JPH05140587A - Liquid composition for dish washing - Google Patents

Abstract

Liquid dishwashing compositions containing an anionic surface active agent, an alkyl polyglycoside and a combination of two types of amphoteric compounds. The combination of amphoteric surface active compounds and the alkyl polyglycoside partly replace anionic tensides to give dishwashing compositions which are mild and satisfactory with regard to environment.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to liquid dishwashing compositions and more particularly to such compositions containing an anionic surfactant, a combination of certain amphoteric surfactant compounds, and an alkyl polyglycoside. Regarding things.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The most common commercial liquid dishwashing compositions are primarily hand dishwashing and generally contain anions such as alkyl sulfonates and alkyl ether sulphates as essential ingredients. It is an aqueous solution containing a surfactant. These dishwashing agents are completely satisfactory in terms of cleaning effect, foaming effect and foam stability. However, dishwashing compositions based on this type of anionic surfactant have certain irritant (inflammatory) and allergenic effects and are therefore gentle to the skin (mi
ldness) is not satisfactory. Therefore,
There is great interest in the preparation of dish-washing compositions that are gentle on the skin and at the same time provide good cleaning effects.

In the last few years, nonionic alkyl polyglycosides have become of commercial interest for use in dishwashing formulations as well as other cleaning formulations. These nonionic surface-active compounds are products based on natural raw materials, are gentle on the skin, have a high degree of biodegradability and have good compatibility with other types of surfactants. In that it is advantageous for use in dishwashing and other cleaning compositions. Alkyl polyglycosides are compounds known per se and widely disclosed. The use of alkyl polyglycosides as surfactants in combination with other types of surfactants is also well known. European Patent Application No. 0341071 discloses detergent compositions that are particularly useful for hand dishwashing and include alkyl polyglycoside surfactants, anionic surfactants, surface active betaines and / or amine oxides.

[0004]

According to the present invention, a surprisingly good dishwashing composition is obtained when an anionic surfactant is used with an alkyl polyglycoside and with a combination of certain amphoteric compounds. It turned out to be obtained. Liquid dishwashing compositions comprising a combination of anionic surfactants, alkyl polyglycosides, and certain amphoteric compounds (s) have very good gentleness to the skin, good lathering properties, and even lower It only provides a biological load and is more effective than dishwashing compositions based on anionic surfactants, alkyl polyglycosides and amphoteric alkyl betaine surfactant (s).

Accordingly, the present invention relates to a dishwashing composition as further defined in the appended claims. The dishwashing composition according to the invention is
Due to its gentleness, it is especially suitable for hand washing glass, pottery, kitchen utensils, etc.

A combination of two kinds of amphoteric compounds is used in the dish-washing composition of the present invention, and these compounds will be hereinafter referred to as (a) type and (b) type. The (a) type amphoteric surface active compound is represented by the general formula (I)

[0007]

[Chemical 7] [In the formula, R is a hydrocarbon group having 7 to 22 carbon atoms, n is 0 or 1, A is a carbonyl group [C (O)], a group (OCH ₂ CH ₂ ) _Z or a group (OCH ₂ CH ₂ CH
₂ ) _Z (z is an integer of 1 to 5), R ₁ is hydrogen or a lower alkyl group, x is 2 or 3,
y is an integer of 0 to 4, and Q is a group —R ₂ COOM (R ₂
Is an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, M is hydrogen, or an ion of a group selected from alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, ammonium and substituted ammonium).
And B is hydrogen or the Q group defined above].

Amphoteric compounds of the above type are known per se and are used in cleaning and shampoo compositions. These are for example European patent application No. 16050
7, 162600 and 214868. In the amphoteric surface-active compound of the above formula used in the dishwashing composition of the present invention, R has 7 to 2 carbon atoms.
2, suitably a hydrocarbon group having 11 to 22 carbon atoms. The hydrocarbon radical R may be linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated and may additionally contain substituents such as hydroxyl groups. The R group may be a cycloalkyl-alkyl group, an aralkyl or an alkenyl group (the alkyl or alkenyl group has at least 6 carbon atoms). R
Is preferably an alkyl or alkenyl group,
It is particularly preferred that R is a hydrocarbon group derived from coconut oil fatty acid, tallow fatty acid or oleic fatty acid. The amphoteric compound of formula (I) may contain a carbonyl group or an A group which is one or several ethoxy or propoxy groups, as described above. If A is an ethoxy group or a propoxy group it is preferably an ethoxy group, in which case A is especially preferably one such group. Compounds containing no A groups, i.e. compounds in which n is 0, are preferred. R ₁ in the above formula is hydrogen or a lower alkyl group (suitably 1 to 6 carbon atoms), preferably hydrogen or a methyl group. x is 2 or 3,
y is suitably 2,3 or 4, preferably 2 or 3. The R ₂ group is suitably a methylene or ethylene group, preferably a methylene group. M is hydrogen or an ion of a group selected from alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, ammonium or substituted ammonium (for example, mono-, di- or tri-hydroxyethylammonium). M is preferably sodium ion.

A preferred compound of formula (I) is of formula (II):

[0010]

[Chemical 8] [In the formula, Q is CH ₂ —COOM or CH ₂ CH ₂ CO
OM, y is 1, 2 or 3 and M, R, x and B have the meanings given above. x
Is suitably 3 and all B groups are suitably Q groups.

Mixtures of amphoteric compounds with different values of y are particularly preferred. R in these compounds is suitably derived from tallow fatty acid, oleic fatty acid or coconut oil fatty acid.

In the compositions of the present invention, the amphoteric compound of the above formula is used in combination with an amphoteric compound containing a carbonyl group. The latter amphoteric compound of type (b) is represented by the general formula (II
A compound characterized by I) or amidobetaine as shown in formula (IV). Mixtures of these two amphoteric compounds can also be used. Formula (II
The compound of I) is

[0013]

[Chemical 9] Wherein R, y, Q and B have the same meanings as described for the compound of formula (I), but one B group is
CH ₂ CHR′OH, where R ′ is H or CH ₃ . Suitable and preferred definitions of R and M in the Q group are as described for the compounds of formula (I). Compounds of formula (III) y is 1 and Q is a group -CH ₂ COOM is most appropriate. Formula (IIIa) is a typical example.

[0014]

[Chemical 10] And / or formula (IIIb)

[0015]

[Chemical 11] The compound represented by can be mentioned.

Amphoteric compounds of formulas (IIIa) and (IIIb) are commercially available as a mixture, usually a compound of formula (IIIa):
The weight ratio of the compound of formula (IIIb) is within the range of 1:10 to 10: 1.

Amidobetaine type amphoteric compounds containing a carbonyl group have the general formula (IV):

[0018]

[Chemical 12] Where R is a long chain hydrophobic hydrocarbon group, suitably a saturated or unsaturated, straight or branched chain aliphatic hydrocarbon group having at least 7 carbon atoms. R suitably has 7 to 21 carbon atoms, preferably an alkyl or alkenyl group having 11 to 17 carbon atoms,
R'is an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Most suitably both R'groups are methyl groups,
n is 1 or 2. M is preferably hydrogen or sodium ion.

Amphoteric compounds of type (a) act primarily as detoxifying surfactants, and amphoteric compounds of type (b) act primarily as surfactants, viscosity modifiers and suds formers. .. Suitable weight ratios of (a) type amphoteric compounds: (b) type amphoteric compounds are in the range 1:10 to 10: 1, preferably in the range 1: 5 to 5: 1. The total amount of the amphoteric compounds defined above in the dishwashing composition is suitably between 1 and
It is 20% by weight, preferably 1.5 to 15% by weight.

The amphoteric compound of the above formula is commercially available and can be found in Berol Nobel AB.
(Sweden) under the trade name Amphorak:
It is sold under the registered trademark).

According to the present invention, the above combination of amphoteric compounds is substituted with part of the anionic surfactant for use in a liquid dishwashing composition together with an alkyl polyglycoside, which has good foaming properties and It has been found that a composition that is gentle (on the skin) and effective is obtained. The gentleness obtained does not only depend on the use of alkyl polyglycosides, but also on the effective detoxification of anionic surfactants by the formation of mixed micelles of anionic and specific amphoteric surfactants. .. The very low critical micelle concentration of certain amphoteric compounds is thereby utilized. With very small amounts of amphoteric compounds, in particular the compounds of formulas (I) and (II) above, the desired effects are obtained.

The alkyl polyglycosides or sugar ethers used in the composition of the present invention are nonionic surface-active compounds known per se having a hydrophilic polysaccharide head group and a hydrophobic hydrocarbon substituent. The hydrophilic saccharide unit is, for example, a fructoside or a glucoside unit, and a glucoside unit is preferable. The alkyl polyglycosides suitably contain an average of 1 to 5 saccharide units, preferably 1.2 to 1.5 saccharide units. Hydrophobic hydrocarbon groups, alkyl or alkenyl groups, preferably alkyl groups, suitably have from about 8 to about 20 carbon atoms, preferably 10 to 18 carbon atoms. Alkyl polyglycosides are commercially available, for example, from Henkel under the trade name Plantaren® APG. The amount of alkyl polyglycoside in the composition of the invention is suitably 1 to 15% by weight, preferably 1.
It is 5 to 4% by weight.

By using a combination of amphoteric compounds as defined above, an alkyl polyglycoside and an anionic surfactant (usually a water soluble sulfonate or sulphate) in a liquid dishwashing composition, the latter (anionic interface The active agent) can be replaced to some extent, which results in a dishwashing composition which is advantageous from a biological point of view and in terms of ease of use. In addition to these advantages, the compositions of the present invention are based on known compositions based on a single anionic surfactant, as well as compositions containing anionic surfactants, alkyl betaine amphoteric compounds and alkyl polyglycosides. It is also possible to substantially reduce the total amount of active ingredients to obtain comparable dishwashing performance.

Anionic surfactants of the above type are also present in the compositions of the present invention, although in lesser amounts than usual. Of the total amount of amphoteric, nonionic and anionic surfactants, at most 90% by weight are anionic surfactants. The amount of anionic surfactant is suitably in the range of 85-30% by weight, in particular 85-60% by weight, based on the total amount of amphoteric surfactant, nonionic alkyl polyglycoside and anionic surfactant. It is within the range of%. As described above, the anionic surfactant is a water-soluble sulfate or sulfonate, and particularly, an alkyl sulfate, an alkyl ether sulfate, an alkyl sulfonate, or an alkyl aryl sulfonate whose alkyl group usually has 8 to 22 carbon atoms. In anionic surfactants containing ether groups, these groups are usually ethylene oxide groups and the compounds usually contain 1 to 10 such groups per molecule. The cation is usually an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium or amine (eg mono-, di- and triethanolamine cations). Some specific examples of anionic surfactants include sodium lauryl sulfonate, sodium lauryl ether sulfate containing 2 or 3 ethylene oxide groups,
Corresponding ammonium salt or ethanolamine salt,
In addition, sodium salts of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid and alkylbenzenesulfonic acid having an alkyl group having an average carbon number of 11 to 13 or other salts can be mentioned. At least two anionic surfactants are often used in combination in the dishwashing composition.

It is preferable that the dishwashing composition of the present invention is a liquid, and the main component thereof is of course water. The water used in liquid dishwashing compositions is often deionized water, but other types of water can be used. Other liquid solvents can of course be included, such as lower alcohols, glycols and lower alkyl ethers of glycols. These types of solvents are usually present in trace amounts, if any. As some specific examples,
Examples thereof include ethanol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol and the like. Mainly stores solvent (antiseptic)
May be included for However, one advantage of the composition of the invention is that it does not require a solvent to obtain a preservative effect, since it comprises an amphoteric compound of the type according to formula (I).

The dishwashing compositions of the present invention are prepared in a conventional manner by simply mixing the ingredients together, and the compositions can, of course, be used in a conventional manner. The usual dose is dish liquo
r) About 0.2 g of a dishwashing composition having a total dry content of about 10 to about 45% by weight per liter.

The above dishwashing composition may of course contain other additives commonly used for improving various properties, such as thickeners, antibacterial agents, colorants, pigments and fragrances. Other amphoteric compounds, such as betaine, as well as other nonionic surfactants may be present if desired. The composition should be essentially free of cationic surfactants. The dishwashing composition of the present invention has good sudsing characteristics and does not require a particular suds booster or suds stabilizing compound. However, it is of course possible to include a foam enhancing compound in the compositions of the invention if desired,
Examples of such compounds may include amides and amine oxides containing at least one long chain hydrophobic hydrocarbon group, ie a fatty acid residue having at least 7 carbon atoms, suitably up to 22 carbon atoms.

By way of example of a complete dishwashing composition according to the invention with regard to the main essential ingredients, mention may be made of the ingredients listed below, in which the ratio between the compounds of each type is adjusted to fall within the above ranges:

[0029]

[Table 1]

[0030]

The present invention will be further described based on the following examples, but the following examples are not intended to limit the present invention. Parts and percentages refer to parts by weight and percentages by weight, respectively, unless otherwise stated.

Example 1 Each dishwashing composition was prepared as follows (all stated amounts are as 100% active substance).

(Composition I-Control) 11.2 g of sodium salt of linear alkylbenzene sulfonic acid having C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ alkyl group, 5.6 g of sodium lauryl ether sulfate having 3 ethylene oxide groups, alkyl polyglycoside 2. 1 gram, Amphoteen 24
2.1 g of C ₁₂ / C ₁₄ alkyl dimethyl betaine and 79 g of water sold under the name

Composition II (according to the invention) 11.2 g of the sodium salt of a linear alkylbenzenesulfonic acid having a C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ alkyl group; 5.6 g of sodium lauryl ether sulphate having three ethylene oxide groups; mixtures (TM Amuhoraku ^(R) 7TX and Amuhoraku ^(R) amphoteric compounds sold respectively XCO-30 of amphoteric compounds 1: 2 mixture - amphoteric compounds listed initially chemically as tallow amphoteric (Tallowampho) polycarboxy glycinate , Which are characterized by the formula (II) and are included in the definition of compounds according to formula (II),
pho) chemically characterized as carboxyglycinate, containing a carbonyl group and containing a mixture of compounds defined by formula (IIIa) and (IIIb)-) 2.1 g; alkyl polyglycoside 2.1 g; and water 79 g.

(Composition III-Control) Alkanes (C ₁₂ -C)
₁₈ ) 11.2 g of sulfonate; 5.6 g of sodium lauryl ether sulfate having three ethylene oxide groups;
2.1 g of alkyl polyglycoside; 2.1 g of alkyl dimethyl betaine and 79 g of water.

Composition IV-According to the Invention Alkane (C
_{12- C18} ) sulfonate 11.2 g; sodium lauryl ether sulphate having three ethylene oxide groups 5.
6 g; 2.1 g of a mixture of two amphoteric compounds similar to those in composition II; 2.1 g of alkyl polyglycosides and 79 g of water.

The alkyl polyglycoside in all compositions was an alkyl polyglycoside sold as PLANTAREN ^(R) APG600 by Henkel Corporation.
It has an average number of saccharide units of 1.4 and has C _12-14-16 hydrocarbon groups. Alkyl dimethyl betaine used in reference compositions I and III was a C ₁₂ -C ₁₄ alkyl dimethyl betaine sold under the name Amuhotin ^(R) 24 by Beroru Nobel Akucheboragu.

All four of the above compositions were tested by titration of a 2 g / l solution with a bechamel sauce. The foam height was measured and plotted against the amount of Bechamel sauce. The areas of the plots were integrated, weighed for comparison and expressed as efficiency versus amphoteric compound content. The area of Control Composition I was set as efficiency 1. The efficiency index of the composition is shown in the following table.

[0038]

[Table 2] As can be seen from the above table, the composition II according to the invention had the same efficiency index as the control, whereas the composition IV according to the invention gave considerably better efficiency than the control composition III.

The dishwashing performance of each of the above compositions was evaluated by an actual dishwashing test. 1 ml of beef tallow with an iodine value of 55.1 was applied to each plate and the plates were dried overnight at ambient temperature. Each test composition 0.2 g /
8 liters of water with a concentration of 1 liter and a hardness of 20 ° dH were used at a temperature of 45 ± 2 ° C. After the initial development of foam, the tallow-coated dry plate was washed with a brush until the foam disappeared. The results were recorded as the number of plates washed and compared with the results obtained with composition I.

[0040]

[Table 3] From this table it can be seen that both compositions according to the invention provided substantially better dishwashing performance than the control composition.

Example 2 The following composition according to the invention was prepared: sodium lauryl ether sulphate having two ethylene oxide groups 8.
98g; Alkyl polyglycoside (Plantarene ^(R) A
PG600) 2 g; coconut oil amide betaine 6.67 g;
Amhorak ^(R) 7TX 3.32 g and water 79.03
g.

The dishwashing performance of this composition was evaluated according to Example 1. 17 plates were washed. In this case, it should be noted that this composition is based solely on sodium lauryl ether sulphate as an anionic surfactant, which generally means poor cleaning performance.

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. (a) Anionic surfactant: (b) Alkyl polyglycoside: and (c) (1) Formula (I) [In the formula, R is a hydrocarbon group having 7 to 22 carbon atoms, n is 0 or 1, A is a carbonyl group [C (O)], a group (OCH ₂ CH ₂ ) _Z or (OCH ₂ CH ₂ CH ₂ )
_Z (z is an integer of 1 to 5), R ₁ is hydrogen or a lower alkyl group, x is 2 or 3, y is an integer of 0 to 4, Q is a group —R ₂ COOM (in the formula, R ₂
Is an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, M is hydrogen, or an ion of a group selected from alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, ammonium and substituted ammonium).
And B is hydrogen or a Q group defined above], and (2) a general formula (II)
I) [Chemical 2] [Wherein R, y, Q and B have the same meanings as described for the compound of formula (I), but one B group is a group —CH ₂ CHR′OH (R ′ is H or CH ₃ )
(B) type amphoteric compound containing a carbonyl group represented by: and / or general formula (IV) Wherein R has the same meaning as described for the compound of formula (I), R ′ is an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, n is 1 or 2,
M is hydrogen or sodium ion] and a combination of a plurality of amphoteric compounds represented by: and a liquid dishwashing composition. 2. The amphoteric compound of the type (a) is represented by the general formula (II): [In the formula, Q is CH ₂ COOM or CH ₂ CH ₂ COO
M, y is 1, 2 or 3, and M, R, x and B are as defined in claim 1]. Dishwashing composition. 3. The (b) type amphoteric compound containing a carbonyl group is represented by the general formula (IIIa): And / or (IIIb) The composition for dishwashing according to claim 1, wherein R is a hydrocarbon group having 7 to 22 carbon atoms in both formulas. 4. The R in the amphoteric compound has 11 to 2 carbon atoms.
2. The dishwashing composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is an alkyl or alkenyl group of 2. 5. A weight ratio of said (a) type amphoteric compound to said (b) type amphoteric compound is from 1:10 to 1.
It is in the range up to 0: 1.
The composition for dishwashing according to any one of to 4. 6. Dishwashing composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a combination of said amphoteric compounds in a total amount of 1 to 20% by weight. 7. The alkyl polyglycoside has an average of 1.
The dish-washing composition according to claim 1, which contains a saccharide unit of 2 to 1.5 and a hydrocarbon group of 10 to 16 carbon atoms. 8. Dishwashing composition according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that it comprises 1 to 15% by weight of alkyl polyglycosides. 9. The dishwashing composition according to claim 1, wherein the anionic surfactant is a water-soluble sulfate or sulfonate. 10. Dishwashing composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises 85 to 30% by weight of anionic surfactants.