JPH05154213A - Carbon dioxide gas adsorbing device in breathing aid - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To easily replace a canister by forming spiral grooves in the upper and lower covers to lengthen a passage of a mixed gas so as to prolong a contacting time of the mixed gas with a cargon dioxide gas adsorbing agent in order to enhance adsorbing efficiency of the carbon dioxide gas, and interposing a canister between the upper and lower covers. CONSTITUTION:A flat shape upper cover 21a and a lower cover 21b wherein identical spiral grooves 21a1, 21b1 are formed opposing to each other are provided, a center hole 21b2 allowed to communicate with the spiral grooves 21a1, 21b1 is formed in either of the upper cover 21a and the lower cover 21b, and a hole 21a2 is formed in the outermost periphery of the other spiral groove. Further, a flat shape canister 21c filled with a carbon dioxide gas adsorbing agent is interposed between the spiral grooves 21a1, 21b1 of the upper and lower covers 21a, 21b.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention uses a semi-closed breathing apparatus or a closed breathing apparatus. For example, in a diving breathing apparatus, breathing gas from a cylinder filled with compressed air or oxygen and discharged by a diver. The present invention relates to an improvement of a carbon dioxide adsorption device that adsorbs carbon dioxide from a mixed gas with respiratory air and returns it to the diver.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Diving breathing apparatus are roughly classified into an open type breathing apparatus and a semi-closed type breathing apparatus or a closed type breathing apparatus. The open breathing apparatus uses compressed air as a breathing gas source, and breathes breathing gas that has been breathed once into the water.If it is used for long-term diving, the capacity of the cylinder must be increased. However, there is a problem that the weight is increased.

On the other hand, the semi-closed breathing apparatus is equipped with a breathing bag, an exhaust valve, a carbon dioxide adsorbing device and a breathing gas cylinder to remove carbon dioxide from the breathing air circulating in the breathing circuit.
While introducing the air from which this carbon dioxide has been removed into the air bag, a small amount of breathing gas is supplied into this air bag, and excess breath air is discharged.
Further, the closed-type breathing apparatus has the same structure as the semi-closed-type breathing apparatus, but does not have an exhaust valve so that excess breath air is not discharged to the outside.

[0004]

By the way, the carbon dioxide adsorbing device in such a closed-type breathing apparatus or semi-closed-type breathing apparatus is generally provided in a pipe forming a breathing circuit. A tubular casing is filled with a carbon dioxide adsorbent. For this reason, there is a problem that it takes time to remove the device from the pipe when exchanging the carbon dioxide adsorbent.

Further, since the portion through which the mixed gas of the breathing gas from the cylinder filled with compressed air or oxygen and the breathing gas discharged by the diver passes is short, the contact time between the carbon dioxide adsorbent and the mixed gas is short. There is a problem that carbon dioxide gas cannot be sufficiently adsorbed due to its short length.

The present invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to form a spiral groove in the upper lid and the lower lid to lengthen the passage passage of the mixed gas, thereby making the mixed gas. The contact time between the carbon dioxide gas adsorbent and the carbon dioxide gas adsorbent is increased to improve the carbon dioxide gas adsorption efficiency, and the canister is sandwiched between the upper lid and the lower lid, so that the canister can be easily replaced. It is intended to provide a carbon dioxide adsorption device in a breathing apparatus.

[0007]

The carbon dioxide adsorbing device in the breathing apparatus of the present invention is intended to achieve the above-mentioned object, and the means are the breathing gas of the user and the breathing gas such as compressed air or oxygen. In the carbon dioxide gas adsorbing device in a semi-closed breathing apparatus or a closed breathing apparatus, in which the mixed gas of and is adsorbed carbon dioxide gas by a carbon dioxide gas adsorbent and returned to the user, a flat shape in which the same spiral groove is formed facing each other. Having a top lid and a bottom lid, and forming a central hole communicating with the spiral groove in any one of the top lid and the bottom lid, and forming a hole in the outermost periphery of the other spiral groove, and A flat canister filled with a carbon dioxide adsorbent is sandwiched between the spiral grooves of the upper lid and the lower lid.

[0008]

The carbon dioxide adsorbing device in the breathing apparatus of the present invention configured as described above has the flat upper and lower lids formed by facing the same spiral groove, and the upper lid and the lower lid. A central hole communicating with the spiral groove is formed in either one of the lids, and a hole is also formed in the outermost periphery of the other spiral groove, and a carbon dioxide adsorbent is provided between the spiral grooves of the upper lid and the lower lid. By sandwiching the filled flat canister, the mixed gas entering from the inlet comes into contact with the canister while advancing in the spiral groove, so that the contact time between the mixed gas and the carbon dioxide gas adsorbent becomes longer, and Gas adsorption efficiency is improved.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, a description will be given of the whole diving breathing apparatus including the mouthpiece unit of the present invention with reference to FIG. A casing composed of a cover 1b for covering,
2 is a breathing gas cylinder such as compressed air detachably attached to the substrate 1a (hereinafter, simply referred to as a cylinder), 3 is a breathing gas pipe (hereinafter, simply referred to as a pipe) connected to the cylinder 2, 4 is the pipe 3 A part of the breathing gas from the cylinder 2 is branched to the metering device 5 by using a valve connected in the middle of.

This measuring device 5 comprises a flexible tube 6
Is connected to the valve 4 so that the diver can see it at any time. The metering device is provided with a propeller flow meter 5a, a residual pressure gauge 5b, and a depth alarm device 5c that issues an alarm when the depth becomes too deep.

A filter 7, a regulating valve 8 for regulating the flow rate of breathing gas, and a valve 9 are connected to the pipe 3 downstream of the valve 4. The valve 9 is bifurcated, and one pipe 9a is connected to a mixing chamber A described later.
The other pipes 9b are each connected to a mouthpiece unit 23 described later. Further, the supply of the breathing gas to the mixing chamber A is performed by pushing down the operation lever 15, and is constantly supplied to the mouthpiece unit 23.

Reference numeral 10 is a disk-shaped second substrate arranged in the vicinity of the substrate 1a of the casing 1, and the adjusting valve 8 and the valve 9 described above are arranged between the substrate 1a and the regulating valve 8 and the valve 9. The lower edge of the bellows-shaped first bellows 11 is fixed to the peripheral surface of the second substrate 10, and the intermediate plate 12 is fixed to the upper edge. Further, a lower edge of a second bellows 13 similar to the first bellows 11 is fixed to the intermediate plate 12, and a cover plate 14 is fixed to an upper edge of the second bellows 13.

The second substrate 10 of the first bellows 11
A space formed by the intermediate plate 12 and the intermediate plate 12 is a mixing chamber A for breathing gas and exhaust gas, and a space formed by the intermediate plate 12 and the cover plate 14 of the second bellows 13 is a clean chamber B. Then, the above-mentioned second substrate 10 and intermediate plate 1
2, the lid plate 14 and the first and second bellows 11 and 13 form an air bag.

The pipe 9a from the valve 9 faces the second substrate 10, and the breathing gas from the valve 9 is supplied into the mixing chamber A when the operating lever 15 is pushed down. In addition, an exhaust hose 16 that connects to the mouthpiece unit 23 is connected to the second substrate 10, and further, a recess 10a that forms the drainage chamber C that is connected to the substrate 1a is formed, and the recess 10 is formed.
A drain valve 17 that normally closes the valve portion 10b with a spring 17a is formed in a.

On the lower surface of the intermediate plate 12, there is formed a ring-shaped projection 12a which abuts and pushes down the operation valve 15 when descending, and a communication hole 12b is formed in the center of the projection 12a, and A bellows-shaped mixed gas passage pipe 18 connected to a carbon dioxide adsorption device 21 described later is attached to the communication hole 12b.

Further, the intermediate plate 12 is formed with an exhaust hole 12c for exhausting the intake gas in the clean room B to the outside, and an intake hose 19 connecting the exhaust hole 12c and the mouthpiece unit 23. A bellows-shaped intake pipe 20 to be connected is connected.

A flat carbon dioxide adsorbing device 21 for adsorbing carbon dioxide and passing only oxygen is attached to the cover plate 14, and carbon dioxide and air supplied through the communication hole 12b and the mixed gas passage pipe 18 are provided. The carbon dioxide gas is removed from the mixed gas of and and discharged into the clean room B.

That is, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the carbon dioxide adsorbing device 21 is hinged on one piece and is openable and closable.
a, a lower lid 21b, and a flat canister 21c that adsorbs carbon dioxide gas. And the upper lid 21
a and the lower surface of the lower lid 21b, spiral grooves 21a ₁ ,
21b ₁ are formed to face each other.

Further, the spiral groove 2 is provided at the center of the lower lid 21b.
An inlet hole 21b ₂ communicating with 1b ₁ is formed, and the inlet hole 21b ₂ is connected to the mixed gas passage pipe 18. On the other hand, an outlet cylinder 21a ₂ is formed on the outermost periphery of the spiral groove 21a ₁ of the upper lid 21a.

The canister 21c has a gas adsorbing portion 21c ₁ filled with a carbon dioxide adsorbent, and the gas adsorbing portion 21c.
It formed at both ends of c _1, wherein the upper cover 21a and the plate-shaped attachment portion 21c ₂ sandwiched lower lid 21b is formed.

Then, the canister 21c is provided in the lower lid 21b.
Housed Closing the lid 21a of the mounting portion 21c ₂ is sandwiched edge portion of the upper cover 21a and the lower cover 21b, and the upper lid 2
1a and the canister 21c is located between the spiral grooves 21a ₁ and 21b ₁ of the lower lid 21b, the upper lid 21a and the lower lid 2
It is fixed by screwing the side opposite to the hinged side of 1b.

By attaching the carbon dioxide adsorbing device thus constructed to the cover plate 14, the mixed gas passage pipe 1
The breathing gas containing carbon dioxide gas from _{No. 8} is supplied from the inlet hole 21b _{2 into the} spiral grooves 21a ₁ and 21b ₁ , and the spiral groove 2
Carbon dioxide gas is efficiently adsorbed by the canister 21c on the long path passing through the insides of 1a ₁ and 21b ₁ and clean air is discharged into the clean room B from the outlet cylinder 21a ₂ .
Further, since the upper lid 21a and the lower lid 21b are opened by removing the screw fixing the upper lid 21a and the lower lid 21b, the canister 21c can be easily replaced.

The lid plate 14 has a bellows-shaped pump 22.
Is attached to the lower end of the second substrate 10 constituting the drainage chamber C, and the lower end of the second substrate 10 hangs at a position slightly apart from the drainage hole 10c. Reference numeral 22a denotes a valve seat fixed to the lower surface of the pump 22. By contacting the valve seat 10d provided around the drain hole 10c, the lower surface of the pump 22 and the drain hole of the second substrate 10 are provided. The space around 10c is sealed (see FIG. 5).

Reference numeral 23 is a mouthpiece unit according to the present invention connected to the casing 1 through the exhaust pipe 16, the intake pipe 19 and the pipe 9b for allowing the intake gas to pass therethrough. Formed,
A mouthpiece 23a communicating with the breathing chamber D is formed so that a diver can eat it. Further, an exhaust valve 24 and an intake valve 25 are arranged at the portions connecting the breathing chamber D and the exhaust pipe 16 and the intake pipe 19, respectively.
Further, a known demand lever 26 is arranged at a portion where the tip of the pipe 9b faces.

The exhaust valve 24 is a mouthpiece 23a.
More divers open when exhausted, and intake valve 2
5 is opened when inhaled. The demand lever 26 normally closes the pipe 9b,
When the purge button 27 is pushed against the spring force of the spring 27a, the purge button 27 comes into contact with the protrusion 27b and retracts to open the pipe 9b. The exhaust valve 2 is attached to the tip of the purge button 27 when the demand lever 26 is operated.
An exhaust port valve 27c for closing the opening of No. 4 is attached.

In addition, the mouthpiece unit 23 described above
On the lower surface of the
An exhaust valve 28 for closing the valve is formed, and when the valve 28 is opened, water staying in the breathing chamber D is drained (see FIGS. 6 and 7).

Next, to explain the operation based on the above-mentioned structure, the diver mounts the casing 1 on the chest side using a string or the like, and then eats the mouthpiece 23a of the mouthpiece unit 23 in his mouth. To dive. When breathing in in this state, the intake valve 25 is opened by the momentum, so that the breathing gas in the clean room B is supplied into the breathing room D through the breathing pipe 20, the intake hose 19, and the intake valve 25. It can be inhaled from the mouthpiece 23a.

When the breathing gas in the clean room B is reduced by the breathing, the breathing gas in the mixing room A is communicated with the communicating hole 1
2b, the gas is supplied to the carbon dioxide adsorbing device 21 via the mixed gas passage pipe 18, and is supplied to the mouthpiece unit 23 via the breathing pipe 20 in the state where the carbon dioxide is removed, as described above.

Furthermore, when the amount of breathing gas in the clean room B and the mixing room A decreases, the first and second bellows 11, 13 contract, but the contraction of the first bellows 11 causes the operating lever 15 to move by the projection 12a. It is pushed down, the valve 9 is opened and the breathing gas from the cylinder 2 is filtered by the filter 7,
It is supplied into the mixing chamber A through the control valve 8 and the valve 9.

In this state, when the diver exhales, the exhaust valve 24 is opened, so the exhaust is exhausted from the exhaust pipe 16
Is supplied into the mixing chamber A via. Therefore, since the breath exhaled by the diver and the breathing gas from the valve 9 are supplied into the mixing chamber A, when the diver next inhales, the carbon dioxide gas in the mixing chamber A is generated by the suction pressure. The air containing carbon dioxide is adsorbed through the mixed gas passage pipe 18 to the carbon dioxide adsorption device 2
1 is supplied.

Then, the carbon dioxide gas is removed here, and only clean air is sent to the clean room B, and is supplied to the breath room D of the mouthpiece unit 23 through the breathing pipe 20 and the intake hose 19 as described above. The diver is able to inhale this air. Hereinafter, the same operation as described above is repeatedly performed.

Further, in the above-mentioned breathing action, in the wearable air bag of the present invention, the carbon dioxide adsorption device is attached in the direction in which the air bag contracts,
When lying down, the air bag that acts in the inflating direction due to water pressure is contracted to the extent that it is maintained at the same internal pressure as the lung due to the weight of the carbon dioxide adsorption device. The carbon dioxide adsorption device is inflated to the extent that it is maintained at the same internal pressure as the lung due to its own weight. Therefore, the diver can perform the same breathing action regardless of the posture in the water.

Next, the operation of draining the water when the water is put in the breathing chamber D of the mouthpiece unit 23 when the diver breathes will be described. In this case, when the purge button 27 is pushed against the spring force of the spring 27a, the projection 27b drives the demand lever 26 to open the opening of the pipe 9b. As a result, the breathing gas in the tank 2 is supplied from the pipe 9b into the breathing chamber D via the filter 7, the regulating valve 8 and the valve 9.

On the other hand, since the exhaust port valve 27c provided at the tip of the purge button 27 closes the opening of the exhaust valve 24, the diver prevents the air from being discharged from the mouthpiece 23a, so that the inside of the breathing chamber D is blocked. Pressure rises,
The pressure is the spring 28a of the exhaust valve 28.
When the spring force is exceeded, the valve 28 is opened and the water in the breathing chamber D is discharged into the water.

Further, when water is accumulated in the mixing chamber A from the mouthpiece unit 23 or for some reason, the accumulated water is automatically drained every time the diver breathes. To explain, when water enters the mixing chamber A, the first and second bellows 11,
When 13 is extended, it enters the drain chamber C through the gap between the lower end of the pump 22 and the drain hole 10c of the second substrate 10.

Then, the diving person's breathing is performed, and the first and second
When the bellows 11 and 13 are contracted, the lower end of the pump 22 is contracted while closing the drain hole 10c. When this contraction is performed, the air in the pump 22 is compressed and the pressure in the drainage chamber C rises. When this pressure exceeds the spring force of the spring 17a of the drainage valve 17, the valve 17
Is opened and the water in the drainage chamber C is drained into the water.

[0037]

As described above, according to the present invention, a spiral groove is formed in the flat upper lid and the lower lid to lengthen the passage passage for the mixed gas, and a canister is provided between the upper lid and the lower lid. By arranging it, the contact time between the mixed gas and the carbon dioxide adsorbent can be lengthened and the adsorption efficiency of carbon dioxide can be improved.
Since the upper lid and the lower lid can be opened and closed and the canister is sandwiched between them, the canister can be easily replaced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an entire diving breathing apparatus.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a carbon dioxide adsorption device.

3A and 3B are a bottom view and a plan view of an upper lid and a lower lid which are the same components.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the canister in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged sectional view of the airbag.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a state before draining water in the mouthpiece unit of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which water is being drained in the above.

[Explanation of symbols]

21 carbon dioxide adsorption device 21a upper lid 21a ₁ spiral groove 21a ₂ outlet cylinder 21b lower lid 21b ₁ spiral groove 21b ₂ inlet hole 21c canister 21c ₁ gas adsorption part

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A semi-closed breathing apparatus or a closed breathing apparatus in which a mixed gas of breathing air of a user and compressed air or a breathing gas such as oxygen is adsorbed by a carbon dioxide adsorbent to return the gas to the user. In the carbon dioxide adsorption device, a central hole having a flat upper lid and a lower lid in which the same spiral groove is formed so as to face each other, and one of the upper lid and the lower lid communicates with the spiral groove. And a hole is formed in the outermost circumference of the other spiral groove, and a flat canister filled with a carbon dioxide adsorbent is sandwiched between the spiral grooves of the upper lid and the lower lid. Carbon dioxide adsorption device in breathing apparatus.