, the bending and twisting are substantially uniform over the entire structural member because the structural member is a continuous member that is continuous across the plurality of nodes 3, and local stress concentration is achieved. Can be avoided. In addition, although the joining method is not particularly shown in FIG. 2,
There are cases where only the central portion is fixed with bolts for the purpose of positioning mainly, several points of the joint surface are fixed with bolts or welding for the purpose of securely fixing the nodes. In the former case, joining is performed with some degree of freedom left at the node 3 position, whereas in the latter case, joining is not allowed at the node 3. In addition, the joining method is not particularly limited.

The embodiment of FIG. 1 is a case where the curved surface shape of the shell is a relatively simple shape, but in the present invention, the position of the node 3 in the space is grasped in advance and it is expanded on the structural member 2. It can be easily applied to shells with complicated shapes. FIG. 3 shows an example in which the shell curved surface shape is complicated. The structural member 2 and the nodes 3 shown in the development view of FIG. 3 (b) are shown.
By sequentially joining the nodes 3 according to the arrangement of
The curved surface shape of (a) is obtained.

[0029]

[Effects of the Invention] By continuously joining structural members in two or more continuous directions across the shell curved surface in a predetermined bending and / or twisting manner, from adjacent node points, the efficiency is improved. Good construction can be done.

The nodal point of the structural member is obtained by calculating the inter-nodal length of each structural member, the intersection angle at the nodal point, etc. from the planned mesh of curved surface, and the processing of each structural member is performed based on the calculation. By doing so, field work is greatly simplified.

Since it is a method of sequentially joining from adjacent node points, it can be assembled on the ground to a certain extent, and dangerous high-altitude work can be reduced and temporary equipment such as support work can be reduced. it can.

Since the structure is assembled while utilizing the bending performance and the twisting performance of the structural member, there is no problem that the assembly is difficult due to an error in dimensional accuracy as in the case of the truss structure.

As a general rule, since a continuous structural member having a substantially uniform material and cross section is used, the number of members to be handled is small at the time of construction, and accordingly the construction equipment also includes the number of lifting devices, their arrangement, and other devices. The work can be greatly simplified.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention, (a) is a perspective view of a frame assembled, and (b) is a development view showing positions of nodes on a structural member before joining the nodes. is there.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a relationship between intersecting structural members in the embodiment of FIG.

3A and 3B show another embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 3A is a perspective view of a frame assembled, and FIG. 3B is a development view showing the positions of the nodes on the structural member before joining the nodes. Is.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 ... Dome roof, 2 ... Structural member, 3 ... Node

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A node position at which two or more structural members constituting a frame of a shell structure intersect on a shell curved surface is determined in advance in space and on the structural member, and they are close to each other on the structural member. A method for constructing a shell structure, wherein the structural members are assembled into a predetermined curved shape in a state of being bent and / or twisted by sequentially joining the structural members from the nodal points. 2. The method for constructing a shell structure according to claim 1, wherein each of the structural members is a member continuous on a shell curved surface obtained by cutting the shell curved surface with a predetermined plane. 3. The shell structure according to claim 1, wherein the structural member is a member whose bending rigidity in a weak axis direction and torsional rigidity of the member are sufficiently small as compared with bending rigidity in a strong axis direction in a member cross section. How to build. 4. The method for constructing a shell structure according to claim 3, wherein the structural member is a long thin plate material.