JPH05179229A - Strong acid composition - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a readily handleable strong acid composition having high safety even if the acid is a strong acid. CONSTITUTION:Seawater is acidified and a strong alkali is added thereto to provide a high pH. In the process, formed precipitates are removed to afford a solution, which is then concentrated to provide a solid. The obtained solid is kneaded with a calcium compound and concentrated sulfuric acid is further kneaded therewith. Since the resultant composition is a solid, transportation is facilitated without adversely affecting human bodies. This composition can be used for various industries, especially as reforming agents for fuels, pH modifiers for treating waste liquors such as waste coolants, sludges and livestock excreta.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to adjusting the pH of a fuel reformer for improving the thermal efficiency of petroleum fuels such as gasoline and light oil and reducing the generation of harmful exhaust gas during combustion. The present invention relates to a strong acid composition for adjusting pH by adding it to various other substances.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Sea water is known to contain various metals and halogen elements in addition to Na and Cl, but at present, what is recovered as a mineral resource and used as an effective substance is Only a few species are known, and active use of active ingredients in seawater has not been attempted. The present inventor has already focused on the effective use of components contained in seawater and has improved fuel efficiency by adding it to gasoline or diesel oil used as fuel for spark ignition engines such as automobile engines and diesel engines (compression ignition engines). , H in the exhaust gas
A fuel modifier for reducing C, CO, etc. has been developed (JP-A-1-279994). The fuel modifier is a solid substance obtained by removing water from a solution obtained by dissolving a reaction product of oil and a strong alkaline agent in seawater, and a solution obtained by dissolving it in a solvent compatible with the applied fuel.

The present applicant has also developed a "salt separation method in seawater" in which the content of seawater is separated by adjusting the pH of seawater, and various kinds of products obtained thereby are being utilized (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-242242). JP-A-64-47492). On the other hand, an aqueous solution obtained by adding 3 to 5% concentrated sulfuric acid to remove a precipitate in an aqueous solution in which activated calcium phosphate is dissolved is a strong acid having a pH of about 0.2, but unlike a deleterious substance such as sulfuric acid, It can be used as an easy-to-handle acid (hereinafter referred to as P-S acid) that is safe and has no abnormalities even if it touches the skin. Therefore, it has been used to adjust pH by adding it to various industrial substances.

[0004]

However, although the fuel reforming agent itself functions as a fuel reforming agent,
Since it is extremely basic, if the amount added to the fuel is erroneously controlled, there is a problem that it reacts with the fuel to produce a reaction product, which causes clogging of the fuel supply system. In addition, although P-S acid has a high solubility in an inorganic material and is convenient, it takes a long time to dissolve in an organic material, and there are many inconveniences because it is a liquid in transportation and transportation.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned drawbacks, is soluble in any liquid, organic or inorganic, has high safety, is easy to handle and transport, and can be applied to a fuel modifier. An object of the present invention is to provide a pH adjuster that can be used as a fuel modifier applicable to any internal combustion engine.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, the strong acid composition of the present invention is a mixture of a calcium compound and concentrated sulfuric acid. Further, the calcium compound may contain a solid obtained by acidifying seawater and then adding a strong alkaline agent to raise the pH to remove a precipitate formed at that time, and concentrating a solution obtained. ..

The strong acid composition of the present invention will be described in detail below. In the strong acid composition of the present invention, the solid (1) obtained from seawater can be obtained by the method disclosed in the "method for separating salt of seawater" (Japanese Patent Application No. 62-201578) already proposed by the present inventor. it can. A method for separating this solid (1) from seawater will be described. First, seawater is adjusted to a low pH with a strong acid containing sulfate ions, and then a strong alkaline agent is added to bring it to a high pH, and the precipitate formed at that time and the solution are separated.

As the strong acid containing sulfate ion, a few% of dilute sulfuric acid can be used, but 3-5% concentrated sulfuric acid is added to an aqueous solution in which activated calcium phosphate is dissolved to form a precipitate. The removed aqueous solution (hereinafter abbreviated as P-S acid) can be used. This P-S acid has a pH of 0.2.
It has a strong acidity to some extent, but unlike a deleterious substance such as sulfuric acid, it can be used as a highly safe acid that is easy to handle with no abnormalities even if it touches the skin. It is possible to adjust the pH of seawater to a low pH of 2 or less by adding a few% of dilute sulfuric acid or P-S acid to seawater and allowing it to stand for 2-3 hours. At this time, almost no precipitate is generated, but some precipitate is removed together with the suspended matter in the original seawater by means such as filtration.

Next, the strong alkaline agent is for neutralizing the seawater once adjusted to a low pH to further increase the pH, and thereby alkaline earth metals and other metals whose solubility decreases at high pH. Precipitate salts such as sulfates of. As such a strong alkaline agent, sodium hydroxide as it is or a solution obtained by adding sodium hydroxide to an aqueous solution of calcium oxide (hereinafter, abbreviated as Ca-Na aqueous solution) and the like are used.

The amount of the strong alkaline agent may be an amount that can achieve the above-mentioned object or more. Usually, 3% of sodium hydroxide (solid) is added to seawater, and about 5% of Ca-Na aqueous solution is added. Leave for 10 hours or more. As a result, the seawater exhibits a basicity of pH 13 or higher and precipitates are formed. The solution after removal of the precipitate has a similar amount of alkali metal ions to seawater, but less alkaline earth metal ions such as Ca and Mg, and a base containing mainly hydroxide ion and chloride ion as anions. Aqueous solution. When this solution is heated and boiled until it becomes 10% to 1.5% and concentrated, a precipitate precipitates. The target solid (1) is obtained by drying this precipitate. This solid (1)
Table 1 shows the results of elemental analysis of the above.

As is clear from Table 1, the solid (1) is a basic substance mainly containing Na, Mg, K and Ca.

[0012]

[Table 1]

Next, as the calcium compound to be kneaded with the solid (1), calcium phosphate, particularly bone fragments of beef, pork, sheep, etc., which have been burned at high temperature to remove fleshy and fatty substances, are used at 700 ° C. or higher. A baked product of baked bone can be used. Table 2 shows the fired product obtained by firing the bones of cattle. The solid (1) obtained from seawater and the calcium compound are 2: 1 to
Mix in a weight ratio of about 1: 2.

[0014]

[Table 2]

The resulting kneaded product and concentrated sulfuric acid are kneaded in a weight ratio of 1: 3 to 1: 7, preferably 1: 5. The strong acid composition thus obtained is highly safe, unlike a deleterious substance such as sulfuric acid, and is very easy to transport and handle because it is a solid. Moreover, 1 g of this strong acid composition
When it is dissolved in water, it exhibits a strong acidity of pH 2.1 and is soluble in both organic and inorganic substances. Therefore, it can be applied to various solutions and solid pH adjusters.

[0016] For example, it is preferably added to a fuel modifier or various industrial substances for pH adjustment. In particular, when pH of industrial waste liquid or waste coolant is adjusted or when it is added to highly alkaline sludge around the concrete wall, colloidal sludge is solidified well and can be easily treated. In addition, it can be used for treatment of urine and the like during livestock production, and the occurrence of livestock pollution can be suppressed.

When this strong acid composition is used to neutralize a strongly basic fuel modifier (described in JP-A-1-84533), it should be added directly to fuels such as gasoline, heavy oil, and light oil. Can be used by The amount of addition depends on the fuel applied, but for gasoline, for example, 0.1-0.5%,
Addition of 0.3 to 1% for light oil and 1% or more for heavy oil can prevent clogging. The addition of the modifier significantly improves the fuel state of any fuel and reduces the generation of harmful exhaust gas such as HC and CO.

Further, it can be suitably used for treating a waste coolant after a coolant, which is a coolant mixed with a lubricant, is supplied by an industrial cutting machine to perform a metal cutting operation. The amount of the waste coolant treated depends on the pH and type of the waste water to be treated, but the strong acid composition is added so that the pH of the waste coolant is 3 or less. When the strong acid composition is added and stirred, the oil component dispersed in the waste coolant is separated cleanly. Thereafter, an alkaline agent is added to collect and precipitate a gel-like solid, which can be completely solid-liquid separated for treatment.

[Examples] Examples will be described below.
50 g of powder containing calcium phosphate as a main component, which is a burned material of animal bone, was dissolved in 1 liter of fresh water to obtain an aqueous solution having a pH of 13 or more. 5% concentrated sulfuric acid was added to the aqueous solution to bring the pH to 0.2.
Was prepared.

To 500 liters of seawater, 10 liters of the above P-S acid
Was added and the mixture was allowed to stand for 3 hours, and then the insoluble matter was removed by filtration. This brought the pH of seawater to 1.6. Then low p
15 kg of sodium hydroxide was added to 500 liters of H-seawater and left for 10 hours. At this time, the pH of the solution after filtering off the formed precipitate was 13.4. 10 l of this solution was heated to remove water, and a precipitate was formed by concentrating 1.5 l of the solution. Water was removed from this precipitate to obtain 300 g of solid (1).

1 g of the kneaded product obtained by mixing the solid (1) with a calcium compound containing calcium phosphate, which is a calcined product of animal bones, as a main component and 5 g of concentrated sulfuric acid are well mixed. Then, a strong acid composition was obtained. [Specific Example] A specific example in which the strong acid composition of the present invention obtained as described above is applied to a fuel modifier will be described.

The fuel modifier described in JP-A-1-84533 was prepared to obtain a solution (a). 10 g / l of the strong acid composition of the present invention was added to and dissolved in this solution to obtain a fuel modifier. Concrete Example 1 A running test was conducted by adding 0.3% of the above modifier to gasoline in a gasoline engine vehicle having a total displacement of 1600 cc. Table 3 shows the HC and CO contents in the exhaust gas and the fuel efficiency after addition of the modifier.

Table 3 also shows the results of the running test in the case where the modifier of the present invention was not used in the same type of gasoline vehicle (Comparative Example 1).

[0024]

[Table 3]

Concrete Example 2 A running test was conducted by adding 0.3% of the above modifier to light oil to a 2t truck which is a diesel engine vehicle. Table 4 shows the amount of black smoke in the exhaust gas after adding the modifier and the fuel efficiency. Table 4 also shows the results of the running test in the case where the modifier of the present invention is not used in the diesel vehicle of the same model (Comparative Example 2).

[0026]

[Table 4]

Further, other specific examples using the strong acid composition of the present invention will be described. A strong acid composition (1%) was added to the waste coolant, and the mixture was stirred for 20 minutes by a stirrer and then left for 2 hours to remove the separated oil. Thereafter, 5% of an alkaline agent was added to the solid-liquid layer, the mixture was stirred for 20 minutes by a stirrer, and then left for 2 hours to separate a precipitate from the solid-liquid layer. The whole process could be completed in 6 to 7 hours.

Further, when adjusting the pH of seawater to a low pH in the method of separating salt in seawater (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 64-47492) relating to the present applicant, if 0.1 to 0.15% of seawater is used, P −
The desired pH can be achieved with a smaller amount than S acid. Also,
When 2% of the alkaline agent is added to the flux discharge liquid generated during soldering, and 0.5% of the strong acid composition is added, the discharge liquid is divided into a clean transparent liquid layer and a precipitate, and the pH of the liquid layer is slightly adjusted. After several hours of treatment, the drainage was suitable for the drainage standard.

When the cleaning effluent was mixed with an alkaline agent and a strong acid composition and added at 0.5% and stirred, the precipitate and the supernatant were separated cleanly, and the supernatant became transparent with almost no odor or coloring. ..

[0030]

As is clear from the above description, according to the strong acid composition of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a highly safe acid which is easy to handle, unlike a deleterious substance such as sulfuric acid even if it is strongly acidic. .. Since it is a solid, it is easy to transport and can be used in various industries. In particular, when it is used as a fuel modifier or the like, clogging does not occur even for a long period of time. Further, not only the fuel modifier but also the waste liquid of the factory, the sludge, the excrement of livestock, etc. can be used as a pH adjusting agent and can be effectively treated.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A strong acid composition obtained by kneading a calcium compound and concentrated sulfuric acid. 2. A solution obtained by concentrating a solution obtained by acidifying seawater, and then adding a strong alkaline agent to adjust the pH to high to remove a precipitate formed at that time. A strong acid composition according to item 1.