JPH05170489A - Heat ray shielding glass for automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent heat rays from falling on inside an automobile and to improve the property of a glass antenna by installing a heat ray shielding film which has the prescribed sheet resistivity and whose main component is compound nitride containing Ti, Si, etc., and an antenna conductor. CONSTITUTION:A compound nitride which at least one (hereinafter called metal M1) of Ti, Zr, Cr, Hf and Ta and at least one (hereinafter called metal M2) of Si, B and Al are combined at the 80% atom ratio of total amount of M2 to that of M1 is used to obtain a heat ray shielding film 5 of >=20kOMEGA/square sheet resistivity. Next, wiring is performed using conductive metal thin wires, such as copper ones to obtain an antenna conductor 4. Next, two or more sheets of plate glass, etc., are laminated and joined by a laminating intermediate film 5, such as a polyvinylbutyral film to obtain heat shielding glass 1. Next, after the antenna conductor 4 is arranged on the glass 1, it is covered with the heat shielding film 5 in a noncontact condition to produce heat shielding glass for automobiles.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is intended to improve the cooling and heating effect and has a relatively high visible light transmittance, and has good radio wave transmission, and has a glass surface with a heat ray shielding function and an antenna function. The present invention relates to a window glass for an automobile.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, in addition to radio receivers for AM broadcasting, FM broadcasting, and the like, automobiles tend to be equipped with various transmission / reception devices such as television receivers and wireless telephones. A window glass antenna is used in which an antenna for one or a plurality of transceivers is formed on the window glass surface.

On the other hand, recently, a window glass plate of an automobile tends to be formed with a large area, and a heat ray such as direct sunlight enters through the window surface to cause an inconvenience such as an increase in temperature inside the vehicle. It has arrived. Then, in order to eliminate such inconvenience as much as possible, a method has been proposed, in which a metal thin film having high heat ray reflection performance is applied to a glass plate to suppress the inflow of heat rays into the vehicle, and is partially used.

Since such a metal thin film has a high visible light reflectance, a low visible light transmittance and a glaring feeling, it is actually used after being provided with an antireflection film. For example, a metal thin film may be formed of ZnO, SnO ₂ , TiO ₂ ,
It is sandwiched between metal oxides such as Bi ₂ O ₃ and sandwiched, and the interference is used to reduce reflection by the metal thin film, and the durability is also improved.

[0005]

When a metal thin film such as Ag is used as a heat ray reflective film, it has electric conductivity and has a sheet resistance of several Ω / □ to 10 Ω / □. The electromagnetic shielding property is accordingly high. On the other hand, as described above, since the radio waves transmitted and received by the antenna are electromagnetic waves, when the above-mentioned metal thin film heat ray reflective film is applied in the vicinity of the glass antenna, the window glass antenna is provided with a heat ray reflective film having a high electromagnetic shielding property. Since the electric wave to be received is blocked, for example, there is a problem that the gain characteristic at the time of receiving the electric wave is deteriorated and a necessary and sufficient gain cannot be obtained.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art found when trying to impart a heat ray blocking function to a glass surface, and the structural feature thereof is the heat ray. A window glass for an automobile provided with a shielding film and an antenna conductor, wherein the heat ray shielding film has a sheet resistance value of 20 KΩ / □ or more.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an example of the heat ray shielding glass 1 of the present invention in which a heat ray shielding film 5 and an antenna conductor 4 (7 is a terminal) are provided on a glass plate for a rear window of an automobile. As for the window glass 1 in which the heat ray shielding film 5 and the antenna conductor 4 are provided in this way, two glass plates or two or more glass plates are laminated by a laminated interlayer film such as a polyvinyl butyral film and joined. It is also possible to use a laminated glass having a structure, or a glass in which a scratch-resistant plastic film is laminated on the inner surface of the glass plate, as well as a single-layer glass having a single-layer structure.

In the present invention, in order to prevent the heat ray shielding film 5 from shielding the electric wave to be received or transmitted by the antenna conductor 4, the heat ray shielding film 5 has a sheet resistance value of 20 KΩ / □ or more. The feature is that a shielding film is used. Heat ray shielding film 5 When the antenna conductor is in a non-contact state, it is preferable that the heat ray shielding film 5 has a resistance of 20 KΩ / □ or more so that the above object can be achieved and the function of the antenna conductor 4 is not deteriorated. Particularly, it is more preferable if it is 50 KΩ / □ or more.

On the other hand, the heat ray shielding film 5 and the antenna conductor 4 are
In the contact state, in addition to erasing the electromagnetic shielding ability, a higher resistance is required to prevent the electromagnetic waves received by the antenna from diffusing into and attenuating the heat ray shielding film 5.
The sheet resistance of the heat ray shielding film 5 is 500 KΩ / □ or more, preferably 1 MΩ / □ or more. The transmitted and received radio waves are FM,
The frequency varies depending on the purpose of AM, TV radio waves, etc., and the lower limit of the sheet resistance value of the heat ray-shielding film is slightly different correspondingly.

The heat ray shielding film 5 in the present invention needs to be formed of a thin film having a high resistance value in order to eliminate the electromagnetic shielding characteristics and prevent the diffusion of electromagnetic waves. For example, Ti, Zr, Cr, Hf. , Ta of at least 1
Species (hereinafter referred to as metal M ₁ ) nitride (these have excellent heat ray shielding performance) and at least one of Si, B and Al
Composites containing nitrides of species (hereinafter referred to as metal M ₂ ) (which are insulative) have higher specific resistance than conventional Ag metal, and a sheet of 20 KΩ / □ or more when an appropriate film thickness is selected. The resistance value can be obtained. In order to obtain sufficient heat ray shielding performance in the heat ray shielding film 5, the total amount of M ₂ is preferably 80% or less in atomic ratio with respect to the total amount of M ₁ .

In a region where the content ratio of M ₂ is relatively small (for example, the total amount of M ₂ is less than 30% in atomic ratio with respect to the total amount of M ₁ ), the heat ray-shielding ability is particularly excellent, and the visible light transmittance is excessive. A sheet resistance value of 20 KΩ / □ or more is obtained at a thin film thickness that does not decrease, and the heat ray blocking function is sufficiently exerted, which is particularly preferable, and is particularly suitable for use as a heat ray blocking film that is provided in a non-contact state with the antenna conductor. Is.

In addition, a region rich in insulating nitride (for example,
The total amount of M ₂ is 30% or more in atomic ratio with respect to the total amount of M ₁ ,
In the area of 80% or less), the heat ray blocking performance is slightly inferior, but since the sheet resistance value of 500 KΩ / □ is easily obtained due to the high specific resistance, it is particularly suitable for use in the heat ray blocking film provided in contact with the antenna conductor. Is. Since these have little visible light absorption, the film thickness can be increased and a sufficient heat ray blocking performance can be obtained while maintaining a high light transmittance. These are materials having a high specific resistance such that a sheet resistance of 500 KΩ / □ or more can be obtained even if the film thickness is increased.

As the heat ray shielding film 5 of the present invention, the heat ray shielding function described above may be used as a single layer, or may be composed of at least two layers provided with a protective film for improving durability.

On the other hand, the antenna conductor 4 is formed by wiring a conductive metal thin wire such as a copper wire in addition to a printed antenna formed by printing silver paste or the like on the glass plate constituting the window glass 1 and baking it. Line antenna, a film antenna with a transparent conductive film, etc.
It is possible to use those formed under an appropriate pattern selected by gain or the like.

The heat ray shielding film 5 may be provided outside the antenna conductor 4 or inside the vehicle.
Further, although FIG. 1 shows an example in which the diffusion of radio waves to the vehicle body is prevented more reliably by trimming the peripheral portion of the heat ray shielding film, it is not always necessary to trim. Further, the radio wave permeability was measured using a network analyzer (manufactured by Hewlett-Packard Co.) in order to know the shield effect, that is, the degree to which radio waves are less likely to be transmitted as compared with the glass substrate of the printed antenna.

[0016]

In this way, even if the heat ray shielding film 5 is arranged so as to cover the antenna conductor 4 of the glass 1, the heat ray shielding film 5 itself is formed of a non-conductive thin film having a high resistance value. Therefore, the electromagnetic shielding property is suppressed and the gain of the antenna conductor 4 is not impaired. Therefore, it can effectively function as designed as a glass antenna for various transmitting / receiving devices mounted on an automobile. Further, since the surface of the glass 1 is covered with the heat ray shielding film 5, it is possible to effectively prevent heat such as direct sunlight from entering the inside of the vehicle and raising the temperature in the room, thereby reducing the cooling load. It is possible to effectively contribute to the improvement of the in-vehicle environment while taking energy saving measures.

[0017]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited to such an embodiment.

[Example 1] An alloy target of Ti and Si (Ti: Si = 7: 3 atomic ratio) was installed as a target in a DC magnetron sputtering apparatus. The soda-lime glass substrate having a thickness of 2 mm was washed and dried, then placed in a vacuum device and evacuated to about 6 × 10 ^-6 torr. At this time, the substrate was not heated.

Next, argon gas was introduced into the vacuum chamber, the pressure was adjusted to 2 × 10 ^-3 torr, and in this state, a power of 2.2 w / cm ² was applied to the target, Pre-sputtering was performed for 5 minutes. After that, the atmosphere in the vacuum chamber was changed to a mixed gas of Ar and N ₂ (Ar: N ₂ = 9:
1), the pressure was adjusted to 2 × 10 ⁻³ torr, and in this state, 2.2 w / cm ^{2 was applied} to the target.
Was applied to deposit a TiSiN _x film of about 100 Å.

The spectroscopic spectrum of the sample thus obtained was measured and the visible light transmittance was 73.1.
%, Solar radiation transmittance 70%, visible light reflectance (glass side)
8.5%, and the transmission color tone is X = 0.32OO, Y = 0.
3309 had a yellowish gray color. When the sheet resistance value of this sample was examined, it was 26 KΩ / □.

When this glass was used as a laminated glass in a state where the heat ray shielding film and the antenna were not in direct contact with another glass plate on which the antenna conductor was formed, the antenna performance was measured, and it worked sufficiently as an antenna.

Example 2 An alloy target of Zr and Si (Zr: Si = 9: 1 atomic ratio) was set as a target in a DC magnetron sputtering apparatus. A soda lime glass substrate having a thickness of 2 mm was washed and dried, and then placed in a vacuum device and evacuated to about 6 × 10 ^-6 torr. At this time, the substrate was not heated.

Next, argon gas was introduced into the vacuum chamber, the pressure was adjusted to 2 × 10 ^-3 torr, and in this state, a power of 2.2 w / cm ² was applied to the target, Pre-sputtering was performed for 5 minutes. After that, the atmosphere in the vacuum chamber was changed to a mixed gas of Ar and N ₂ (Ar: N ₂ = 95:
5) was replaced with 5 and the pressure was adjusted to 2 × 10 ⁻³ torr. In this state, 1.6 w / cm was applied to the target.
A power of ² was applied to deposit a ZrSiN _x film of about 60 Å.

The spectroscopic spectrum of the sample thus obtained was measured, and the visible light transmittance was 80.3.
%, Solar radiation transmittance 77.0% Visible light reflectance (glass side)
7.2%, and the transmitted color tone is X = 0.3111, Y = 0.
In 3198, it was almost gray. When the sheet resistance value of this sample was examined, it was 20 KΩ / □.

When this glass was used as a laminated glass in a state where the heat ray shielding film and the antenna were not in direct contact with another glass plate on which the antenna conductor was formed, the antenna performance was measured, and it worked sufficiently as an antenna.

Example 3 An alloy target of Ti and B (Ti: B = 7: 3 atomic ratio) was set as a target in a DC magnetron sputtering apparatus. The soda-lime glass substrate with a printed antenna having a thickness of 2 mm was washed and dried, then put in a vacuum device and evacuated to about 6 × 10 ⁻⁶ torr. At this time, the substrate was not heated.

Next, argon gas was introduced into the vacuum chamber, the pressure was adjusted to 2 × 10 ^-3 torr, and in this state, a power of 2.2 w / cm ² was applied to the target, Pre-sputtering was performed for 5 minutes. After that, the atmosphere in the vacuum chamber was changed to a mixed gas of Ar and N ₂ (Ar: N ₂ = 9:
1), the pressure was adjusted to 2 × 10 ⁻³ torr, and in this state, 2.2 w / cm ^{2 was applied} to the target.
Was applied to deposit TiBN _x directly on the printed antenna in an amount of about 70 Å.

The spectroscopic spectrum of the sample thus obtained was measured and the visible light transmittance was 78.0.
%, The solar radiation transmittance was 75.0%, and the visible light reflectance (on the glass surface side) was 8.5%, which was almost gray. When the sheet resistance value of the heat ray-shielding film formed in the same manner as above was examined, it was 1.2 MΩ / □. This heat ray shielding glass had sufficient antenna performance.

[Embodiment 4] As targets in a DC magnetron sputtering apparatus, (a) an alloy target of Ti and B (Ti: B = 7: 3 atomic ratio) and (b) an alloy target of Zr and Si (Zr: Si = 1: 2 atomic ratio) was installed. 2mm thick soda lime glass base with printed antenna is washed and dried, then put in a vacuum device and 6x
The gas was exhausted to about 10 ⁻⁶ torr. At this time, the substrate was not heated.

Next, argon gas was introduced into the vacuum chamber, the pressure was adjusted to 2 × 10 ^-3 torr, and in this state, the target (a) was used under the conditions of Example 1 to 10
About 0Å film was formed. Next, a mixed gas of Ar and O ₂ (Ar:
O ₂ = 8: 2) and the pressure was adjusted to 2 × 10 ⁻³ torr. In this state, (b) target 2.8 w / cm
Applying power of ² , ZrSiO _x about 100 as protective film
Å The film was formed.

The spectroscopic spectrum of the sample thus obtained was measured, and the visible light transmittance was 78%, the solar radiation transmittance was 75%, and the visible light reflectance (on the glass surface side) was 8.5%.
It was almost gray. When the sheet resistance value of the heat ray shielding film formed in the same manner as above was examined, it was 150 MΩ.
It was / □. This heat ray shielding glass had sufficient antenna performance.

[Embodiment 5] As targets in a DC magnetron sputtering apparatus, (a) SnO ₂ target and (b) Ti-Si alloy target (Ti: Si = 7:
3 atomic ratios) were installed respectively. The soda-lime glass substrate with a printed antenna having a thickness of 2 mm was washed and dried, then put in a vacuum device and evacuated to about 6 × 10 ⁻⁶ torr.
At this time, the substrate was not heated.

Next, oxygen was introduced into the vacuum chamber, and the pressure was adjusted to 2 × 10 ^-3 torr. In this state,
Applying 1.1 W / cm ² with the above target (a), SnO
_Two films were directly formed on the printed antenna to a thickness of about 600Å. Next, a mixed gas of Ar and N ₂ (Ar: N ₂ = 9: 1)
The pressure was adjusted to 2 × 10 ⁻³ torr. In this state, a power of 2.2 w / cm ² was applied to the target (b) to deposit a TiSiN _x film of about 100 Å. Further, a 600 Å film of SnO ₂ was formed thereon by the target (a).

When the sample thus obtained was measured, the visible light transmittance was 86.4% and the solar radiation transmittance was 7%.
The reflectance was 6.9% and the visible light reflectance (on the glass surface side) was 11.5%. When the sheet resistance value of the heat ray-shielding film formed in the same manner as above was examined, it was 12 MΩ / □. This heat ray shielding glass had sufficient antenna performance.

Example 6 An alloy target of Ti and Si (Ti: Si = 7: 3 atomic ratio) was set as a target in a DC magnetron sputtering apparatus. 2mm thick soda lime glass substrate with printed antenna (gray glass) is washed and dried, then put in a vacuum device and 6 x 10
^The gas was exhausted to about ^-6 torr. At this time, the substrate was not heated.

Next, argon gas was introduced into the vacuum chamber, the pressure was adjusted to 2 × 10 ^-3 torr, and in this state, a power of 2.2 w / cm ² was applied to the target, Pre-sputtering was performed for 5 minutes. After that, the atmosphere in the vacuum chamber was changed to a mixed gas of Ar and N ₂ (Ar: N ₂ = 9:
1), the pressure was adjusted to 2 × 10 ⁻³ torr, and in this state, 2.2 w / cm ^{2 was applied} to the target.
Was applied to deposit a TiSiN _x film of about 100 Å.

The sample thus obtained was combined with a 2 mm glass plate through a polyvinyl butyral interlayer to form a glass, and the visible light transmittance was 73.1% and the solar radiation transmittance was 65.6%. .. The sheet resistance value of the heat ray-shielding film formed in the same manner as above was 200 KΩ / □.
This laminated glass also had sufficient antenna performance.

[0038]

As described above, according to the present invention, since the heat ray blocking film is formed of a thin film having a high resistance value,
It is possible to eliminate the electromagnetic shielding property, and thus to prevent the deterioration of the gain characteristic of the antenna conductor due to the influence of the heat ray blocking film. While preventing the heat ray from entering the vehicle, it is possible to obtain an excellent gain characteristic as a glass antenna. Can be demonstrated.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an example of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 4 Antenna conductor 5 Heat ray shielding film

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A heat ray shielding glass for an automobile, comprising a heat ray shielding film and an antenna conductor, wherein the heat ray shielding film is 2
It has a sheet resistance value of 0 KΩ / □ or more, Ti, Zr, C
A heat ray-shielding film containing as a main component a composite nitride containing at least one of r, Hf, and Ta (hereinafter referred to as metal M ₁ ) and at least one of Si, B, and Al (hereinafter referred to as metal M ₂ ). The heat ray shielding glass for automobiles, which is characterized by: 2. The heat ray shielding glass for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein in the heat ray shielding film, the total amount of M ₂ is 80% or less in atomic ratio with respect to the total amount of M ₁ . 3. The heat ray-shielding glass for automobiles according to claim 1, wherein the heat ray-shielding film is not in contact with the antenna conductor and has a sheet resistance value of 20 KΩ / □ or more. 4. The heat ray shielding glass for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein the heat ray shielding film is in contact with the antenna conductor and has a sheet resistance of 500 KΩ / □ or more.