JPH05161413A - Car speed controller for combine harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To minimize bad influences of car speed control on the basis of an engine load exerted on threshing or grading performances. CONSTITUTION:In a car speed controller for a combine harvester equipped with a car speed controlling means 19 for operating the speed change of an infinite variable speed device 16 for travel at a prescribed speed so as to maintain a load of an engine (E) sensed by a load sensing means 27 within the target load range, a crop setting means 26 for changing over the kind of the object crop for threshing is installed and the car speed controlling means 19 changes the speed at which the operation to change the speed of the infinite variable speed device is performed into a speed determined according to the crop based on the information set by the crop setting means 26.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vehicle speed control for shifting a traveling continuously variable transmission at a predetermined speed so that an engine load detected by a load detecting means is maintained within a target load range. The present invention relates to a combine vehicle speed control device including means.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a vehicle speed is automatically controlled so that the engine capacity is maximized in accordance with the load applied to a combine during a mowing operation. In other words, if the engine load is lower than the target load range, the vehicle speed is increased to increase the amount of material to be cut (threshed) per unit time, and if the engine load is higher than the target load range, the vehicle speed is reduced to Reduce the amount of mowing (threshing) processed material.

This change in vehicle speed is performed by a continuously variable transmission using a hydraulic transmission, for example. Then, the speed at which the continuously variable transmission is shifted is changed according to the deviation between the present load and the target load, so that the present load is controlled to be settled quickly and smoothly within the target load range.

[0004]

However, depending on the type of crop, a rapid change in vehicle speed may adversely affect threshing performance and sorting performance. For example, rice has poor shedding properties compared to wheat and soybeans, so there are many processed products in the handling room (longer).
Need to stay. In this case, if the vehicle speed drastically increases and the threshed material amount drastically increases, damage or removal of the grain due to excessive threshing occurs. In addition, there is a possibility that the processed product may be clogged. Conversely, when the vehicle speed decreases sharply,
In the case of wheat and soybean, the amount of threshed products tends to decrease more rapidly than in rice, and such a sharp decrease in the amount of threshed products causes an increase in threshing omissions and deterioration of sorting performance.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to minimize the adverse effect of vehicle speed control based on engine load on threshing performance and sorting performance.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A vehicle speed control system for a combine according to the present invention provides a continuously variable transmission for traveling in a predetermined manner so that an engine load detected by a load detection means is maintained within a target load range. A vehicle speed control means for changing gears at a speed is provided, and the characteristic configuration thereof is a crop setting means for switching the type of threshing target crop, and the vehicle speed control means is set information of the crop setting means. On the basis of the above, the speed at which the continuously variable transmission is operated to be changed is changed to a speed determined according to the crop.

[0007]

According to the above characteristic structure, the speed at which the continuously variable transmission for traveling is shifted is changed to an appropriate speed determined according to the crop based on the setting information of the crop setting means. .. For example, when the crop setting means is set to rice, the speed of the speed change operation at the time of increasing the speed is made slower than when the crop setting means is set to wheat or soybean. As a result, excessive threshing and the like that accompany a rapid increase in the amount of threshed products are mitigated.

Alternatively, when wheat or soybean is set, the speed of gear shifting operation during deceleration is made slower than when rice is set. As a result, threshing leakage and deterioration of the sorting performance due to a rapid decrease in the amount of the threshed material are alleviated.

[0009]

Therefore, by properly setting the crop setting means, the adverse effect of the vehicle speed control based on the engine load on the threshing performance and the sorting performance can be reduced.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First, FIG. 6 shows a side view of the entire combine. A cockpit 2, a threshing device 3 and the like are mounted on a machine body V including a pair of left and right crawler traveling devices 1, and a cutting device 4 is provided in front of the machine body V so as to be vertically movable. The mowing device 4 includes a weeding tool 5, a scraping device 6, a mowing blade 7, an auger 8 for collecting the crops collected in the lateral center of the machine body, and a conveyor 9 for conveying the collected crops to the threshing device 3. ing.

The threshing device 3 includes a threshing section (hereinafter referred to as a handling room) A provided with a handling barrel 10 and a receiving net 11 which rotate around the longitudinal axis of the machine body V, and a leakage process from the handling room A. It consists of a sorting unit B that sorts and collects grains from the object. Sorting section B
Although details are not shown, a swinging sorting plate for separating and sorting grains and straw waste, a thyme that generates a wind that blows away straw waste, a collection device that collects the sorted grain, etc. are provided. Has been.

Crop (grain culm) such as rice, wheat, soybean, etc., which is cut by the cutting device 4 and conveyed to the threshing device 3 by the auger 8 and the conveyor 9, is supplied to the handling room A and is rotated by the handling barrel 10. Threshed. At the front of the handling room A, a grain culm detection switch S1 for detecting whether or not grain culm is supplied.
Is provided. The grain culm detection switch S1 is attached inside the ceiling cover 12 of the handling room A, as shown in FIG.
It consists of a contact piece that oscillates downward in the direction of rotation of the handling cylinder 10, and a switch that turns on when the contact piece swings due to contact with the grain stem. Therefore, the grain culm detection switch S1 is turned off when the grain culm is not supplied to the handling room A, and is turned on when the grain culm is supplied.

The grain culms (processed matter) in the handling room A are transferred to the rear of the machine while threshing by the handling teeth spirally provided around the handling barrel 10, and transferred from the rear end of the receiving net 11 to the sorting section. B
To fall. Then, after the dust particles and the like are collected by the swing selection plate, the straw waste is discharged to the outside of the machine. The dust transfer valve 13 for adjusting the residence time in the treatment chamber of the treatment chamber by facilitating or suppressing the rearward transfer of the treatment substance in the handling chamber and thus optimizing the threshing condition is provided in the ceiling of the treatment chamber. It is provided on the inner surface of the cover 12.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, a plurality of plate-shaped dust feed valves 13 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the direction of the axis of rotation of the handling cylinder. Each dust-sending valve 13 is pivotally attached to the ceiling cover 12 so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis, and the whole dust-sending valve 1 is provided by link mechanisms 14 and 15 provided outside the ceiling cover 12.
3 is configured to rotate simultaneously while maintaining the parallel state.

That is, a link 14 which rotates together with each dust feed valve 13 is pivotally connected by a single link 15, and the rotation angle (opening) of each dust feed valve 13 is simultaneously controlled by a motor M within a predetermined range. It is configured to be modifiable. This motor M
Is driven in the forward and reverse directions by the control means H described later.
Further, a potentiometer type dust delivery valve opening sensor S2 for detecting the rotation angle (opening) of the dust delivery valve 13 is provided.

Rotation range of the dust delivery valve 13 (opening adjustment range)
Is restricted from the position (+ 20 °) shown by the broken line in FIG. 8 to the position (−10 °) shown by the chain double-dashed line. The position indicated by the broken line is the fully opened state, and in this state, the backward transfer of the processed material is most promoted. On the contrary, in the fully closed state indicated by the chain double-dashed line, the backward transfer of the processed material is most suppressed. The opening of the dust delivery valve 13 is adjusted according to the set value of the dust delivery valve adjustment VR (not shown). Further, the reference opening degree is changed and set according to the type of crop based on the setting information of the crop setting means 26 described later. That is, the reference opening degree increases in the order of rice, wheat and soybean.

Next, the vehicle speed control will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the power of the engine E is transmitted to the traveling continuously variable transmission 16 by a transmission system including a belt and a pulley.
Further, the crawler traveling device 1 is transmitted via the mechanical mission 17.
Have been transmitted to. The continuously variable transmission 16 is a hydrostatic transmission including a variable displacement hydraulic pump and a constant displacement hydraulic motor, and changes the discharge amount and the direction by changing the angle of the variable swash plate in the hydraulic pump. Change the rotation speed and rotation direction of the motor output shaft.

The variable swash plate in the hydraulic pump is driven by the electric motor 18 for changing the vehicle speed and changes its angle. Then, the electric motor 18 is driven in the forward and reverse directions by the control means H configured by using a microcomputer. Therefore, the vehicle speed control means 19 provided in the control means H operates the continuously variable transmission 16 via the electric motor 18.

The vehicle speed control means 19 drives the electric motor 18 in the forward / reverse direction to operate the continuously variable transmission 16 to the speed increasing side or the decelerating side, and changes the drive duty ratio to continuously variable transmission 16. You can change the speed at which you operate. Further, the continuously variable transmission 16 is configured so that it can also be manually operated to change gears by the gearshift lever 20 provided in the cockpit 2.
8 is linked via a friction type transmission mechanism 21.
Therefore, when the electric motor 18 is operated, the shift lever 2
0 moves.

The power of the engine E is also transmitted to the threshing device 3 and the harvesting device 4 by a transmission system including a belt and a pulley. A belt tension type threshing clutch 22 and a reaping clutch 23 are provided on the respective transmission paths, and the respective operating levers 22a and 23a are provided with a threshing clutch switch S3 which is turned on when the clutch is in an operating state, and a reaper. A clutch switch S4 is provided. The detection information of both clutch switches S3 and S4 is input to the control means H together with the grain culm detection switch S1 and the dust sending valve opening sensor S2 described above.

In addition, an electromagnetic pickup S5 for generating a sine wave having a frequency proportional to the engine speed, and a signal having a pulse number proportional to the engine speed of the drive wheels of the crawler traveling device 1 provided in the mission section are generated. A vehicle speed detection means (hereinafter referred to as a vehicle speed sensor) S6 and a speed change lever upper limit switch S7 which is turned on when the speed change lever 20 reaches a limit position on the forward speed increasing side are provided, and the detection information thereof is also input to the control means H. Has been done.

Further, the cockpit 2 has an upper limit vehicle speed setting means 2
4, vehicle speed auto switch 25, and crop setting means 26 are provided, and the setting information of these is also input to the control means H. The upper limit vehicle speed setting means 24 is a variable resistor for adjusting the upper limit vehicle speed (maximum vehicle speed) according to the field conditions and the like, and the upper limit vehicle speed is 0.3 m / in proportion to the rotation angle of the knob.
It is set in the range of s to 2.0 m / s. The vehicle speed auto switch 25 is an illuminated push-button switch for switching whether or not to execute (automatic) vehicle speed control described below, and the crop setting means 26 is for switching and setting crops to be cut (rice, wheat, soybean). Is a changeover switch.

The control means H (vehicle speed control means 19) controls the vehicle speed by driving the electric motor 18 for changing the vehicle speed in the forward / reverse direction at a predetermined duty ratio based on the input information as described above. Hereinafter, description will be given based on the flowcharts of FIGS. 2 and 3. First, in process (a), the starting condition for vehicle speed control is checked. That is, the vehicle speed auto switch 25, the threshing clutch switch S3, the harvesting clutch switch S4,
If the grain culm detection switch S1 is on, the back switch is off, and the vehicle speed is 0.1 m / s or more, the start condition is satisfied and the process (b) proceeds to the following process, but either condition must be satisfied. If so, the process branches to acceleration / deceleration stop processing. Although not shown in FIG. 1, the back switch is a switch that is turned off in the forward movement region and turned on in the backward movement region of the shift lever 20.

In the process (b), the load on the engine E is detected from the decrease in the rotation speed of the engine E during the mowing and threshing work. That is, in another processing routine, the maximum value of the engine speed when the cutting clutch switch S4 is on and the vehicle speed is less than 0.1 m / s is stored as the reference speed (R), and in this processing, , The difference between the reference rotation speed (R) and the current rotation speed (r) is calculated as the load L. Therefore, the load detection means 27 is configured inside the control means H.

The vehicle speed control means 19 shifts the continuously variable transmission 16 so that the load L detected by the load detection means 27 is maintained within the target load range. The speed of the shifting operation depends on the crop. Change to the speed decided. For this purpose, first, in the process (c), the setting information of the crop setting means 26, that is, the crop switching position (rice, wheat, soybean) is checked.

If the crop is rice, the speed and direction of the gear shifting operation, that is, the acceleration / deceleration output is set based on the table of FIG. 4 and the table of FIG. 5 if the crop is wheat or soybean. The acceleration / deceleration output is the electric motor 18 for changing the vehicle speed described above.
Is a rotation direction and a duty ratio when driving, and the output is accelerated or decelerated depending on the rotation direction, and the duty ratio is represented by an on time and an off time. However, the on-time is fixed (40 ms) and the off-time is changed. Therefore, the longer the off time, the slower the speed of the gear shifting operation.

As can be seen from FIGS. 4 and 5, when the load L is within the predetermined range (target load range), the output is neutral and the on-time of the electric motor 18 is zero. That is, neither acceleration nor deceleration is performed. If the load L is smaller than the target load range, the output is a speed-up output, and the further away from the target load range, the faster the speed change operation. On the contrary, if the load L is larger than the target load range, the output is deceleration output, and the speed of the gear shifting operation becomes faster as the distance from the target load range increases.

Further, the speed of the shifting operation in the speed-up output is set to be slower for rice than for wheat and soybean in the same load range. On the contrary, the speed of shifting operation in deceleration output is set slower for wheat and soybean than for rice for the same load range. Incidentally, the deceleration output generally makes the speed of the shift operation slower than the speed-up output.

Next, after the deviation between the upper limit vehicle speed and the current vehicle speed is obtained in process (d), the process is branched depending on whether the acceleration / deceleration output set in FIGS. 4 and 5 is an acceleration output, a neutral output or a deceleration output. To do. If neutral, acceleration / deceleration stop, that is, electric motor 18
When the deceleration output is performed, the deceleration output set in FIGS. 4 and 5 is performed. However, the current vehicle speed is 0.3
If it is less than m / s, the flow branches to acceleration / deceleration stop.

If the output is a speed-up output, it is first checked whether or not the shift lever upper limit switch S7 is turned on, and if it is on, the flow branches to acceleration / deceleration stop. If off, process (d)
The vehicle branches depending on the deviation between the upper limit vehicle speed obtained in step 1 and the current vehicle speed. If the deviation is 0.1 m / s or more, that is, if the current vehicle speed is 0.1 m / s or more slower than the upper limit vehicle speed, the speed increasing output set in FIGS. 4 and 5 is executed, and the deviation is 0.02 m / s. s
In the case of ˜0.1 m / s, the speed-up output is executed at rank +1 in FIGS. 4 and 5.

The deviation is -0.02 m / s to 0.02 m / s.
In case of, the neutral output (acceleration / deceleration stop) is executed as a dead zone. When the deviation is −0.1 m / s to −0.02 m / s, the deceleration output is rank −1 in FIGS. 4 and 5, and the deceleration output is −0.1 m / s.
In the following cases, the deceleration output is executed at rank-3 in FIGS. 4 and 5 so that the current vehicle speed does not exceed the upper limit vehicle speed (steadily).

Other examples will be listed below. In the above embodiment, the scraping device 6 is a reel that rotates around the horizontal axis, and its rotation speed changes in proportion to the vehicle speed. The proportional coefficient (reel rotation speed / vehicle speed) ) May be changed and set based on the setting information of the crop setting means 26.

In the above embodiment, the engine load is detected from the decrease in the engine speed during the cutting and threshing work. However, for example, a torque sensor is provided in the transmission path from the engine to the threshing device. Various configurations are conceivable for the load detecting means.

The continuously variable transmission is not limited to the hydrostatic transmission of the embodiment, and various continuously variable transmissions can be used, and the method of changing the speed of the gear shifting operation is not limited to the method of controlling the duty of the electric motor. Various methods such as duty control of the electromagnetic solenoid can be used.

It should be noted that reference numerals are added to the claims for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the structures of the accompanying drawings by the entry.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a vehicle speed control device for a threshing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[Fig. 2] Flow chart of vehicle speed control

[Fig. 3] Flow chart of vehicle speed control

FIG. 4 is a table for setting acceleration / deceleration output.

FIG. 5: Table for setting acceleration / deceleration output

FIG. 6 is a side view of the combine.

FIG. 7 is a partial sectional view of a threshing device.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of a threshing device showing a dust delivery valve.

[Explanation of reference numerals] 16 continuously variable transmission 19 vehicle speed control means 26 crop setting means 27 load detection means E engine

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A continuously variable transmission (16) for traveling is gear-shifted at a predetermined speed so that the load of an engine (E) detected by a load detection means (27) is maintained within a target load range. A combine vehicle speed control device provided with a vehicle speed control means (19), which is provided with crop setting means (26) for switching the type of crops to be threshed, and the vehicle speed control means (19) is provided with the crop setting means ( 26) A combine vehicle speed control device configured to change the speed at which the continuously variable transmission (16) is operated to shift to a speed determined according to the crop based on the setting information of (26).