JPH0517072B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a pitch adjustment device for a variable pitch propeller that generates thrust by rotating a propeller in a fluid.

(Prior Art) Conventional propulsion devices for ships include blades attached perpendicular to the propeller rotation axis and the pitch of the blades changed all at once to increase or decrease the thrust of the ship.
Usually exists as a variable pitch propeller. In addition, the vane propeller, which has an airfoil that rotates around a vertical axis, has a rotary disk on the bottom of the ship, and a plurality of blades are directed downward at right angles to the disk in a circular motion. Conventionally, the blades are arranged near the periphery and the pitch of the blades is changed during rotation to generate thrust and maneuver the ship.

By combining the former type of propulsion device that changes the pitch of the blades all at once, and the latter type of technology that changes the pitch of each blade in one cycle during one propeller revolution, the direction of thrust is aligned with the rotation axis. Variable pitch propellers that can change not only the direction but also the diagonal direction have already been invented and applied for.

FIG. 3 is a side sectional view showing the outline thereof, and FIG. 4 is a BB sectional view of FIG. 3. The blade 1 has a blade shaft 2 at its base, and the blade 1 is attached to a boss 4 at an angle of inclination of, for example, 45° to the shaft core 3. The blade shaft 2 is supported by a bearing so that the blade can rotate. Along the propeller shaft 5, the same number of variable rods 6 as the blades 1 pass through the propeller boss 4 and forward (to the right in the figure).
It will be extended to The left end of each variable rod 6 is connected to the vane shaft 2 in the boss via a crank mechanism 7, and the right end is connected to a swash plate 8. This swash plate 8 is provided on the propeller shaft 5 via a sleeve 9, and the sleeve 9 can slide on the propeller shaft along the propeller shaft.
The sleeve 9 and the swash plate 8 are slidably supported with the center portion of the swash plate 8 fitted into a spherical surface provided on the outer periphery of the sleeve.

The propeller shaft 5 is driven by a prime mover 14,
The sleeve 9 is moved to the lever 1 by the actuator 10.
The blades 1 can be moved back and forth through the swash plate 8, and the pitch of the blades 1 can be changed by the same amount by moving the variable rods 6 all at once through the swash plate 8. Further, the swash plate 8 can be tilted together with the support ring 12 by the actuator 13.

The parts that rotate together with the propeller shaft are the propeller boss 4, the variable rod 6 following the blades 1, and the swash plate 8. The parts that do not rotate are the sleeve 9, the support ring 12, and the actuator 1 connected thereto.
0, 13 and lever 11. Therefore, a sliding surface is formed between the sleeve 9 and the propeller shaft 5, and between the swash plate 8 and the sleeve 9. Support ring 1
2 and the swath plate 8, the support ring 12 does not rotate due to a bearing, and the swath plate 8
rotates and always maintains the same plane position with the same axis. As shown in FIG. 4, the support ring 12 has operating points X and Y separated from each other, and a pair of actuators 13 can move the operating points X and Y in the direction of the propeller axis 3. When you move the X point, the support ring 12 moves to y
- It tilts around the y axis, and when you move the Y point, it tilts around the x-x axis, so by these combinations, the support ring 1
2 can be tilted in any direction and at any angle. While the swash plate 8 is rotating together with the propeller shaft 5, if the support ring 12 is tilted, the swash plate 8 will also tilt along with it and continue rotating. As the shaft 5 rotates, 1 for each rotation.
A reciprocating motion in the axial direction of the cycle is performed to cause a cyclic pitch change in the blade 1. The position and size on the circumference of the maximum and minimum pitch of the cyclic pitch of the blade 1 are determined by the amount of movement of the X point and the Y point, and the blade 1 is driven by the cyclic pitch of the blade 1 into a propeller like the above-mentioned blade wheel propeller. A thrust in a direction perpendicular to the propeller shaft 3 is generated, and the direction and magnitude of the thrust on a plane orthogonal to the propeller shaft 3 are also adjusted as cyclic pitch control.

Since the thrust in the three directions of the propeller axis and the thrust in the orthogonal direction can be adjusted individually, the resultant force can be made into a thrust in any three-dimensional direction.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In the structure of the above-mentioned application, the length of the sleeve becomes long because the mechanism for moving the sleeve back and forth and the connecting part between the swath plate and the sleeve are spherical. Another problem is that because the spherical surface causes the swash plate to slide and tilt back and forth for each rotation of the propeller shaft, friction is severe and wear life is significantly shortened.

The present invention is designed to avoid the use of such sleeves, thus completely eliminating possible wear.

(Means for Solving the Problems) This invention provides for the blades to be mounted so as to be inclined rearward from a plane perpendicular to the propeller rotation axis, the pitch of the blades to be variable, and each blade shaft to be mounted in the propeller boss by a crank mechanism. Connect to the prong rod through
In the structure in which the variable rod is attached to a swash plate fitted to the propeller rotation shaft, the swash plate is rotatably supported by a support ring while maintaining a common axis with the propeller rotation shaft, and the support ring is supported on the inside of the gimbal by upper and lower support shafts, and the outside of the gimbal is supported by horizontal support shafts at both ends of the left and right bifurcated lever hardware, and the lever hardware itself is fixed at both sides. It is supported by a bearing so as to be able to swing back and forth, and the central part of the lever hardware is connected to an actuator that operates in the back and forth direction, and at the same time, it is connected to two points located 90 degrees apart on the circumference of the support ring in the front and back direction. A pitch adjustment device for a variable pitch propeller, characterized in that another set of actuators is connected to the variable pitch propeller.

(Function) This invention installs blades inclined backward from a plane perpendicular to the propeller rotation axis, makes the pitch of the blades variable, and connects each blade shaft to a variable rod via a crank mechanism within the propeller boss. , in which the variable rod is attached to a swash plate fitted to the propeller rotation shaft, there is a space between the swash plate and the propeller rotation shaft,
It is rotatably supported by a support ring while maintaining a common axis with the propeller rotation axis, and the variable rod and propeller rotation axis rotate together. The pitch of the blades is determined by the position and inclination of the swath plate. The position and inclination of the swash plate are determined by a support ring supported on the outer periphery, and the support ring is attached to a lever hardware supported on the hull via a gimbal and controlled by two types of actuators. Be manipulated. That is, when the central part of the bifurcated lever hardware is moved by an actuator, the position of the gimbal is moved in the opposite direction using a fixed bearing supported on the hull as a fulcrum, and the position of the swash plate is moved back and forth. At this time, if the operation of the other actuators is followed so as to maintain the inclination of the support ring, the deflection rods will all move by the same amount, so that the blade pitch can be deflected in the same direction. Furthermore, by operating only the actuators connected to two points separated by 90 degrees on the circumference of the support ring, the inclination angle of the swath plate can be changed by 180 degrees in all directions. In this way, the amount and direction of thrust can be adjusted by arbitrarily adjusting the amount of reciprocating movement of the variable rod during one rotation of the propeller shaft and the position on the circumference. In this way, the former actuator can mainly adjust the thrust in the direction of the rotation axis, and the latter actuator can adjust the thrust in the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis.

(Example) Next, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 1. The reference numerals used in FIGS. 3 and 4 are the same. In FIG. 1, the blades 1 are installed at a large angle of 45° rearward from a plane perpendicular to the propeller rotation axis 3, the pitch of the blades is variable, and each blade shaft 2 is installed within the propeller boss 4. It is connected to a shifting rod 6 via a crank mechanism 7, and the shifting rod 6 is attached to a swash plate 8 that is fitted onto the propeller rotating shaft 5 with a space therebetween. It is rotatably supported by a support ring 12 while maintaining a common axis 3. The support ring 12 is supported inside the gimbal 15 by upper and lower support shafts 16,
The outer side of the gimbal 15 is supported by a horizontal support shaft 17 at both ends of a bifurcated lever metal fitting 18, and the lever metal fitting 18 itself can swing back and forth by fixed bearings 19 on both sides. The central part Z of the lever metal fitting 18 is connected to the actuator 10 that operates in the front-rear direction, and the support ring 1
Two points X, Y located at horizontal positions 90° apart on the circumference of
Another set of actuators 13 that operate in the front-back direction are connected to the front and back sides.

Therefore, when the actuator 13 moves the X point or the Y point on the support ring 12, which is freely supported by the lever hardware 18 via the gimbal 15, the support ring 12 moves along the x-x axis and the y-axis, respectively. Tilt in direction and angle by a combination of tilts around the y-axis.
The swash plate 8 rotates together with the propeller rotation shaft 5, the variable rod 6, etc., but it appears to be a support ring 12.
Since it rotates according to the inclination of the swash plate 8, the variable rod 6 periodically reciprocates in the direction of the propeller axis 3 along the inclination of the swath plate 8, changing the pitch of the variable point 1 in one cycle per rotation of the propeller. The direction on the circumference where the pitch is maximum is the direction in which the swath plate 8 tilts, and the maximum pitch is the maximum tilt angle, which can be adjusted respectively, and eventually the blade wheel propeller ( It has the same cyclic pitch control as a lightweight propeller. Furthermore, when the center Z point of the lever hardware 18 is moved by the actuator 10, the lever hardware 18 swings around the axes of the fixed bearings 19, 19, and the support shafts 17, 17 at both ends align with the propeller shaft axis 3.
It moves approximately along the At this time, if the same amount of movement is applied to the X and Y points at the same time as the support shafts 17, 17 at both ends of the lever hardware, the swash plate 8 will move parallel to the direction of the propeller shaft axis 3, and the variable rods 6 will all move relative to each other. The pitch of the blades 1 is simultaneously changed by moving the same amount in the same direction, and the same collective pitch control as that of a variable propeller is performed. By combining the above-mentioned cyclic pitch control and collective pitch control, the combined thrust of the variable pitch control can be adjusted in any three-dimensional direction.

By configuring the X and Y points on the support ring 12 to be separated by 90 degrees, the orientation of the support ring or swash plate 8 can be changed in all directions. Furthermore, the actuator that provides the operating power does not need to be a plunger type.

(Effect of the invention) Conventionally, there was a sleeve that was fitted onto the propeller rotating shaft and slid, and the swash plate had a part of severe friction, but with this invention, there is no sleeve and the length of the sleeve is attached to the propeller shaft. Since there is no need to remove the sleeve, and there are no friction parts inside or outside the sleeve, the wear parts are significantly reduced, and therefore the life is extended and there are no weaknesses in strength.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of an embodiment for explaining the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a side sectional view showing a conventional example, and FIG. B- in the diagram
It is a sectional view of B. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...Blade, 2...Blade shaft, 3...Axis core, 4...Propeller boss, 5...Propeller rotating shaft, 6...Movement rod, 7...
Crank mechanism, 8... Swash plate, 9... Sleeve, 10, 13... Actuator, 11... Lever, 12... Support ring, 14... Prime mover, 15... Gimbal, 16, 17... Support shaft, 18... Lever hardware, 1
9... Fixed bearing.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. The blades are attached so as to be inclined backward from a plane perpendicular to the propeller rotation axis, the pitch of the blades is variable, each blade shaft is connected to a variable rod through a crank mechanism in the propeller boss, and the variable rod is In the device attached to a swash plate fitted to the propeller rotation shaft, the swash plate is rotatably supported by a support ring while maintaining a common axis with the propeller rotation shaft, and the support ring is attached to the inside of the gimbal. The outside of the gimbal is supported by horizontal support shafts at both ends of the left and right bifurcated lever hardware, and the lever hardware itself is supported on both sides by fixed bearings. The lever hardware is supported so as to be swingable back and forth, and the central part of the lever hardware is connected to an actuator that operates in the front and back direction, and another actuator that operates in the front and back direction is located at two points located 90 degrees apart on the circumference of the support ring. A pitch adjustment device for a variable pitch propeller, characterized in that a set of actuators are connected.