JPH05166585A - Lighting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent malfunctioning of a sensor portion and malfunctioning of the action of an overdischarge protecting function. CONSTITUTION:A capacitor C1 is provided at the output end of a storage battery 2. Even if voltages at both ends of the storage battery 2 are lowered, the voltage of the battery 2 is hardly lowered but held stable by the voltages at both ends of the capacitor C1. The QB output terminal of a multivibrator IC9 is connected to the input terminal of a NAND gate IC6 via a diode D5. For a predetermined time immediately after lighting, even if a signal of H level is output from a human body sensor 3, the signal is forcibly set to L level at E point, so that output signals indicating human body detection are nullified. The output terminal of the multivibrator IC9 is set to L level at D point for a predetermined time immediately after lighting so that overdischarge protection is inoperative.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a solar cell type lighting device in which a solar cell and a storage battery are combined,
The present invention relates to a lighting device that lights a load when a human body detection sensor detects a human body.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a solar cell type lighting device has been known as a solar cell type lighting device of this type.
As disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-9048, when a storage battery is charged by a solar cell in the daytime and the ambient illuminance decreases due to sunset and falls below a predetermined value, it is detected and for a certain period set by a timer from that point. To turn on the load,
It is generally used for places where commercial AC power cannot be used and as energy-saving lights.

Illumination Device with Human Body Detection Function Conventionally, as an illumination device of this type, there is one that receives a signal when a human body is detected by a human body detection function and turns on a load, and the load is automatically turned on when necessary. It is used as a lighting fixture that has both the convenience of lighting and a crime prevention role.

[0004]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention In the solar cell type lighting device in which the solar cell and the storage battery are combined, a lighting device having a human body detection function and lighting a load when human body detection is performed is considered. , The power supply voltage fluctuates when the load is turned on or off due to the current being absorbed by the load or the load being disconnected.

Therefore, there has been a problem that a sensor which is weak to the fluctuation of the power supply voltage and a malfunction of the operation of the over-discharge protection function due to the sudden drop of the power supply voltage when the load is lit occur. The present invention has been provided in view of the above points, and provides a lighting device for the purpose of preventing malfunction of the sensor unit and malfunction of the over-discharge protection function.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a lighting device for charging a storage battery with a solar cell and lighting a load with the electric power, and an over-discharge protection circuit for preventing over-discharge of the storage battery and the presence or absence of a human body. In a lighting device that has a sensor unit that detects a voltage, and that lights a load by an output signal from the sensor unit, fixes the above-mentioned over-discharge protection circuit and the sensor unit to the operation mode immediately before that for a specific period when the power supply voltage fluctuates greatly. It is provided with a control means for controlling.

[0007]

[Operation] Then, the control means fixes the above-mentioned over-discharge protection circuit and the sensor section to the operation mode immediately before that for a specific period during which the power supply voltage fluctuates greatly, thereby preventing malfunction of the sensor section and over-discharge protection. We are trying to prevent the malfunction of function operation.

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a circuit configuration designed to prevent malfunction when a load is lit. The storage battery 2 is charged with the electric power obtained by the solar cell 1, and the load (lamp) L is turned on by this amount of electricity. The overdischarge protection circuit 4, the human body detection sensor 3, and the turning on / off of the lighting of the load are controlled. The illuminating device including the control unit 5 is provided with malfunction prevention circuits 6 and 7 for preventing malfunction due to a sudden decrease in power supply voltage when a load is turned on.

The solar cell 1 includes a diode D for preventing backflow.
_The storage battery 2 is charged via ₁ . Human body detection sensor 3
Uses the charging voltage of the storage battery 2 as a power source, and outputs H level when a human body is detected, and outputs L level otherwise. The signal is applied to the NAND gate I through the resistor R _7.
H level L level by C6, L level is inverted to the H level is input NAND gate IC 8, the multivibrator IC7 via the resistor R _8.

The multivibrator IC 7 receives an output signal of the NAND gate IC 6 integrated by R ₈ and a capacitor C ₃ at a B input terminal and outputs a signal from a QB output terminal (inversion terminal of Q output). In the multivibrator IC7, when the input terminal A is connected to the L level and the input terminal C is connected to the H level, the input signal of the B input terminal receives the fall from the H level to the L level, and from that time point. , The L level signal is output from the QB output terminal for a predetermined time determined by the resistor R ₁₃ and the capacitor C ₅ .

The NAND gate IC8 is a NAND gate as described above.
The output of the gate IC6 is R₈To one input terminal via
The multi-vibration is connected to the other input terminal.
The QB output terminal of the data IC 7 is connected. Its output
Is the diode D₆, Resistance R ₉Through transistor T
r₃Input to the base of and the output of the NAND gate IC8
Transistor Tr when H level₃Is on, L level
When is off.

Transistor Tr₃When is on, the G point
Since the potential drops, the transistor Tr _FourTurned on and negative
Electric power is supplied to the load L, and the load L lights up. Transis
Ta Tr₃When is off, the potential at point G rises, so
Dista Tr_FourIs turned off and power is not supplied to the load L.
Therefore, the load L is turned off. Smell of human body detection sensor 3
When the human body is not detected, the L level is output.
And is inverted by the NAND gate IC6 to receive the H level signal.
No. is on NAND gate IC8 and multivibrator IC7
Is entered. Is the multivibrator IC7 a B input terminal?
Since the H level signal is input from the
To output an H level signal from the NAND gate IC
Since all 8 inputs are H level, the NAND gate IC8
The output becomes L level. Therefore, the transistor Tr₃But
Since it is turned off, the load L is turned off.

On the other hand, while the human body detection sensor 3 detects a human body and outputs a signal of H level, the output of the NAND gate IC6 becomes L level, and the L level signal is input to one input terminal of the NAND gate IC8. Is entered. The multivibrator IC7 outputs the signal of the L level for a predetermined time from the QB output terminal in response to the output of the NAND gate IC6 falling from the H level to the L level.
Therefore, the NAND gate IC8 becomes the NAND gate IC6.
From the L level, that is, when the human body is being detected, and when the L level is being output from the multivibrator IC7, that is, after the human body has been detected, the resistance R _{1 3} and the capacitor C ₅ The output is at the H level for a predetermined period of time. And Nand Gate I
While the signal of H level is being output from C8, the transistor Tr ₃ is on, so that power is supplied to the load L and the load L lights up.

The over-discharge protection circuit 4 includes a voltage comparator IC1 that switches an output signal depending on whether or not the solar cell 1 is charged, a voltage comparator IC2 that switches an output signal according to a charging voltage amount of a storage battery, and a voltage comparison circuit. It is composed of a control part which operates protection by the signals of the device IC1 and the voltage comparator IC2. A voltage is generated by irradiating the solar cell 1 with light, and if the value is a predetermined value or more, the resistance R ₁
Flow Zener diode ZD ₁ to the base of the transistor Tr ₁ current flows through a transistor Tr ₁
Is turned on, the potential at the point B drops. On the other hand, if the output voltage of the solar cell is less than a predetermined value, Zener diode Z
Since no current flows through D ₁ , the transistor Tr ₁ is off and the potential at point B rises.

At point C, the charging voltage of the storage battery 2 is changed to the resistance R ₃
And the potential divided by the resistor R ₄ , and the voltage comparator IC1 switches the output signal according to the potential difference between the points B and C. That is, if the output voltage of the solar cell 1 is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, the potential at the point B is lowered, the voltage comparator IC1 outputs the H level, and if the output voltage of the solar cell 1 is equal to or lower than the predetermined value, the potential at the point B. Rises and the voltage comparator IC1 outputs an L level.

Next, when the charging voltage value of the storage battery 2 decreases, the potential at the point C also decreases in proportion to it. On the other hand, since the potential at the point D is almost constant regardless of the charging voltage of the storage battery 2, the voltage comparator IC2 that switches the output signal depending on the potential difference between the points C and D has a predetermined charging voltage value of the storage battery 2 If it is more than the above, the L level is output when the H level becomes the predetermined value or less.

When the output voltage of the solar cell 1 is a predetermined value or more and the charging voltage of the storage battery 2 is a predetermined value or more, the voltage comparator IC
1 and the voltage comparator IC2 each output an H level.
Therefore, since the inputs of the NAND gate IC3 are all at the H level, the output of the NAND gate IC3 is at the L level,
An L level signal is input to one input terminal of the NAND gate IC4.

Therefore, the output of the NAND gate IC4 becomes H level regardless of whether the other input signal of the NAND gate IC4 is H level or L level. The output is connected to one input terminal of the NAND gate IC5, and the output of the NAND gate IC4 and the output of the voltage comparator IC2 are input to the NAND gate IC5. Since both are at the H level, the output of the NAND gate IC5 becomes at the L level.

Next, when the charging voltage of the storage battery 2 exceeds a predetermined value and the output voltage of the solar cell 1 falls below the predetermined value, the output of the voltage comparator IC1 becomes L level and the output of the voltage comparator IC2 becomes H level. Therefore, the output of the NAND gate IC3 becomes H level and is input to the NAND gate IC4.
At this time, since the output of the NAND gate IC5, which is the other input of the NAND gate IC4, is at the L level, the output of the NAND gate IC4 becomes at the H level. Also, since both inputs of the NAND gate IC5 are H level, the output is L
It is a level.

When the output voltage of the solar cell 1 is below a predetermined value and the charging voltage of the storage battery 2 is below a predetermined value, the voltage comparator I
The output of both C1 and the voltage comparator IC2 becomes L level. The output of the NAND gate IC3 becomes H level and is input to the NAND gate IC4. Since the L level signal of the voltage comparator IC2 is also input to the NAND gate IC5, the H level is output regardless of the output of the other input NAND gate IC4. Therefore, since the H level is input to the NAND gate IC4 from each of the NAND gate IC3 and the NAND gate IC5, the output thereof becomes the L level.

Here, the over-discharge protection is activated, the power source voltage rises when the load L is turned off, and the output voltage of the solar cell 1 is below a predetermined value, but the charging voltage of the storage battery 2 is above a predetermined value. Suppose At this time, the output of the voltage comparator IC1 becomes L level, the output of the voltage comparator IC2 becomes H level, and the output of the NAND gate IC3 becomes H level. Since the output of the NAND gate IC5 is at the H level, the inputs of the NAND gate IC4 are at the H level, and the output thereof is at the L level. That is, even if the output voltage of the solar cell 1 is equal to or lower than the predetermined value and the charging voltage of the storage battery 2 is equal to or higher than the predetermined value, the output voltage of the solar cell 1 is not decreased and the charging voltage of the storage battery 2 is increased. In this case, the output signals of the NAND gates IC4 and IC5 are different from each other, and it can be said that the signals in the previous states are maintained.

If the charging voltage of the storage battery 2 does not exceed the predetermined value even if the power supply voltage rises due to turning off the load, charging from the solar cell 1 is started in that state and the output voltage of the solar cell 1 is increased. Is above a predetermined value and the charging voltage of the storage battery 2 is below a predetermined value, the voltage comparator IC1
Is H level and the voltage comparator IC2 outputs L level, the output of the NAND gate IC3 is H level, and the NAND gate IC5 is H level regardless of the output of the NAND gate IC4.
Output level. Therefore, the NAND gate IC4 is input at the H level and outputs the L level.

As described above, paying attention to the output of the NAND gate IC4, it is normal (the solar battery 1 to charge the storage battery 2,
It is at the H level when the charging voltage of the storage battery 2 is sufficient), but changes to the L level when the over-discharged state occurs. Then, the charging starts from the solar cell 1 and becomes the H level only when the charging voltage of the storage battery 2 becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined value. The output of the NAND gate IC4 is connected to the base of the transistor Tr ₃ via the diode D _7. Here, when the output of the NAND gate IC4 is at L level, even if the NAND gate I
An H level signal is output from C8, and the transistor Tr ₃
Even if the load L is turned on to turn on the load L, the diode D ₇ becomes conductive, and the current flows through the diode D ₇ , so that the point F is always at the L level and no matter what signal is output from the human body detection sensor side. The transistor Tr ₃ remains off, and the load L does not light up.

When the NAND gate IC4 is at the H level, the diode D ₇ is in the reverse direction, so that the potential at the point F is not affected. In this way, when the over discharge occurs, the output of the NAND gate IC4 becomes L level, and the load L does not light. Also, when the NAND gate IC4 is at the L level, the NAND gate IC5
Is an H level, and therefore the transistor Tr ₂ whose base is connected to the output of the NAND gate IC5 is turned on, so that a current flows through the light emitting diode LED ₁ connected to the collector of the transistor Tr ₂ via the resistor R _6. , LED LED ₁ lights up, indicating that over-discharge protection is working.

In the above circuit, immediately after the load is turned on,
A large amount of current is absorbed by the load L, and in particular, since the power source is the storage battery 2, a phenomenon in which the power source voltage temporarily greatly decreases occurs. At this time, since the power supply voltage is lowered, the over-discharge protection works and the load L is turned off. Further, since the human body detection sensor 3 is weak against the fluctuation of the power supply voltage, the output signal is not stable, which causes malfunction.

Therefore, it is necessary to provide a function of suppressing the operation of the over-discharge protection immediately after lighting and preventing the human body detection sensor 3 from malfunctioning. The malfunction prevention circuit 6 prevents a sudden decrease in the power supply voltage of the human body detection sensor 3. A diode D ₂ is provided between the output end of the storage battery 2 and the power supply unit of the human body detection sensor 3, and a capacitor C ₁ is inserted between the power supply GND. This allows storage battery 2
Even if the voltage across both ends of the human body detection sensor 3 decreases, the diode D ₂ becomes non-conductive at that time, so that the power supply voltage A point of the human body detection sensor 3 becomes the voltage across the capacitor C ₁ and the input impedance of the human body detection sensor 3 is high impedance. Therefore, the power supply voltage is kept stable with almost no drop.

Therefore, the power supply voltage of the human body detection sensor 3 is kept stable even when the power supply voltage drops when the load is turned on, so that a malfunction can be prevented. The malfunction prevention circuit 7 invalidates the output signal of the human body detection sensor 3 for a predetermined time immediately after the load is turned on, and further, in the overdischarge protection circuit 4, the voltage comparator IC2 detects a decrease in the voltage across the storage battery 2. It suppresses the

The A input terminal of the multivibrator IC 9 is connected to the output terminal of the NAND gate IC 8. Also, since the input terminals B and C are at the H level, the signal at the input terminal A rises from the L level to the H level, and QB
The output terminal outputs an L level signal for a predetermined time determined by the resistor R ₁₄ and the capacitor C ₆ . As described above, the NAND gate IC8 outputs an H level, as long as the over-discharge protection is not working at that time, the transistor Tr _3, Tr ₄ are turned on, the load L is turned on. Therefore, when the output of the NAND gate IC8 changes from the L level to the H level, that is, when the load L is turned on, the IC9 receives the rising signal from the A input terminal, and from that time, the L level is output from the QB output terminal for a predetermined time. Is output.

The QB output terminal of the multivibrator IC9 is connected to the input terminal of the NAND gate IC6 via the diode D5. That is, for a predetermined time immediately after lighting, even if the H-level signal is output from the human body detection sensor 3, it is forcibly set to the L level at the point E, so that the human body detection output signal is invalidated. Become. The output terminal of the multivibrator IC9 via the diode D _4, of the voltage comparator IC 2 - are also connected to the input terminal side. Immediately after the load is turned on, the potential at the point D is dropped to the L level for a predetermined time to lower the power supply voltage to C
Even if the potential at the point decreases, the potential difference between the two is prevented from becoming smaller than a predetermined value, and the over-discharge protection does not work. Therefore, the malfunction prevention circuit 7 can simultaneously prevent malfunction of the human body detection sensor 3 and malfunction of the overdischarge protection circuit 4. The malfunction prevention circuits 6 and 7 constitute a control means.

(Embodiment 2) FIG. 2 shows Embodiment 2 in which malfunction is prevented when the load is turned off. The storage battery 2 is charged with the electric power obtained by the solar cell 1, and the lighting circuit 9 is operated by this amount of electricity to light the load L. The over-discharge prevention circuit 4, the human body detection sensor 3, and the lighting on / off. The illuminating device constituted by the control unit 5 for controlling the erroneous operation is provided with the malfunction prevention circuit 8 for preventing malfunction due to instability of the power supply voltage when the load is turned off.

The solar cell 1, the storage battery 2, the human body detection sensor 3, the overdischarge protection circuit 4 and the control unit 5 operate in the same manner as in the first embodiment. In the first embodiment, an incandescent lamp is used as the load L, but in the second embodiment, a method in which a fluorescent lamp is lit at a high frequency by a push-pull inverter is used. Transistor Tr
_{When 4} turns on, current flows through its collector and the resistance R
₁ through ₅ , transistor Tr ₅ , transistor Tr
Any one of ₆ turns on, a current flows from the storage battery 2 through the coil L _1, and a current flows from the primary side coil of the transformer T ₁ to the turned-on collectors of the transistors Tr ₅ and Tr ₆ .

After that, while the transistor Tr ₄ is on, the inductance of the transformer T ₁ and the capacitor C
Transistor T at a frequency determined by the capacitance of ₈
r _5, Tr ₆ of the on / off is switched. As a result, a current also flows in the secondary coil of the transformer T _{1 in} the same cycle, and the load L is lit at high frequency. In this circuit,
When the load is turned off, the circuit is instantly disconnected, so the power supply voltage becomes unstable due to the large current flowing into the lighting circuit. Therefore, at this time, the human body detection sensor 3 vulnerable to the fluctuation of the power supply voltage malfunctions.

Therefore, immediately after the load is turned off, malfunction is prevented by the malfunction prevention circuit 8 which invalidates the output signal of the human body detection sensor 3. The multivibrator IC 10 takes the signal input to the B input terminal from the Q output terminal of the multivibrator IC 7. Further, since the A input terminal is connected to the L level and the C input terminal is connected to the H level, the signal received at the B input terminal falls from the H level to the L level, so that the resistance R ₁₈ and the capacitor C _{12 are used.} An L level signal is output from the QB output terminal only for a predetermined period of time.

As described in the first embodiment, the multi-vibrator IC 7 detects the human body, and when the output of the NAND gate IC 6 changes from the H level to the L level, the resistance R
_A specific signal is output for a predetermined time determined by _{1 3} and the capacitor C ₅ , and the Q output outputs the H level at this time. On the other hand, the QB output outputs the L level at this time, and during that time, the NAND gate IC8 outputs the H level to turn on the transistors Tr ₃ and Tr ₄ to light the load L. Therefore, the multivibrator I
When the Q output of C7 falls from H level to L level,
That is, when the QB output rises from the L level to the H level, the load L is turned off.

The multivibrator IC 10 receives the L level signal from the QB output terminal only for a predetermined time when the Q output of the multivibrator IC 7 falls from the H level to the L level, that is, when the load L is turned off. Will be output. QB of multivibrator IC10
Output terminal through a diode D ₈ NAND gate IC6
When the QB output is at the L level, the diode D ₈ becomes conductive even when the H level is output from the human body detection sensor 3, and the point E is at the L level.

That is, the Q of the multivibrator IC 10
When the B output is at the L level, the input of the NAND gate IC6 is forcibly set to the L level even if any signal is output from the human body detection sensor 3, that is, the human body detection sensor 3
This means that the signal has been disabled. Therefore, immediately after the load is turned off, the malfunction is prevented by invalidating the output signal of the human body detection sensor 3.

Although the incandescent lamp and the push-pull type high frequency lighting circuit are used as the load in the above-described first and second embodiments, the lighting system or the type of load is not limited to these.
Any device may be used as long as it is supplied with power and emits light, and various modifications can be made to the overdischarge protection circuit 4 and the control unit 5, which are not limited to those in the above-described embodiment. ..

As described above, according to the present invention, the malfunction detecting circuit 6 for preventing the power supply voltage from being lowered due to the voltage drop of the storage battery 2 is provided in the power source section of the human body detecting sensor 3, and the human body detecting sensor 3 is provided for a predetermined time immediately after the load is turned on. Invalidate the output signal of
Furthermore, since one end of the over-discharge detection section of the over-discharge protection circuit 4 is forcibly set to a certain potential level and the output signal of the human body detection sensor 3 is invalidated for a predetermined time even immediately after the load is turned off, this occurs immediately after the load is lit. Sudden drop in power supply voltage,
Even when the power supply becomes unstable immediately after the load is turned off,
It is possible to prevent malfunction of the human body detection sensor 3 and malfunction of the over-discharge protection circuit 4.

[0039]

As described above, the present invention is a lighting device for charging a storage battery with a solar cell and lighting a load by the electric power, and an over-discharge protection circuit for preventing over-discharge of the storage battery and the presence or absence of a human body. In a lighting device that has a sensor unit that detects a voltage, and that lights a load by an output signal from the sensor unit, fixes the above-mentioned over-discharge protection circuit and the sensor unit to the operation mode immediately before that for a specific period when the power supply voltage fluctuates greatly. Since the control means is provided, the control means fixes the above-mentioned over-discharge protection circuit and the sensor unit to the operation mode immediately before the specific period during which the power supply voltage fluctuates greatly,
This has an effect of preventing malfunction of the sensor unit and malfunction of the over-discharge protection function.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of another embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols] 1 solar cell 2 storage battery 3 over-discharge protection circuit

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Daiji Shimozaka 27 Nishi-Hachiman-Hachimancho, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto City Croy Electric Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A lighting device for charging a storage battery with a solar cell and lighting a load with the electric power thereof, comprising an over-discharge protection circuit for preventing over-discharge of the storage battery, and a sensor section for detecting the presence or absence of a human body. However, in a lighting device that lights a load by an output signal from the sensor unit, a control unit that fixes the over-discharge protection circuit and the sensor unit to the operation mode immediately before that for a specific period in which the power supply voltage fluctuates greatly is provided. Characteristic lighting device.