JPH05164336A - Hot water supply device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a hot water supply device which works as a rapid heating system for hot water supply, rapidly supplies hot water after opening of a faucet, prevents rapid and wide reduction of water temperature in the middle of the supply of hot water and is formed in a compact state a while realizing quick stabilization of the supplied hot water temperature is. CONSTITUTION:A water storing device 22 indirectly heated by means of heating hot water from a heating hot water circulation passage 14 and an auxiliary circulation passage 25 is connected to a feed hot water passage 19 of a feed hot water heater 17 in parallel to a parallel feed hot water passage 23, and storage water in the water storing device 22 is mixed with pass water through the parallel feed hot water passage 23. When the storage water temperature of the water storing device 23 is high, the temperature of low temperature water in the parallel supply hot water passage 23 is increased, and mixture hot water used as supply hot water is supplied at a uniform and stable temperature. Further, by throttling the supply hot water flow rate during the initial stage of supply, water storage capacity of the water storing device 22 can be reduced.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hot water supply device for an instant hot water system for rapidly raising the hot water supply temperature.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As an instant hot water system of this type, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, a hot water supply / room heating device supplies hot water for hot water heated by a hot water supply heater 2 of a hot water supply heater 1 from a hot water supply passage 3 to a faucet 4 thereof.
For hot water supply in the hot water supply path 3 in which the heating hot water circulation path 7 connected to the heating heater 5 and the radiator 6 is provided along the hot water supply path 3 with a pipe length of 1 The hot water was heated and kept warm by the hot water for heating so that hot water supply at an appropriate temperature could be quickly obtained from the faucet 4.

[0003]

However, in such a structure, the faucet 4 is opened and the hot water for hot water supply from the hot water supply heater 2 continues to be supplied after the residual hot water in the hot water supply passage 3 is discharged. As shown in FIG. 5, during the hot water supply time Δt _O ,
Water supply temperature T that is not yet sufficiently heated by the hot water supply heater 2
There was a problem that cold water close to _W was supplied.

That is, as shown in FIG. 5B, the hot water supply heater 2 starts up the supply water from the supply water temperature T _W to the set temperature T _{S in} the required heating time Δt _O after opening the faucet 4 (a). Status). Then, as shown in (a), when the faucet 4 is opened, the remaining hot water in the hot water supply passage 3 which has been kept at the temperature T _o in the heating / hot water circulation passage 5 for about 30 seconds is supplied (state of b), and next. Further, the hot water for hot water supply in the state of a was changed to the state of c and was supplied with the hot water, which had a steep and large drop temperature T _B , and the stability of the hot water supply temperature was poor. In particular, when the temperature is low in the winter, the temperature T _B of the water is lowered to near the temperature T _{W of the} water because the water temperature T _W is low, and the temperature difference from the set temperature T _S becomes large. _It couldn't cover the sharp and big drop of _B.

Therefore, the present invention provides a hot water supply device in which the hot water supply temperature after starting hot water supply does not drastically decrease from the residual hot water temperature in the hot water supply passage, and the device can be made compact and compact while achieving quick stabilization. To do.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the first means of the hot water supply apparatus of the present invention comprises a hot water circulation passage for heating hot water with a heater and forced circulation, and a hot water circulation passage. Hot water heater for heating the hot water supply to hot water for hot water supply, a hot water supply path for hot water for hot water supply from the hot water supply heater, and the stored water of capacity V is indirectly heat-conducted by a heat exchanger by being arranged in parallel with the hot water supply path. a reservoir for an auxiliary circulation path for connecting to the heat exchanger branches off from the hot water circulator, the supplying hot water in parallel hot water passage and the reservoir flow rate q _2, reservoir supply flow rate q ₁ of the flow rate q ₁ , q ₂
Shunt ratio K = q ₂ / q _1, the required heating time t _a up to hot water heater to supply hot water for hot water supply temperature setting to the operating early
Is set and q _S = q ₁ + q ₂ = (1 + K) × V / t _a is used to instruct the water supply flow rate q _S , and the controller instruct the water supply flow rate q _S in the water supply channel. It is equipped with a water flow control valve.

[0007] The second means of the water heater of the present invention, the feed water flow rate in the required heating time _{t a q O = G × q} S
1 Set a smaller aperture ratio G as the capacity V of the water reservoir to a volume V _O indicated by V _O = G × V, instructs the feed water flow q _S and the feed water flow q _O after the required heating time t _a It is equipped with a controller to operate.

[0008]

In the hot water supply apparatus of the present invention by the above-mentioned first means, the heat exchanger heats the water stored in the water reservoir by circulating hot water from the circulation heater while the hot water supply is stopped. When hot water supply is started, the water reservoir replaces the warm water having a temperature lower than the set temperature supplied from the hot water heater with the stored water, and the stored water heated by the circulating hot water is supplied to the hot water supply passage. This stored water is mixed with the hot water in the hot water supply passage parallel to the water reservoir, the temperature of the mixed hot water is raised to a temperature higher than the temperature of the hot water, and flows into the hot water supply passage as the second hot water supply hot water. This mixed hot water pushes out the residual water in the downstream hot water supply channel to supply hot water, and in the first hot water supply, this residual water is first supplied, and the hot water supply temperature becomes the temperature of the residual water.

Hot water for hot water supply from the hot water supply heater is divided into a hot water supply passage (hereinafter referred to as a parallel hot water supply passage) and a water reservoir at a location where the water reservoirs are arranged in parallel, and the stored water is stored by the flow input of the divided water flow. Equal amount of water stored in the container is pushed out to the hot water supply channel downstream. Said heated water in second circulating hot water for hot water supply heated extrusion downstream of the hot water supply passage, the partial water flow from the hot water heater for newly entering the reservoir is a reservoir of volume V t _a =
To the total amount substituted by (1 + K) V / q duration of _S (equal to the required heating time t _a).

This stored water has a gentle temperature gradient in which the hot water supply heater has a low temperature close to the supply water temperature in the initial stage of heating on the outlet side, and a high temperature which has reached the set temperature after _a lapse of time ta on the inlet side. And then stored. Due to the occurrence of turbulent flow at the time of inflow and thermal convection in the stored water, there is a relaxing effect of the temperature gradient in the stored water state, and there is an effect of raising the low temperature on the outlet side.

[0011] The third hot for the hot water supply, and hot water for hot water supply of the parallel hot water passage of the hot water supply heater set temperature after the required heating time t _a elapsed, setting the temperature near the temperature of the reservoir has water at time t _a It becomes hot water mixed with stored water having a temperature gradient up to the temperature. Therefore, initially, the low temperature water from the water reservoir is mixed with the hot water having the set temperature of the parallel hot water supply passage, and the mixing temperature becomes higher than the low temperature. After that, the mixing temperature gradually rises according to the temperature gradient, and reaches the substantially set temperature at the end. Thus
A sudden and large temperature drop during hot water supply can be alleviated, and the subsequent fourth hot water supply will be a hot water supply with a stable set temperature.

Next, the supply of the present invention is performed by the above-mentioned second means.
The hot water device uses the hot water supply flow rate for the first hot water supply described above as q_OAnd the
2 Hot water supply flow rate after hot water supply q_SAnd a diaphragm smaller than 1
By the coefficient G, q_O= G × q_SAs the first hot water supply flow rate
Squeeze less. Then, the required heating time t_aThe same value
As the storage capacity of the reservoir is V_OSet to the water supply flow rate q _O
And storage capacity V_OThe arithmetic expression q_S= (1 + K) V / t_aIn
Enter, V_a= G × V relationship is obtained. Thus, hot water supply
Flow rate q_SQ_O= G × q_SHot water supply flow rate q_OSqueeze
And the water storage capacity of the water reservoir is V_O= Small size for G × V
Can be made into a pact.

[0013] In addition, the hot water flow rate q _O after the required heating time t _a
Back to q _S, hot water heater has stored the required heat capacity in the time t _a and supplies continue hot water for hot water supply set temperature by the heating amount corresponding to the hot water supply flow rate q _S. The required time t _{b for} the third hot water supply is t _b = V _O / q _S = Gt _a
The hot water supply temperature can be stabilized quickly.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT An embodiment of a hot water supply device of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. A hot water supply / heater 11 drives a pump 13 to heat hot water for heating which is heated and heated by a heating heater 12 as a circulation heater, and a hot water circulating circuit 14 is provided. Circulate. The heating / hot water circulation path 14 is connected to the hot water coil 16 in the radiator 15 via the water stop valve 14a, and the hot water coil 16 receives heat from the hot water for heating to heat the living room.
The hot water supply heater 11 is also provided with a hot water supply heater 17, and a water supply channel 18
Get water from. The hot water supply heater 17 controls the heating of the supplied water by the temperature sensor 17a to produce hot water for hot water supply, and supplies the hot water from the hot water supply passage 19 to the faucet 20 connected to the end. On the way to the hot water supply passage 19, a water reservoir 22 and a parallel hot water supply passage 23 which is a part of the hot water supply passage are provided.
And pipe in parallel with.

The reservoir 22 comprises a temperature sensor 22a for detecting have a reservoir of reservoir capacity V _O l, the heat exchanger 24 was wound in close contact with the outer peripheral portion, the reservoir temperature. Heat exchanger 24
Is branched from the heating / hot water circulation path 14 in parallel (although it may be in series), and both ends thereof are connected to the auxiliary circulation path 25 having a water shutoff valve 25a on the way.

The heating / hot water circulation path 14 also has a water shutoff valve 2 on the way.
The auxiliary circulation path 26 having 8a is provided, and the hot water supply path 27 which is a part of the hot water supply path 19 is connected by piping to a heat retainer 28 that heats by heat conduction. The hot water supply passage 27 is provided with a temperature sensor 27a for detecting the temperature of hot water inside. The water supply passage 18 is provided with a water flow sensor 29 for detecting the water supply flow, a water amount control valve 30 for controlling the flow rate of the water supply, and a water temperature sensor 18a for detecting the water supply temperature.

As shown by the broken line in the figure, the controller 31 is electrically connected to the water amount control valve 30 and the like, and transmits and receives signals to control the operation of the apparatus. Hot water heater 17 and heating heater 1
2 is heated by a burner 32 or the like, but the device such as fuel supply and the control operation are similar to those of the existing device, and therefore the description thereof is omitted.

The parallel hot water supply passage 23 and the water reservoir 22 divide the hot water for hot water supply at point P in the figure, and join again at point Q. This diversion ratio G can be arbitrarily adjusted by providing a flow rate adjusting unit (not shown) in the parallel hot water supply path 23 and the water reservoir 22, and is set to G = 1 now.

In order to make the apparatus compact and compact, the point is to reduce the capacity V _O of the water reservoir 22 to make it compact, and now set V _O = 1 l. And when the maximum heating capacity of the hot water heater 17 is set to 30,000 Kcal / hour and a thin copper plate or a thin copper tube (thickness of about 0.5 mm) is used, which is a so-called instantaneous heating type, the heat capacity is higher than that of the heating capacity. It becomes as small as about 1 to 3% of the heating amount. Thus, the required heating time to allow the hot water set temperature (hereinafter, also referred to as a start-up time) t _a is in the range of about 5 to 10 seconds as the instrument eigenvalues, and regardless of the height difference between the set temperature It can be regarded as a substantially constant value, and was set to 6 seconds in this device. Further, the throttle ratio G is set to 0.5 so that the water supply flow rate q _O of the first hot water supply is 1/2 of the water supply flow rate q _S after the second hot water supply.

Based on the above configuration, the operation will be described next with reference to FIG. 2 in accordance with a flow in which the hot water supply is divided into four from the first hot water supply to the fourth hot water supply.

When the faucet 20 of the first hot water supply is opened, the flow sensor 29 detects the flow rate q _S of the water supply passage 18 and the controller 31.
First stores this detection signal. Then, set the flow rate q _S to 1
It is detected as 0 l / min, and the water supply flow rate q _O of the first hot water supply is q _O = G
It is calculated that xq _S = 0.5 × 10 = 5 l / min, and the water flow control valve 30 throttles the feed water flow rate to 5 l / min by this instruction signal. The first hot water supply is hot water discharge to the hot water supply passage 27 by discharging the retained water remaining from the previous hot water supply. In this hot water supply, the heating heater 12 is in operation, and when the hot water supply is stopped, the hot water supply passage 27 has the warmer 2
It is heated by No. 8 and the retained water is maintained at the heat retention temperature T _D = 40 ° C. by the control of the temperature sensor 27a and the water shutoff valve 28a. The required time t _O of the first hot water supply is the amount of water held and the water supply flow rate q _O
And is on the elapsed time axis in the figure. Then, within this time t _O , a stable hot water supply temperature of 40 ° C. is provided.

Next, the second hot water supply will be described. When instructing the flow rate q _O , the controller 31 computes the heating heat quantity Q _O from the feed water temperature T _W detected by the water temperature sensor 18a, the set temperature T _S which is a reception signal, and the feed water flow rate q _O. Upon receiving the instruction signal based on this calculation, the hot water heater 17 heats and raises the temperature of the supplied water from the supplied water temperature T _W to the set temperature T _S so as to be able to be supplied over _a period of time ta. Range shown in A of this at time t _a figure, the set temperature T _S is zone unreached, hot water passage 23
The flow rate of 1 / 2q _O is supplied to the confluence point Q from.

On the other hand, the water reservoir 22 supplies the stored water to the confluence point Q by the inflow of the other 1/2 q _O flow rate. In the water reservoir 22, the hot water for heating of the auxiliary circulation path 25 is supplied to the heat exchanger 2 while the hot water supply is stopped.
It circulates to 4 and is heated by heat conduction.

The temperature sensor 22a has a predetermined temperature T _T (4
5 ° C.) is detected, the water shutoff valve 25a controls the hot water circulation, and the stored water temperature T _T is maintained at the temperature of 45 ° C. This 4
The stored water temperature of 5 ° C. and the temperature that has not reached the set temperature from the hot water supply heater 17, which is a part of A, are mixed and neutralized, and (T _T + (A
As shown in -1)), hot water is supplied at a hot water supply temperature that is slightly higher or lower than the set temperature T _S.

And, compared to the drop temperature (T _W + α) ≈13 ° C. without the water reservoir 22, an improvement for a 19 ° C. drop is available. The hot water supply time t _b coincides automatically the required heating time t _a.

Drop temperature T in the figure_LIs the predetermined of the water reservoir 22
Temperature T_T(45 ° C), the hot water supply heater 17 to the hot water supply passage 19
Temperature of hot water for hot water supply that has not yet been heated
(T _W+ Α) ≈13 ° C., which is the average value (about 32 ° C.).
Therefore, the temperature T_TIt is possible to raise the temperature further by increasing
But temperature T_HIs set in balance with keeping the
It That is, the temperature T_HIs the set temperature T_S= 40 ° C and temperature T
_TSince the average value of_SUp from
To minimize the temperature variation and to average out the temperature variations throughout.
Set. Temperature T_HSet temperature T_STo keep the
Degree T_TIs the set temperature T_SOne
You can make it match.

The third hot water supply is the hot water supply temperature T raised by the second hot water supply.
Promptly lower _H to the set temperature T _S. In the third hot water supply, the supply temperature from the parallel hot water supply passage 23 has already reached the set temperature T _S , and the supply temperature from the water reservoir 22 that neutralizes this temperature is 1 / on the time axis in the state of A above. It is supplied after shortening to 2. That is, the flow rate of the water reservoir 22 at this time is q
It changed from _O to q _S and doubled. Then, the hot water supply temperature that has risen from the set temperature T _S to the temperature T _H is quickly lowered to the set temperature T _S. Parallel hot water supply channel 2 at time t ₃
3 and each temperature from the water reservoir 22 reach the set temperature T _S , and then the fourth hot water supply is performed at the stable set temperature T _S.

Next, as another embodiment, the apparatus is simplified, and although not shown, the water amount control valve 29 is removed so that the water supply flow rate q _O of the first hot water supply is the same as the water supply flow rate q _S after the second hot water supply. If the capacity of the water reservoir is doubled to 2 l for this reason, the time required for the fourth hot water supply becomes 2 × t _b , and the stability of the hot water supply temperature is extended by the time t _b . FIG. 3 is an enlarged view in which the water reservoir 22 is connected in parallel to the parallel hot water supply path 23 at the diversion point P and the confluence point Q, and the hot water for hot water supply in the hot water supply path 19 has the flow rate q _S and the diversion point P.
At the same time, the flow rate q ₁ (5 l / min) is divided into the parallel hot water supply passage 23 and the flow amount q ₂ (5 l / min) is divided into the connection passage 23 a connecting the water reservoir 24.

The shunt of the flow rate q ₂ flows in from the inlet IN of the water reservoir 24, flows out from the outlet OUT into the connection path 23b, and becomes the flow rate q _S again at the confluence Q and flows into the downstream hot water supply path 27. At the inlet IN, the water flow is rapidly expanded to generate a swirl flow U _1, and at the outlet OUT, the water flow is contracted to generate a swirl flow U _2, and inside the water storage device 22 from the inlet IN to the outlet OUT as shown by the arrow. Flow occurs. Due to the swirling flows U ₁ and U ₂ and the flow of the arrow, the inflow water is stored from the outlet OUT in the order of inflow while being partially mixed with the warm water previously stored.

Further, the inflowing water comes into contact with each other to conduct heat, and when the temperature at the outlet OUT is high, a thermal convection is generated as shown by the broken line in the figure to uniformize the temperature.

For example, in the first hot water supply, the hot water heater 17
When the inflow water of A is replaced with the stored water, a temperature gradient is gradually generated in the stored water from the outlet OUT to the inlet IN as shown in the figure. At this time, the temperature T _{L of the} outlet OUT rises from the feed water temperature T _W (10 ° C.) to about 13 ° C.
If it is left as it is, it is heated by the heat exchanger 24, but is immediately pushed out from the outlet OUT by the inflow water and joins at the point Q. The inflow velocity at the inlet IN is proportional to the flow rate q ₂ , and q _S =
At 10 l / min, it has a double speed when q _O = 5 l / min, and the mixing and stirring rate due to the vortex flow U ₁ etc. also increases.

As described above, when the water storage section is provided in the middle of the water passage, it is possible to obtain the effect of alleviating the temperature non-uniformity due to the physical convection due to the flow and the thermal convection within the water storage. In particular, the effect of raising the low temperature portion can be expected when there is a temperature gradient. Then, in this second embodiment, the temperature T _L can be increased by about 1 ° C. as compared with the first embodiment. Further, when the volume V of the stored water is large and the inflow is the same, the retention time for storing the water becomes long, and the temperature rise due to the heating of the heat exchanger 24 is also added, which is against the downsizing of the equipment but can sufficiently oppose it. have.

Even when the warmer 28 is not provided, when the residual water temperature of the hot water supply passage 27 is short when the hot water supply stop time is short, it becomes high similarly to the above embodiment, and the same effect can be obtained.
Further, the connection of the auxiliary circulation path 25 to the heating hot water circulation path 14 is not limited to the parallel connection of the present embodiment, but may be connected in series to the low temperature return pipe from the radiator 16.

When the return temperature is low, the temperature sensor 22a and the water shutoff valve 25a are not added, and the advantage that the temperature T _T does not rise so much even if the heating is performed for some time can be obtained.

Further, the auxiliary circulation passages 25 and 26 may be connected in series to form one passage to simplify the apparatus. In addition to the above-mentioned embodiment, the present invention mainly aims to improve the hot water supply characteristics of the circulation heater, and is provided exclusively for keeping hot water of hot water for hot water supply or combined with a forced circulation device for bath water, and further, the above plurality of circulations. It is also possible to supply the circulating hot water to the heat exchanger by switching from.

[0037]

As has been made clear by the above explanation,
According to claim 1 of the hot water supply apparatus of the present invention, while hot water supply is stopped, circulating hot water in the hot water circulation path is circulated to the heat exchanger to preheat and retain the water stored in the water reservoir. By mixing with low temperature water below the set temperature from the vessel, it is possible to prevent the supply of cold water and to quickly supply hot water.

Following this hot water supply, the hot water for hot water which has reached the set temperature from the hot water heater is used to mix and neutralize low-temperature water below the set temperature from the water reservoir so that a sudden and large hot water supply temperature during hot water supply can be obtained. The decrease can be suppressed.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the heating time required for the hot water heater to supply the hot water for hot water supply at the set temperature is proportional to the throttling ratio of the water storage capacity of the water reservoir by throttling the hot water supply flow rate. It is possible to reduce the size and size of the device. Further, by returning the hot water supply flow rate to the initial set amount after the required heating time, the hot water supply temperature can quickly reach the set temperature, and the use performance can be further improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a hot water supply device of the present invention

[Figure 2] Same hot water supply characteristic diagram

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the water reservoir.

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a conventional hot water supply / room heating device.

[Fig. 5] (a) is the same hot water supply characteristic diagram (b) is the heating characteristic diagram of the same hot water heater

[Explanation of symbols]

 14 Heating Hot Water Circulation Path 17 Hot Water Supply Heater 22 Water Storage 23 Parallel Hot Water Supply Path 25 Auxiliary Circulation Path 30 Water Volume Control Valve 31 Controller

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A hot water circulation passage for heating circulation hot water by a circulation heater to forcibly circulate, a hot water supply heater for heating water supply from the water supply passage to hot water for hot water supply, and hot water supply for hot water supply from the hot water heater. A channel, a water reservoir that is arranged in parallel with the hot water supply channel and indirectly heats and heats the stored water having a capacity V by a heat exchanger, and an auxiliary circulation channel that branches from the hot water circulation channel and is connected to the heat exchanger. A flow rate q ₂ of hot water for hot water supply in a hot water supply passage parallel to the water reservoir, a supply flow rate q ₁ of the water reservoir, a diversion ratio K = q ₂ / q _{1 of} the flow rates q ₁ and q ₂ ,
The required heating time t _a from the initial operation of the hot water supply heater to the supply of hot water for hot water supply at the set temperature is set, and q _s = q ₁ + q
₂ = (1 + K) × V / t _a Calculated water flow rate q _S
A hot water supply apparatus including a controller for instructing the water supply and a water amount control valve for controlling the water supply flow rate q _S of the water supply passage according to the instruction of the controller. Wherein the water supply flow rate in the required heating time t _a q _O
= 1 is set smaller than the aperture ratio G as G × q _S, the volume V of the water reservoir to a volume V ₀ indicated by V ₀ = G × V, the feed water flow rate and water supply flow rate q _S after the required heating time t _a hot water supply device according to claim 1, further comprising a controller for instructing the q _O.