JPH05161821A - Treatment of exhaust gas - Google Patents

Treatment of exhaust gas

Info

Publication number
JPH05161821A
JPH05161821A JP3330990A JP33099091A JPH05161821A JP H05161821 A JPH05161821 A JP H05161821A JP 3330990 A JP3330990 A JP 3330990A JP 33099091 A JP33099091 A JP 33099091A JP H05161821 A JPH05161821 A JP H05161821A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
exhaust gas
gas
discharge
treatment method
slaked lime
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP3330990A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Senichi Masuda
閃一 増田
Yoshikazu Sakakibara
嘉一 榊原
Hidehiro Kito
栄寛 木藤
Shigeo Saiki
茂夫 斉木
Kaneyuki Onishi
謙之 大西
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NIPPON HAKUYO KIKI KAIHATSU KYOKAI
Takuma Co Ltd
Takuma Research and Development Co Ltd
Original Assignee
NIPPON HAKUYO KIKI KAIHATSU KYOKAI
Takuma Co Ltd
Takuma Research and Development Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by NIPPON HAKUYO KIKI KAIHATSU KYOKAI, Takuma Co Ltd, Takuma Research and Development Co Ltd filed Critical NIPPON HAKUYO KIKI KAIHATSU KYOKAI
Priority to JP3330990A priority Critical patent/JPH05161821A/en
Publication of JPH05161821A publication Critical patent/JPH05161821A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an exhaust gas treatment method low in running cost and capable of achieving high removing efficiency. CONSTITUTION:An exhaust gas treatment method consists of an oxidizing process A oxidizing the gas components in exhaust gas by performing discharge in the exhaust gas, a solidifying process B sprinkling a powder or slurry of slaked lime into the exhaust gas to neutralize and solidify the oxidized gas components and a collecting process C collecting the solidified gas components by a filter.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、ゴミ焼却炉などから排
出される排ガス中の窒素酸化物(NOx)、イオウ酸化物
(SOx)、水銀等のガス成分及び煤塵を除去する排ガス
処理方法で、詳しくは、排ガス中で放電(火花放電、ア
ーク放電、コロナ放電、グロー放電等)することによ
り、排ガス中のO2、N2、H2Oへの電子の射突でO、N、OH
等のラジカルを生成して、これらを活性種として排ガス
中のNO、SO2、Hg等のガス成分を酸化処理する酸化行程
と、酸化したガス成分を中和して固体化する固体化行程
と、その固体化したガス成分を捕集する捕集行程とから
なる方法に関する。
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an exhaust gas treatment for removing gas components such as nitrogen oxides (NO x ), sulfur oxides (SO x ), mercury, etc., and soot in exhaust gas discharged from garbage incinerators and the like. More specifically, by discharging in the exhaust gas (spark discharge, arc discharge, corona discharge, glow discharge, etc.), O 2 , N 2 and H 2 O in the exhaust gas are bombarded with electrons to generate O, N , OH
NOx, SO 2 , Hg and other gas components in the exhaust gas using these radicals as active species to oxidize them, and a solidification process to neutralize and solidify the oxidized gas components. , A collecting step for collecting the solidified gas component.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】前記固体化行程では、排ガス中にアンモ
ニアガス(NH3)を注入することにより、窒素酸化物、
イオウ酸化物をそれぞれ硝安、硫安の複塩として固体化
し、捕集行程では、電気集塵機を用いて捕集していた。
また、アンモニアガスでなく、消石灰(Ca(OH)2)の粉
末を酸化処理後の排ガス中に散布することにより、酸化
したガス成分を中和して塩とすることも考えられてい
た。
2. Description of the Related Art In the above solidification process, nitrogen oxides are injected by injecting ammonia gas (NH 3 ) into exhaust gas.
Sulfur oxides were solidified as double salts of ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate, respectively, and were collected using an electric dust collector in the collecting process.
It has also been considered that the hydrated lime (Ca (OH) 2 ) powder, instead of ammonia gas, is sprayed into the exhaust gas after the oxidation treatment to neutralize the oxidized gas component to form a salt.

【0003】[0003]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、上記従来の技
術によるときは、固体化行程で単価の高いアンモニアガ
スを使用するため、ランニングコストが非常に高くつい
ていた。しかも、排ガス中に塩化水素が共存する場合、
排ガス中へのアンモニアガスの注入によりその塩化水素
を中和できるものの、塩化水素は、337℃で昇華する
塩化アンモニウムのフュームとして固体化するのであっ
て、排ガスの温度はそのフュームの昇華温度以上である
から、塩化水素を固体化できず、捕集することができな
い。また、排ガス温度を下げて塩化水素を塩化アンモニ
ウムのフュームとして固体化した場合であっても、塩化
アンモニウムのフュームは、200℃程度でも非常な微
細粒子であるためか、電気集塵機を殆ど素通りして捕集
されないことが判明している。他方、アンモニアガスで
なく消石灰を用いて固体化する考えは、電気集塵機での
酸化したガス成分と消石灰との接触効率が悪いので、例
えば、アンモニアガス使用の場合の脱硫及び脱硝が75
%及び35%の除去効率で行われるのに対して、30%
及び15%といったように脱硫、脱硝のいずれもが半分
以下の除去効率でしか行えなく、実際には、実用不可で
ある。本発明の目的は、ランニングコストが低く、しか
も、高い除去効率を達成することができる排ガス処理方
法を提供する点にある。
However, according to the above-mentioned conventional technique, the running cost is very high because the ammonia gas having a high unit price is used in the solidification process. Moreover, when hydrogen chloride coexists in the exhaust gas,
Although hydrogen chloride can be neutralized by injecting ammonia gas into the exhaust gas, hydrogen chloride solidifies as a fumes of ammonium chloride that sublimes at 337 ° C, and the temperature of the exhaust gas is higher than the sublimation temperature of the fume. Therefore, hydrogen chloride cannot be solidified and cannot be collected. Even when the exhaust gas temperature is lowered and hydrogen chloride is solidified as a fumes of ammonium chloride, the fumes of ammonium chloride are very fine particles even at about 200 ° C. It is known to not be captured. On the other hand, the idea of solidifying by using slaked lime instead of ammonia gas is because contact efficiency between the oxidized gas component and slaked lime in the electrostatic precipitator is poor.
% And 35% removal efficiency compared to 30%
And 15%, both desulfurization and denitration can be performed only with a removal efficiency of less than half, which is practically impossible. An object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas treatment method which has a low running cost and can achieve high removal efficiency.

【0004】[0004]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の排ガス処理方法
の特徴は、放電による酸化行程と、固体化行程と、捕集
行程とからなる排ガス処理方法において、前記固体化行
程を、排ガス中に消石灰の粉末又はスラリーを散布する
ことにより行い、前記捕集行程を、フィルタを用いて行
う点にある。そして、前記放電は、ナノセカンドパルス
コロナ放電又は沿面放電であることが好ましい。
The feature of the exhaust gas treatment method of the present invention is that in the exhaust gas treatment method comprising an oxidation process by discharge, a solidification process, and a collection process, the solidification process is performed in the exhaust gas. It is performed by spraying slaked lime powder or slurry, and the collecting step is performed using a filter. The discharge is preferably nanosecond pulse corona discharge or creeping discharge.

【0005】[0005]

【作用】酸化しガス成分を中和して塩、つまり、固体に
するための薬剤として消石灰の粉末又はスラリーを用い
るから、消石灰の単価がアンモニアガスに比べて安いこ
とによりアンモニアガスを用いると同じ当量の消石灰を
もちいても、固体化するに要するコストが安いことはも
ちろん、排ガス中に塩化水素等の酸性ガスが共存してい
る場合には排ガス温度を低下させることなく、その塩化
水素等の酸性ガスも塩として固体化でき、かつ、消石灰
との反応でできる生成塩(Ca(NO3)2、CaSO 2、HgCln、Ca
Cl2等)はアンモニア塩よりも粒径が大きいので捕集し
易い。そして、バッグフィルタ等のフィルタを用いて生
成塩を捕集するから、除去効率が良い。つまり、排ガス
中に噴霧された消石灰の粉末又はスラリーはフィルタの
表面全体に厚く付着して、フィルタの表面はいわば消石
灰でコーティングされるから、酸化したガス成分はこの
消石灰の厚いコーティング層を透過しなければならず、
その結果、酸化したガス成分の消石灰との接触効率が極
めて高い。特に、ナノセカンドパルスコロナ放電や沿面
放電(無声放電)とした場合には、電子温度が高く、分
子温度が低い非平衡プラズマができるので、成分ガスの
酸化を最も効率良く行わせ得る。
[Function] Oxidizes and neutralizes gas components to form salt, that is, solid
Use slaked lime powder or slurry as a drug to
Therefore, the unit price of slaked lime is lower than that of ammonia gas.
By using ammonia gas the same equivalent of slaked lime
Even if you use it, the cost to solidify is also cheap
Of course, acidic gas such as hydrogen chloride coexists in the exhaust gas.
In the case of chlorination without reducing the exhaust gas temperature.
Acid gases such as hydrogen can also be solidified as salts, and slaked lime
The salt formed by the reaction with (Ca (NO3)2, CaSO 2, HgCln, Ca
Cl2Etc.) have a larger particle size than ammonia salt,
easy. Then, using a filter such as a bag filter,
Since the formed salt is collected, the removal efficiency is good. That is, exhaust gas
The slaked lime powder or slurry sprayed into the filter
Thickly adheres to the entire surface, and the surface of the filter is so to speak
As it is coated with ash, the oxidized gas component is
Must penetrate a thick coating layer of slaked lime,
As a result, the contact efficiency of oxidized gas components with slaked lime is extremely high.
Very expensive Especially, nanosecond pulse corona discharge and creeping
When the discharge (silent discharge) is used, the electron temperature is high and
Since non-equilibrium plasma with low child temperature is created,
The oxidation can be performed most efficiently.

【0006】[0006]

【発明の効果】従って、本発明によれば、低ランニング
コストで、かつ、高除去効率で、排ガス中に存在する窒
素酸化物やイオウ酸化物、水銀を除去でき、しかも、排
ガス中に塩化水素等の酸性ガスが共存していてもそれを
も同時に除去できる排ガス処理方法を提供できるように
なった。特に、請求項2記載のようにすれば、より一層
効率の良い除去を行える。
According to the present invention, therefore, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, and mercury present in exhaust gas can be removed with low running cost and high removal efficiency, and hydrogen chloride can be contained in the exhaust gas. It has become possible to provide an exhaust gas treatment method capable of simultaneously removing acid gases such as the above even if they coexist. Particularly, according to the second aspect, the removal can be performed more efficiently.

【0007】[0007]

【実施例】図1、図2に示すように、炉(ゴミ焼却炉
等)などの燃焼部1から排出される排ガスG中のガス成
分(NO、SO2、Hg等)を、煙突2から外部に排出する前
に除去する排ガス処理方法は、排ガスGが送られてくる
放電部3において、排ガスG中で放電することによりそ
の排ガスGのガス成分を酸化処理する酸化行程Aと、酸
化したガス成分を固体化する固体化行程Bと、固体化さ
れたガス成分を捕集する捕集行程Cとからなる。前記放
電部3での放電は、火花放電、アーク放電、グロー放
電、コロナ放電等のいずれでも良いが、最も効率良く酸
化を行わせる上で、電子温度は高いが分子温度は低い非
平衡プラズマが望ましいことから、ナノセカンドパルス
コロナ放電や沿面放電が好ましい。前記酸化行程Aで
は、放電に伴う排ガスG中のO2、N2、H2O等への電子の
射突によりO、N、OH等のラジカルを生成し、これらラジ
カルがNO、SO2、Hg等のガス成分を酸化させる活性種と
して作用することでガス成分がNO2、SO3、HgnO等に酸化
される。前記固体化行程Bは、前記放電部3から捕集部
4へのガス供給路5に消石灰(Ca(OH)2)Dの粉末又は
スラリーを散布することにより、酸化したガス成分を中
和して塩を生成することで固体化し、かつ、排ガスG中
に塩化水素等の酸性ガスが共存している場合にはその酸
性ガスをも中和して固体化する行程である。前記捕集行
程Cは、フィルタの一例であるバッグフィルタ6で固体
化した微粒子を捕集する行程である。前記酸化行程Aで
の酸化反応の一例としては、 NO+O→NO2 NO2+OH→HNO3 SO2+O→SO3 Hg+O→HgO を挙げることができ、また、塩化水素が共存する場合の
中和反応の一例としては、 2HNO3+Ca(OH)2→Ca(NO3)2+2H2O NO+NO2+Ca(OH)2→Ca(NO2)2・H2O SO3+Ca(OH)2→CaSO2+H2O Hg+nCl→HgCln 2HCl+Ca(OH)2→CaCl2+H2O を挙げることができる。
EXAMPLES As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, gas components (NO, SO 2 , Hg, etc.) in exhaust gas G discharged from a combustion section 1 such as a furnace (garbage incinerator, etc.) are discharged from a chimney 2. The exhaust gas treatment method of removing the exhaust gas before it is discharged to the outside is the oxidation step A in which the gas component of the exhaust gas G is oxidized by discharging in the exhaust gas G in the discharge part 3 to which the exhaust gas G is sent. It comprises a solidification step B for solidifying the gas component and a collection step C for collecting the solidified gas component. The discharge in the discharge unit 3 may be spark discharge, arc discharge, glow discharge, corona discharge, or the like, but non-equilibrium plasma having a high electron temperature but a low molecular temperature is used for the most efficient oxidation. Because of their desirability, nanosecond pulse corona discharge and creeping discharge are preferable. In the oxidation step A, radicals such as O, N, and OH are generated by bombardment of electrons with O 2 , N 2 , H 2 O, etc. in the exhaust gas G due to discharge, and these radicals generate NO, SO 2 , By acting as an active species that oxidizes gas components such as Hg, the gas components are oxidized to NO 2 , SO 3 , Hg n O, and the like. The solidification step B neutralizes the oxidized gas component by spraying powder or slurry of slaked lime (Ca (OH) 2 ) D on the gas supply path 5 from the discharge part 3 to the collection part 4. This is a process of solidifying by generating salt and solidifying by neutralizing the acidic gas such as hydrogen chloride when coexisting in the exhaust gas G. The collecting step C is a step of collecting fine particles solidified by the bag filter 6 which is an example of a filter. As an example of the oxidation reaction in the oxidation step A, there may be mentioned NO + O → NO 2 NO 2 + OH → HNO 3 SO 2 + O → SO 3 Hg + O → HgO, and the neutralization reaction when hydrogen chloride coexists. As an example, 2HNO 3 + Ca (OH) 2 → Ca (NO 3 ) 2 + 2H 2 O NO + NO 2 + Ca (OH) 2 → Ca (NO 2 ) 2 · H 2 O SO 3 + Ca (OH) 2 → CaSO 2 + H 2 O Hg + nCl → HgCl n 2 HCl + Ca (OH) 2 → CaCl 2 + H 2 O can be mentioned.

【0008】〔実験例〕実際の都市ゴミ焼却炉からの排
ガスGを上記本発明の方法で処理した。 実験条件 〔炉出口での排ガスの組成〕 HCl;800ppm, NOx;100ppm, SOx;80ppm, Hg;0.5mg/Nm3 〔炉出口での排ガスの温度〕 200 ℃ 〔排ガス量〕 20Nm3/hr 〔放電条件〕 放電の種類;短パルスコロナ放電 印加電圧 ;50KV 〔バッグフィルタの材質〕 ガラス繊維織布 〔テスト結果(除去効率)〕 HCl;98%, NOx;80%, SOx;95%, Hg;95%
[Experimental Example] Exhaust gas G from an actual municipal waste incinerator was treated by the method of the present invention. Experimental conditions [Composition of exhaust gas at furnace outlet] HCl; 800ppm, NO x ; 100ppm, SO x ; 80ppm, Hg; 0.5mg / Nm 3 [Exhaust gas temperature at furnace outlet] 200 ℃ [Exhaust gas amount] 20Nm 3 / hr [Discharge conditions] Discharge type: Short pulse corona discharge Applied voltage: 50 KV [Bag filter material] Glass fiber woven cloth [Test results (removal efficiency)] HCl; 98%, NO x ; 80%, SO x ; 95 %, Hg; 95%

【0009】尚、特許請求の範囲の項に図面との対照を
便利にするために符号を記すが、該記入により本発明は
添付図面の構成に限定されるものではない。
It should be noted that reference numerals are given in the claims for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the configurations of the accompanying drawings by the entry.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図1】ブロック図FIG. 1 Block diagram

【図2】システムの概念図[Figure 2] Conceptual diagram of the system

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

A 酸化行程 B 固体化行程 C 捕集行程 G 排ガス D 消石灰 6 フィルタ A Oxidation process B Solidification process C Collection process G Exhaust gas D Slaked lime 6 Filter

【手続補正書】[Procedure amendment]

【提出日】平成3年12月20日[Submission date] December 20, 1991

【手続補正1】[Procedure Amendment 1]

【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement

【補正対象項目名】請求項1[Name of item to be corrected] Claim 1

【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change

【補正内容】[Correction content]

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 増田 閃一 東京都北区西ヶ原3―2―1―415号 (72)発明者 榊原 嘉一 大阪府大阪市北区堂島浜一丁目3番23号 株式会社タクマ内 (72)発明者 木藤 栄寛 大阪府大阪市北区堂島浜一丁目3番23号 株式会社タクマ内 (72)発明者 斉木 茂夫 大阪府大阪市北区堂島浜一丁目3番23号 株式会社タクマ内 (72)発明者 大西 謙之 大阪府大阪市北区堂島浜一丁目3番23号 株式会社田熊総合研究所内 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Sengichi Masuda 3-2-4-1-415 Nishigahara, Kita-ku, Tokyo (72) Inventor Kaichi Sakakibara 1-3-23 Dojimahama, Kita-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Stocks Company Takuma (72) Inventor Eihiro Kitoh 1-32 Dojimahama, Kita-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Takuma Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Shigeo Saiki 1-3-23 Dojimahama, Kita-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka In Takuma (72) Inventor Kenyuki Ohnishi 1-32 Dojimahama, Kita-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Inside Takuma Research Institute, Inc.

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 排ガスG中で放電することによりその排
ガスG中のガス成分を酸化処理する酸化行程Aと、酸化
したガス成分を中和して固体化する固体化行程Bと、そ
の固体化したガス成分を捕集する捕集行程Cとからなる
排ガス処理方法であって、前記固体化行程Bを、排ガス
G中に消石灰Dの粉末又はスラリーを散布することによ
り行い、前記捕集行程Cを、フィルタ6を用いて行う排
ガス処理方法。
1. An oxidation process A in which a gas component in the exhaust gas G is oxidized by discharging in the exhaust gas G, a solidification process B in which the oxidized gas component is neutralized and solidified, and the solidification process. And a collection step C for collecting the gas component, wherein the solidification step B is performed by spraying a powder or slurry of slaked lime D into the exhaust gas G, and the collection step C is performed. An exhaust gas treatment method using the filter 6.
【請求項2】 前記放電が、ナノセカンドパルスコロナ
放電又は沿面放電である請求項1記載の排ガス処理方
法。
2. The exhaust gas treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the discharge is nanosecond pulse corona discharge or creeping discharge.
JP3330990A 1991-12-16 1991-12-16 Treatment of exhaust gas Pending JPH05161821A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP3330990A JPH05161821A (en) 1991-12-16 1991-12-16 Treatment of exhaust gas

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP3330990A JPH05161821A (en) 1991-12-16 1991-12-16 Treatment of exhaust gas

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH05161821A true JPH05161821A (en) 1993-06-29

Family

ID=18238607

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP3330990A Pending JPH05161821A (en) 1991-12-16 1991-12-16 Treatment of exhaust gas

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH05161821A (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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KR101290660B1 (en) * 2012-05-15 2013-07-30 인하대학교 산학협력단 The eliminating method of hydrogen sulfide gas by electric precipitator
KR101290661B1 (en) * 2012-05-15 2013-07-30 인하대학교 산학협력단 The eliminating method of ammonia gas by electric precipitator
CN105056723A (en) * 2015-07-29 2015-11-18 浙江富春江环保热电股份有限公司 Twin-tower type flue gas deep purification device through plasma coupling and sodium based absorption and method thereof

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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