JPH05154426A - Waterfall generating device and dewatering construction - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a waterfall generating device where splashing is hard to occur on the way of a fall of liquid and a fall of drops is stopped in a short time. CONSTITUTION:Fluid flows along a passage floor 7 from a water storage tank and falls from a standing wall part 6 constituting a fluid discharge end edge part to artificially generate a waterfall. Plural projected parts 10 are installed along the upper end of the standing wall 6. The shape and arrangement of the plural projected parts 10 are determined so that a liquid flow passed between the adjacent two projected parts to fall may not form a water film which can be made splashes due to its width narrowed by surface tension. An excess fluid outfall 8 is provided along the standing wall part 6 on the way of the passage. Further, an excess fluid recovery tank 4 communicating with the excess fluid outfall 8 is installed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waterfall generating device for artificially generating a waterfall, that is, a waterfall, and a draining structure which can be used in this device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Recently, in various theme parks, amusement parks and the like, a waterfall generation device for artificially generating waterfall has been used for the purpose of show-up and presence. The previously proposed waterfall generation device is a waterfall tank (fluid source)
The fluid stored in the flow path along the flow path installed inside the waterfall deck, or the fluid pumped from the lower fluid source along the flow path and drop the fluid from the fluid discharge edge of the flow path. Then, the waterfall is artificially generated.

[0003]

When the waterfall is generated at a position distant from the spectator, there is no particular problem with the conventional apparatus, but when the waterfall is generated at a position closer to the spectator, the waterfall droplets are splashed. It is necessary to prevent the audience from reaching as much as possible. Further, in terms of performance, it may be required to stop the drop of the drop from the waterfall generation device as soon as possible after the waterfall has been generated. However, in the conventional device, the drop of the drop cannot be stopped until the fluid remaining in the flow path is exhausted, and this request cannot be met. FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view showing a state of the waterfall when the flow rate decreases in the conventional waterfall generation device. As shown in FIG. 8, when the amount of the fluid falling from the fluid discharge edge of the flow path becomes small, one fluid flow is divided into a plurality of narrow fluid flows. The separated fluid flow becomes a thin water film and its width gradually narrows as it goes downward. This is an effect of the surface tension acting from both sides in the width direction (x direction) of the fluid flow toward the inside, as shown by the arrow in FIG. The flows coming from both sides collide with each other to form a twist of the water film of 90 °, and generate splashes scattered in the yz directions. Such splashes are generated not only by the waterfall generator, but also when flowing water from the roof used in the stage equipment, or in the roof of a general house having a structure in which a large amount of water may be concentrated and run off, etc. But the same happens.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a waterfall generating device in which splashes are less likely to occur during the dropping of fluid. Another object of the present invention is to provide a waterfall generation device which is less likely to cause splashes during the fall of a fluid and which can stop the drop of a drop in a short time. Still another object of the present invention is to provide a draining structure that can be used in a waterfall cloth generating device and can effectively suppress the generation of droplets during the fall of a fluid. Another object of the present invention relates to a draining structure which can be used also for a waterfall generating device and can stop the drop of a drop in a short time.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, a fluid is caused to flow from a fluid source along a flow path, and the fluid is dropped from a fluid discharge edge of the flow path to artificially generate a waterfall. The target is the improvement of the waterfall generation device. In the invention of claim 1, a plurality of convex portions are provided along the upper end of the fluid discharge edge portion. The shape and arrangement of the plurality of convex portions are set so that a fluid film that drops between two adjacent convex portions does not form a water film that is sprayed due to the width of the fluid flow narrowing due to surface tension. It has established. According to the invention of claim 2, in addition to the features of the invention of claim 1, an excess fluid discharge port is provided along the fluid discharge edge in the middle of the flow path, and at the same time, excess fluid discharge communicated with the excess fluid discharge port. Provide a flow path. As specified in the invention of claim 3, it is preferable that the excess fluid discharge port is provided close to the plurality of convex portions. The inventions of claims 4 and 5 are directed to improvements in a draining structure that can be used in a waterfall generation device and other devices. In the draining structure according to the invention of claim 4, in order to prevent the fluid flowing along the flow path from splashing from the fluid discharge end edge portion of the flow path, the fluid is attached to the upper end of the fluid discharge end edge portion. By providing a plurality of convex portions with the shape and arrangement of the plurality of convex portions, the fluid flow falling through between the two adjacent convex portions may become droplets due to its width being narrowed by surface tension. It is specified not to form a water film. The drainage structure of the invention of claim 5 is
A draining structure is configured by an excess fluid discharge port provided along the fluid discharge end part in the flow path and an excess fluid discharge flow path communicating with the excess fluid discharge port and discharging the excess fluid.

[0006]

As a result of researching conventional devices, the inventor has found that when the amount of fluid that drops falls, a large amount of droplets are generated during the fall of the fluid, and the cause is the surface tension acting on the fluid flow that falls. I found that. When a plurality of convex portions are provided along the upper end of the fluid discharge edge portion as in the invention of claim 1, it is possible to prevent the generation of a water film that is sprayed due to the width being narrowed by surface tension. It is possible to prevent the generation of splashes that may affect the audience. When the flow rate decreases, the fluid that drops between the plurality of convex portions drops in a comb shape as shown in FIG. If the excess fluid discharge port is provided along the fluid discharge end edge part in the middle of the flow path as in the invention of claim 2, when the amount of fluid flowing along the flow path becomes small, the excess fluid discharge port Almost all the fluid flowing from the outlet flows into the excess fluid outlet. Therefore, draining of the fluid flowing down from the fluid discharge edge can be completed in a short time. When the surplus fluid discharge port is provided close to the plurality of convex portions as in the third aspect of the invention, the draining can be completed with almost no generation of drops.
According to the draining structure of the invention of claim 4, with the same operation as that of the invention of claim 1, draining can be performed without generating droplets. Therefore, the draining structure of the present invention can be used not only for the draining structure of the waterfall generator, but also for draining the roof of a stage device or the roof of a general house. According to the draining structure of the invention of claim 5, the draining can be completed in a short time by the same operation as that of the invention of claim 2.
Therefore, the draining structure of the present invention can be used not only for the draining structure of the waterfall generator, but also for draining the roof of the stage apparatus.

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration diagram of an embodiment in which a waterfall cloth is generated in front of a passenger seat by using the waterfall cloth generation apparatus of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a spectator seat, and a reservoir 2 is provided in front of the spectator seat 1. Reference numeral 3 denotes a waterproof concrete ceiling part that constitutes the waterfall deck. The upper surface 3a of the ceiling portion 3 is inclined so as to descend from the front to the rear. Upper surface 3a of the ceiling portion 3
Constitutes the bottom surface of the excess fluid recovery tank 4 which constitutes a part of the excess fluid discharge flow path. At the rear end of the ceiling portion 3, one end of a drainage pipe 5 that connects the excess fluid recovery tank 4 and the reservoir 2 is opened, and the other end of the drainage pipe 5 is opened inside the reservoir 2. The surplus fluid recovery tank 4 and the drain pipe 5 form a surplus fluid discharge flow path. At the front end edge of the upper surface 3a of the ceiling portion 3, there is provided a standing wall portion 6 that stands up toward the upper side and constitutes a fluid discharge end edge of the inclined flow path. The details of the standing wall portion 6 will be described later. Reference numeral 7 is a flow path floor that forms a flow path together with the standing wall portion 6. The flow path floor 7 is arranged so as to form a gap forming an excess fluid discharge port 8 with the standing wall portion 6, and the flow path floor 7 is provided on the upper surface 3a of the ceiling portion 3 by a columnar member (not shown). It is fixed against. In addition, depending on the contour shape of the ceiling part 3 (shape when viewed from above) that constitutes the waterfall deck and the contour shape (shape when viewed from above) of the standing wall portion 6 that constitutes the fluid discharge edge, The shape of the flow path floor 7 will be determined. For example, if the standing wall portion 6 has a linear contour shape, the flow path floor 7 may be a simple flat plate shape. In the case where the standing wall portion 6 has a curved contour shape or a bent contour shape having a plurality of corners, in order to make the front end edge along the standing wall portion 6 and to average the flow rate of each part of the flow path. In some cases, it may be better to make the flow path floor 7 a three-dimensional shape. Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the flow path floor 7 is inclined so as to decrease from the fluid discharge port 9b described later toward the fluid discharge end edge portion, but the flow path floor 7 is not always inclined as in this embodiment. It is not necessary, and the flow path floor 7 may be in a horizontal state, and the gradient may be opposite to that of the embodiment. Even if the flow path floor 7 is in a horizontal state or a reverse slope, the fluid level on the flow path floor 7 rises, so that the fluid falls from the fluid discharge edge. Further, in the above embodiment, the inclination angle of the flow path floor 7 does not have to be constant, and the inclination angle can be changed at an appropriate place for adjusting the flow velocity of the water flow.

A water storage tank 9 constituting a fluid source is provided at the upper rear portion of the flow path floor 7. The water storage tank 9 may be composed of either a single tank or a plurality of tanks. A fluid discharge port 9b that can be opened / closed by remote control is provided at a lower portion of the peripheral wall portion 9a on the front side of the water storage tank 9. Although this fluid discharge port 9b is schematically shown as one faucet in this figure, the structure of the fluid discharge port 9b is arbitrary, and for example, a water gate type fluid discharge port can be used. The water (water) may be supplied to the water storage tank 9 using water, but may be pumped up from the water reservoir 2 using a pump. In the present invention, the structure of the fluid source is not limited to the water storage tank 9 as in the present embodiment, and the fluid source may be configured to directly discharge the water pumped up using a pump, for example.

FIG. 2 (A) shows a partial plan view of the embodiment in which the contour shape of the standing wall portion 6 is a straight line as seen from above. Further, FIG. 2B shows an enlarged cross-sectional view near the standing wall portion 6. In this example, a horizontal portion 7 having a predetermined width is provided at the front end of the channel floor 7 to adjust the flow velocity of the water flow.
a is provided. A plurality of convex portions 10 are integrally provided along the upper end of the standing wall portion 6 at predetermined intervals, and a thin draining plate 11 is integrally provided along the lower end thereof. The draining plate 11 prevents water flowing along the outer side surface of the standing wall portion 6 from flowing around to the back surface side of the ceiling portion 3. An example of the shape and arrangement of the convex portions 10 ...
(A)-(I). The shape and arrangement of the plurality of convex portions 10 ... Prevents a fluid flow falling between two adjacent convex portions from forming a water film that is sprayed due to the width narrowing due to surface tension. It is stipulated to do.

In FIG. 3, W1 is the width of the base of the convex portion 10, W2 is the distance between two adjacent convex portions, and H is the tip of the convex portion 10 and the convex portion. It is the height dimension between the base. According to experiments, the thickness of the water film is about 3 mm
It was found that when it became smaller, droplets were generated. Therefore, it was found that the height dimension H needs to be 3 mm or more.
If the height H is too high, the waterfall will be cut and the scenery of the waterfall will be deteriorated. In addition, the convex portion 10 has a strength capable of withstanding the high water pressure released for forming the waterfall. It has to be done and is impractical. In the case of an experiment using the flow channel floor inclination angle and flow rate shown below, if the height dimension H is set to 10 mm or less, the standing wall portion 6 and the convex portion 10 are made of an iron plate or a plastic plate having a thickness of 1 to 2 mm. It has been confirmed that even if it is formed by using, it can withstand water pressure sufficiently.

According to experiments, the width dimension W1 of the convex portion 10 is
However, it has been found that when it is smaller than about 2 mm, the water film cut by the convex portion 10 becomes a water film which is recombined after being discharged to generate droplets. If the width W1 becomes too wide, the water flow is blocked by the convex portion 10, and when the water flow goes over the convex portion 10, the thickness of the water film generated along the fluid discharge edge becomes uneven. It makes the scenery worse. Further, when the width of the convex portion 10 becomes wide, when the water film of the water flow that crosses over the convex portion becomes thin, droplets are generated from it, so that the width dimension W1 is preferably 10 mm or less.

There is no problem if the distance W2 between the convex portions 10 does not depend on the shape thereof, but if the distance W2 becomes too wide, a water film that causes droplets will be generated. Experiments have shown that when the distance W2 is greater than about 10 mm, a water film that creates droplets is generated.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the upper limit value and the lower limit value of each dimension in the above description are examples, and that these values change depending on conditions such as the amount of water and the angle of the flow path floor 7. By the way, when the above values were determined, the water flow rate was 5 liters / sec / m when the waterfall was formed, the angle of the flow path floor 7 was 3 degrees, and an experiment was conducted with a model of 1/5 of the actual device. .. The preferred dimensions of each part when the convex parts having the shapes and arrangements shown in FIGS. 3A to 3I determined under the same conditions are used are as follows. Since the generation of the droplets is caused by the surface tension, the shape dimensions and interval dimensions of the convex portions are the same in both the experimental model and the actual device.
Therefore, even with an experimental model, it is possible to confirm whether or not there is an effect due to the difference in the shape and size of the convex portion.

FIG. 3 (A): W1 = 10 mm; W2 = 10 mm; H = 3 mm FIG. 3 (B): W1 = 10 mm; W2 = 10 mm; H = 8 mm FIG. 3 (C): W1 = 10 mm; W2 = 0 mm H = 5 mm FIG. 3 (D): W1 = 10 mm; W2 = 10 mm; H = 5 mm FIG. 3 (E): W1 = 10 mm; W2 = 0 mm; H = 5 mm FIG. 3 (F): W1 = 6 mm; W2 = 8 mm; H = 3 mm FIG. 3 (G): W1 = 2 mm; W2 = 10 mm; H = 3 mm FIG. 3 (H): W1 = 2 mm; W2 = 10 mm; H = 5 mm FIG. 3 (I): W1 = 2 mm; W2 = 10 mm; H = 5 mm The shape and arrangement of the convex portions are not limited to the above example, and in one draining structure, the width dimension W of the convex portions is W.
1, at least one of the space dimension W2 and the height dimension H may be changed, and a plurality of types of convex portions may be used in one draining structure.

In the above embodiment, the excess fluid recovery tank 4 is formed below the flow path floor 7, but the excess fluid recovery tank must be provided in order to prevent the falling fluid from splashing. There is no. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the upper surface 3 of the ceiling portion 3
The flow path floor 17 may be provided on a. Further, when the surplus fluid discharge port 8 is formed in the vicinity of the convex portion 10 as in the above embodiment, depending on the water discharge amount and the width dimension of the surplus fluid discharge port,
The tip end surface of the convex portion 10 is positioned at a position slightly above and below the extension line of the flow path floor 7, but when the excess fluid recovery tank is not provided as in the embodiment of FIG. The projecting portion 10 may be directly projected from the upper surface of the flow path floor 17.

Further, when the fluid is discharged from the fluid discharge ports 9b provided at a plurality of locations, in order to ensure a uniform discharge flow rate over the entire length of the fluid discharge edge, as shown in FIG. Partition wall 1 for limiting the flow direction of the discharged fluid on 27
2 may be provided to form a plurality of flow paths on the flow path floor 27.

Although water is used as the fluid in the above embodiment, a fluid in which ethylene glycol is mixed, such as an antifreeze solution, or a liquid organic compound can be used as the fluid. If a fluid other than water is used, the viscosity and surface tension will be different, so the width W1 and gap W
2 and the height dimension H must be set to appropriate values according to the viscosity.

In the above embodiment, the standing wall portion 6 and the convex portions 10 constitute the draining structure of the invention of claim 4 for preventing the generation of droplets, and the fluid is discharged in the middle of the flow path. The draining structure according to claim 5, which is used to quickly round up surplus fluid by the surplus fluid discharge port 8, the surplus fluid recovery tank 4, and the drain pipe 5, which are provided along the standing wall portion 6 that constitutes the edge portion. It is configured.

In the embodiment of FIG. 1, when the amount of water decreases, most of the water flowing through the flow path floor 7 flows into the excess fluid discharge port 8 and is recovered in the excess fluid recovery tank 4. Therefore, the discharged water runs out quickly, and the drop of the drop can be stopped in a short time. The width dimension of the excess fluid discharge port 8 may be such that the fluid forming the waterfall is not unnecessarily collected and the excess fluid can be reliably discharged. In this embodiment, the width dimension is set to 10 mm to 20 mm. Is preferred. The excess fluid discharge port 8 does not have to be formed continuously, and may be formed by an assembly of a plurality of through holes. The formation position of the excess fluid discharge port 8 is most preferably formed at a position close to the convex portion 10 as in the embodiment, but it may be provided in the middle of the flow path floor 7. In this case, the excess fluid discharge port 8 is formed. Excess fluid on the upstream side of the outlet 8 will be recovered. Further, the structure of the excess fluid recovery tank 4 may be any structure as long as the fluid forming the waterfall is not recovered more than necessary and the excess fluid can be reliably discharged, and the structure of the inlet portion is shown in FIG. 2 (C), for example. It is also possible to have such a structure. With this structure, the capacity of the excess fluid recovery tank can be increased.

The two types of draining structures shown in the above embodiments can be used for draining other than the waterfall generator. For example, it can be applied to the roof of a house of a stage device. In addition, the draining structure according to claim 4 is shown in FIGS. 7 (A) and 7 (B).
It can also be applied to the roof with a sloping edge structure used in the roofs of private houses as shown in. In this roof, slope 37a
At the end portions of ~ 37d, reverse inclined surfaces 37a 'to 37d' whose inclination directions are opposite to those of the inclined surfaces are provided, and the boundary portions of the inclined surfaces 37a to 37d and the reverse inclined surfaces 37a 'to 37d'. A drain D as a water collecting manhole is provided at at least one location (two locations in this example). In this type of roof, when the amount of rainfall increases, the drainage from the drain cannot be made in time, and the rainwater overflows and flows down from the edge portions of the reverse inclined surfaces 37a 'to 37d'. Further, the drain D often causes clogging, and in that case, rainwater may overflow even with a small amount of rainfall. In that case, the inclined surfaces 37a 'to 37d
When the convex portion specified in claim 4 is provided along the edge of '
It is possible to prevent the falling water from splashing and to prevent unnecessary rainwater from splashing on the side walls of the house.

[0021]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, since it is possible to prevent the generation of a water film which is sprayed due to the narrowing of the width due to the surface tension, it is possible to prevent the generation of splashes that may affect the audience. According to the invention of claim 2, the draining of the fluid flowing down from the fluid discharge end portion can be completed in a short time. According to the invention of claim 3, draining can be completed with almost no generation of drops. According to the draining structure of the invention of claim 4, with the same operation as that of the invention of claim 1, draining can be performed without generating droplets. According to the draining structure of the invention of claim 5, the draining can be completed in a short time by the same operation as that of the invention of claim 2.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration diagram of an embodiment in which a waterfall generation device of the present invention is used to generate waterfall in front of a passenger seat.

2 (A) is a schematic partial plan view of the apparatus of FIG. 1, (B).
1 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 1, and (C) is a partially enlarged view showing a modified example.

3A to 3I are diagrams showing modified examples of the shape and arrangement of the convex portions.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the state of a falling fluid flow produced by the device of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a modified example of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a modified example of the present invention.

FIG. 7 (A) is a plan view of an example in which the drainage structure of the present invention is applied to a roof of a house, and FIG. 7 (B) is a view of FIG.
It is a schematic sectional view taken along the line A.

FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically showing a state of a falling fluid flow that can be formed by a conventional device.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Spectator seats, 2 ... Reservoir, 3 ... Ceiling part, 4 ... Excessive fluid recovery tank, 5 ... Drain pipe, 6 ... Standing wall part, 7, 17, 27 ... Channel floor, 8 ... Excessive fluid recovery port, 9 ... water tank, 9b ... fluid discharge port, 10 ... convex portion, 11 ... draining plate, 12 ... partition wall portion.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A waterfall cloth generating device for artificially generating waterfall by flowing a fluid from a fluid source along a flow path and dropping the fluid from a fluid discharge end edge portion of the flow path, wherein the fluid discharge end A plurality of convex portions are provided along the upper edge of the edge portion, and the shape and arrangement of the plurality of convex portions are such that the fluid flow that drops between the two adjacent convex portions is caused by surface tension. A waterfall generation device characterized in that it is set so as not to form a water film that is sprayed when its width is narrowed. 2. A surplus fluid discharge port is provided along the fluid discharge end portion in the middle of the flow channel, and a surplus fluid discharge channel communicating with the surplus fluid discharge port is provided. The waterfall generation device according to claim 1. 3. The waterfall generation device according to claim 2, wherein the surplus fluid discharge port is provided close to the plurality of convex portions. 4. A drainer structure for preventing fluid splashing when a fluid flowing along a flow channel falls from a fluid discharge edge portion of the flow channel, the drain drain structure being provided along an upper end of the fluid discharge edge portion. A plurality of convex portions are provided, and the shape and arrangement of the plurality of convex portions are such that the fluid flow that drops between two adjacent convex portions has its width reduced due to surface tension. A drainage structure characterized in that it is set so as not to form a water film that becomes solid. 5. A draining structure for draining a fluid flowing from a fluid source along a flow path toward a fluid discharge edge and dropping from the fluid discharge edge, wherein the drain structure is provided in the middle of the flow path. A draining structure comprising: a surplus fluid discharge port provided along a fluid discharge end portion; and a surplus fluid discharge channel communicating with the surplus fluid discharge port and discharging a surplus fluid.